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This research examined the impact of incorporating cinnamon meal (CM), water cinnamon extract (CEX), and its combination on fish productivities, blood parameters and economic outcomes over 56 days. Five groups of fish were fed different diets: a control diet (D1), 1% cinnamon meal (D2), 1% water cinnamon extract (D3), combinations of 0.5% CM and 0.5% WCEX (D4), and 1% CM and 1% WCEX (D5). All diets were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous. Significant improvements in growth performances and feed utilization parameters were observed (P<0.05) in D5 (1% CM and 1% WCEX) compared to control or other treatments, with 100% survival in the D2, D4, and D5 groups, compared to 93.33% in D1 and D3. Feed conversion ratio improved with cinnamon-treated diets, and serum protein and globulin levels increased significantly, while cholesterol levels decreased. Body composition analysis showed a significant reduction in OM and CP, while DM, EE, ash, and GE content increased. The economic return improved in cinnamon-treated groups, though the percentage of profitable value decreased slightly. Diet costs were reduced, and net improvement over the control ranged from 2.32 to 8.82%. In conclusion, adding cinnamon meal and/or cinnamon water extract to fish diets impacted growth and feed efficiency positively, without negative effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A trial was performed to investigate the effect of a proprietary guar protein concentrate, as a partial replacement of conventional protein sources, on the productive performances and gut health of rainbow trout through the growing phase. A total of 2700 rainbow trout were reared in 3 m3, 12 concrete tanks for 90 days. Three diets were formulated to contain a protein level of 43% and a lipid content of 25.3% by replacing 0% (CD), 5% (D5), and 15% (D15) of conventional protein sources with guar protein concentrate. The final mean weight was similar between D5 and CD, significantly higher than D15. The same trend was observed in weight gain and specific growth rate. The feed conversion rate had the most favourable performances in D5 and CD. Feed palatability was higher in CD and D5 than in D15. Histological intestinal score showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between the groups with the highest values in CD and the lowest in D15. Significant differences were observed for goblet cell hyperplasia with higher values in the CD group. Based on this trial, the 5% guar protein concentrate inclusion gave the best zootechnical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is widely recognized that in mammals, the period just before and immediately after calving, until the peak’s lactation, is a stressful period impairing animal performance and immune response. Some studies have proposed the use of Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina), a natural immunostimulant, as a dietary supplement in cows and sheep to improve the antioxidant response. To date, no similar research has been reported on the buffalo species. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Spirulina on body condition score (BCS), yield and quality of milk, and oxidative stress response through the assessment of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs test) and the biological antioxidant potential (BAP test) of twenty-four Italian Mediterranean buffaloes. The animals were equally divided into two groups (control=C and Spirulina=S) fed with the same total mixed ration. In top dressing mode, the S group additionally received 50 g/head/d of freeze-dried Spirulina for one month before calving and 100 g/head/d for 90 d after calving. Milk production was recorded daily on the farm’s computer system, and milk composition (protein, fat, and lactose) was determined at 30, 60, and 90 d after calving using Milkoscan (Foss, Denmark). BCS was determined at group formation and 30, 60, and 90 days after calving. Colostrum was collected within 6-8 hours post-calving, and its immunoglobulin content was immediately measured by an optical refractometer (Brix degrees). d-ROMs and BAP were measured on serum blood samples taken at group formation, at calving, 15 and 90 d after calving. Data were analyzed by a two-way analysis of variance using treatment, time of sampling, and relative interaction as factors. Where appropriate, the Tukey post hoc test was used to identify significant differences between means. For all variables, the interaction was not significant. Spirulina supplementation did not influence yield, milk quality, BCS, or colostrum quality. Group S showed a significantly higher mean BAP value (U-Carr) than the control (2730.17 vs. 2511.28, p

