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In recent years, anger has emerged as a crucial category for analyzing contemporary political phenomena such as democratic elections, protests, collective violence, social movements, and crises of institutional representation. However, it has also become a vague or empty signifier among commentators and journalists trying to describe these events. This article begins with a brief philosophical overview of anger, tracing its evolution from Greco-Roman antiquity to the French Revolution. This historical journey sets the stage for the second part, where the article proposes a conceptualization of political anger through three contemporary shifts: first, a shift toward a realistic understanding that diminishes the relevance of the negationist perspective rooted in ancient and Enlightenment moral, philosophical, and theological views; second, a shift toward a collective and political dimension that has overshadowed individual ethical or religious interpretations; and third, a shift toward the ethical and moral legitimization of anger. For political anger to transcend its status as an empty signifier, as has often happened in Western public debate since 2016, it must be conceptualized as an emotion that is explanatory—identifying the passionate motivation or justice-driven response behind countless recent political phenomena—political—recognizing the latent presence of thymos in various contemporary expressions—and comparative— considering historical, geographical, national contexts and related emotions like hatred and resentment. The ways in which anger is used, abused, expressed, and represented are shaped by the contexts, actors, and causes in which it is experienced as a potentially explosive passion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the COVID-19 pandemic, efforts have gradually been focused on medical care, epidemiological surveillance, and preventive health programs. An example of this is the identification during 2023 by the Epidemiological Surveillance System [of Mexico] of the increase in dengue cases and the presence of serotype 3, as well as cases of measles (imported and related to importation) and, at the same time, cases of human rabies with transmission from pet animals. Mexico's health system has been characterized by achievements in vaccine-preventable pathologies, as well as the robust epidemiological surveillance system for febrile exanthematous illness and vector-transmitted diseases. In this essay, the previous and current situation of selected diseases in Mexico in the post-pandemic stage of COVID-19 is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hairy-legged vampire bat, Diphylla ecaudata, is a relatively rare, poorly known, and specialized species that feeds primarily on the blood of birds. We studied a large colony of D. ecaudata rosting with the common hematophagous bats Desmodus rotundus, in a brick house in São Paulo, a large metropolis in southeastern Brazil. The colony size varied from 68 individuals in July 2011 to 21 in February 2014, and females were slightly larger than males. This is the first record of a large group of D. ecaudata sheltering in a man-made structure in Brazil and the first largest group of the species recorded in the country. As a rabies control measure, some animals were subjected to fluorescent antibody and mouse inoculation tests. Blood samples were collected from 24 animals, and the sera were tested for the presence of rabies antibodies using a simplified fluorescent inhibition microtest. No bat tested positive for rabies. Using 0.5 IU/ml as the cut-off, the prevalence of rabies antibodies was 58.8% in D. ecaudata and 83.0% in D. rotundus. The expressive levels of rabies antibodies indicate that the rabies virus actively circulates between the two species. El murciélago vampiro patas peludas, Diphylla ecaudata, es una especie especializada, relativamente rara y poco conocida, que se alimenta principalmente de sangre de aves. Estudiamos una gran colonia de D. ecaudata cohabitando con el murciélago vampiro común Desmodus rotundus en una casa de ladrillos en la ciudad de São Paulo, una gran metrópolis en el sureste de Brasil. El tamaño de la colonia varió de 68 individuos en julio de 2011 a 21 en febrero de 2014, y las hembras fueron ligeramente más numerosas que los machos. Este es el primer registro de un grupo grande de D. ecaudata ocupando una estructura artificial en Brasil y el primer registro de un grupo tan grande de la especie en el país. Como medida de control de la rabia, algunos animales fueron sometidos a pruebas de anticuerpos fluorescentes y de inoculación utilizadas en ratones. Se recolectaron muestras de sangre de 24 animales y los sueros se analizaron para detectar la presencia de anticuerpos contra la rabia mediante una microprueba de inhibición fluorescente simplificada. Ningún murciélago dio positivo por rabia. Utilizando 0,5 UI/ml como punto de corte, la prevalencia de anticuerpos contra la rabia fue del 58,8% en D. ecaudata y del 83,0% en D. rotundus. Los niveles de expresión de anticuerpos contra la rabia indican que el virus de la rabia circula activamente entre las dos especies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El objetivo de la investigación fue comprender la movilización socioambiental popular y étnica, para lo cual se partió del sustrato emocional de las resistencias y del lugar de las emociones en las identidades de las movilizaciones de líderes del norte del Cauca y sur del Valle del Cauca. El análisis fue hermenéutico. La narrativa utilizada se interpretó con los siguientes atributos, “Yo sintiente”, “Otro generalizado” y “Nosotros”, construidos desde el interaccionismo simbólico a partir de las dimensiones tiempo, territorio, fuerza narrativa. Se concluye que la rabia histórica contrasta con el miedo a las amenazas de las comunidades y se convierte en el motor de las luchas. Además, la alegría debe ser el resultado de reconocer lo que los identifica, así como examinar lo que históricamente les ha causado dolor. La felicidad no es la del opresor, sino de quien lucha por la libertad en pluralidad.

