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Autism spectrum disorders are among the most severe congenital neurodevelopmental disorders. Even though many known risk factors can induce ASD, the exact etiology is not known. This thesis focuses on different approaches to studying ASD in rodent models. The main goal of the experimental part of the thesis was to examine the manifestations of ASD in a rat genetic model of tuberous sclerosis (so-called Eker rat) and to determine the effect of different housing environments on autistic phenotype. The animals were studied for one year. We performed three series of behavioral tests at the age of 45, 90 and 365 days. Testing was focused on assessment of exploration, anxiety, and sociality. Our results showed that the activity in the open field was higher in young Eker rats. The anxiety displayed in the elevated plus maze was reduced in rats kept in an enriched environment. In social interaction, the enriched environment significantly increased self-grooming. We observed less complex self-grooming in Eker rats housed without environmental enrichment. Ultrasound communication varied significantly with age. We confirmed that the enriched environment had a significant effect on the behavior of rats, but we observed no strong differences in behavior caused by the Eker genotype. Key words: autism, Eker,...

The nutrition of chicken hybrids is very popular. There are already predictions that chicken meat will become one of the most consumed. The reasons may be the price, taste or composition and easy digestibility of chicken meat. Short fattening of broiler chickens and low space requirements is an indisputable advantage for breeders. The work is focused on the basic building elements important for the fattening of chicken hybrids. The practical part consists in fattening two groups of broilers in a home environment, each time in the same environment but in a different season. These results were compared with comparison groups in conventional breeding. During the experiment, it was found that when fattening in the warm season with access to the outdoors, even higher results can be achieved than in conventional breeding. On the contrary, it was proven that the group without access to the out-doors did not even achieve average gains in the colder period.

The thesis deals with the adaptation of pupils, which is often associated in literature with kindergarten. It si a new topic for the first year of primary school. Therefore, the thesis focuses on describing the different concepts that are essential to understanding a child's adaptation to the first year of primary school. The theoretical part of the thesis is arranged chronologically as the each topic comes up in the child life, i.e. from the definition of preschool age, throuth the issues of school maturity and readiness, enrolment and deferment, to the definition of the younger school age. A central chapter is devoted to the issue of adaptation and the causes of failed adaptation. For the empirical part of the thesis, qualitative research based on the case study research method was chosen. Several techniques were used for data collection. These include direct non- participant observation of pupils during breaks as well as lessons. The observations are supplemented by semi-structured individual interviews with pupils, a teacher and a class assistant. Another technique is a parents online questionnaire. KEYWORDS Adaptation, pupil, maturity, readiness, school, classmate, team, new beginning, environment.

v anglickém jazyce This bachelor thesis deals with school climate and different types of high school climate measurements. The goal is to use a standardized tool to explore the climate at the Prague high school. School climate fundamental terms are described in the theoretical part. The term school climate and climate are specified in this work. Because climate is a multi-meaning word. The first thing that many people think of is weather. However, this thesis deals with the concept of climate from the perspective of a social group. Interpersonal relationships, mood, atmosphere, environment, and feelings can be imagined under this term. The term climate is defined by many authors, some authors agree on the definition, and some contradict each other. In the introductory part of the thesis, the definitions of the term are described by several authors. The next chapter explains the types of school climate, and a separate chapter also describes what a positive school climate should look like. Moreover, the theoretical part is focused on factors which influence school climate and its creators. The last chapter of the theoretical part talks about the possibilities of school climate measurements. In the practical part, the state of the chosen high school climate is explored through quantitative research...

The bachelor thesis is aimed at the issue of classroom climate in kindergarten. The theoretical part is based on professional literature. It presents the school climate, classroom climate and climate actors, especially in the context of kindergarten. The theoretical part also deals with methods of climate diagnostics. The practical part presents a qualitative research, which consists, for example, of observation, interview and analysis of the results of activities. The aim of practical part is to present the possibilities of climate diagnostics in kindergarten, the perception of the classroom clime by kindergarten teachers and teaching assistants.