Objective: A 35-day-long trial was conducted to compare the consequences of supplementing citric acid (CA), Spirulina platensis, and their combination as natural substitutes for antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) on the productive performance, dressing percentage, and blood serum metabolites of broilers. Materials and Methods: A total of 150-day-old Cobb-500 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatment groups, each having 30 chicks in it (10 chicks per replicate cage). The dietary groups were as follows: 1- Control (corn–soybean-based), 2- Control + antibiotic (Enrofloxacin, 10 mg/kg bodyweight), 3- Control + 1% S. platensis, 4- Control + 0.5% CA, and 5- Control + 1% spirulina + 0.5% CA. Starting from day 7 up to day 21, antibiotics were administered via water; spirulina and CA were offered via feed. Results: When compared to the control, all dietary supplements significantly (p < 0.05) improved broiler growth performance. However, dressing characteristics and serum metabolites (serum creatinine, albumin, and uric acid) were not influenced (p > 0.05) by dietary changes, except cholesterol level (p < 0.05). Supplementation with antibiotics, CA, and spirulina produced com-parable results. Among them, the CA-fed group recorded the highest live weight, weight gain, feed intake, improved feed conversion ratio, and the lowest serum cholesterol level (106.5 mg/ dl). The combination group performed better than the control, but not as well as their single supplementations. Conclusions: CA and S. platensis might both be good candidates as natural alternatives to AGP (Enrofloxacin). But, among them, CA performed better in terms of production performance. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(1.000): 1-7]

The trial had been carried out during 5 May–30 September 2009, (23 weeks) at the trout farm ICAS Gilau, Cluj County. Two groups were implied: a Control group and one experimental group (Bio-Mos0.2%+SelPlex0.03%+NuPro2%) each consisting of 250 rainbow trout juveniles. The experimental group received 0.2 % Bio-Mos+0.03% SelPlex+2%NuPro. At the end fish reached an average weight of 253.20 g/specimen for experimental group and 241.10 g/specimen for the Control group. The growth rate incresed by 5.23 % at the experimental group comparative with the Control group. The highest value of specific growth rate was recorded at group E, 1.51 g/day, with 5.59 % higher than the specific growth rate of the Controls. The addition of combined fodder additives in group E feed led to an abatement of the feed conversion rate (1.39:1) by 2.12 % smaller comparative with the Control group (1.42:1). The analysis of indices regarding the fish health and survival rate, showed the positive effects of the combined additives. At intestinal level it was noticed an increasement of villi lenght at group E with 10.72 % higher comparative with the Control group. A significant improvement of selenium content of rainbow trout meat was also noticed.

Experiments were performed on 100 lambs, of common race, divided into 4 homogeneous groups of 25 lambs each, which were fed, differentiated for 3 weeks. Lots 1.2 and 3 received a supplement consisting of by-products obtained from the manufacture of biofuels in the area: Feed rations had similar nutritive values for all lambs in the experimental plots. The amount of crude protein in concentrates ratio was 17.40% for group 1, 18.44% for group 2, 17.60% for group 3, and 17.00% for group 4. Bulky feed were given ad libitum for all groups. After the first week of the experiment there was a spectacular evolution of body weight gain. All experimental lots were situated beyond the control group. Body mass growth rate is 3.5 times higher in the group fed with supplement of sunflower meal, 4.16 times higher in that fed with soybean meal supplements and 5.2 times higher in the group fed with additional rape meal. After the second week, the differences are decreasing, as the absolute value of body weight gain.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of zinc on the productive performances, carcass yield and blood profiles of broilers. Experiment was done for a period of 35 days with a number of 60, day old broiler chicks. Birds were divided into four dietary treatment groups with 3 replications each having 5 birds per replication. The dietary treatment groups were; T0 (basal diet; no zinc), T1 (basal diet + 50 mg zinc/kg feed), T2 (basal diet + 100 mg zinc/kg feed), T3 (basal diet + 150 mg zinc/kg feed). Results revealed that body weight and body weight gain were significantly increased in the zinc supplemented group compared to the control group. Higher feed intake and better FE were also observed in the zinc supplemented group than the control group and the best performance was observed in the group fed 150mg zinc/kg feed (T3). Carcass yield was significantly higher in the groups fed dietary zinc. Net profit was slightly higher in the T3 group but not significantly (P.0.05) differed with the control group. However, T1 and T2 showed less profit even than the control group. Blood profile of the experimental birds including Hb, PCV, and ESR did not significantly differ among the groups. The results indicate that the addition of zinc in the broiler diet improves productive performances, carcass yield and increases net profit without affecting the health status of broiler. So, zinc can be used as an effective and useful micronutrient to improve the performances of broiler.