La rabia fue descrita desde 2300 a. C. y actualmente es la causa de muerte de aproximadamente 60 000 personas en el mundo al año, principalmente en el continente asiático y africano. Es un virus ARN, neurotropo, de la familia Lyssavirus. Se considera una enfermedad zoonótica, transmitida principalmente por perros y murciélagos. Al ser un virus con tropismo neurológico, viaja retrógradamente hasta el sistema nervioso central. Las manifestaciones clínicas se presentan según los nervios a los que se disemina. Si afecta las glándulas salivales, logra transmitirse a otros organismos y perpetuar su ciclo. Su periodo de incubación oscila entre dos semanas y siete años. Abarca la fase de incubación, prodrómica y neurológica aguda. El espectro clínico neurológico es amplio; destaca la encefalitis, hidrofobia y aerofobia. Además, puede presentar episodios paralíticos que desencadenan la muerte. Por otro parte, el diagnóstico se confirma por pruebas de laboratorio. Incluso, en muchas ocasiones el diagnóstico de certeza se establece post mortem con muestras del tejido cerebral. Hoy en día no se ha descrito un medicamento que revierta la totalidad de la sintomatología. Sin embargo, se han documentado métodos como la profilaxis pre y post exposición. Asociado a ello, hace casi dos décadas se implementó el protocolo Milwaukee; lineamiento con el que la paciente inicial sobrevivió, pero con importantes secuelas neurológicas. Cabe recalcar que la rabia se busca erradicar por medio de la vacunación. Por lo que es fundamental hacer consciencia sobre los beneficios de esta. Por lo que el objetivo de esta revisión es actualizar y dar a conocer al lector información concisa y relevante sobre la rabia.

La rabia es una enfermedad vírica prevenible mediante la inmunización. Esta afecta a personas de más de 150 países ocasionando decenas de defunciones, principalmente en los continentes de Asia y África. El 40 % de casos se dan en niños menores de 15 años, siendo el perro es la principal fuente de contagio a humanos y del 99% de las muertes por esa causa; así, la vacunación de estos animales resulta la principal medida preventiva que se recomienda.

Este estudio examina la serie Vis a Vis a partir de la operacionalización del concepto de anger competence (Chemaly 2018), que remite a la capacitación de los sujetos para expresar la rabia. Pero la ponemos en diálogo con Lorde (1981), quien la considera “productiva” solo cuando transforma condiciones de violencia y/o injusticia. En ese sentido, sostenemos que la serie no reproduce la habitual estigmatización de la ira femenina, sino que legitima su expresión como respuesta a la misoginia y desvela las prácticas y estructuras de su(b)je(tiva)ción desde una perspectiva interseccional. Para demostrarlo, abordamos cómo se construye el sujeto enfurecido a través de los ejes de clase y raza, lo que la mediatización de la rabia revela y los efectos de esta.

To describe the clinical progression and medical protocols applied in a 41 year old man who was bited by a bat three months before. The patient did not ask for medical care until acute tremor and pain in the right thoracic limb and hydrophobia started. For a history of a wild animal bite associated with a unique clinical condition, we suspected of rabies encephalitis, confirming the diagnostic by pathology after his death. This case ocurred in Guadalajara, Jalisco, México, in April, 2022. The last case of human rabies reported in Jalisco secondary to bat bite was almost 30 years ago. As an uncomon disease, medical personnel and facilities should be prepared to attend this sort of cases after clinical suspicion. For the present case, the medical history was the key for diagnosis. Rabies is a disease caused by the neurotropic virus belonging to the Rhabdoviridae family whose prognosis is bleak, with mortality close to 100% and therapeutic options limited. This case emphasizes the high mortality of rabies virus infection and the importance of increasing awareness and education to the public in general, with regard to applying the vaccine as post-exposure prophylaxis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Estudiantil AGRO - VET is the property of Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La rabia o hidrofobia es una zoonosis producida por el Lyssavirus, de la familia Rhabdoviridae. Se trata de una enfermedad infecciosa, que ha preocupado desde épocas muy antiguas, por el temor que despertaba en el hombre, y que no se extinguió ni con el descubrimiento de la vacuna en 1885. Nuestro principal objetivo es su estudio en el ámbito de la América hispana, con sus peculiaridades respecto del mundo europeo, tanto en su aparición como desarrollo y solucione médicas y supersticiosas. Por tanto, nos interesarán, además de las manifestaciones de la enfermedad, los aspectos sociales y culturales que generaba, incluso en referencia al criollismo con la promoción de remedios puramente americanos. En consecuencia hemos utilizado una bibliografía selectiva y hemos consultado, bibliotecas, hemerotecas y archivos americanos y españoles, en los que hemos obtenido los materiales necesarios para llegar a unas conclusiones en que se hacen matizaciones a lo ya dicho, especialmente por los científicos experimentales, apreciando el influjo que la enfermedad tenía no solo en el individuo, sino en la sociedad que le rodeaba y en los poderes del estado, obligados a tomar decisiones acordes con el problema.

