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Many numerical expressions contain a separator such as a comma (e.g., 1,234) or a decimal point (e.g., 12.34) that divides the number into left and right parts. This research examines how individuals compare such numbers as a function of psychological distance. Integrating insights from research on diagnosticity, numerical cognition, and mental construal, the authors hypothesize that as psychological distance increases, the perceived diagnosticity of digits to the right of a separator (hereinafter "right digits") decreases faster than that of the digits to the left of a separator (hereinafter "left digits"), which leads individuals to assign less weight to the right digits in comparative judgment. Four studies offer triangulating support for this theorizing and the underlying mechanism. In addition, the authors show that this effect is attenuated or suppressed when individuals perceive that numerical ratings are more stable over time (thereby increasing the perceived diagnosticity of right digits; Study 3) and when the distinction between left and right digits is made less obvious (e.g., when removing the digit separator; Study 4). This research offers additional nuance to our understanding of numerical cognition and how psychological distance influences the processing of different types of information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using data from China's 2017 national household survey, we examine the effect of psychological distance on Chinese farmers' willingness to make financing choices. Our empirical results show that psychological distance has a statistically significant impact on farmers' choice of finance. A close psychological distance increases farmers' willingness to choose financial institutions by activating low-level construal representation. Fintech plays an intermediary role. The psychological distance between farmers and financial institutions affects farmers' financing choices and is mediated by fintech. Our study offers the micro-level proof of the relationship between psychological distance and Chinese farmers' financing preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examined how elementary educators understood the experiences of Black students during remote learning and subsequently demonstrated empathy for Black students during the 2020–2021 academic year. While there is ample literature on the benefits of empathy on student outcomes, much of this research falls short in capturing the utility and complexity of empathy in remote settings. Moreover, much of the literature on empathy omits the role that identity plays in conceptualizations of empathy. Findings from this study suggest that in order for educators to bypass the physical and psychological distance created by remote instruction, educators must develop innovative and iterative practices that allow them to develop an in-depth understanding of their students, which will allow them to demonstrate appropriate empathic actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the impact of immersive virtual reality (VR) on perceived novelty and user satisfaction in the real estate industry. It explores how immersive VR technology can reduce the psychological distance associated with overseas properties, leading to higher user satisfaction. The study compares immersive and non-immersive VR experiences, finding that immersive VR increases perceived novelty, which enhances user satisfaction. The research also highlights the moderating role of psychological distance in the mediation model, showing that immersive VR is more effective for psychologically distant properties. The study provides theoretical insights into consumer experiences in the phygital context and offers practical implications for marketers in designing valuable customer experiences using VR technology. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Leisure/Loisir: Journal of the Canadian Association for Leisure Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Along with increased health awareness and the advent of the information age, online health popular science information (OHPSI) has received more attention. However, it is unknown how the lots of online health information influences users to change unhealthy behavioral habits. Therefore, based on the psychological distance perspective, our research investigated the effect of viewing online health information on users' willingness to change their health behaviors in the future. In addition, this study also introduced the protection motivation theory to further investigate the mediating effect of protection motivation in the mechanisms of psychological distance in online health information. The data of the study were obtained by the research method of questionnaire survey and the proposed hypotheses were validated using Smartpls software. 87.28% of the respondents in this study's survey sample were aged 18–40 years old, and people in this age group have higher pressure from study and work, and live a fast-paced life with less free time, which makes them more likely to pay attention to OHPSI to improve their health. Therefore, the age group of the sample of this study is in line with the research purpose of this paper, which is conducive to enhancing the authenticity and reliability of the conclusions of this study. The conclusions of the study showed that the temporal, social, hypothetical and experiential distances in psychological distance can positively influence users' self-protection motivation. And protection motivation has a positive effect on users' willingness to change health behaviors. In addition, protection motivation can completely mediate the influence of psychological distance on users' willingness to change health behaviors after viewing online health information. The research not only expands the scope of application of construal level theory and protection motivation theory, but also has significant impact for creators of OHPSI and public health departments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Egoistic value is conceptualized as anti‐environmental in many environmental value theories, yet contradictory evidence exists for its relation with pro‐environmental attitude and behaviour. To provide insights into these inconsistent findings, this research examined the moderating role of the psychological distance of environmental problems on their relationship. Across one cross‐sectional survey study (1008 community participants from the United States) and one World Values Survey study (66,704 nationally