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Background: The synanthropic house fly (Musca domestica) can potentially contribute to the mechanical spread of eggs of Taenia and Ascaris spp. in the environment and between hosts. However, the absence of validated protocols to recover eggs hampers an in-depth analysis of the house fly's role in parasite egg transmission. Methods: The gastrointestinal tract and exoskeleton of euthanized house flies were spiked with Taenia saginata eggs. The performance of several recovery protocols, in terms of both the recovery rate and ease-of-use, was (microscopically) evaluated and compared. These protocols employed steps such as washing, maceration, filtration, flotation and both passive and centrifugal sedimentation. The final validated protocols were subsequently evaluated for the recovery of Ascaris suum eggs. Results: The final protocol validated for the recovery of T. saginata eggs from the house fly's gastrointestinal tract involved homogenization in phosphate-buffered saline and centrifugation at 2000 g for 2 min, yielding a recovery rate of 79.7%. This protocol required 6.5 min to perform (which included 1.5 min of hands-on time) and removed large debris particles that could hinder the differentiation of eggs from debris. Similarly, the final protocol validated for the recovery of T. saginata eggs from the fly's exoskeleton involved washing by vortexing for 2 min in Tween 80 (0.05%), 15 min of passive sedimentation and centrifugation at 2000 g for 2 min, yielding a recovery rate of 77.4%. This protocol required 20.5 min to perform (which included 3.5 min of hands-on time) and successfully removed debris. The same protocols yielded recovery rates of 74.2% and 91.5% for the recovery of A. suum eggs from the fly's gastrointestinal tract and exoskeleton, respectively. Conclusions: Effective, simple and easy-to-use protocols were developed and validated for the recovery of T. saginata and A. suum eggs from the house fly's gastrointestinal tract and exoskeleton. These protocols can be applied to investigate the importance of flies as parasite egg transmitters in laboratory and field settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, threshold ECDSA schemes have received much attention from the security community, due to the need of efficient key management in the blockchain system. For the practical use of threshold cryptosystem, a key recovery protocol is essential for users who lost their own secret shares to recover them. It was studied for a long time in the proactive secret sharing area, but the main aim of recent studies in that area is to achieve stronger security and so they are immoderate for the currently existing threshold ECDSA schemes. In this paper, we provide a new key recovery protocol for threshold ECDSA schemes that is secure against static corruptions by malicious adversaries, as in the common adversary model of the state-of-the-art threshold ECDSA schemes. Our proposed protocol reduces both the computational and communication costs to $O(t^{2})$ from $O(t^{3})$ where $t$ is the threshold of the schemes, that is, the minimum number of users required for generating a valid signature. According to our experimental results, when $t=2$ with 128-bit security, while the previous result takes 10.46 ms in total for all computations (excluding the transmission time on the network), our protocol takes 4.21 ms, which improves by a factor of about 2.48 times. The advantage of our protocol over the previous result is bigger when $t$ is larger. For example, when $t=9$ with 128-bit security, while the previous result requires 333.42 ms in total for all computations, our protocol requires 56.61 ms, which outperforms the previous result by a factor of about 5.89 times.

Study Design: Retrospective review.Objective: The objective of this study was to report on one institution's use of single bolus micro-dose intrathecal morphine as part of a rapid recovery pathway during posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and its comparison to patients whose pain was controlled with patient-controlled analgesia (PCA).Summary Of Background Data: Narcotic substance addiction has risen across all patient populations, including pediatrics. Narcotics have been historically used in complex spine surgeries as a measure of pain control, predominantly provided as PCA and additional take-home medication.Methods: AIS patients undergoing PSF from 2015 to 2019 were reviewed. In 2018, we instituted a standardized rapid recovery pathway for scoliosis patients undergoing PSF utilizing micro-dose intrathecal morphine (ITM-RRP). Before this, traditional protocol with PCA was used for postoperative management. Perioperative data, morphine consumption and prescription refill requests were compared.Results: There were 373 AIS patients total in this study, of which 250 patients were in the PCA group and 123 in the ITM-RRP Group. Preoperative Cobb angles (P = 0.195), as well as levels fused (P = 0.481) and body mass index (P = 0.075) were similar. 69.4% of ITM-RRP patients had a length of stay ≤3 days, significantly >11.6% of PCA patients (P < 0.001). ITM-RRP patients began ambulating significantly earlier with 84.6% patients out of bed by postoperative day 1 versus 8% PCA patients (P < 0.001). Additionally, ITM-RRP patients had significantly lower VAS pain scores with activity and earlier initial bowel movements (P < 0.001).Postoperative emesis was similar (P = 0.11). No patients had pruritus, respiratory depression, or required supplemental oxygenation.Conclusion: This is the first study to show that a rapid recovery protocol utilizing single micro-dose ITM with oral analgesics have adequate recovery, significantly better postoperative pain control and superior perioperative outcomes to traditional protocols using PCA in the AIS population following PSF.Level of Evidence: 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the key components of the fuel cell stack is a metallic bipolar plate (MBP) that plays multiple roles, such as current collector, fuel and oxidant distributor, and mechanical support. However, corrosion and consequent metal elution are major drawbacks of the MBP because they diminish the efficiency and power performance of membrane-electrode assemblies (MEAs). Herein, we show that the crown ether (CE) additive can simultaneously inhibit surface corrosion of the MBP and act as a scavenger for eluted metal ions to alleviate contamination of other components. From the electrochemical measurement, high-resolution imaging, and elemental analysis, we have found that the CE undergoes electrolytic decomposition and makes an efficient protective layer in an in situ manner. This layer prevents direct contact between the MBP and electrolyte as well as the dissolution of metal ions into the electrolyte. In addition, we demonstrate that the CE can improve the recovery protocol of the MEA owing to the formation of host-guest complexes between the CE and metal cations. These results provide key insights into the design of high-performance MBPs for proton-exchange membrane fuel cells.