Se efectuó una búsqueda bibliográfica exhaustiva sobre epidemiologia, vigilancia epidemiológica y estrategias de control de Rabia variante 4 transmitida por murciélagos insectívoros. Asimismo, como estudio de caso se efectuó un estudio retrospectivo de murciélagos insectívoros capturados por vigilancia pasiva y analizados para determinar presencia de virus rábico en la Provincia de Río Negro, Argentina. El objetivo fue actualizar la información sobre la epidemiologia de la rabia variante 4 y analizar la eficacia de las medidas de control habitualmente recomendadas por los servicios de salud. La revisión efectuada muestra en Sudamérica solo 5 notificaciones correspondientes a caninos y felinos entre 2009 y 2019 y en relación a las personas, se reportaron tres casos: en Chile en 1963 y 2013 y uno en Colombia en 2012. La identificación de murciélagos insectívoros portadores de rabia varia del del 4% al 15%. Por su parte, el servicio de salud pública veterinaria del Ministerio de Salud de Rio Negro recogió murciélagos insectívoros a partir de actividades de vigilancia pasiva. Los murciélagos fueron remitidos al Laboratorio del Instituto Luis Pasteur de la ciudad de Buenos Aires para identificación de virus rábico. Se analizaron un total de 294 quirópteros insectívoros en 26 localidades. La proporción de infectados fue del 14,6% (IC95% 9,5-17,8) aunque sin casos en perros, gatos o personas. Los murciélagos insectívoros pueden ser un factor de riesgo para caninos, felinos y seres humanos, aunque las notificaciones de casos a variante 4 en estas especies es extremadamente bajo en América del Sur por lo que parece requerirse una evaluación de la estrategia de control recomendada y aplicada hasta el momento por no ser costo - efectiva, e implicar crecientes costos operativos en recursos financieros y humanos, proponiéndose alternativas más eficientes de control de riesgos.

Copyright of Psocial is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Psicologia Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Son dönemde İslam dünyasında yaşanan olumsuzluklar bir tarafa Yemen, yıllardır iç çatışmalar ve bunun sonucu olan açlık ve sefalet ile gündemdeki yerini korumaya devam etmektedir. Her geçen gün yarasının daha da derinleştiği görülmektedir. Aslında Yemen, köklü geçmişiyle büyük sahâbîler ve âlimlerle anılan önemli bir İslam beldesidir. Hadis kaynaklarımızda Yemen ve Yemenlilerle ilgili birçok rivâyete rastlamak mümkündür. Bu bağlamda Hz. Peygamber’in Yemen cihetini işaret ederek, “İmanın ve hikmetin Yemen’li olduğunu” belirttiği rivâyetler öne çıkmaktadır. Bunların birden çok sahâbîden geliyor olması ayrıca önemlidir. Özellikle Yemen’in ve Yemenlilerin günümüzdeki durumu, dikkatlerimizi bu rivâyetlere çekmiştir. Bu rivâyetlerin tespit ve delalet yönünden incelenmeleri doğru anlaşılmalarına katkı sağlayacağı gibi farklı taraflara çekilmelerinin de önüne geçecektir. Zira genel anlamda rivâyetlerin sıhhat durumlarının göz ardı edilmesi veya bağlamlarından koparılarak yanlış anlamlar yüklenmesi günümüzün önemli hadis problemleri arasındaki yerini korumaktadır. Çalışmada Yemen’i ve Yemenlileri öven rivâyetler tespit ve delalet yönünden ele alınmış, bunların geçtiği kaynaklar tespit edildikten sonra sahâbî raviler esas alınarak sened ve metin tahlilleri yapılmıştır. Amaç bu rivâyetlerin doğru anlaşılmaları ve değerlendirilmelerine katkı sunmaktır. Temel hadis kaynakları başta olmak üzere birçok eserde yer aldıkları görülen bu övgülerin, Hz. Peygamber dönemindeki güzel huylu Yemenlilere yönelik söylendiği, sonraki insanlara teşmil etmenin isabetli olmayacağı kanaatine varılmıştır.

Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de las mordeduras de mamíferos en el distrito de Ate, Lima-Perú. Método: Estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo. Se analizaron 721 fichas de atenciones de pacientes mordidos en el distrito de Ate (Lima-Perú), durante el periodo 2015-2018. Se estimó la casualidad mediante el odds ratio (OR) y la asociación estadística con la prueba de Chi cuadrado. Resultados: El 53,6% de los casos fueron en hombres. La media de la edad fue 29,6 años. Asimismo, el 95% de los ataques fueron causados por perros. No obstante, los niños entre 0 y 11 años (OR:1,78; IC: 1,26-2,49) tuvieron un mayor riesgo de ser mordidos por animales conocidos en la región craneofacial (OR: 2,31; IC: 1,34-3,98). Conclusión: Los resultados permitieron identificar que las características de las lesiones por mordeduras de mamíferos varían según la especie agresora, edad y género de la víctima.