representative participants from 46 countries/regions), results converged in showing that psychological distance of environmental problems (i.e. climate change and local pollution) moderated the relationship between egoistic value and pro‐environmental attitude and behaviour. Their association became more positive as that psychological distance got closer. Different patterns were observed for altruistic and biospheric values. These findings highlight the potential pro‐environmental utility of egoistic value and the importance of paying attention to contexts when theorizing its relation with pro‐environmental attitude and behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Research has largely conceptualized suicidal ambivalence as the difference between one's wish to live and wish to die without fully considering other suicide ideation (SI) experiences included on measures like the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS). We utilized BSS items to identify SI latent classes and examined relevant correlates and outcomes. Methods: We collected self‐report data from two samples of US adults who: (1) self‐identified as LGBTQ+ (N = 349; cross‐sectional) and (2) self‐reported past‐week SI (BSS score ≥ 11; N = 133; 3 timepoints). Results: Latent class analyses supported three‐class (Sample 1) and four‐class solutions (Sample 2), which included ambivalent classes. In Sample 1, sexual orientation, gender, depression, anxiety, SI, and suicide‐specific rumination were concurrently associated with class membership. In Sample 2, depression, SI, suicide‐specific rumination, and physical/psychological distance from suicide methods were concurrently associated with class membership. In Sample 2, at both follow‐ups, suicide plans/preparations and Acute Suicidal Affective Disturbance symptom frequencies were provided by class membership, and suicidal intent significantly differed by class membership. Conclusions: SI classes differed by sample and evidenced nuances in SI and suicidal ambivalence. Risk factors and suicide‐related outcomes also differed by class membership. Implications and limitations are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthcare professionals continually face pressure for increased transparency in their supply chains (SCs). This research examines how healthcare SC information disclosures and physician operations influence patient perceptions (i.e., satisfaction with physicians and attitude toward healthcare service providers). Evidence from prior research might not be applicable in the healthcare context because of intense regulations and safety concerns. Moreover, previous studies have mostly adopted an internal, operational perspective. By contrast, we provide healthcare professionals with guidance on how to maximize patient perceptions. Anchoring on signaling theory and construal level theory of psychological distance, we examine whether and how the disclosed information in a healthcare context influences patients' perceptions with two vignette‐based studies. In contrast with literature on SC transparency, we do not find a main effect of SC disclosures in healthcare. Instead, the effects depend on the content disclosed. We find that spatial and temporal distances of the healthcare SC significantly influence patients' perceptions. Furthermore, a three‐way interaction shows that by strategically disclosing manufacturing and distribution information, especially when these occur close to the patient's home country, and incorporating service recovery actions, such as closer follow‐ups, professionals can maximize patient perception outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pressing urgency of climate change calls for advancements in the way it is communicated. One communication option is the use of virtual reality (VR). The current research comprised two pilot studies to develop and test a virtual environment depicting proximal effects of climate change regarding the participant's location. In both studies, an experimental design was employed and showed the environment to significantly affect psychological distancing (PD), response efficacy, risk perception, perceived responsibility, knowledge, and emotions, as well as behavioural intentions related to reducing meat consumption, food wastage, paper use, and plastic use from pre- to post-test. Changes to most of these variables occurred in both VR and desktop conditions, yet some were in VR only. However, when controlling for pre-test scores, post-test scores across the conditions were similar. Nonetheless, VR participants reported greater immersion, presence, emotion, engagement, and usability than desktop participants and were significantly more likely to demonstrate environmentally protective behaviour in an observation task. Qualitative analyses provided insight into participants' thoughts and feelings, as well as suggestions for improving the intervention. Overall, findings suggest that the intervention, especially when experienced through VR, is effective at facilitating both the cognitive and affective variables necessary for change in behavioural intentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability incidents (e.g., human rights violations, pollution, bribery, etc.) in supply chains continue to manifest globally. Yet, evidence from practice shows such incidents tend to recur within the same supply chains despite stakeholder attention. We investigate the manifestations of supplier sustainability incidents (SSIs) and purchasing managers' reaction to them over time, looking for traces of the slippery slope effect. We also test whether moral disengagement and psychological distance can further impact decisions toward SSIs. Through a series of experiments on both social and environmental SSIs and a follow‐up qualitative study (683 participants in total), we find evidence for the impact of moral disengagement and psychological distance on purchasing managers' reaction to SSIs. However, results for the slippery slope effect were mixed. Our supplementary qualitative study found evidence for the slippery slope effect, as well as moral licensing/cleansing and moral psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of entrepreneurial role models on individuals could be regarded as a social learning process. However, we still lack an in-depth understanding of under what conditions the impacts of entrepreneurial role models are stronger or weaker. This paper draws on social learning theory and construal level theory to explore how entrepreneurial role models relate to individuals' entrepreneurial