The diploma thesis describes the importance of music in the personal development of a younger toddler. The theoretical part deals with an insight into the personality development of the child from the prenatal period to the period of a younger toddler. It also deals with the characteristics of the imprinting and sensitive period in the child's life, the influence of music on the development of the toddler's personality, musical development and the development of musical abilities in this period. It also discusses the importance of a musically stimulating environment for the development of the child's personality and presents artistic themes for early children in an integrated approach. The practical part of the diploma thesis is based on monitoring and evaluating the musical expressions of my son and seven children examined throughout the period of the younger toddler. The aim of this diploma thesis is to monitor the musical development of the younger toddler and the physical, mental and sociological influences that affect the personal development of the toddler through music. As part of the qualitative research, interviews were also conducted with mothers of seven younger toddlers, which serve to supplement the results of monitoring the development of children's music in this period. Furthermore,...

The bachelor's thesis deals with the methods of education, motivation of the child for education or its absence, as well as factors influencing the student's success in school. The aim of this thesis is a general finding of how the motivation for education functions today and whether there is an intergenerational transmission of attitudes towards school and learning. We will study the aforesaid on the basis of interviews between family generations and using questionnaires completed by pupils from the eighth and ninth grade of elementary school. Due to this thesis, at least in a general and wide range, we will find out what are the current ideas in education of the young generation and whether the intergenerational transmission occurs. KEYWORDS Family, education, ideas, motivation, support, transmission, enviroment

SVK1-2022-017

This thesis deals with research and development of a tool capable of automated creation of a virtual environment. Automated terrain generation is a non-trivial problem, the solution of which requires the creation of sophisticated methods that provide the possibility of data parameterization for the needs of the target environment. On the basis of this data, the product (basic terrain) is then processed and its appearance improved to match as much as possible what the real world looks like. To understand these processes, it is necessary to understand how environment is represented in 3D graphics and, consequently, the ways of texturing it. Also for this reason, part of the work is an examination and description of how these procedures work and what are the possibilities of using them. Furthermore, the work examines possibilities for terrain generation from simple spaces based on the generation of random values (perlin noise) to the subsequent improvement of its details. These more complex methods are based on nature-inspired processes (hydraulic erosion).

This diploma thesis is concerned with the perception of the teacher's authority by pupils of the 6th and 9th grades of a grammar school. The main aim of the thesis is to compare the perception of the teacher's authority by students of the above mentioned age groups from different perspectives. These aspects include ontogenetic stages of their development, the gender and the milieu. They are one of the topics that will be paid attention to in the theoretical part of the thesis. Another theme of the work includes the concept of authority and the authority of the teacher. The research is based od a quantitative survey, carried out through a questionnaire created for research purposes. The task of the questionnaire is to find out whether the perception of the teacher's authority changes depending on the age of the pupils, which means a specific stage of ontogenetic development, and how the above mentioned points affect the perception of teacher's authority by pupils of 6th and 9th grades. In order to confirm or specify the obtained questionnaire data or add information to them, a semi-structured interview was conducted with selected teachers. The interview was attended by five respondents, two men and three women of various age, with different length of work experience at various schools. The aim of...

This thesis aims to find potential conjunctions of environmental aesthetics and sociological urban criticism. The first chapter is concerned with certain theoretical problems of environments and various conceptions of the aesthetical. The overview of the anglophone tradition of aesthetics of environment based on aesthetic theory of nature is confrontated with theoreticians inspired by phenomenology and pragmatism. The main objective of this thesis is the theoretical inclusion of everyday urban experience and then the creation of prerequisities to describe and evaluate this environment. The necessity to reflect the different attitudes of producers and percievers is already occuring during the first chapter. The following part is dealing with diverse examples of alienation, manipulation and violence, which specially designed city environments perform on certain groups of inhabitants. This chapter also examines the selection of the targets of violence, typology of environments, strategies and motivations of the ordering party of such designed environments. The perspective is turned around in the last chapter, when the city environments are described from the viewpoint of a consumer, a pedestrian or a reader. The city is comprehended as an authoritative structure of opportunities, which can be nonetheless be seized creatively in various practices. These practices are considered as somehow subverting or microsubverting the structuring authority.