Rabies is a deadly neurotropic viral infection but is preventable through vaccination. Its impact on human and animal health is often devastating. Despite advances in research and control of this disease, along with an effective vaccine, rabies continues to be a lingering threat in many parts of the world. Its high incidence reinforces the constant need to address it with scientific and public health measures. In this review article, we will explore the most important characteristics of the disease, its distribution, symptoms, prevention methods, and the global efforts that have been made to eradicate this deadly disease. The most recent research and advancements in the field of rabies will also be discussed in an effort to understand and combat this deadly disease more effectively., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

En la condición humana convergen dos fuerzas constitutivas: la razón y las emociones. Sin embargo, a lo largo de la historia, con mayor o menor intensidad, ha prevalecido la constante de separar, cuando no subsumir, una de estas fuerzas en la otra. La balanza se ha inclinado en exceso a favor de la razón, al punto que se va por el mundo a medio andar, luego de haber confinado en el recoveco de lo “peligroso”, lo “caótico” y lo “irrazonable” la otra mitad de lo que somos: emociones y sentimientos. Una de las emociones que más se ha censurado es la rabia. Este artículo de reflexión descree de la lectura dominante, reafirma su potencial transformador y la asume como emoción política. Para hacerlo, se trazan vasos comunicantes entre la filosofía política y la literatura a partir de una interpretación del relato de Von Kleist titulado Michael Kohlhaas, buscando flexibilizar las fronteras imaginarias entre realidad y ficción.

Irresponsible dog and cat ownership and lack of knowledge about the diseases they transmit can put people's health at risk and make it difficult to implement control programs. The aim of the present study was to describe companion animal ownership and knowledge and practices related to zoonosis exposure among villagers in La Coipa district, Cajamarca, Peru, in 2019. The study, undertaken on a survey basis, collected information on the characteristics of dog and cat ownership, as well as knowledge and practices regarding exposure to zoonoses from companion animals, biting accidents, and the presence of stray dogs. A total of 280 people were interviewed: 46.4% from urban areas and 53.6% from rural areas. Respectively, 70.7% and 50.7% owned dogs and cats. The person: dog ratio was 3 and person: cat ratio was 5. The main use of the dog was as a guardian and of the cat was as a biological rodent controller. The 83.3 % of dog owners vaccinated their dogs against rabies. 64.4% controlled the reproduction of dogs and cats by confinement. 60.9% stated that they had suffered a dog bite. The 98.2% indicated that stray dogs were a problem and 70% considered that these dogs had owners. It is concluded that the population studied requires training in pet ownership to improve animal welfare, as well as to reduce the exposure of people to zoonosis, bite accidents and environmental contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective/Context: What effect do the emotions conveyed by the candidates have on the voters? In electoral campaigns, candidates not only inform voters of their positions in public policies or the political party they represent; they also convey emotions. In this work, we investigate the effect that these emotions have on voting. Methodology: Two survey experiments were designed and fielded to a representative sample of the population residing in Chile during May and June 2019. These experiments allow us to evaluate how the emotions transmitted by the candidates, through their faces and political speech, can affect the preference for a candidate. Conclusions: The results show that the valence of emotions is a relevant factor in voting decisions, particularly when transmitted through facial expressions. Positive emotions increase the probability of voting for a candidate. When we consider the emotions conveyed through speech, we find that positive emotion about the future increases the likelihood of voting for that candidate. Originality: This work makes two contributions. On the one hand, it contributes to the study of the impact of emotions in Latin America. On the other hand, the use of experiments allows evaluating the effect of the emotions transmitted by the candidates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rabies, historically called hydrophobia, is a type of zoonosis caused by Lyssavirus, of the Rhabdoviridae family. It is an infectious disease that has caused concern since ancient times, due to the fear that it has produced, and which did not cease despite the discovery of a vaccine in 1885. The main objective of this article is the study of this disease in the context of Hispanic America, with its contrasts with respect to the European world, in its origin and development, as well as its medical and superstitious solutions. Therefore, it is of interest, in addition to the manifestations of the disease, the social and cultural aspects that it generated, including, in reference to criollismo, the promotion of purely American remedies. Consequently, a selective bibliography was used and American and Spanish libraries, newspaper libraries and archives were consulted from which were obtained the necessary materials to reach some conclusions that nuance what has already been stated, especially by experimental scientists, paying attention to the influence that the disease had, not only on the individual, but also on the society around them, and on the powers of the state, which was forced to make decisions in accordance with the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciencia Política is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Estudiantil AGRO - VET is the property of Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En el siglo pasado la rabia canina fue endémica en nuestro país. En la década de los 1990's, el Perú implementó el plan de acción para la eliminación de la rabia urbana por recomendación de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud, logrando un control exitoso de la rabia. Pese a los esfuerzos desplegados, Puno mantuvo focos endémicos persistentes, y en el 2014, Arequipa reportó el primer evento de reintroducción de rabia urbana en Latinoamérica. El brote de rabia se intensificó en los últimos años en Arequipa, Puno y Cusco, con 19 casos de rabia canina el 2015, a 59 casos el 2016, continuando el 2017 con 47 casos, el 2018 con 46, y hasta julio del 2019, 17 casos. Así, hubo reintroducción de la rabia canina, estableciendo una situación de alta endemicidad no controlada. En el presente reporte, abordamos el contexto y persistencia de la reemergencia de la rabia canina en el sur del Perú.