perceptions under different psychological distance dimensions. A representative sample of 322 final-year students from nine universities in China was analyzed. The results demonstrated that entrepreneurial role model was positively associated with feasibility and desirability perceptions. Further, we found that the spatial distance and social distance as boundary conditions, respectively, moderated the main effects. This study extends prior research on the functions of entrepreneurial role model by providing a psychological distance perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construal level theory states that the psychological distance to events and objects affects their construal level. But how do humans get to the psychological distance in the first place? We argue that language plays a key role. Communicating a distance typically requires a particular measurement unit, and the distance and its resolution affect the perceived psychological distance. There is an important difference between an invitation to a wedding on August 3rd and next summer. To substantiate our claims, we replicate the BIF task (n = 358) and the open-ended activity descriptions (n = 357) from Liberman and Trope (1998), and the concreteness in New York Times articles (n = 15,075) from Bhatia and Walasek (2016). We show the added value in understanding the effect of communicating distances, spotlighting its relevance for academic work that studies construal based on language or uses construal to explain further social situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cognitively reappraising a stressful experience—reinterpreting the situation to blunt its emotional impact—is effective for regulating negative emotions. English speakers have been shown to engage in linguistic distancing when reappraising, spontaneously using words that are more abstract or impersonal. Across two preregistered studies (N = 299), we investigated whether such shifts in language use generalize to Spanish, a language proposed to offer unique tools for expressing psychological distance. Bilingual speakers of Spanish and English and a comparison group of English monolinguals transcribed their thoughts in each of their languages while responding naturally to negative images or reappraising them. Reappraisal shifted markers of psychological distance common to both languages (e.g., reduced use of “I”/“yo”), as well as Spanish-specific markers (e.g., greater use of “estar”: “to be” for temporary states). Whether these linguistic shifts reflected successful emotion regulation depended on language experience: in exploratory analyses, the common markers were more strongly linked to reduced negative affect for late than early Spanish learners, and one Spanish-specific marker (“estar”) also predicted reduced negative affect for early learners. Our findings suggest that people distance their language in both cross-linguistically shared and language-specific ways when regulating their emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological distance is considered as the distance individuals maintain regarding particular objects or events, yet how women's psychological distance from breast cancer affects their self-screening intentions remains unknown. This study, via two online experimental surveys, investigated the effects of psychological distance from breast cancer (proximal vs. distant) and message framing (risk vs. efficacy) on women's self-examination intentions. Study 1 (N = 196) explored the influence of breast cancer psychological distance on women's screening intention. Study 2 (N = 224) investigated whether and how message framing influences screening intention under different psychological distance conditions. Our findings showed that psychological distance from breast cancer had a significant negative influence on screening intention (β = -0.287, p < 0.001), and the moderating effect of message framing on the relationship between psychological distance and screening intentions was revealed (β = -0.470, p = 0.009). Specifically, psychological distance was significantly negatively associated with screening intentions in both risk and efficacy framing. Moreover, compared with efficacy framing, the promoting effect of decreasing psychological distance from breast cancer on women's screening intentions was stronger in the risk-framing condition. This study extends the construal-level theory of psychological distance to understand the antecedents and psychological mechanisms of women's breast cancer screening intentions, and provides practical strategies for future women's health intervention campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show that learners generalized more broadly around the learned stimulus when they expected more variability between the learning set and the generalization set, as well as within the generalization set. Experiments 1 and 3 used a predictive learning task and demonstrated border perceptual generalization both when expected variability was manipulated explicitly via instructions (Experiment 1), and implicitly by increasing temporal distance to the anticipated application of learning (Experiment 3). Experiment 2 showed that expecting to apply learning in the more distant future increases expected variability in the generalization set. We explain the relation between expected variability and generalization as an accuracy-applicability trade-off: when learners anticipate more variable generalization targets, they "cast a wider net" during learning, by attributing the outcome to a broader range of stimuli. The use of more abstract, broader categories when anticipating a more distant future application aligns with Construal Level Theory of psychological distance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the use of humor in one-shot online negotiations affects the chance that the target of the humor will accept the offer. This study/paper proposes two competing hypotheses in this specific context: humor could be perceived as impertinent and thus decrease offer acceptance, or it could be perceived as friendly and thus increase offer acceptance. Design/methodology/approach: To test these hypotheses, this study/paper conducted an experimental scenario study among 589 participants in a negotiation about selling a wardrobe on an online marketplace. Participants took the perspective of the seller, and this study/paper compared a condition in which the buyer used a joke versus a condition in which the buyer did not use a joke. Findings: The use of humor by a buyer significantly increased the