Cryptosporidium spp. is able to infect a wide range of hosts including wild and domestic animals, and humans. Although it is well known that fish could be host several Cryptosporidium species and genotypes, little information is available concerning the prevalence of Cryptosporidium in fresh water fish in Europe. Additionally, the infectivity of C. parvum for fish, the species with wide host range, remains poorly studied. In this study we collected 283 specimens of wild fresh water fish from eight localities, 41 specimens of ornamental fish collected from eight pet shops in the Czech Republic. The occurrence and genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium spp. in studied fish was examined by microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/sequencing targeting the small subunit rRNA. The infectivity of C. parvum for pike (Esox lucius) and crucian (Carrasius auratus) were experimentally verified. Microscopy and molecular analysis did not revealed presence of oocysts and specific Cryptosporidium DNA in wild fresh water fish. While microscopy analyses of faecal samples of ornamental fish were negative for presence of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts, molecular analyses shown presence Cryptosporidium avium, Cryptosporidium baileyi, Cryptosporidium muris, Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium tyzzeri and Cryptosporidium varanii. Histology did not show the presence of any developmental stages in any pikes and crucians inoculate with C. parvum or inhabit an environment with C. parvum oocysts. The presence of C. parvum DNA was detected only in intestinal contains of pikes and crucians who inhabit an environment with C. parvum oocysts. Presence of C. avium, C. baileyi, C. muris, C. parvum, C. tyzzeri and C. varanii in ornamental fish is probably resulting of the contamination of the water in the tank by caretaker and detected species almost certainly originated from the pet rodents and birds bred in the same shop. The result of the experimental study supports the hypothesis that cryptosporidia of mammals, birds and reptiles are not infectious for fish and their presence in the fish is result of the environmental contamination.

This thesis deals with lower secondary school children and their leisure time. The main goal is to describe how they spend their free time and to identify differences between children living in towns and children living in villages. The theoretical part clarifies the concept of leisure time, ways of spending the time, and leisure time associations and organizations. It also defines the environment and investigates the country and town environment. Digital media and the influence of media in general is characterized and typical developmental changes of lower secondary students are explained. The practical part of the work focuses on the quantitative research based on theoretical presumptions which were validated or disproved via a questionnaire of its own design. The research was carried out at two elementary schools in Jindřichův Hradec, one attended mainly by town children, the other attended by children living in surrounding municipalities.

Odborný text je koncipovaný coby studie věnující se médiu světla. Úzce navazuje na diplomovou práci Médium světla v umění a ve výtvarné výchově. Poznatky získané v rámci tuzemského (Jiří Trnka – V zahradách imaginace, Galerie Středočeského kraje, Kutná Hora, 2020) a zahraničního (Atelier des Limiéres, Paříž, 2018) kontextu jsou analyzovány a systematicky porovnávány. Pozornost je soustředěna na komparativní přístupy světelných projekcí obou zmiňovaných akcí a jejich vzdělávací charakter. Sledovanou oblastí je světlo v pozici výrazového prostředku a jeho potenciál edukovat zúčastněné participanty. Zjišťování se uskutečnilo v mimoškolním prostředí, přesto s aspektem na výtvarnou interpretaci. Nabyté obsahy jsou sumarizovány v rámci oborových souvislostí a to s důrazem na možný potenciál světla expandovat do příbuzných uměnovědných disciplín. The professional text is conceived as a study devoted to the medium of light. It closely follows the diploma thesis Medium of Light in Art and Art Education. The knowledge gained in the domestic (Jiří Trnka - In the Gardens of the Imagination, Gallery of the Central Bohemian Region, Kutná Hora, 2020) and foreign (Atelier des Limiéres, Paris, 2018) contexts are analyzed and systematically compared. Attention is focused on comparative approaches of light projections of both mentioned events and their educational character. The monitored area is light in the position of the means of expression and its potential to educate the participants involved. The survey took place in an out-of-school environment, yet with an aspect on artistic interpretation. The acquired contents are summarized within the field context, with emphasis on the possible potential of light to expand into related art disciplines.

