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Copyright of Revista Crítica de Relaciones de Trabajo, Laborum is the property of Ediciones Laborum S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Internacional y Comparada de Relaciones Laborales y Derecho del Empleo is the property of ADAPT University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Crítica de Relaciones de Trabajo, Laborum is the property of Ediciones Laborum S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Crítica de Relaciones de Trabajo, Laborum is the property of Ediciones Laborum S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objectives of the present article are to reconstruct the circumstances that gave life to the labour reform in Mexico in 2019 and to analyse how this modification to the law boosts the reconfigurations of labour relations. Based on the theoretical-methodological approach of the Latin American Configurationism, the structural pressures that influenced the negotiation of the law are presented, as well as taking into account how the agents, who had particular perspectives and differentiated positions of power, influenced the definition of its contents. In order to carry out this research, the agreements and treaties that drove the reform were analysed, as well as a historical revision of the most relevant modifications to the labour law was made. This investigation permitted to conclude that even though the reform allows for new counterbalancing forces in the capital-work relation, it does not nullify the shaping of control strategies by the Estate and the employers which are intended to limit the workers' organization abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of e-Revista Internacional de la Protección Social is the property of e-Revista Internacional de la Proteccion Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Objetivo: analizar la subcontratación laboral en la reforma a la Ley Federal del Trabajo de México, aprobada en abril de 2021, compararla con la de 2012 y reflexionar sobre sus probables efectos en la dinámica laboral. Metodología: se compararon las dos últimas reformas para determinar qué se modificó y qué permanece en relación con la subcontratación laboral. Se revisaron los debates políticos y la dinámica cuantitativa en años recientes. Resultados: en algunos puntos los cambios son significativos; en otros, permanecen las normas anteriores. El giro más importante de la reforma atañe a los mecanismos de garantía para el cumplimiento de la norma. Limitaciones: el poco tiempo transcurrido desde la promulgación de la nueva reforma constituye la principal limitación para el análisis de sus consecuencias. Valor: el análisis y las conclusiones son un aporte novedoso a la discusión académica sobre los efectos de los giros políticos en los fenómenos sociales. Conclusiones: la reforma sobre la subcontratación presenta al mismo tiempo rupturas con la normatividad anterior y continuidad. Las consecuencias preliminares son inciertas. Hay indicios para pensar que la subcontratación laboral disminuirá de forma sustantiva, pero no la precarización.

The objective of this research is to analyze the perceptions of the teachers of the Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación (SNTE) of Tamaulipas, Mexico, regarding the conditions for a profound democratic transformation in the context of the labor reform in union matters of 2019. The work is the result of a qualitative research, which consisted of 22 semi-structured interviews with people chosen through a convenience sample. The findings allow us to identify favorable conditions, but also important limitations for this transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article tries to reflect on the first steps taken in the state of Guanajuato around the constitutional reform in labor matters of 2017 and the modifications to the federal labor law of 2019. We maintain that although the quantitative data seem to be Encouragingly, in the finest analysis, one of the most important actors in this process, that is, the entrepreneurs, prevails a great skepticism and uncertainty, showing almost incapable of understanding the nature of the changes that have been built. Of course, this puts at risk not only the success of the reform, but also the business community in the state, which under this condition may not be prepared to negotiate in transnational spheres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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En el marco de las reformas laborales de fin del siglo XX en la Argentina, el artículo reconstruye los vínculos que sostuvo el laboralista Jorge Jerónimo Sappia con el sindicalismo peronista de la provincia de Córdoba y el de la Nación. Para ello, recurre al método biográfico para reconocer sus lazos partidarios y obreros, y analizar su concepción del rol del sindicalismo y su vínculo con su participación política. Consideramos que su triple dependencia (sindical, laboral y radical) le permitió articular una relación virtuosa con el sindicalismo, para conformarse en una trayectoria excepcional al interior del radicalismo debido a su capacidad de construir consensos.