chance of offer acceptance by the seller. Without humor, 62% of sellers accepted the buyer's offer. With humor, 82% of sellers accepted the offer. Further analysis suggests this is explained by the buyer being perceived as friendlier in the humor condition relative to the no humor condition. There were no effects on perceptions of buyer's impertinence. Practical implications: The findings indicate that humor is beneficial for buyers in a one-shot online negotiation. On the flipside, this implies that sellers should be cautious about being manipulated into accepting inferior deals by buyers who use humor in one-shot online negotiations. Originality/value: The significant increase in the number of transactions on online marketplaces (such as AliExpress or eBay) justifies having a fresh look at the role of humor in one-shot online negotiations that are at the core of such transactions. Research in this domain is relatively scarce. In particular, there is no study that specifically tests whether humor is beneficial or detrimental in one-shot online negotiations. This study/paper extends the existing literature to the area of one-shot online interactions characterized by psychological distance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the role of emotions in the food waste reduction behavior of Brazilian consumers. Based on a survey with 235 respondents and employing PLS-SEM as the analysis technique, it was found that consumers who feel more guilty about waste have more favorable attitudes toward mitigating food disposal in domestic environments. Similarly, anticipated pride directly impacted attitudes toward reducing food waste. These emotions also had indirect effects on waste reduction intention and behavior. In this study, psychological distance moderated the intentionbehavior relationship, demonstrating that consumers are more likely to engage in sustainable practices when they perceive waste as a problem close to them. This study offers insights into strategies that can be used to mitigate wasteful behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolution of information and communication technology has enabled travelers to access abundant information and a wide range of available products/services that may satisfy their needs or wants. However, this phenomenon also poses a challenge to travelers who have to choose from an overwhelming collection of travel products. This situation, known as the paradox of choice, may have negative outcomes. This research tested the mechanism of relationships between choice set size and perceived responses to choice overload as affected by psychological distance. Results of multiple scenario-based experimental design studies indicated a negative influence of choice set size on the choice process (e.g., choice complexity/difficulty and task difficulty) in the context of tourism-related choices. This research demonstrated the moderating effects of hypothetical and social distances on the choice process. Therefore, it extended the theory of decision-making and provided important practical implications for tourism marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nankai Business Review is the property of Nankai Business Review Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As remote auditing remains widespread, the profession is concerned that decreased auditor-client interactions and remote supervision challenges can reduce audit quality. In response, some firms have increased supervisor monitoring of remote auditors. We experimentally examine how two key remote audit factors, the spatial distance between auditors and clients and the frequency of supervisor monitoring, influence auditors' judgments in creative tasks. We predict and find that working remotely facilitates auditors' higher-level cognition that enhances creative hypothesis generation and improves decision quality when uncovering a seeded error if monitored less frequently than more frequently. More frequent monitoring constrains auditors, which squashes effort and creativity, diminishing the benefits of working remotely. Working onsite at the client location reduces the sense of psychological distance, thereby diminishing the difference between monitoring frequencies. These findings have implications for audit practice as working remotely can enhance performance on creative problem-solving tasks, but only when monitored less frequently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using construal level theory, this research investigates how brand longevity can be framed effectively in advertising. We theorize that brand longevity should be displayed concretely rather than abstractly, because a concrete frame enhances perceived brand adaptability, which in turn positively affects attitudes towards advertising (Aad) and the brand (Ab). Four experiments using textual and visual manipulations of the construal frame provide support for this rationale. Theoretically, our research shows that in the case of brand longevity, concrete rather than abstract frame offers better performances in terms of attitude toward the advertisement and the brand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Cognitively reappraising a stressful experience—reinterpreting the situation to blunt its emotional impact—is effective for regulating negative emotions. English speakers have been shown to engage in linguistic distancing when reappraising, spontaneously using words that are more abstract or impersonal. Across two preregistered studies (N = 299), we investigated whether such shifts in language use generalize to Spanish, a language proposed to offer unique tools for expressing psychological distance. Bilingual speakers of Spanish and English and a comparison group of English monolinguals transcribed their thoughts in each of their languages while responding naturally to negative images or reappraising them. Reappraisal shifted markers of psychological distance common to both languages (e.g., reduced use of “I”/“yo”), as well as Spanish-specific markers (e.g., greater use of “estar”: “to be” for temporary states). Whether these linguistic shifts reflected successful emotion regulation depended on language experience: in exploratory analyses, the common markers were more strongly linked to reduced negative affect for late than early Spanish learners, and one Spanish-specific marker (“estar”) also predicted reduced negative affect for early learners. Our findings suggest that people distance their language in both cross-linguistically shared and language-specific ways when regulating their emotions.

