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The taxonomy of the Neotropical Carcharodini genus Viuria Grishin, 2019 (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae) is presented. Two new species are described: Viuria inanna sp. nov. from south-southeastern habitats Brazil and Paraguay, and Viuria acadia sp. nov. from Brazil and Ecuador. Illustrations of adults, including morphology of secondary sexual organs in males, male and female genitalia, diagnoses, remarks, and updated geographical distributions are also provided for all species.

Copyright of SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia is the property of Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To explore the debated phylogenetic relationship of two Hesperiidae subfamilies, Pyrginae and Eudaminae, and contribute to the understanding of the evolution of mitogenomic architecture in butterflies, we sequenced the complete mitogenome of Tagiades vajuna. The mitogenome is a typical circular duplex molecule of 15,359 bp. Apart from the standard 22 tRNAs, it has a tandem duplication of trnS(AGN) and trnE, which is unique in lepidopteran insects. Comparison with Ctenoptilum vasava indicates that the trnS1 duplication is not an ancestral state shared with other species of Tagiadini. Independent origin of the trnS1 duplications was further confirmed by the reconstruction of the ancestral character state based on the topology of the phylogram. Furthermore, comparative analysis of mitogenomes with and without tRNA duplications indicates that tRNA duplication does not alter the codon usage pattern. The mitogenome has negative AT- and GC-skews, and it is highly A+T-biased (79.7%). The AT-rich (or control) region (283 bp) contains "ATAGA" and "ATTTA" motifs. Regarding the phylogenetic analysis, we found that removal of the third codon position (3CP) from datasets used for the mitochondrial phylogenomics of Hesperiidae is likely to produce results that are more consistent: Pyrginae were rendered paraphyletic by Eudaminae in both analyses of the dataset from which the 3CP was removed (13 PCGs + all RNAs), but inclusion of the 3CP resulted in a destabilized topology, resulting in both monophyly and polyphyly. We conclude that even shallow-phylogenies of insects should pay close attention to compositional and mutational biases in mitogenomes.

The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature has conserved the usage of the family-group name ErynniniBrues & Melander, 1932 for a tribe of hesperiid butterflies by suppressing its senior homonyms ErynnidiTutt, 1906, ErynnidaeSwinhoe, 1913 and ErynnidaeHampson, 1918. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Sophista Plötz, 1879 from north-east Brazil (Bahia) is described: Sophista spectrum Siewert, Zacca, Mielke & Casagrande sp. nov. Thracides aristoteles Westwood, 1852 is designated as lectotype. The following taxonomic arrangements are proposed: Sophista plinius Plötz, 1882 stat. rest. [previously treated as a subspecies of Sophista aristoteles (Westwood, 1852)] and Sophista matto Evans, 1953 stat. nov. (originally described as a subspecies of Sophista latifasciata Spitz, 1930). Photos and illustrations of all taxa are provided, including the first description of the females of four species of Sophista. A catalogue, diagnosis, geographical distribution map, and a dichotomous key to the species of Sophista are also provided. The monophyly of Sophista was evaluated using a cladistics analysis based on morphological characters of the adults, and was recovered and supported by eight non-ambiguous synapomorphies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia is the property of Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)