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This study aims to determine the relationship between pre-service elementary mathematics teachers' e-learning styles, educational technology self-efficacy perceptions, and problem-solving skills. The sample of the study, in which the relational screening model was used, consists of 150 pre-service teachers studying in a state university's elementary mathematics teaching department. Of the participants, 68% (n=102) were female and 32% (n=48) were male. Data collection tools, e-learning styles, education technology self-efficacy, and measurement tools consisting of non-routine problems were used to determine problem solving skills and an information form. Pearson product-moment correlation technique and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data set. According to the study's findings, significant relationships were determined between the subdimensions of e-learning styles, education technology self-efficacy, and problem-solving skills. Predictive variables consisting of sub-dimensions of e-learning styles and education technology self-efficacy explained 36% of the variance of the problem solving skill. At the same time, audio-visual learning, verbal learning, active learning, logical learning, modeling digital-age work and learning, designing and developing digital-age learning experiences and assessments, and engaging in professional growth and leadership variables were effective in problem-solving. Finally, according to the findings, some suggestions are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Team-based learning (TBL) teaching models are a student-centered teaching model widely used in Europe and the United States but are just beginning to be used in China. This research conducted a synthesis of previous scientific studies on the use of the TBL teaching model in Chinese undergraduate education to explore the impact of two main objectives: the TBL teaching model on Chinese undergraduate students' achievement and sustainability skills and using systematic Evaluation and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method to searched and screened 30 articles using China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and google scholar, which was published from 2013 to 2023. The results of this study show that TBL teaching model is effective in improving Chinese undergraduate students' achievement, problem-solving skills and teamwork skills. Therefore, TBL teaching model can be implemented in Chinese undergraduate education. Still, the use of TBL teaching model is narrow due to its late start in China. More rigorous methodology and mixed-methods design of the study are needed to improve the transferability of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problem-solving skills have many benefits, especially for lifelong learning. Learners are equipped with these abilities to be able to survive in life and in their profession. Problem-solving skill is closely related to cognitive ability and critical thinking skill. This research aims at determining the contribution of students’ cognitive ability and critical thinking skill on their problem-solving skill. This correlational research included 127 students taking education profession courses. The collected data were analyzed using correlation regression SPSS Version 23 software. The results of the data analysis showed that students’ cognitive abilitys and critical thinking skills had a significant correlation with their problem-solving skills. The relative contribution of the cognitive ability and the critical thinking skill was 94.8%. While the effective contribution of cognitive ability and critical thinking skills toward the students’ problem-solving skills was 68.4% and 26.4% respectively. The positive correlation among these variables can be used as a basis for implementing the case method in classroom learning activities in that the implementation of the case method has positive effects on the student’s cognitive abilitys, critical thinking skills, and problem-solving skills in Biology Education students.

Many education and learning experts currently recommend the flipped classroom model as an alternative to learning after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to explore the impact of the flipped classroom model on social skills and problemsolving skills for cadets. This research used a sequential mix method involving 50 maritime students in semester 7 of the Engineering Study Program at the Maritime Sciences Polytechnic Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Researchers used two main instruments, namely problem-solving skill tests and interviews. Furthermore, in the quantitative analysis, the researcher ran paired sample t-tests and one-way Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) using the SPSS 25.00 program. In addition, researchers also analysed qualitative data from interviews using thematic analysis techniques. The results showed that the flipped classroom model proved to have a positive effect on the problem-solving skills of maritime students. Other findings state that the cadets also respond positively to the flipped classroom model. Researchers recommend that teachers use the flipped classroom model, especially in dealing with learning in the post-pandemic era, like today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The post-pandemic has affected all educational institutions, including TVET. The situation has shifted fully online learning into a blended one, conducted online through e-learning and onsite through face-to-face learning. In this learning, students must do self-directed learning before coming to the class, known as the flipped classroom method. On the other hand, to trigger their effort to do so, applying the case method is valuable to improve their problem-solving skill. Therefore, the flipped classroom and case method integration needs to be implemented. In the flipped classroom method, students must use CAI media to optimise the learning outcome. This study aims to see the effectiveness of integrating CAI into case method-flipped classrooms in improving the problem-solving skills and learning outcomes of TVET students. This study used a quasi-experiment with a pretest and post-test control group design. The research instruments were a questionnaire and an achievement test with 62 participants. Based on the results, it was found that there was a significant difference in students' problemsolving skills and learning outcomes between control and experimental groups. Research findings showed substantial improvements in students' material understanding and problem-solving skills. Students reported high engagement and satisfaction with the proposed interactive learning model. Thus, it can be concluded that the CAIintegrated Case Method-Flipped Classroom effectively improves TVET students' problem-solving skills and learning outcomes. The novelty of this research is that it offers an innovation from various learning models in TVET that TVET educators can implement. The model provides time efficiency availability of such a lead-in that bridges the initial material to the primary material. Hence, the investigation results in this study provide a new knowledge reference for the TVET education curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Children and adolescents are the assets of the society and their mental and physical health ensures the future health of next generations. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of problem-solving and assertiveness skill training on improving self-esteem and mental health in high school female students of Isfahan city in 2019. Methods This study was a randomized clinical trial. The target population was 10th grade female high school students in Isfahan city of Iran. 96 students of a female public high school were included in the study, allocated to two groups, 32 for intervention group and 64 for control group. Six 90-min sessions were considered for problem-solving and assertiveness skill training which included lectures, question and answer, movie displaying, brainstorming and role-play. The Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory Questionnaire (CSEI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used in order to evaluate the variables of the study before and one month after the intervention. Results Mean scores of the self-esteem variable changed significantly in the intervention group compared to control group before (25.2 ± 2.905) and after (29.9 ± 4.155) the intervention (p