This study presents a novel forward dynamics model of racing kayak surge motion. The model, driven by adjustable oscillating propulsion forces, replicates true paddle stroke forces. It is based on Newton's second law of motion, with the net force comprising of propulsion force, skin friction drag, wave-making drag, form drag, and air drag. The total mass includes the kayak, paddler, and added mass. The fourth-order Runge–Kutta method is used to solve for speed and distance. The model incorporates a unique hull formulation for wetted surface area estimation, Michell's integral for wave-making drag, and a log wind profile with allometric scaling for air drag. It accounts for varying stature height, body mass, kayak dimensions, wind speed, and stroke propulsion profiles. The model is a significant advancement in its domain, with broad applicability for the future. It aligns with existing data and analyses, but validation data is limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore in laboratory how donations to a charity can be influenced by the identifiability and the social categorization of the recipients. We find that donors give more, on average, to unidentified than to identified beneficiaries, since the latter are more likely to receive small donations than the former. Average donations are the same for in- and out-group beneficiaries; however, an in-group recipient is more likely to receive a top donation than an out-group one, whereas the latter is more likely than the former to receive an intermediate donation. Both first- and second-order effects are associated to the Dynamic Identity Fusion Index elicited from participants toward the 'Multicultural World'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Virtual reality is increasingly being used for health communication. This study aimed to propose and test an integrated model of the determinants of perceived learning effectiveness in virtual reality (VR) within health communication. It proposes that psychological distance negatively affects immersion, flow, and presence, positively affecting perceived learning effectiveness. Methods The Fuzzy Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory Method (F-DEMATEL) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to test the proposed model. Data for the F-DEMATEL study were collected from 20 participants, whereas data for the SEM study were collected from 1104 participants, with 775 included in the final analysis. Results The results of the F-DEMATEL study revealed that the three dimensions of psychological distance, emotional distance, spatial distance, and social distance are causal factors. In contrast, temporal, technical, and hypothetical distance are effect factors. The SEM results confirmed the negative effects of psychological distance on flow and presence and the positive effects of immersion and presence on perceived learning effectiveness. In addition, the mediating role of presence was confirmed. Conclusions The results suggest that interrelationships among the factors can enhance the perceived learning effectiveness of health communication from VR. The crucial role of ensuring low psychological distance and high engagement in VR communication is also confirmed, providing crucial implications for VR communication practitioners.

Background: Virtual reality is increasingly being used for health communication. This study aimed to propose and test an integrated model of the determinants of perceived learning effectiveness in virtual reality (VR) within health communication. It proposes that psychological distance negatively affects immersion, flow, and presence, positively affecting perceived learning effectiveness. Methods: The Fuzzy Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory Method (F-DEMATEL) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to test the proposed model. Data for the F-DEMATEL study were collected from 20 participants, whereas data for the SEM study were collected from 1104 participants, with 775 included in the final analysis. Results: The results of the F-DEMATEL study revealed that the three dimensions of psychological distance, emotional distance, spatial distance, and social distance are causal factors. In contrast, temporal, technical, and hypothetical distance are effect factors. The SEM results confirmed the negative effects of psychological distance on flow and presence and the positive effects of immersion and presence on perceived learning effectiveness. In addition, the mediating role of presence was confirmed. Conclusions: The results suggest that interrelationships among the factors can enhance the perceived learning effectiveness of health communication from VR. The crucial role of ensuring low psychological distance and high engagement in VR communication is also confirmed, providing crucial implications for VR communication practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

User-generated advertising (UGA) is critical to heritage tourism marketing. However, there is a research gap on the impact mechanism of UGA essential elements. Through three scenario experiments, this study explored the matching effects between human elements and review types in UGA of heritage sites and discussed these effects on potential tourists' online interactive behaviours. The findings revealed that (1) graphics with human elements are more effective when paired with subjective experience reviews, while graphics without human elements are better suited for cultural attribute reviews. (2) Matching effects positively influence potential tourists' online interactive behaviours, and psychological distance and awe play mediating roles in this influencing process. Our work provides significant insights for heritage tourism advertising marketing and contributes to the tourism advertising research framework and the marketing competitiveness of heritage sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on construal level and conservation of resources theories, our paper focuses on the psychological distance employees experience from their manager in remote work contexts. We specifically examine the role of three leadership behaviours (initiating structure, consideration and vision communication) on employees' perceptions of psychological distance from their manager and the subsequent effects on employee task, emotion and avoidance coping and individual