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Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Historia Agraria is the property of Historia Agraria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario Electrónico de Estudios en Comunicación Social 'Disertaciones' is the property of Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Senora del Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Basados en las Cuentas Satélites del Turismo desde el 2015 al 2020 (MINCETUR 2021 y 2022), este trabajo estima los multiplicadores Tipo I y Tipo II del turismo en el Perú para los años 2015, 2019 y 2020. La metodología, basada en matrices insumo-producto, indica que los multiplicadores Tipo I y II son determinados por: la tecnología (a través de los coeficientes técnicos de la matriz insumo producto; los eslabonamientos entre los sectores del turismo y el resto de los sectores); y las participaciones en producción, valor agregado y empleo de sectores turísticos de los equivalentes para la economía; y de la demanda o consumo de los hogares. El resultado más destacado de las estimaciones del período 2015-2020 es que las órdenes de magnitud de los multiplicadores del complejo turístico han sido similares, los del Tipo I y los de Tipo II, implicando que la caída del empleo y PBI turístico en el 2020 se debe en parte a la caída drástica de la demanda turística. La demanda turística disminuyó en la contribución al PBI de la economía del 7% en el 2019 a 2.5% el 2020.

La alfarería es una de las actividades productivas más extendida y mejor conocida en cualquier espacio y momento de la Edad Media en la Península Ibérica. En particular, nuestro conocimiento acerca de su morfología y tecnología productiva dista mucho de otros aspectos que también son fundamentales. Con este trabajo pretendemos profundizar en uno de esos aspectos, la morfología y evolución del espacio artesanal en el entramado urbano de la ciudad de Granada durante los siglos XII-XVI. Empleando los informes de actividades arqueológicas urbanas junto con documentación inédita del Archivo Histórico de Protocolos de Granada y Archivo de la Real Chancillería de Granada hemos logrado proporcionar una visión espacial concreta acerca de esta actividad productiva, identificando, caracterizando y fijando en el parcelario urbano una tendencia al traslado de estos talleres hacia una posición excéntrica, reflexionando sobre sus motivaciones e implicaciones, no siempre correctamente planteadas.

Las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMEs), son el soporte para el impulso del desarrollo mediante la producción y venta de sus productos. El aspecto a estudiar es la merma de la producción, consecuencia de la lentitud en la reactivación económica de estas firmas desde los sucesos relativos a la pandemia en el año 2020. La investigación busca reconocer las medidas y consecuencias con el fin de abordar y resolver el problema identificado. Esto se logrará mediante la aplicación de la Teoría de Efectos Olvidados (TEO), que no siempre son captados por los estudiosos del tema, a fin de reducir vacilaciones y decidir de modo más certero. Metodológicamente, la investigación tiene un enfoque descriptivo de tipo mixto, donde se implementa el método analítico sintético. Se aplicaron encuestas dirigidas a sujetos con experticia en materia de producción, mediante el uso de la escala endecadaria empleando la lógica difusa para desarrollar una matriz cuadrada de efectos olvidados identificando así la variable subyacente. Los resultados revelan cambios en la forma de comportamiento a partir de la sinergia, lo cual impacta positivamente en el aumento de la productividad mediante la disminución de los costos. Finalmente, al aplicar las orientaciones de los estudiosos y obtener una matriz que relaciona las variables cualitativas, a partir de vínculos causa y efecto, se obtiene un criterio que facilita las decisiones y la posibilidad de las empresas de disponer aumentos de producción para el fortalecimiento de las Pymes Industriales de Cuenca.

En este trabajo, abordamos los inicios de la construcción en altura en Chile, desde el punto de vista del proceso de innovación técnica y cambio social en Santiago y Valparaíso durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX. Nos enfocamos en la consolidación en la práctica constructiva de las nuevas técnicas de construcción en hormigón armado, así como también en la implementación de los primeros sistemas de instalaciones en los edificios. Para abordar estas cuestiones, estudiamos las problemáticas suscitadas en este período en casos representativos que definimos por períodos relevantes, en una síntesis técnica-arquitectónica para discutir de qué forma los sistemas constructivos y estructurales, así como de sistemas de instalaciones dieron forma a esta transición. Esto nos permite entender el proceso de innovación técnico-arquitectónico, que se dio de forma paulatina y articulado a través de redes profesionales, técnicas, comerciales y financieras con alcance local e internacional. Estas redes promovieron el cambio con objetivos diversos, consolidando nuevos estándares técnicos y un nuevo imaginario cultural que se transformó hacia nuevos patrones de construcción en altura en Chile durante este período.