The objectives of the present article are to reconstruct the circumstances that gave life to the labour reform in Mexico in 2019 and to analyse how this modification to the law boosts the reconfigurations of labour relations. Based on the theoretical-methodological approach of the Latin American Configurationism, the structural pressures that influenced the negotiation of the law are presented, as well as taking into account how the agents, who had particular perspectives and differentiated positions of power, influenced the definition of its contents. In order to carry out this research, the agreements and treaties that drove the reform were analysed, as well as a historical revision of the most relevant modifications to the labour law was made. This investigation permitted to conclude that even though the reform allows for new counterbalancing forces in the capital-work relation, it does not nullify the shaping of control strategies by the Estate and the employers which are intended to limit the workers' organization abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Labor is a complex social phenomenon that can be analyzed from different angles, i.e., it is a phenomenon that can be read from economic, technological, social, political, anthropological and psychological perspectives. Several countries in Europe and Latin America have carried out a series of labor reforms since the 90's, with the purpose of reducing the high unemployment and in order to promote competitiveness of the production system, by means of a better use of human resources and imprinting more dynamism on economy. However, the results so far have been very controversial in some cases. Therefore, it is essential to know exactly what we mean when we talk about labor fexibility, because in some cases there are many different ideas and positions about its meaning and consequences. Also, it is important to indicate that there are several mechanisms of labor fexibility, which may affect different magnitudes in the labor market and the enterprise. This paper groups various positions about labor fexibility and analyzes the consequences of the use of each mechanism on economy, business and living conditions of workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Este trabajo se propone analizar los fundamentos económicos que motivaron la presentación de un nuevo proyecto de reforma laboral durante el gobierno de Mauricio Macri en Argentina. Para ello adoptaremos una perspectiva histórica mediante la reconstrucción de las transformaciones que ha sufrido la legislación laboral, específicamente la ley de contrato de trabajo, que es la que rige la casi totalidad de los acuerdos laborales. También abordamos la evolución de las relaciones laborales en las últimas décadas y los intentos por parte del empresariado argentino de conseguir condiciones más favorables para un uso flexible de la fuerza de trabajo. Nuestro análisis muestra que la reforma laboral es parte de una estrategia de mediano plazo cuyo objetivo es mejorar las condiciones de acumulación de capital en Argentina, incluyendo un aumento de la explotación de la fuerza de trabajo. La metodología utilizada no solo se basará en el análisis cualitativo de las fuentes legislativas, sino también en análisis cuantitativos de información estadística nacional y mundial. Nos remitimos a diversos tipos de fuentes: legislación laboral, convenios y acuerdos de diferentes períodos históricos, series estadísticas oficiales nacionales e internacionales y aportes de otros autores.

Entre las modificaciones operadas por la reciente reforma laboral, especial relevancia tiene el cambio que se ha producido en la regulación de la contratación laboral. La reforma, aprobada mediante el Real Decreto-ley 32/2021, ha diseñado un modelo normativo que, tratando de reducir la tradicional dualidad del mercado de trabajo español, restringe el empleo de la contratación temporal a través de distintos instrumentos jurídicos. En este escenario, el contrato por circunstancias de la producción se presenta como el último reducto para articular la temporalidad en nuestro sistema de relaciones laborales. El artículo tiene como objetivo examinar el alcance y contenido de la reforma laboral en relación con la contratación temporal, con singular atención al nuevo contrato por circunstancias de la producción. El análisis se centra especialmente en los principales conflictos interpretativos derivados de la ambigua redacción legal, plagada de imprecisiones y de conceptos jurídicos indeterminados, y que en buena medida es consecuencia lógica del origen transaccional de la norma. Recibido: 13.05.2022 Aceptado: 14.06.2022