Fundamento: la rabia es una enfermedad viral con una mortalidad cercana al 100 %, pero evitable mediante la vacunación. Objetivo: describir los aspectos clínicos y epidemiológicos de la rabia en la provincia Cienfuegos, en los años 2016 y 2017. Métodos: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de todos los pacientes lesionados por animales en la provincia de Cienfuegos, durante el periodo comprendido de enero del 2016 a diciembre del 2017. Se analizaron las variables: municipios de ocurrencia, gravedad de la lesión, grupos de edades, tipo de animal lesionador, tratamiento antirrábico, saneamiento canino y vigilancia de la rabia. La fuente primaria de obtención de la información fue la revisión de las tarjetas de notificación del lesionado en las áreas de salud de la Provincia Cienfuegos y datos del Departamento de Estadística del Centro Provincial de Higiene Epidemiologia y Microbiología de Cienfuegos. Resultados: se reportaron 2 577 lesionados; Lajas fue el municipio de más reportes en el 2016 y Palmira en el 2017; se mantiene elevado el riesgo de los humanos para contraer rabia; el 87,5 % de las lesiones fueron producidas por caninos, de ellos el 35,2 % son perros callejeros. Las mayores tasas las tienen las edades pediátricas de 5-9 años; predominaron las lesiones leves y la actividad de saneamiento fue superior en el 2017. Conclusiones: aún existen dificultades en cuanto a la prevención y control de la rabia por lo que es importante trabajar en las deficiencias para evitar la aparición de casos teniendo en cuenta la elevada letalidad de esta enfermedad.

Foundation: rabies is a viral disease with a mortality of almost 100%, but avoidable by vaccination. Objective: To describe clinical and epidemiological aspects of rabies in the province of Cienfuegos, in the years 2016 and 2017. Methods: retrospective descriptive study of all the patients injured by animals in the province of Cienfuegos, during the period from January 2016 to December 2017. The variables analyzed were: municipalities of occurrence, injury severity, age groups, type of animal injury, rabies treatment, canine sanitation and rabies surveillance. The primary source for obtaining the information was injured patient´s notification cards review in the health areas of the Cienfuegos Province and data from the Department of Statistics of the Provincial Center for Hygiene Epidemiology and Microbiology of Cienfuegos. Results: 2 577 injured were reported; Lajas was the municipality with the highest number of reports in 2016 and Palmira in 2017; the risk of humans to get rabies is kept high; 87.5% of the injuries were produced by canines, of which 35.2% are street dogs. The 5-9 years pediatric ages have the highest rates; slight injuries predominated and sanitation activity was higher in 2017. Conclusion: there are still difficulties in the prevention and control of rabies, so it is important to work on the deficiencies to avoid the occurrence of cases taking into account the high lethality of this disease.