Although, the police are the main responsible for the prevention of drugs and psychotropic substance, due to the complexity and prevalence of this phenomenon, efforts are being made to use the capacities of the society like the youth to prevent this social pathology. This survey has investigated the youth participation in the prevention of the drugs and psychotropic substance and to examine its relationship with responsibility, police performance, awareness from the drugs consequences, problem solving skill, and some demographic variables. Population is the youth aged 18 to 30 in Yasouj, Gachsaran, and Dehdasht, that 332 cases were selected using the multi-stage random sampling method. Research instruments for measuring the participation in the prevention of the drugs, responsibility, police performance, and awareness from the drugs consequences are the researcher-made questionnaires, that their validity and reliability were assessed using the content validity and the Cronbach’s coefficient respectively. Furthermore, to measure the problem solving skill, the questionnaire prepared by D’Zurilla et al (2002) was employed. The descriptive findings showed that, the youth participation in the prevention of the drugs and psychotropic substance is on average and in particular, in the formal dimension (interaction & cooperation with police) is low. In addition, the analytical findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between police performance, awareness from the drugs consequences, problem solving skill, and the residency in Gachsaran, and the youth participation in the prevention of the drugs. The above-mentioned variables explain .206 of the variance of the dependent variable.

Background: Children and adolescents are the assets of the society and their mental and physical health ensures the future health of next generations. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of problem-solving and assertiveness skill training on improving self-esteem and mental health in high school female students of Isfahan city in 2019. Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial. The target population was 10th grade female high school students in Isfahan city of Iran. 96 students of a female public high school were included in the study, allocated to two groups, 32 for intervention group and 64 for control group. Six 90-min sessions were considered for problem-solving and assertiveness skill training which included lectures, question and answer, movie displaying, brainstorming and role-play. The Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory Questionnaire (CSEI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used in order to evaluate the variables of the study before and one month after the intervention. Results: Mean scores of the self-esteem variable changed significantly in the intervention group compared to control group before (25.2 ± 2.905) and after (29.9 ± 4.155) the intervention (p < 0.05). Mean scores of mental health also changed significantly before (27.67 ± 5.42) and after (19.033 ± 4.9) the intervention in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that educational intervention based on problem-solving and assertiveness can enhance self-esteem and mental health in students. Future studies are needed to confirm and determine the structure of these associations. Trial Registration IRCT Code: IRCT20171230038142N9. Registration Date: 07/07/2019. Ethics Code: IR.MUI.MED.REC.1398.130. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning problem-solving in mathematics was a challenge for both learners and teachers because of its complexity. Development of the skill necessitates understanding towards common observable predictors to depict the viable actions of typical students. This study created a model that determines the predictors' direct and indirect effects on mathematics problem-solving efficiency. It utilized predictive correlation design using multiple regression analysis to examine the hypothesized predictors. Results showed that self-efficacy and English proficiency did not directly influence the ability to perform in problem-solving; analytical-logical does otherwise. Notable findings displayed an inverse relationship of study habits among students. With that, improving analytical-logical skills promotes greater learning along with the development of English proficiency and self-efficacy. Furthermore, the study habits of mathematics majors were not meaningful because of the potential exposure to problem-solving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aims: A direct relationship between infertility in women and their exposure to domestic violence has been reported, and several interventions have been suggested to reduce the exposure to violence in infertile women. The current study aims to assess the effect of problem-solving skill training (PSST) on the exposure of Iranian infertile women to domestic violence. Materials & Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test/follow-up design using a control group, which was conducted in the infertility clinic of Shahid Akbarabadi Hospital affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. A total of 80 infertile women who had experienced domestic violence participated in this study. The samples were selected using a convenience sampling method and were divided into two groups of intervention (n=40) and control (n=40) by the block randomization method. The intervention group received PSST online at 4 sessions per week each for 2 hours. The samples were followed up two months after training. To collect data, a demographic and obstetric form and the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CST2) were used. Data analysis was done in SPSS v.16 software by using t-test, chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon test. Results: Totally, 38 participants in the control group and 34 in the intervention group were followed up. Physical assault, psychological aggression, sexual coercion, sustained injury, and the negotiation did not show significant differences between the two groups before and after intervention (P>0.05). The mean of psychological aggression significantly increased after the intervention in both control (P=0.001) and intervention (P=0.026) groups. Conclusion: PSST do not cause a significant difference in exposure to domestic violence between intervention and control groups of infertile women. The increase in exposure to psychological aggression in both groups after PSST can be due to the coincidence of the study with the COVID-19 pandemic. Further studies are recommended to provide PSST by face-to-face method along with exercises and group activities and teaching other skills such as communication skills.