Monitorování krevního tlaku v domácím prostředí patří mezi populární metody diagnostiky a kontroly průběhu léčby arteriální hypertenze. Pozitivní význam zaujímá při diagnostice maskované hypertenze a hypertenze bílého pláště. V roce 2013 vydala Evropská kardiologická společnost a Evropská společnost pro hypertenzi dokument, který zahrnuje doporučení pro domácí měření krevního tlaku. Hodnota krevního tlaku je důležitá veličina, která je závislá na řadě vnějších a vnitřních faktorů. Je ovlivněna fyzickou i psychickou zátěží a mění se v průběhu dne a noci. Domácí měření tlaku zapojuje nemocné do léčby a zvyšuje jejich spolupráci. Některým pacientům pomáhá domácí měření v pocitu zapojení se do léčby a dobré výsledky v něm vzbuzují důvěru pro správný postup léčby. Pro mnoho pacientů je obtížné dodržovat nefarmakologická doporučení a léčbu. Důležitý je psychologický přístup k pacientovi a opakovaná edukace. Monitoring blood pressure at home is one of the popular methods of diagnosing and controlling the course of treatment of arterial hypertension. It is of positive importance in the diagnosis of masked hypertension and white matter hypertension. In 2013, the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Hypertension issued a document that included recommendations for home blood pressure measurements. Blood pressure is an important variable that depends on a number of external and internal factors. It is affected by physical and mental stress and changes during the day and night. Home pressure measurement engages patients in treatment and increases their cooperation. For some patients, home measurement helps to feel involved in treatment and good results inspire confidence in the correct course of treatment. For many patients, it is difficult to follow non-pharmacological recommendations and treatment. A psychological approach to the patient and repeated education are important.

This Diploma thesis is dealing with problematics of architectural solution of working space within kindergarten in context with conception of contemporary preschool education in the Czech Republic. The goal of the thesis is to analyze architectural and spatial conditions within selected kindergartens in the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into two parts. Theoretical part is focused on preschool child, kindergarten, laws regulating architectural space solutions in kindergartens in the Czech Republic, and architectural and spatial parameters for kindergartens. The goal of thesis' practical part is to analyze how different spatial dispositions affect ongoing educational processes in examined kindergartens. Practical part states objectives of the thesis, research questions and methodological tools, applied during research phase of the thesis. It focuses on selected faculty kindergartens with different disposition solutions and analyzes their spatial disposition in relationship to educational processes and child's play. Then analyzes and compares different points of view to the problematics from selected professional educationalist and architects. Further the thesis summarizes recommendations on spatial arrangements, so they suit well all the needs of those participated in educational process. The...

The main aim of the thesis is the analytical activity in relation to the running resistance, which are inherent in the type of used vehicles. The analysis aims to differentiate driving resistances and related technical and technological factors, which determine the size and possibilities of solutions to reduce driving resistances. Obtaining specific variables carried out by the analysis leads to the determination of driving resistances for selected vehicles, even depending on the total fuel consumption. The first part of the thesis is based on adequate and relevant literature focused on the analyzed subject taking into account factors such as the character of road transport, environment and electromobility. The practical part deals with the measurement of individual types of driving resistance on a selected sample of vehicles depending on the driving mode and the character of the transport route.

The environment during incubation can have significant influence upon phenotype of reptile hatchlings. Temperature is one of the main environmental factors affecting developing embryos. The response to variability in the environment can be diverse: short, long-lasting and potentially also sex-specific. A large number of studies focused on this phenomenon but only a small portion of them studied the persistence of the phenotypic effects. I summarized studies on the influence of environmental factors on the phenotype of reptiles in species with both temperature or genotypic sex determination. These studies were evaluated in terms of duration of these effects and if these are sex specific. I also assessed how much they correspond with the predictions of the adaptive model suggested by Charnov & Bull which explains the origin and maintenance of temperature sex determination. Key words: phenotypic plasticity, environment, development, behaviour, morphology, sex determination, phenotype

The bachelor thesis deals How young people spend their leisure time in Jindrichuv Hradec. The thereoretical part consists of three basic chapters - environment, family and socially negative phenomena. The chapters define the basic concecpts to understand the effects on individuals. Further more family and socially negative phenomens. The thesis also describes the psychological and physical development in particular. The practical part deals with the evaluation of the questionnaire. The data obtained from the questionnaire are compared. The questionnaire I was answered students from two primary school in Jindrichuv Hradec. In the questionnaire, I was dealing with issues based on theory. The results are summarized in the conclusion.