El movimiento sindical en el mundo desde su nacimiento sufrió diversas modificaciones, acompañando las transformaciones de la sociedad, de las relaciones de trabajo, de la globalización, del desarrollo tecnológico y, principalmente, del capitalismo. Es sabido que su inserción y modus operandi no fue homogénea, así como la lucha y derechos sociales conquistados en cada región. Por lo tanto, se hace necesaria la comprensión de la historia, de cada forma y de la actuación del sindicalismo a fin de analizar lo que se ha llamado crisis sindical, así como sus desdoblamientos e influencias en la nueva legislación laboral brasileña. Así, el presente artículo se propone esmiuzar los principales cambios traídos por la Ley nº 13.467/2017 en cuanto a la actuación del movimiento sindical, en qué medida impacta el sindicalismo en su actual configuración, y, aún, la necesidad de reformulación de su papel como un importante espacio de lucha social dentro del derecho laboral. Se analizará desde la polémica entorno del impuesto sindical obligatorio, hasta la cuestión que permea el nuevo art. 611-A de la CLT, estipulando la supremacía de lo negociado sobre lo legislado. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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resumo A partir da análise de dados do IBGE sobre o mercado de trabalho no perío- do pré e durante pandemia, além de literatura pertinente, este artigo contempla três dimensões: (i) traça um breve panorama sobre o contexto de crise econômica e do emprego e das mudanças que redundaram na reforma laboral de 2017 e os indicadores do mercado de trabalho no período que antecede a crise sanitária; (ii) os indicadores do mercado de trabalho no contexto da pandemia, que sinalizam os impactos sobre o trabalho; (iii) os desafios impostos ao sindicalismo decorrentes da intensificação da agenda neoliberal dos últimos quatro anos. Demonstra que a crise sanitária causada pelo Sars- CoV-2 potencializou a fragilidade do mercado de trabalho que vinha em franco processo de deterioração nos últimos quatro anos no Brasil. Atingiu, de forma contundente e de diversas maneiras toda a classe trabalhadora dos diversos setores econômicos e de forma desigual nas diferentes regiões do Brasil.

Es clave comprender las causas fundamentales de la crisis económica actual y sus implicaciones en el mundo del trabajo. El Coronavirus es un detonante, pero no la razón de la crisis. Después de cada crack económico sobreviene una serie de medidas de reorganización productiva que afecta profundamente las condiciones laborales. Las instituciones internacionales y los gobiernos no ocultan sus planes de reformas. Desde la revolución conservadora de Reagan no ha parado el proceso de flexibilización, que con cada crisis se ha profundizado.

En este artículo analizamos las narrativas de los grandes medios de comunicación en la actualidad, en particular, de los diarios de mayor circulación nacional: Clarín y La Nación, en sus versiones digitales. Nos centramos, específicamente, en la relación neoliberalismo – reforma laboral – representaciones mediáticas, y proponemos un análisis de las lecturas preferenciales (Hall, 1981) que destacan estos medios sobre una posible reforma laboral en Argentina, a partir de 2017. El objetivo de este estudio es indagar los mecanismos discursivos y las estrategias de representación que utilizan estos medios para producir y reproducir ciertas miradas sobre la flexibilización y las reformas laborales. Los interrogantes que se plantean son: ¿Qué se visibiliza, qué se enfatiza y qué se oculta en estas narrativas mediáticas digitales cuando se informa sobre una posible reforma laboral? ¿De qué modo se buscan sentar las bases ideológicas para crear un consenso social sobre la cuestión? ¿En qué marco de significación se destaca al trabajo, la flexibilización laboral, la precariedad? ¿Cómo son representados empresarios y sindicatos? Metodológicamente, se utiliza un enfoque sociosemiótico que focaliza en el análisis de los sentidos sociales que recorren a las nociones de flexibilización laboral, reformas y precariedad, a partir de los elementos formales, de contenido y de fuentes, presentes en las noticias digitales sobre la temática. Consideramos que las representaciones privilegiadas y los sentidos sociales que los medios, sobre todo los más concentrados y con un lugar jerarquizado en la estructura mediática nacional, atribuyen a reformas laborales, conflictos, formas de flexibilización, condiciones de trabajo, resultan una variable interesante para explorar los procesos culturales de construcción del sentido común y de reproducción de estereotipos sociales, en contextos neoliberales.