La rabia es una enfermedad viral zoonótica ocasionada por un virus ARN del género Lyssavirus de la familia Rhabdoviridae, su principal transmisor es el Desmodus rotundus; la transmisión acontece por penetración del virus contenido en la saliva del transmisor infectado. Una vez inoculado el virus rábico por mordedura de un animal infectado, se produce la primera replicación in situ del virus en las células musculares estriadas, los husos o placas neuromusculares facilitan el acceso del virus a las terminales nerviosas, que se dirige en forma centrípeta hacia la médula espinal y encéfalo. Los principales síntomas incluyen: depresión, incoordinación, paresia de los miembros, decúbito esternal y lateral, opistótonos, salivación abundante, mugidos constantes, agresividad, hiperexcitabilidad, hiperestesia, prurito intenso, manifestaciones de irritación cutánea y muerte. El objetivo del trabajo fue describir las alteraciones histológicas en el SNC (sistema nervioso central) y complejo GHR (ganglio de gasser, hipófisis y rete de mirabile) en un bovino con síntomas neurológicos. Un establecimiento de la ciudad de Valenzuela (en el departamento de Cordillera, Paraguay) presentó muertes en bovinos con manifestaciones neurológicas. Se realizó la necropsia y análisis histopatológico del sistema nervioso central de un bovino criollo, hembra de 5 años. Los principales hallazgos microscópicos incluyeron: infiltrado inflamatorio perivascular mononuclear linfoplasmocitario tipo manguito perivascular, proliferación difusa de células gliales, aislados nódulos gliales, nódulos neuronofágicos, células satélites alrededor de neuronas, células de Purkinje alrededor del cerebelo con uno a varios corpúsculos de Negri en el citoplasma, el complejo de ganglio de Gasser, la rete mirabile e hipófisis con proliferación de células satélites, nódulos neuronofágicos y ganglionitis multifocal no supurativa, neuronas con cambios degenerativos similares a lo identificado en cerebelo, tálamo, cerebro y médula espinal, con presencia de corpúsculo eosinofílico de Negri en el citoplasma de algunas neuronas. Considerando el historial clínico del establecimiento y los hallazgos histopatológicos se concluye con un cuadro severo de daño neurológico a partir de una infección por el virus de la Rabia. Es imprescindible implementar programas estrictos de vacunación profiláctica en establecimientos ganaderos e instar a la denuncia obligatoria a la institución nacional de vigilancia epidemiológica (SENACSA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An exhaustive bibliographic search was carried out on epidemiology, surveillance and control strategies for Rabies variant 4 transmitted by insectivorous bats. Likewise, as a case study, a retrospective study of insectivorous bats captured by passive surveillance and analyzed to determine the presence of rabies virus was carried out in the Province of Río Negro, Argentina. The objective was to update the information on the epidemiology of rabies variant 4 and to analyze the effectiveness of the control measures usually recommended by health services. The review carried out shows only 5 notifications in South America corresponding to canines and felines between 2009 and 2019 and with regard to people, three cases were reported: in Chile in 1963 and 2013 and in Colombia in 2012. The identification of insectivorous bats carrying rabies ranges from 4% to 15%. For its part, the veterinary public health service of the Health Ministry of Rio Negro collected insectivorous bats from passive surveillance activities. The bats were sent to the Laboratory of the Luis Pasteur Institute in the city of Buenos Aires for identification of rabies virus. A total of 294 insectivorous bats were analyzed in 26 locations. The proportion of the infected ones was 14.6% (95% CI 9.5-17.8) although there were no cases in dogs, cats or people. Insectivorous bats can be a risk factor for canines, felines, and humans, although notifications of variant 4 cases in these species are extremely low in South America, so an evaluation of the recommended and applied control strategy seems to be required, so far, as it is not cost-effective, and involves increasing operating costs in financial and human resources, proposing more efficient risk control alternatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En este artículo se analizan los procesos en los cuales se fue ordenando la vida urbana en Puerto Rico a partir de los Bandos de Policía y Buen Gobierno y de sus ideales de la higiene pública. Se enfoca, principalmente, en uno de los problemas no resuelto por los gobiernos locales a finales del siglo XIX: el control de los perros realengos y la propagación de la rabia. Se presenta el proceso en el cual el perro se incorporó a la vida urbana; se muestra cómo se reglamentó su presencia y cómo se intentó eliminar cuando se convirtió en un problema para la salud de la población. Se utiliza el fracaso en el manejo de esta enfermedad contagiosa para evidenciar las limitaciones que tuvieron la policía sanitaria y el gobierno de los alcaldes. Si bien es cierto que estos ordenamientos urbanos se habían copiado de lo que se había hecho en algunas ciudades europeas a finales del siglo XVIII, en Puerto Rico no se pusieron en práctica todas esas ideas al mismo tiempo.