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Secuencia: Revista de Historia y Ciencias Sociales is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones - Dr. Jose M. Luis Mora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anales del Seminario de Historia de la Filosofía is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Amazonia Investiga is the property of PRIMMATE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista FACE is the property of Universidad de Pamplona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La producción de banano orgánico (Musa AAA L.) es uno de los principales productos de exportación de la República Dominicana al mercado de EE. UU. y Europa. Este cultivo se ve afectado aproximadamente en un 50 % del área foliar, por la enfermedad Sigatoka negra agente causal Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morolet. El control de esta enfermedad con agroquímicos es común, esto restringe su carácter orgánico y la factibilidad de comercialización, lo que trae como consecuencia dificultades para su control. El objetivo fue el uso de bacterias autóctonas promotoras del crecimiento vegetal (PGPR) en el control de Mycosphaerella fijiensis en plantaciones de banano orgánico. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Los tratamientos fueron tres bacterias (MAM21, DARA33 y MOSY21) y un testigo; y se evaluaron 10 plantas/tratamiento. Las plantas fueron inoculadas en vivero con un caldo bacteriano a razón de 20 ml c/u, a una concentración aproximada 6x108 UFC ml-1, una semana antes de la siembra. Se midieron las variables indicadoras de evolución de la enfermedad Sigatoka negra correctivo evolución (CE), suma bruta (SB), suma evolutiva (SEV), estado evolutivo (EE). Desarrollo: altura de la planta (AL), grosor del pseudotallo (PS), número de hojas (NH) y productividad del banano: peso del racimo, grado del dedo. Se realizaron los análisis estadísticos ANOVA, Test de Duncan y Análisis de Componente Principal (ACP). Los resultados muestran al tratamiento MOSY21 (P. plecoglossicida) con estado evolutivo de la enfermedad Sigatoka negra en cero en diferentes semanas, así como mejor desarrollo de la planta y productividad. Estas bacterias pueden ser usadas en el fomento de la agricultura orgánica ya que, ayudan a mejorar el desarrollo de las plantas y la productividad.

Uno de los problemas principales en una empresa es que las líneas de producción paren por falta de material, generando costos adicionales al cubrir con tiempo extra la producción perdida, y el riesgo de no cumplir con las entregas a tiempo con el cliente, lo que provocaría perderlo. En este sentido, el presente trabajo de investigación tiene la intención de analizar cómo la logística influye para que las líneas de producción en una empresa no se vean afectadas por falta de material. El enfoque metodológico que se usará será cualitativo de carácter descriptivo, ya que se utiliza teoría fundamentada como base del objeto de estudio. Sin duda, la logística juega un papel importante dentro de las organizaciones empresariales, ya que garantiza que las líneas de producción siempre tengan la materia prima disponible para evitar problemas derivados de la falta de material. Además, se puede agregar que con la logística se pueden reducir los costos operativos por falta de material, así como efectuar que el cliente reciba el producto final en el tiempo establecido y con la calidad que se requiere.

La decoración arquitectónica de los monumentos ibéricos se caracteriza por presentar “influencias” mediterráneas, especialmente del mundo jonio-focense arcaico con el que la historiografía relaciona muchos casos peninsulares. En este trabajo se pretende, por un lado, plantear un marco teórico-metodológico basado en la “Arqueología de la producción arquitectónica” que permita superar el concepto de “influencia” y hablar de la transferencia y adaptación del conocimiento técnico entre grupos de artesanos. Por otro lado, se argumenta que dicho conocimiento técnico, aunque griego, no procede exclusivamente del mundo jonio-focense. Para ello se analiza el taller ibérico “del Valle del Segura y Corredor de Montesa” (s. V-IV a.C.). Se defiende así la relación directa de este centro con artesanos greco-continentales de quienes recibió nociones técnicas que adaptó a la decoración de sus pilares-estela. Esto lleva a reflexionar sobre la presencia de artesanos especializados griegos en el sureste peninsular y sobre el papel que allí desempeñaron.

El presente artículo de Sraffa es uno de los trabajos que más revolucionaron el pensamiento económico en las primeras décadas del siglo XX, y es el punto de arranque, si no de muchos libros, sí de una tendencia que cada vez se extiende más en toda la literatura económica, en el sentido de modificar la teoría tradicional del valor de acuerdo con la idea de la competencia imperfecta o monopolística.Clasificación JEL:D41, D46, D47.

El objetivo fue proponer el diseño de un Semillero de Investigación Ayni, para fortalecer la práctica investigativa y la producción de conocimientos en el Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Educación e Investigación Versión III de la Universidad Pública de El Alto. El paradigma de la investigación fue el pospositivista, enfoque mixto, enmarcado bajo el diseño descriptivo – propositivo. La población fue de 32 participantes y la muestra cuantitativa fue de 25 estudiantes de posgrado y la cualitativa de cuatro estudiantes, dos docentes y el coordinador del programa de posgrado; a los cuales se le aplicó la encuesta con los instrumentos entrevista a profundidad y el cuestionario. Resultando la creación del semillero evidenciando el abordaje de nuevas tendencias y teorías en el ámbito de cómo hacer investigación. Se concluyó que en Bolivia queda un largo camino para mejorar los actuales niveles de producción de conocimientos y de investigación.