effectiveness outcomes. Using data from two independent studies (Study 1: a four‐wave time‐lagged online study of remotely working 338 participants; Study 2: a four‐wave time‐lagged study of 202 hybrid working professionals), we found that consideration and vision communication reduced employees' perceptions of psychological distance from their manager, while psychological distance decreased task coping. Support for a serial mediation model was also found, with consideration and vision communication indirectly influencing task performance and consideration indirectly influencing organizational citizenship behaviours and withdrawal behaviours via psychological distance and then via task coping. Our research results provide new insights into the role of leadership in remote work contexts and highlight the implications of psychological distance from the leader for employees' coping responses and individual effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As society increasingly values sustainability and social responsibility, companies are embracing social innovation activities to tackle pressing societal challenges. Understanding the factors that shape consumer participation in Corporate Social Innovation (CSI) activities is vital for their success. Drawing on the legitimacy theory, this study investigates the mediating role of legitimacy and the moderating effect of psychological distance in the relationship between information quality and consumers' participation intention. To gather insights, a questionnaire survey was conducted, and statistical analysis was performed using data collected from 565 consumers. The results demonstrate that the information content, source, and expression quality of CSI activities significantly and positively influence consumer participation. In addition, the study identifies moral and pragmatic legitimacy as mediators, elucidating the mechanisms through which information quality influences consumers' participation intention. Moreover, psychological distance is found to negatively moderate the relationship between moral legitimacy and consumers' participation intention. These findings enrich our understanding of social innovation activities and provide valuable insights for companies aiming to enhance consumer participation in these activities. The research contributes to the existing body of knowledge on social innovation activities by enriching the understanding of the role of information quality in shaping consumer behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By integrating the construal level theory (CLT) and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) framework, this study identified personal innovativeness (PI) as a key user trait and different sequences of data presentation as key interfaces of an XAI system that determines how users evaluate and accept recommendations received from XAI. Based on CLT, the results of Study 1 identified the degree of psychological distance that users form with AI technology as a key underlying mechanism that explains the positive effects of users' PI on their evaluation of AI recommendation systems. From the perspective of XAI, the results of Study 2 further demonstrated that users' evaluations of XAI recommendation systems are determined by their level of PI and how the XAI interface presents information to them (i.e., whether the explanation comes first and is then followed by a decision or vice versa). The results of this study provide several meaningful theoretical and practical implications for human-AI interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Government agencies have increasingly established their official accounts to disseminate information and publish rumourrefuting messages (RRMs) on social media platforms. However, little is known about what factors facilitate users to engage in RRMs posted by government accounts. To bridge this gap, our study borrows the lens of persuasion theory to frame a research model and unmask the precursors that foster social media users to engage in RRMs. By analysing RRMs published by 10 influential government official accounts spanning 9 years, a field study on Sina Weibo finds that the text length of an RRM is associated with a higher probability of liking, commenting on, and sharing the RRM, while the inclusion of links in RRMs is negatively linked to user engagement. The effect of the existence of photos and videos on user engagement in RRMs depends on different engaging behaviours. The inclusion of emojis in RRMs helps shorten users' psychological distance from the authorities, thereby facilitating user engagement behaviours. Using rhetorical questions is associated with a higher level of user engagement (including liking and sharing) in RRMs by increasing personal relevance. This study offers new insights into online rumour governance and practical suggestions for promoting government social media publicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the effectiveness of distance-framed narratives in deterring e-cigarette use among young adults. Through an online experiment (N = 916), this study investigates how narratives with different distance cues influence participants' narrative engagement, perceived psychological distance, and compliance with the message. The findings suggest that distance-framed narratives heighten identification. Increased identification reduces perceived psychological distance, leading to more negative attitudes, decreased e-cigarette use intention, and stronger policy support. E-cigarette use status also impacts persuasive outcomes. Non-users tend to be more receptive to narratives featuring congruent distance cues in character and scenario depictions. Users are motivated by narratives that present an uncertain scenario, regardless of whether the character is portrayed as socially close or distant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Service Industries Journal is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Memes offer responsive acute commentary on controversial societal matters, providing non-violent and democratic spaces of discussion for conflicts. The paper studies memes on the war in Ukraine that spread in Eastern (Russia, Estonia, Belarus) and Western Europe (Spain). We analyze who are the main actors/characters that personify the war in the memes in these countries, how these characters are represented in