Reliability is one of the bigest challenges faced by service-oriented systems. Therefore, to solve this problem, we have proposed ReServE - Reliable Service Environment. ReServE increases fault-tolerance of SOA systems and ensures consistent processing despite failures. However, the proposed environment imposes also the performance overhead. Thus, in this paper, we extended ReServE and added a monitoring feature provided by the M3 service. As a consequence, the extended environment can adjust appropriately the load of its modules to the changing interaction and behaviour patterns of service oriented systems. We have experimentally shown that the proposed solution, while providing the required level of reliability, decreases significantly the performance overhead.

Pubalgic syndrome is a growing disease with an incidence of 10% -13% of all injuries suffered during a competitive year in 2011. Once installed, it has negative repercussions on the spatial-temporal parameters, eliminating them from the competitive activity and implicitly having a negative effect on the socio-economic situation of the athlete, but also on the capital of the club where he operates. The study was conducted on a batch of football players affected by the pubalgic syndrome (pubis osteitis). All study participants were evaluated both initially and finally. Between the two evaluations, they benefited from a kinetic treatment protocol. At the end of the initial evaluation, the data obtained were compared and processed using statistical programs. Both in comparison of the results and their processing with the help of the statistical programs showed that the treatment protocol had positive effects on the symptomatology generated by the pubalgic syndrome, but also to the socio-economic situation of the athlete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Osteoarthritis is a debilitating condition among the elder generation. It affects the joints causing joint deformity and swelling in the joint capsule long term. It leads to constant pain, stiffness, and limited mobility; thus, reducing the quality of life in these patients. Objective: Our focus was to analyze the results of the group that received an intensive postoperative recovery protocol compared to a control group following standard protocol. Material and methods: The research was conducted at the Mures County Clinical Hospital, department of Orthopedics. Inclusion criteria was age over 70, history of osteoarthritis and having undergone total hip arthroplasty. Patients were split into two groups. The first (72) followed a more intensive, targeted recovery protocol, meanwhile the second (56) followed a normal postoperative recovery protocol. To assess results following surgery we used the following: Harris Hip Score, WOMAC score, Dependency Score. The same evaluations were used during the six-month follow-up. Results: Despite pain intensity being higher during the first few days following the procedure, a notable improvement in mobility was observed in the group following an intensive recovery protocol, compared to the control group. At six-month follow-up, Harris Hip Score improved by an average of 24,8 points in the intensive recovery group, while in the control group improvement was 19,4 points. The WOMAC score of the patients receiving intensive recovery was lower by 26,2 points. Conclusions: Despite our research having a limited number of patients, it still managed to demonstrate the importance of a targeted and intensive postoperative recovery protocol among patients with total hip arthroplasty. Using this protocol allows patients to return to a normal, active life substantially faster, increases the patient's satisfaction, and improves the functional results of hip arthroplasty surgeries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The knee joint is frequently exposed to injuries, due to being superficially located. In time, its composing elements suffer degeneration, leaving space to the formation of gonarthrosis. Gonarthrosis is caused by an imbalance between the resistance of the structural components and the pressure put on them. In case the disease reaches its final stage, total knee arthroplasty is the only viable solution in order to offer the patient functional independence. After the surgical intervention, the physical therapist along with the entire team of specialists(doctor, social worker and the clinical psychologist) have to make the patient's body approve the implant and get back to the activities he used to do before surgery. The functional recovery is based on a six months recovery protocol, divided in three stages (acute, subacute and chronic), with the following objectives: preventing decubitus syndrome, countering pain, increasing the range of motion and the muscular strength, regaining functional independence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Intravenous (IV) opioids are administered for management of acute postoperative pain in the postanesthesia care unit. The benefits of parenteral oxycodone for acute pain management are understudied. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of IV oxycodone for acute postoperative pain. Design A systematic review of quantitative studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute approach. Methods A search for randomized controlled trials was conducted, revealing 314 potentially relevant studies. These were compared with the inclusion criteria. Those that met these criteria were critically appraised. Findings Participants (N = 506) in eight trials were included in this review. Four studies supported the use of IV oxycodone as patient-controlled analgesia and IV bolus. The remaining studies showed equipotent effects between oxycodone and control. Higher incidences of adverse effects were associated with IV oxycodone. Conclusions IV oxycodone can be considered as effective analgesia for acute postoperative pain with careful regards to its adverse effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this paper, we first challenge the accuracy of the so-called innovative assumption that is widely adopted in delay performance analysis of network-coding-based epidemic routing (NCER) in delay-tolerant networks (DTNs). We demonstrate that this optimistic assumption severely underestimates data delivery delay and solves this problem successfully by introducing an extra encounter factor $\delta$. Based on this, we propose a coloring process (CP)-based analytical model to evaluate the delay performance of NCER. Numerical results show that our CP-based method outperforms traditional ordinary differential equation (ODE)-based methods on estimating the delay performance under different network sizes. Furthermore, to mitigate potential competition among multiple data streams from different nodes, we propose a feedback-based recovery protocol (FRP) that takes advantage of finite buffer space and significantly reduces the number of ineffective transmissions between nodes. As a result, FRP can achieve much better delay performance compared with existing protocols in prior work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disaster response is largely about managing people. Human failings and vice can delay or derail library and archives recovery activities, causing irreparable damage to irreplaceable cultural property. Peter Waters' seven requirements for conducting successful disaster recoveries are contrasted with the Seven Deadly Sins to demonstrate the timeless nature of subversive factors at work in the disaster domain. Disaster planning is recommended as an indispensable alternative to running in circles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]