In 2021, the law “16/2021, de 14 de diciembre, por la que se modifica la Ley 12/2013, de 2 de agosto, de medidas para mejorar el funcionamiento de la cadena alimentaria” came into effect. The law has been adopted to transpose the Directive (EU) 2019/633 of the European Parliament and of the council of 17 April 2019 on unfair trading practices in business-to-business relationships in the agricultural and food supply chain. However, the national legislation incorporates novelties that go beyond the Community act. This commentary aims to analyse the regulatory provisions of the Food Chain Act, following the amendments introduced, from a public law perspective. This is because most of the studies on the subject have been carried out from the perspective of private law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores the competition between gas and electricity companies in Spain and France from 1890 to 1918 for consumer market dominance, examining the various advertising and commercial strategies employed by companies in both sectors. In addition to assessing the development and evolution of the production and consumption of these two forms of energy in each country, the study analyzes a representative sample of promotional materials (posters, print advertisements, brochures, catalogues, etc.) that marketed a range of appliances and consumer goods powered by either gas or electricity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the aerospace industry located in Mexico through indicators that are based on production, exports, and imports. Methodology: Is qualitative methodology, through indicators such as: The degree of export openness, import penetration, relative trade balance and the tradability index. Results: Confirm the hypothesis that the importance of this industry for the case of Mexico in particular lies in exports and that these are greater than imports, having positive consequences on the behavior of the trade balance of the aerospace industry. Limitations: Some limitations to the study are the records in the Banxico database that only indicate the total amount of imports and exports, but not the type of product manufactured, so it cannot be determined in what type of aerospace equipment Mexico specializes. Conclusions: The data obtained allows us to conclude that Mexico has a competitive aerospace industry in general terms, even in times of pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To know the current state of research on the evaluation of the Carbon Footprint (CF) of coffee and its value chain. Methodology: A systematized review of literature from international bibliographic databases was conducted, identifying five aspects; 1) place of assessment, 2) scope of the assessment, 3) methodology used, 4) result of the CF, and 5) functional unit of measurement considered. Results: Sixteen articles from 16 countries were reviewed, evaluating different scopes of the coffee production chain. Six different methodologies were applied, including international standards and specialized software. The calculated CF ranges from 0.12 kg/CO2eq to 14.61 kg/CO2eq depending on the scope of the research in the coffee production chain. Limitations: Scarce collection of publications obtained in the systematized search process. Conclusions: There is a need to increase research on the subject in small-scale production areas, since most of the methodologies and applications have focused on areas where the grain production and technification are concentrated, leaving aside other production areas that require attention with respect to their production processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a bibliographic review was carried out based on agricultural, agroecological and agroforestry systems and subsystems, which, over the years, have been replicated and implemented in most of the Ecuadorian territory; focusing on the traditional and representative agricultural systems of each region of the country, such as the Andean Chakra (Sierra), Finca Montubia (Coast) and Aja Shuar (Amazon), which are currently used in order to know, improve and take advantage of efficiently natural resources with the help of silvopastoral, agrosilvopastoral and shifting agriculture systems, which are components of the agroforestry system. In addition, it is intended to analyze the impact of the systems on the management and conservation of resources, soils, solid waste, socio-economic and political-institutional aspects, which contribute to ecological integrity and the promotion of sustainable human development in different areas of the country; through which it has been possible to implement a variety of production processes for the transformation and commercialization of products. Likewise, new mechanisms are emerging that aim to develop forms of sustainable production with environmentalist tendencies, which raise the need to replace the dominant models of agricultural production with more sustainable ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article by Sraffa is one of the works that most revolutionized economic thought in the first decades of the 20th century, and is the starting point, if not for many books, then for a trend that is increasingly spreading throughout economic literature in the sense of modifying the traditional theory of value following the idea of imperfect or monopolistic competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polis (07176554) is the property of Polis - Revista Academica Universidad Bolivariana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of @limentech: Ciencia y Tecnología Alimentaria is the property of Journal @limentech, University of Pamplona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Imafronte. Revista de Historia del Arte is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista U.D.C.A Actualidad & Divulgación Científica is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Espacio, Tiempo y Forma. Serie III, Historia Medieval is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agroindustria, Sociedad y Ambiente is the property of Revista Cientifica Agroindustria, Sociedad y Ambiente, ASA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Spal: Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueologia de la Universidad de Sevilla is the property of Spal. Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueologia de la Universidad de Sevilla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Roca: Revista Científico-Educacional de la Provincia de Granma is the property of Universidad de Granma, Departamento Editorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)