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este artículo científico es comprender y debatir los efectos del discurso neoliberal que llevaron a reformas en las leyes laborales en algunos países del mundo como Alemania, España, Brasil, México, Reino Unido e Italia, desde la década de 1980 hasta los días actuales, en un análisis bibliográfica de artículos científicos que presentan las características del mercado laboral en cada país y las razones que fundamentar un cambio legislativo de menos garantías y derechos a los trabajadores, relacionando así los objetivos legales y los efectos reales en el mercado de trabajo. La pregunta de investigación es: ¿Que tipo de impacto en el mercado laboral ha generado las reformas en las leyes laborales en Alemania, España, Reino Unido, Italia, Brasil y México? ¿Cuáles fueron los resultados de las reformas laborales en estos países en términos de los criterios de considerados por Kallenberg (2009) para la precariedad laboral? Un especial enfoque al caso de la Reforma Laboral de 2012 en México y 2017 en Brasil de los indicadores de precarización del trabajo de la OIT. Particularmente, se vale aquí de fuentes secundarias bibliográficas con estadísticas nacionales y datos históricos para fines de identificar los cambios hechos y la precarización del trabajo RESUMO: O objetivo deste artigo científico é compreender e debater os efeitos do discurso neoliberal por meio de reformas nas leis trabalhistas em alguns países do mundo como Alemanha, Espanha, Brasil, México, Reino Unido e Itália, desde a década de 1980 até os dias atuais, em uma análise bibliográfica de artigos científicos que apresentam as características do mercado de trabalho em cada país, e as razões que fundamentaram uma mudança legislativa de menos garantias e direitos aos trabalhadores, assim, relacionando os objetivos legais e os efeitos reais no mercado trabalho. Um especial enfoque ao caso da Reforma Trabalhista de 2012 no México e 2017 no Brasil e dos indicadores de precarização do trabalho da OIT (Organização Internacional do Trabalho). A pregunta de investigacao é: Que tipo de impacto no mercado de trabalho a reforma nas leis trabalhistas geraram na Alemania, España, Reino Unido, Italia, Brasil y México? Quais foram os resultados da reforma trabalhista nestes países segundo os considerados por Kallenberg (2009) para a precariedade laboral? Em particular, utiliza fontes bibliográficas secundárias com estatísticas nacionais e dados históricos com o objetivo de identificar as mudanças realizadas e a precariedade do trabalho. ABSTRACT: The purpose of this scientific article is to understand and debate the effects of neoliberal discourse through labor law reforms in some countries of the world such as Germany, Spain, Brazil, Mexico, the United Kingdom and Italy, from the 1980s to the present day, in a bibliographical analysis of scientific articles that present the characteristics of the labor market in each country and the reasons that underlie a legislative change of less guarantees and rights to the workers, thus, relating the legal objectives and the real effects in the labor market. A special focus on the case of the 2012 Labor Reform in Mexico and 2017 in Brazil and the ILO (International Labor Organization) labor precariousness indicators. The research question is: What kind of impact on the labor market has labor law reform generated in Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom, Italy, Brazil and Mexico? What were the results of labor reform in these countries according to those considered by Kallenberg (2009) for labor precariousness? In particular, it uses secondary bibliographic sources with national statistics and historical data to identify changes made and the precariousness of work.

En los años 2011 a 2018 el Ministerio de Empleo y Seguridad Social tiene encomendada la propuesta y ejecución de la política del Gobierno en materia de empleo y de Seguridad Social, así como el desarrollo de la política del Gobierno en materia de extranjería, inmigración y emigración. El contexto de crisis económica y elevada tasa de desempleo que caracteriza el inicio de su mandato va a condicionar la acción de gobierno de los primeros años. En los cien primeros días de Gobierno se aprueba una controvertida reforma laboral que fue contestada con dos huelgas generales. La preocupación por el sistema de Seguridad Social obliga a adoptar medidas de estabilidad presupuestaria y de sostenibilidad del sistema de pensiones. El Ministerio también aprueba importantes medidas contra el desempleo, ocupando un lugar destacado la lucha contra el desempleo juvenil, y el apoyo al trabajo autónomo y a la Economía Social. Las políticas activas de empleo y la regulación de la formación profesional para el empleo también centran la atención del Gobierno. A la crisis económica sucedió una crisis política que obligó al Gobierno a mantenerse en funciones en la XI legislatura. En la XII legislatura se consolida la recuperación económica y del empleo, y la legislatura comienza con buenos pronósticos de diálogo social y con importantes medidas en la acción de gobierno. No obstante, el mandato gubernamental termina precipitadamente con la moción de censura en el mes de junio de 2018