Simple Summary: Castration of piglets is routinely practiced to prevent the presence of boar taint. In Europe, around 61% of pigs are surgically castrated, 54% of which do not receive any pain-relief therapy. The increasing public awareness towards animal welfare and the ethical characteristics of animal-derived products has led to the necessity of finding more animal-friendly alternatives. Among them, immunocastration, a process of active immunisation leading to the suppression of testicular function, has shown promising results in light pig production, both in terms of animal welfare and productivity. Besides, no study has yet investigated animal welfare in immunocastrated males intended for Italian heavy pig production. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of immunocastration on the welfare of heavy pigs by monitoring behaviour and body lesions in immunocastrated and surgically castrated pigs. Salivary testosterone levels and productive traits were also evaluated. Our results confirmed that immunocastration is a suitable alternative to surgical castration with profitable productive performance, whereas the higher activity of animals and the higher presence of body lesions before the effective immunisation caused an impairment of animal welfare, which should be further investigated as a critical aspect in heavy pig production. Immunocastration has been pointed out as an alternative to surgical castration; though, most of the scientific studies were performed in light pig production. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of immunocastration on animal welfare in heavy pig production through the evaluation of behaviour and body lesions. A total of 188 commercial-hybrid pigs were randomly allocated into two treatment groups: surgical castration (SC) and immunocastration with Improvac® (IC). Data on behaviour, body lesions, and salivary testosterone levels were collected the day before each vaccination at 15, 22, 32, and 36 weeks of age. IC and SC pigs were slaughtered at 40 and 41 weeks of age, respectively; productive and carcass traits data were also collected. Considering productive performance, our results confirmed that IC pigs grew faster and presented a higher weight at slaughter. A critical period for pig welfare was observed before 32 weeks: testosterone concentration and body lesion score were significantly higher in IC pigs compared to SC pigs; active behaviours were significantly more frequent in IC at 15 weeks. Immunocastration may represent a suitable alternative to surgical castration with profitable productive performances, whereas the impairment of welfare during the period before the effective vaccination should be further investigated as a potential critical aspect in heavy pig production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: A 35-day-long trial was conducted to compare the consequences of supplementing citric acid (CA), Spirulina platensis, and their combination as natural substitutes for antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) on the productive performance, dressing percentage, and blood serum metabolites of broilers. Materials and Methods: A total of 150-day-old Cobb-500 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatment groups, each having 30 chicks in it (10 chicks per replicate cage). The dietary groups were as follows: 1- Control (corn--soybean-based), 2- Control + antibiotic (Enrofloxacin, 10 mg/kg bodyweight), 3- Control + 1% S. platensis, 4- Control + 0.5% CA, and 5- Control + 1% spirulina + 0.5% CA. Starting from day 7 up to day 21, antibiotics were administered via water; spirulina and CA were offered via feed. Results: When compared to the control, all dietary supplements significantly (p < 0.05) improved broiler growth performance. However, dressing characteristics and serum metabolites (serum creatinine, albumin, and uric acid) were not influenced (p > 0.05) by dietary changes, except cholesterol level (p < 0.05). Supplementation with antibiotics, CA, and spirulina produced comparable results. Among them, the CA-fed group recorded the highest live weight, weight gain, feed intake, improved feed conversion ratio, and the lowest serum cholesterol level (106.5 mg/ dl). The combination group performed better than the control, but not as well as their single supplementations. Conclusions: CA and S. platensis might both be good candidates as natural alternatives to AGP (Enrofloxacin). But, among them, CA performed better in terms of production performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Live performances and carcase quality of Padovana (n = 81) and Polverara (n = 76) chickens were investigated considering breed, gender and their interaction (B × G). Birds were reared until 183 d of age. After slaughter, yields were computed, and pH and L*a*b*colour values were measured on breast and leg meat. Breeds exhibited similar performances and yields, except a greater commercial carcase incidence for Polverara (p