memes, and what are the global and local aspects of their portrayal. Personification is seen as a marker for psychological distance of the meme-makers and sharers to the conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research tests the Construal‐Level Theory of Psychological Distance in a three‐dimensional context via a bequest fundraising telephone campaign. We experimentally primed temporal distance (i.e., 10 vs. 50 years) and social distance (i.e., donors' family and friends vs. benefits for wider society) before people answered a bequest‐related question. We then observed how matching and mismatching between these two dimensions impacted decisions differently depending on whether people engaged in a lower‐level thinking task (i.e., recalling whether they have left a bequest to a charity) or a higher‐level thinking task (i.e., considering whether they might leave a bequest in the future). Our findings contribute to the existing Construal‐Level Theory and nonprofit research by testing the unique combination of a three‐dimensional construal situation. Learning from this research can be applied to the design of innovative bequest fundraising procedures as well as innovative procedures to promote other voluntary decisions in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research explores the interplay of visual perspectives and psychological distance in consumer hotel evaluation. Across three studies, the results indicated that if consumers perceive a hotel to be psychologically distal, they process the hotel information more fluently and consequently evaluate the hotel more favorably when exterior pictures are provided than when interior pictures are available. On the contrary, if consumers perceive a hotel to be psychologically proximal, this effect would be reversed. The effect is driven by a "matching" between consumers' psychological distance from the hotel (i.e., proximal vs. distant) and the types of information available (i.e., interior vs. exterior pictures) that generates a high level of processing fluency. Our findings provide actionable suggestions for hotel marketing professionals concerning how to display a hotel product with different pictures depending on its specific distance attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study employs psychological distance theory and the co-benefit frame to explore message framing strategies on social media to promote public support in climate change mitigation during the COVID-19 pandemic. This online 2 × 2 × 2 experiment recruited 708 Chinese college students to examine the effect of temporal distance (2025 vs. 2050), spatial distance (China vs. the global), and the co-benefit frame (present vs. absent) on behavioral intentions to mitigate climate change and policy support in climate change mitigation. Unexpectedly, the MANOVA results showed that the co-benefit frame of COVID-19 and climate change did not have main or interaction that affect behavioral intention and policy support. However, close temporal distance increases support for climate change mitigation. Meanwhile, temporal and spatial distance have an interaction on behavioral intention. Our results suggest that strategies to reduce psychological distance on social media are effective, especially on temporal distance, but bonding two events through psychological distance to promote support for climate change mitigation must be reconsidered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Destructive leadership, a prevalent negative behavior in modern organizations, continues to captivate the interest of scholars and professionals due to its detrimental aftermath. Drawing from social psychological (culture) and conservation of resources theory, we explore the moderating impact of psychological power distance on the link between destructive leadership and emotional exhaustion. The main contribution of this study is that it has created new information about the moderating role of some specific sub-dimensions of psychological power distance (e.g., hierarchy, prestige) in the relationship between destructive leadership and emotional exhaustion. Our findings also reveal a positive correlation between a destructive leadership style and emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, the prestige aspect of psychological power distance amplifies the influence of deficient leadership abilities and unethical conduct on emotional exhaustion. Notably, our study highlights that in the Turkish context, characterized by high power distance, and escalating hierarchies the impact of nepotism disparities on emotional exhaustion. In conclusion, these novel insights underscore a significant research avenue regarding cultural facets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study examines the role of themata in understanding mental health-related stigma. It is motivated by the need for alternative theoretical-methodological approaches beyond the dominant frameworks in education and contact-based anti-stigma public health efforts, which have shown mixed effects. Specifically, it addresses the need for a more nuanced framework in stigma research, one that is sensitive to the dialogues through which people relate themselves to mental health and stigma in context. Methods: The research employs an exploratory mixed-methods approach, including the analysis of 529 news reports, 20 focus group discussions, and 19 one-to-one interviews, all concerning representations of shared living arrangements with someone perceived to have experiences of mental illness. Thematic analysis and natural language processing are used within a convergent triangulation design to analyze the data. Results: We found that mental health and illness were communicated through an overarching Self/Other thema and five subordinate themata: normal/abnormal, harm/non-harm, bounded/non-bounded, and moral/immoral. Despite familiarity with psychological distress and 'modern' explanations of mental illness, concerns about social identity motivated representations of mental illness as a predominantly permanent, negative form of personhood marked by abnormality, harm, distance, and immorality. Additionally, concerns about personal vulnerability, including historically rooted fears of contagion, motivated distancing representations of mental illness, rather than neutral portrayals. Conclusions: Themata have under-developed theoretical and