Durante el periodo transcurrido entre 1996 y 2004 el Ministerio de Trabajo extendió sus competencias a nuevas parcelas de la política social, como la promoción de la igualdad por razón de sexo, la protección del menor o los servicios sociales de la tercera edad. En ese tiempo se llevaron a cabo diversas reformas de la legislación laboral, se introdujeron algunos reajustes en el sistema de pensiones, se aprobó una nueva regulación para la Inspección de Trabajo y se elaboraron nuevas leyes sobre la política de empleo y el trabajo de extranjeros. Muchas de esas intervenciones legales estuvieron precedidas de procesos de diálogo social y algunas de ellas entrañaron la incorporación de directrices de la Unión Europea. Tanto el salario mínimo como las pensiones experimentaron subidas moderadas.

The focus of this article is a recent round of workfare reform in Finland. Departing from many existing analyses of workfare, it focuses on issues of governance. Drawing on policy documents and interviews with key policy actors, it shows how this reform and attempts at implementation took place along the lines of a specific form of managerial governance, namely strategic governance, involving the enrolment of strategic management into policy making. The article details how this mode of policy making enabled an intensification and depoliticization of workfare policies via the replacement of political concerns with economic imperatives and in so doing contributed to the broader process of economization of the state. While the latter is often located as central to the project of neoliberalism, the practices through which it is instantiated often remain hazy. This article therefore contributes knowledge on how the process of the economization of the political operates in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This Works analyzes the economic foundation that motivated the presentation of a new Project of labor reform during the government of Argentinean President Mauricio Macri. For that, the article employs a historical perspective through the reconstruction of the transformations suffered by the labor legislation, specifically by the working contract law, which is the one that rules almost all of the labor agreement. The article also tackles the evolution of the labor relationships in the last decade and the initiatives of Argentinean entrepreneurship of achieving more favorable conditions for more flexible use of the workforce. The analysis shows that the labor reform is part of a mid-term strategy for improving the conditions for capital accumulation in Argentina, including an increase in the exploitation of the workforce. The methodology employed is based not only on the qualitative analysis of the legislation sources but also quantitative analysis of the national and worldwide statistical information. Several types of sources are used for that, such as labor legislation, agreements and covenants of different historical periods, national and international statistic series, and contributions made by other authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Sociología del Trabajo is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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El Fondo de Garantía Salarial (FOGASA) es una institución pública española que abona a los trabajadores, hasta unos límites, los salarios e indemnizaciones pendientes de pago cuando el empresario es insolvente y no puede hacerlo. Como todas las administraciones públicas, durante la reciente crisis FOGASA se ha visto afectado por la política de contención de gasto. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar si la reforma laboral del 2012, adoptada bajo la influencia de la estabilidad presupuestaria, ha tenido éxito e influido sobre las cuentas del FOGASA. Para ello, se estudian los presupuestos y se buscan, mediante un modelo de regresión lineal, las variables que mejor explican la evolución de sus gastos. Se encuentra que la evolución del PIB y otras variables económicas tiene mayor peso que la reducción de prestaciones.

Since Chile returned to democracy in 1990, centre-left governments have tried to reform the provisions on collective bargaining, strikes and unions established by the Pinochet dictatorship. Between 2015 and 2016 President Michelle Bachelet made the latest attempt to reform them. Despite favourable conditions, the changes were modest. This article explains why this is so. Drawing upon the notion of 'associational power' and through comparisons with labour reforms in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay, this article suggests that the imbalance between workers' and employers' collective power is key for explaining why pro-labour reforms fail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic policies must be subjected to scrutiny to allow successful policies to be reproduced and mistakes to be reversed. In Mexico, legislation that made the labor market more flexible was implemented and sufficient time has now passed to determine the effect this legislation has had on wages. The objective of this article is to estimate the impact of labor legislation on the wage gap between workers with written contracts and workers without written contracts, including both temporary and permanent workers. To this end, the difference-in-differences (DID) method was used to ascertain the causal impact of the labor legislation. Findings are interpreted within a framework described by Jaime Ros (Márquez and Ros, 1990; Ros, 2004 and 2019), one which is relevant to an economy with a labor surplus and the need for large investments to address low growth rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Opinião Jurídica is the property of Revista Opiniao Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)