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It is well known that Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an important source of energy and proteins in animal feeding. The purpose of this paper was to study the effects of the fresh yeast used in the dairy cows' food, on productive and reproductive performances as well as on animals health. The efficiency testing of the fresh yeast was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Research and Development Institute for Bovine Balotesti, on a number of 40 Romanian Black Spotted heads: n=20 cows as experimental group (E] and n=20 cows as control group (M]. During a long period (20132016] we introduced 50 g fresh yeast/head/day (group E], as a source of protein, amino acids, minerals and vitamins, for the energetic-protein balance of the ration. Results were expressed as a mean (±standard deviation). The Student's test was applied to obtain the significance of difference. The recorded values showed a higher average daily milk production with 2.53±0.16 1/head/day (P<0.05] for the experimental group (E] comparative with the control group (M] and a short calving interval, at the end of the experiment. The haematological profile parameters (red blood cells, haemoglobin, haematocrit, total white blood cells, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophil] were in the normal physiological limits with no influence of the fresh yeast addition (P>0.05] during the three years of the experiment. The means values recorded for asparagine aminotransferase (GOT] and alkaline phosphatase (PAL] were within normal physiological limit for the both groups. In terms of protein profile parameters (total proteins, urea], significantly differences (P<0.05] at the end of the experiment have been observed. Our results confirm that fresh yeast is a valuable ingredient in the dairy cows' food with long-term positive effects on their performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Live performances and carcase quality of Padovana (n=81) and Polverara (n=76) chickens were investigated considering breed, gender and their interaction (B×G). Birds were reared until 183 d of age. After slaughter, yields were computed, and pH and L*a*b*colour values were measured on breast and leg meat. Breeds exhibited similar performances and yields, except a greater commercial carcase incidence for Polverara (p<.01). Breast meat quality was similar, except for higher L* value of Padovana fillets (p<.01). Polverara legs exhibited lower pH (p<.0001), lower L* value (p<.001) and higher a* value (p<.0001). Gender influenced performances and carcase quality traits. Males showed heavier live weight (p<.0001), carcase weight and cuts (p<.0001) and commercial carcase yield (p<.05), females displayed greater breast yield (p<.0001), whereas net carcase yield (% SW) was similar between sexes. Female fillets showed lower pH (p<.001) and higher L* and b* values (p<.0001); their legs had also higher L* and b* values (p<.0001). On the contrary, male legs were remarkably redder (p<.0001). Considering breast meat quality, B×G interaction counterposed Polverara males and Polverara females, whereas the greatest differences in leg meat quality existed between Polverara males and Padovana females. This study revealed that the two breeds and genders possess peculiar quality traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The clinical features and economic impact of the infection caused by an emerging group of pestiviruses, namely HoBi-like pestivirus, in a cattle herd of southern Italy are reported. In 2011, the virus was first associated with respiratory disease, causing an abortion storm after 1 year and apparently disappearing for the following 3 years after persistently infected calves were slaughtered. However, in 2014, reproductive failures and acute gastroenteritis were observed in the same herd, leading to a marked decrease of productivity. A HoBi-like strain closely related to that responsible for previous outbreaks was detected in several animals. Application of an intensive eradication programme, based on the detection and slaughtering of HoBi-like pestivirus persistently infected animals, resulted in a marked improvement of the productive performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Make in India program aims at building best-in-class manufacturing set up in the country. However, public infrastructure is considered to be one of the biggest obstacles for the growth of manufacturing in the country. In this context, this paper examines the role of infrastructure and information & communication technology (ICT) on total factor productivity (TFP) and technical efficiency (TE) of the Indian manufacturing sector for the period 1994–2010. We use advanced estimation techniques to overcome problems of non-stationarity, omitted variables, endogeneity and reverse causality by applying fully modified OLS, panel cointegration and System GMM. Estimation results suggest that the impact of infrastructure and ICT is rather strong. Importantly, industries, such as Transport Equipment, Textile, Chemicals, Metal & Metal Products, which are more exposed to foreign competition, are found to be more sensitive to infrastructure endowments. In the light of these findings, policy implications are brought out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Twenty Jamunapari goats were reared in the institute goat farm in semi-intensive system of management to study the productive performance of goat under the system. It was observed that average live weight of grower uncastrated male kids at birth, 3, 6, 9 and 12 th months of age were 2.94 ± 0.19, 