Objective/Context: This article studies the crime committed by María Teresa Landa, the first national beauty queen, against her husband, General Moisés Vidal, on Sunday, August 25, 1929, in Mexico City. It also analyzes the criminal trial that followed, which set the stage for essential debates on the condition of women and frankly highlighted the confrontation between tradition and modernity in post-revolutionary Mexico. Methodology: The text describes the event and analyzes the context and the legal and emotional considerations that led to the acquittal of the accused. Originality: Although the Landa case has been the subject of numerous studies, historiography has not dealt with the emotional aspects of the process, which allow us to delve into details of Landa's situation and discover new elements that accompanied her acquittal by the authorities. Conclusions: María Teresa Landa was acquitted by a popular jury that defined her action as a crime of passion. However, the trial revealed the reluctance to accept that a woman could avenge her honor. As a great paradox, the Government and the post-revolutionary society, which promoted so many changes, refused to accept any alteration in the political and cultural status of Mexican women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Historical & Cultural Studies an Academic Magazine is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this case study is to report the presence of rabies in three Cuniculus paca specimens, of kept in captivity, in Yucatan, Mexico. The specimens' clinical signs were recorded before the death of each one, the brain was collected and sent to a certified animal pathology laboratory, to detect the Lyssavirus nucleoprotein by the immunofluorescence technique. The clinical picture of each of the affected specimens was described. The results showed positivity to the immune reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article reconsiders the role of forgiveness in the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). Following the preface, the article situates forgiveness within the Lacanian psychoanalytic registers of real, symbolic and imaginary. These dimensions of forgiveness are presented in dialogical style in order to reflect the spirit of dialogue and voice in accordance with which the TRC took place. Part 6 takes up the discursive problematic of forgiveness and submits it to the genealogy of the TRC as produced by Adam Sitze (2013). Drawing on Sitze, I offer a novel understanding of forgiveness, namely as a Foucaultian norm integral to a biopolitical imperative (here, the imperative of peace). In the concluding parts, I return to the psychoanalytic paradigm in order to consider whether we can nevertheless recognise a certain ‘surplus’ forgiveness in and around the TRC. Whether this may be the case in spite, or because of, the biopolitical deployment of forgiveness, remains an open question.Este artículo reconsidera el papel del perdón en la Comisión de la Verdad y la Reconciliación de Sudáfrica (CVR). Tras la introducción, el artículo sitúa el perdón dentro de los registros psicoanalíticos lacanianos de lo real, lo simbólico y lo imaginario. Estas dimensiones del perdón se presentan en un estilo dialógico para reflejar el espíritu de diálogo y voz con el que tuvo lugar la CVR. La Parte 6 aborda la problemática discursiva del perdón y la somete a la genealogía de la CVR, como la planteó Adam Sitze (2013). A partir de Sitze, se ofrece una nueva visión del perdón, concretamente como una norma focaultiana integral de imperativo biopolítico (en este caso, el imperativo de la paz). En las conclusiones, se vuelve al paradigma psicoanalítico para considerar si se puede identificar un cierto "excedente" de perdón en y alrededor de la CVR. si esto puede ser el caso a pesar de, o debido al uso biopolítico del perdón sigue siendo una pregunta abierta.DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2975311

In the Peruvian city of Arequipa, rabid dogs have been detected since March 2015, signaling the reintroduction of the rabies virus (RV) in this previously officially-declared rabies free zone. High dog density is considered one of the causes for the continuous transmission of the RV in the outbreak in the city of Arequipa, which seemingly lends support to the culling of dogs as a public health measure. However, the effectiveness of culling free-roaming dogs to control urban rabies has not been evaluated. Objective to determine the effectiveness of free-roaming dog culling as a control measure of urban rabies. Source of data: We searched for articles on dog rabies control or urban rabies control in the databases of PubMed, Scopus and LILACS. The characteristics and results of the documents obtained were recorded. Eligibility criteria: We included original studies and reviews that have evaluated an effect of culling dogs in the transmission of RV. Data collection and evaluation: One of the authors (RCN) screened the articles found in the search based on their titles and abstracts. The data and results of the articles selected for full reading were evaluated by at least two authors. Results: 21 articles were eligible for full reading. 20 of 21 articles conclude that free-roaming dog culling is ineffective in reducing the transmission of RV and may even have unintended consequences that worsen the problem. We believe that the available evidence indicates that the sacrifice of free-roaming dogs is not effective to control urban rabies. In addition, the various negative consequences of free-roaming dog culling reported in other parts of the world suggest that the system of urban rabies is highly complex and all its components must be taken into account during the implementation of control activities.