methodological potential for addressing mental health-related stigma, particularly in their ability to describe the dynamic ways in which culture motivates people to both resist and reproduce stigma, partly through ambivalences, absences, tensions, and ambiguities in representation. A critical discussion is provided on how themata may support ecological strategies in mental health campaigns over generic models, emphasizing the need to understand group knowledge and contact dynamics to mitigate adverse effects. Themata Public Health Unintended Consequences Mixed Methods Behaviour Change Natural Language Processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document consists of two research articles that delve into the intricacies of emotions and relationships. The first article focuses on the reasons why individuals conceal their emotions and the consequences it has on their relationships. The second article explores the integration of empathy and interpersonal emotion regulation. Both articles offer valuable insights into the complex dynamics of emotions and relationships, emphasizing the need for further research in this area. [Extracted from the article]

Emotion regulation plays a crucial role in well-being in everyday life. Effective emotion regulation depends upon adaptively matching a given strategy to a given situation. Recent research has begun to explore these interactions in the context of daily reports of perceived stress, affect, and emotion regulation strategy usage. To further understand these differences in strategy efficacy in an ecologically valid context, we examined responses to real world stressors in a young adult sample. We surveyed a range of emotion regulation strategies, including two forms of cognitive reappraisal (i.e., reinterpretation, which involves cognitively reframing one's emotional responses, and psychological distancing, which involves adopting an objective, impartial perspective). Participants reported strategy usage, momentary perceived stress, and affect in response to multiple ecological momentary assessments over a period of 7 days. Analyses of links between strategy usage and affect revealed that rumination was significantly negatively associated with more positive affect ratings. Further, a significant interaction between momentary perceived stress and reinterpretation usage was observed on affect, such that reinterpretation was more adaptive during situations perceived as less stressful. These results provide further insight into the importance of situational context in determining the effectiveness of particular emotion regulation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumers often use spatial metaphors to describe time. Through six studies, the present research demonstrates that time metaphors influence consumers' perceptions of the temporal distance to future events. Specifically, an ego‐moving metaphor, which characterizes the movement of the self across a timeline from present to future, leads consumers to perceive a target event as more temporally distant than a time‐moving metaphor that illustrates the movement of the event from future to present. This time metaphor distance effect arises because the ego‐moving (vs. time‐moving) metaphor hinders psychological arousal and thus makes the events seem more temporally distant. We also demonstrate a downstream consequence of this effect: by lengthening the perceived temporal distance, the ego‐moving (vs. time‐moving) metaphor leads to greater consumer impatience in a waiting context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relations among children's symbolic functioning at 15 months, joint attention at 24 months, expressive communication at 24 and 36 months, and executive functioning at 36 months. With the sample from rural areas in the United States collected by the Family Life Project (N = 1,008), a longitudinal data analysis was conducted. The results of structural equation modeling suggested that children's symbolic functioning at 15 months and children's executive functioning at 36 months was directly related to each other. These two variables were also indirectly related to each other through joint attention at 24 months and expressive communication at 24 and 36 months. Psychological distancing and verbal and nonverbal communication were used to explain the role symbolic functioning plays in the development of executive functioning during the second and the third years of children's lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the cognitive–ecological approach and on logical–functional principles, in 12 studies (11 preregistered), we examine the novel hypotheses that psychological distance and construal level (CL) are associated in people's minds with stimulus speed: the psychologically distant/abstract is slow, and the psychologically close/concrete is fast. The findings support our expectations. Study Set I examined the association between psychological distance and speed. Findings show that psychological distance is implicitly and explicitly associated with speed (Study 1), that psychological distance is seen as compatible with slow and proximity with fast (Study 2), that stimulus psychological distance affects its perceived speed (Study 3), and that stimulus speed affects its psychological distance (Study 4). Study Set II examined the association between construal level and speed. Findings show that construal level is explicitly associated with speed (Study 5), that abstract is seen as compatible with slow and concrete with fast (Study 6), that natural language word distribution structures reflect an association between abstractness and speed (Study 7), that construal level affects speed (Study 8), and that speed affects stimulus construal level (Study 9). Study Set III examined implications for communication and person perception. Findings suggest that slow-paced (vs. fast-paced) speech is associated with larger perceived spatial and social distance between speaker and audience and larger audiences (Studies 10a, 10b) and that people infer an expansive (contractive) regulatory scope from slow-paced (fast-paced) spoken messages (Study 11). We elaborate on possible mechanisms and their theoretical and practical implications in domains including decision making and urban design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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