8.97 ± 0.53, 15.47 ± 0.66, 18.63 ± 0.44 and 22.48 ± 0.64 kg respectively. Average daily gain during the year was found to be highest in first week ie 110.67 ± 6.52 g / day with an average value of 47.41 ± 3.76 g / day. ANOVA revealed that age had highly significant (P < 0.01) effect on all the body measurements. It was found that age was significantly (P < 0.01) and positively correlated with body length (r = 0.860), body height (r = 0.852) and heart girth (r = 0.853). Multiple regression analysis of live weight of goat with air temperature, relative humidity, temperature humidity index and effective temperature indicated non-significant effect of environmental components on live weight of goats. However, live weight of goat was negatively correlated with THI. It was observed that average daily gain in grower and finisher goat were reduced by 46.11 g / d (P < 0.01) and 24.14 g / d (P < 0.01) respectively per ° C rise of effective temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Romanian Black Pied (RBP) cow population, from the farms belonging to AGCTR taken in the official control of production in 2012-2013, totalised an effective of 4444 heads from 17 Counties of the country. This effective was taken in the official control based on which where the following parameters were estimated: ... Age structure and number of realised lactations; ... Period of total and normal lactations; ... Milk production, fat and protein content on total and normal lactation; ... Number of artificial insemination for achieving one pregnancy. Obtained results enlighten the following: The studied RBP population has an age structure in which predominant are young animals, with an average of 2.51 lactations with limits between 1 and 14. Period of total lactation was 347.27 days, and normal lactation was 284.39 days, which influence the milk production performances. Average milk production on normal lactation was 6966.24 kg milk, with limits between 1160.l4 kg and 17896.1 kg milk. We notice the average milk production of over 8000 kg on the total effective RBP from Dolj, Ialomita and Teleorman counties and of some farms with performances similar to the best farm worldwide. Existence of some plusvariance with performances of over 10000 kg milk on normal lactation underline the superior genetic value of RBP cow population and the possibility of genetic improvement using the existing variability of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well known the fact that function of maintenance way, exploitation type animals could or couldn't manifest their biological potential. Thus it is important to know how will react dairy animals of different breeds (Romanian Black Pied, Brownish and Romanian Pied) at free stabulation in a private farm. To reach the proposed goal, were studied on productions of total lactation and normal lactation characters connected with milk qualitative and quantitative production: milk quantity, fat quantity, fat content, protein quantity and content in milk. Also a remarkable importance is given to the age of first calving, reason for studying it. The obtained primary data from farm were statistically processed and interpreted. Were aimed to obtain position and variation estimators (arithmetic mean ̄X , respectively variance S2, standard deviation s, standard deviation of mean ± ̄sx and variation coefficient V%). The obtained data show the following aspects. Age of first calving was 982.90 days, with variations between 545 days and 1395 days (V%=15.89). Milk production was 5440.89 kg at 1st lactation, 5043.52 kg in 2nd lactation and 4764.19 kg in3rd lactation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research was performed on 108 laying hens, Isa-Brown hybrid, divided in four groups, 27 heads/group. Prebiotic Actigen was supplemented in total mixed ratio (TMR) in group 1E using a proportion of 0.06%, prebiotic Bio-Mos in proportion of 0.1% (group 2E) and organic Se (Sel-Plex) in proportion of 0.04% (group 3E). The trial developed within 6 weeks, first laying stage (33 weeks -39 weeks of age), respectively. The laying hens were individually weighted, in the beginning and in the end of the trial. During trial, the following issues were studied: evolution of body weight, laying intensity, average weight of eggs and forage consumption by egg. The use of prebiotics (Bio-Mos and Actigen) and organic selenium (Sel-Plex) in the mentioned doses determined an increase of laying intensity and average weight of eggs and reducing the feed conversion ratio for an egg, as compared to the control group (C). The results obtained confirm the favorable influence of prebiotics and organic selenium on the main production and consumption indices of laying hens in the first laying stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The effect of water restriction on milk yield and composition, feed intake, body weight and blood parameters was evaluated in Comisana sheep reared under intensive condition. The experiment, lasted 40 days, was performed on 26 lactating ewes subdivided into three treatment groups; the control T group received water ad libitum (W-100) and Group 1 (W-80) and Group 2 (W-60) were watered, respectively, with 80 and 60% of the water consumed by the control T group. Water was supplied in the morning once a day while feed twice. Milk