Surveillance, prevention and control of the rabies are a priority in public health, especially when it is transmitted by dogs (variant 1) and by wild animals. This research intended to describe the epidemiological behavior of these events during 2012-2016 in the Casanare Province (Colombia). It is a retrospective descriptive study based on the cases reported to the National Surveillance System for Public Health Sivigila . The study variables are: a) socio-demographics; b) aggression/contact; c) exposure; d) immunization; and e) treatment. Application of descriptive statistics and calculation of surveillance indicators: Data were analyzed using the statistical software Epi- the cases in Casanare were distributed as follows: 2012 (1229; 20.4%), 2013 (1180;19.5%), 2014 (1227; 20.3%); 2015 (1153;19.1%), 2016 (1247; 20.7%). Out of them 72.5% were in the urban area; 55.4% were male subjects; average age was 24.3 (± 20.7) being the lowest age 0.01 and the highest 97 years and 40.7% were in the 5-19-year range; 37.5% were students, 13.3% housewives, 5.4% minors, and 19.4% had reported occupation (to wit, 29.8% (349/1172) farmers; 1.5% hospital patients; all of them alive). The 80.6% (721/894) with mild exposure were appropriately treated, 4.3% (37/894) were administered anti-rabies serum. The 91.1% (653/717) with serious exposure were appropriately treated. The 26.7% (1611/6036) of the cases were exposed to the rabies virus. Incidence per each 100,000 inhabitants exposed to the rabies was as follows: 2012-2016, 344.8 cases; hospitalization rate 11.5/100,000. It was found a non-compliance with the appropriate treatment indicator, i.e., the cases rated as mild exposure required administering only five doses of rabies vaccine (full vaccine scheme), and the cases rated as serious exposure required administering the full vaccine scheme plus the anti-rabies serum. It is recommended to keep/maintain the event surveillance activities as well as the efforts to prevent the human rabies transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foundation: rabies is a viral disease with a mortality of almost 100%, but avoidable by vaccination. Objective: To describe clinical and epidemiological aspects of rabies in the province of Cienfuegos, in the years 2016 and 2017. Methods: retrospective descriptive study of all the patients injured by animals in the province of Cienfuegos, during the period from January 2016 to December 2017. The variables analyzed were: municipalities of occurrence, injury severity, age groups, type of animal injury, rabies treatment, canine sanitation and rabies surveillance. The primary source for obtaining the information was injured patient's notification cards review in the health areas of the Cienfuegos Province and data from the Department of Statistics of the Provincial Center for Hygiene Epidemiology and Microbiology of Cienfuegos. Results: 2 577 injured were reported; Lajas was the municipality with the highest number of reports in 2016 and Palmira in 2017; the risk of humans to get rabies is kept high; 87.5% of the injuries were produced by canines, of which 35.2% are street dogs. The 5-9 years pediatric ages have the highest rates; slight injuries predominated and sanitation activity was higher in 2017. Conclusion: there are still difficulties in the prevention and control of rabies, so it is important to work on the deficiencies to avoid the occurrence of cases taking into account the high lethality of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rabies is highly contagious and has a mortality close to 100%. Patients who have the disease, manifest very severe symptoms such as irritability and excessive pain. The efforts of worldwide vaccination of companion animals have allowed control of the disease, practically leading to eradication. This status is lost if we do not consider that not only pets can transmit the disease. There is probability of human contagion through wildlife. In the present work, the intention was to determine the main source of contagion that causes the nations to lose the status of eradication of rabies. Findings show that a means of critical contagion is the transmission of rabies by bats, regardless of their eating habits, so strategies proposed intend to achieve the goal of eradicating rabies worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender la experiencia emocional de los estudiantes de pedagogía al enfrentarse a eventos de maltrato por parte de los docentes del establecimiento, en sus prácticas profesionales. Desde el enfoque cualitativo y utilizando la técnica de incidentes críticos, se entrevistó a 12 estudiantes que experimentaron maltrato durante su práctica y se recabó 15 incidentes críticos. De esta muestra, se categorizaron 5 conductas de maltrato, de las cuales, la angustia, la rabia e inseguridad fueron las principales emociones que manifestaron los estudiantes. Para ellos, dicha experiencia tuvo un intenso impacto emocional, asociándose a altos nivel de estrés. Se discute por una parte que estos eventos provocaron un significativo cuestionamiento en su identidad profesional y, por otra parte, sobre la importancia de fortalecer las habilidades socioemocionales en la formación docente, de modo que se maneje adecuadamente los conflictos y conservar el bienestar psicológico. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to understand the emotional experience of pedagogy students faced with abusive events caused by teachers of the institution during their professional practice. From the qualitative approach, and using the critical incidents technique, we interviewed 12 students who experienced abuse during their practice and gathered 15 critical incidents. From this sample, it was categorized 5 abusive behaviors of which anguish, anger, and insecurity were the main emotions expressed by the students. For them, such experience had an intense emotional impact associating it with high levels of stress. The discussion that these events caused them to significantly question in their professional identity; and on the other hand, regarding the importance of strengthening the socio-emotional skills in teacher training, so that conflicts are managed properly – thereby maintaining the psychological well-being.

El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender la experiencia emocional de los estudiantes de pedagogía al enfrentarse a eventos de maltrato por parte de los docentes del establecimiento, en sus prácticas profesionales. Desde el enfoque cualitativo y utilizando la técnica de incidentes críticos, se entrevistó a 12 estudiantes que experimentaron maltrato durante su práctica y se recabó 15 incidentes críticos. De esta muestra, se categorizaron 5 conductas de maltrato, de las cuales, la angustia, la rabia e inseguridad fueron las principales emociones que manifestaron los estudiantes. Para ellos, dicha experiencia tuvo un intenso impacto emocional, asociándose a altos nivel de estrés. Se discute por una parte que estos eventos provocaron un significativo cuestionamiento en su identidad profesional y, por otra parte, sobre la importancia de fortalecer las habilidades socioemocionales en la formación docente, de modo que se maneje adecuadamente los conflictos y conservar el bienestar psicológico.

Este ejercicio adopta las categorías de análisis de la semiótica de las pasiones para una lectura de La familia (1991), uno de los tres cuentos de la autora venezolana Nuni Sarmiento en ¡Señoras! Entendidas las pasiones como texto narrativo, se intenta aquí la formalización del programa narrativo para describir tanto el modo de configuración de la pasión rabia como el de su representación literaria. A modo de ensayo, el acercamiento pudiera enriquecer el entramado teórico y las posibilidades de interpretación e intertextualidad del texto literario.

Sin resumen