quality analysis was performed every 10 days for pH, fat, total protein, lactose and somatic cell content. Serum samples, performed at days 0, 13, 26 and 40, were analyzed for glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, total proteins, albumin, sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride. Compared to W-100, W-60 was significantly different (P <0.05) for body weight and serum potassium levels and showed an increase (P <0.01) in serum concentrations of triglycerides, albumin, total proteins and cholesterol (P <0.05). Total proteins, triglycerides and sodium levels increased (P <0.05) in W-80. Body weight showed a significant difference (P <0.05) only in W-60 if compared to W-100. No significant differences were observed in milk yield, milk composition and feed intake across the treatment groups. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Japanese quail housing for eggs and meat quail production had an upward trend during the last decades because quail's eggs and meat are well known for their qualities (high and well-balanced nutritive value, special taste), and also because herbal medicine is recommending the consumption of these products in a dietetic manner and with well-known therapeutically effects. The purpose of this research was to settle the productive performances at the egg-meat Balotesti quail population during the 35 weeks of egg production. The productive performances were studied at the 600 quails from the mix Balotesti quail population. After the completion of the research, it has been established that the average of egg production percent during the 35 weeks of egg production is 69.86±1.03%, while the average of feed consumption during the 35 weeks of egg production was of 34.44±0.52g per head/day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research was performed on 162 laying hens, Roso- SL hybrid, divided in three groups, 54 heads/group. Organic Se (Sel-plex) was supplemented in total mixed ratio (TMR) in group 2E using a proportion of 0.03%, and in group 3E of 0,045%. The trial developed within 14 weeks, second laying stage (48 weeks - 62 weeks of age), respectively. The laying hens were individual weighted, in the beginning and in the end of the trial. During trial, the following issues were studied: evolution of body weight, laying intensity, average weight of eggs, forage consumption by egg, egg structure, eggshell quality and Se content in egg. The use of 0.03% organic selenium (Sel-plex) in group 2E and the use of 0,045 % organic selenium in feed administered to group 3E determined an increase of laying intensity by 3.23% (G3-E) and 1,23% (G2-E), reducing specific consumption by egg by 3.03%, (G3-E) and 0,26% (G2-E) and the reduction of the number of eggs with shell abnormalities at 1,14% (G3-E) and 1,56% (G2-E) towards 2,42% in group G1 (C). Also the egg enriches in selenium (20,15 µg/ egg at G2-E, towards 16,62 µg/egg at G1-C). The results obtained confirm the favorable influence of the organic selenium on the main production and consumption indices, as well as on the egg quality of laying hens in the second laying stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Were analysed the productive performances for 1619 Romanian Black Pied (RBP) primiparous, representing 36.21% from total population belonging to AGCTR from 17 Counties. Except Constanta County, primiparous cows represent a high proportion in the age structure of the farms and have a superior genetic value towards previous generations. Average milk production on normal lactation at the analysed batch was of 6992.88 kg milk, with the superior limit of 16095 kg milk and standard deviation s = 1096.88 kg. Length of total lactation has a medium value of 350.91 days, gestation period of 286 days and number of insemination for one gestation of 1.07, with limits ranking between 1 and 5 artificial insemination, and age at first calving of 28.4 month. Those performances enlighten the superior genetic value of primiparous and the perspectives of accomplishing of some productive indexes at the level of the countries with valuables nucleus of Friesian cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research carried out by the Chemical SRL Company in partnership with the University of Milan on broiler chicken, regarding the replacement of soybean meal with guar meal (Guar 60PF and Guar 70 PFR) highlighted a higher body mass for the groups that received Guar 70 PFR and Guar 60 PF, the control group showing smaller body mass values. Regarding the average daily gain, the higher values were recorded in the experimental groups, the highest value being recorded in Guar 70 PFR group, followed by the Guar 60 PF group, and the control group. The food conversion ratio was lower for the Guar 70 PFR and Guar 60 PF groups. Other authors reported that guar meal administered in low doses (2.5% and 5%) in feeds had no negative effects on the growth performances of broiler chickens, whereas higher doses (7.5 and 10%) negatively influenced both growth performances and broiler chickens’ health. After partially replacing the soybean meal with guar meal in broiler chicken feeds, no negative effects on body mass evolution, weight gain, feed conversion and carcass quality in broiler chicken were reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]