The purpose of this study was to compile and statistically analyze the results of research studies that examined students' problem-solving skills in worksheets. The research method used was a meta-analysis. The study search was conducted from 2013 to 2022 in Google Scholar and the Garuda portal databases. The search yielded 40 studies that met the inclusion criteria for extraction from research and development, experimental, and quasi-experimental. From the extracted results, 45 comparisons of data were examined. Microsoft Excel was used to calculate the effect size of the problem-solving worksheet. This study yielded a value of 1.281 for the entire study, indicating that the worksheet had a significant and positive impact on students' problem-solving skills. The results indicate the need to develop worksheets to improve students' problem-solving skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of design-based STEM activities developed by prospective secondary school maths teachers on their problem-solving skills and scientific creativity. An explanatory sequential mixed methods design was used in the current study, involving 45 senior students (i.e., prospective secondary school maths teachers) studying at a state university in the West Black Sea Region, Turkey during the academic year 2018/19. The participants were selected according to a purposive sampling method to be involved in our study, which was conducted during a course named “Science, Technology, and Society,” and the implementation stage, of which took a total of 14 weeks, as three course hours per week. The “Problem Solving Inventory” (PSI) and “Scientific Creativity Test” (SCT) were used for the purpose of obtaining the quantitative data of the research, whereas interviews were conducted with the prospective teachers for collecting the qualitative data. The quantitative data were analyzed using a dependent t-test, while qualitative data was analyzed by descriptive analysis. A slight increase was detected in participants’ problem-solving skills in relation to developing STEM activities, though not statistically significant. However, as a result of the implementation process, the scientific creativity of prospective teachers turned out to increase in such a way that it indicated a statistically significant difference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify the effects of teaching Mathematical Physics II (FIS1221) through blended learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on problem-solving skills, learning motivation, and student engagement at Ganesha University. The study followed a pre-experimental approach. The research subjects consisted of 27 fourthsemester students. The pre- and post-test data on the problem-solving ability were collected through a problem-solving test, while the learning motivation data were gathered using a questionnaire. Data on learning engagement were collected only post-test using a questionnaire. Data analysis was done descriptively, and t-test was used for analysing the problem-solving ability and learning motivation. Additionally, data on learning engagement were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed (1) a significant difference between the average score of the pre- and post-test problem-solving abilities; (2) a significant difference between the average score of the pre- and post-test learning motivation; and (3) a difference in student engagement scores with standard scores specified (a passing grade). Therefore, blended learning is an effective approach for developing problem-solving skills, learning motivation, and student engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problem-solving is one of the most important twenty-first-century skills and should be acquired at an early age. Since programming is a kind of problem-solving process, it may be seen in the context of problem-solving skills development. Hence, this study aims to identify the effectiveness of one of the most popular programming tools "Scratch" on middle school students' problem-solving skills. For this purpose, this current study's implementation lasted for a period of 14 weeks, based on the 'Information Technologies and Software' course at 2 h per week. The course curriculum was conducted for both 18 middle school students in an experimental group and 16 middle school students in a control group at least one hour per week while in the second hour, the control group worked on the activities that the coursebook included and the experimental group engaged in game design activities using Scratch. The Problem Solving Inventory for Children (PSIC) was used as a data collection tool in order to examine the participants' self-perception with regard to their problem-solving skills. MANOVA, ANOVA, and t-tests were employed in the analysis of the obtained data. The study showed that game design activities with Scratch increased the problem-solving skills of the participants. In this context, game design activities with coding tools can be employed with children in order to help them gain problem-solving skills at an early age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to investigate the problem-solving skills of the students getting professional music training. For this study, the problem-solving inventory was administered to participants from two different universities in Turkey. Participants' problem-solving skills were assessed in relation to the overall inventory and subscales, and the differences based on grade level, gender, and universities were examined using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results revealed that participants occasionally used their problem-solving skills, rarely felt confident in their problem-solving skills, and occasionally performed the behaviors in the subscales of approach-avoidance and personal control. The grade level differentiated music students' problemsolving skills in the overall scale and approach-avoidance subscale. It is also found that there are no significant differences in students' problem-solving skills based on gender. However, the participants' universities led to significant differences in the approach-avoidance subscale. The results were discussed considering the literature, and the recommendations were suggested due to the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan pola pemecahan masalah berdasarkan tingkat pemecahan masalah peserta didik melalui pembelajaran flipped classroom berbasis proyek. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan quasi eksperimen dengan desain one-group pretest-postest desaign. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMAN 14 Semarang tahun ajaran 2019/2020 dengan subjek penelitian 65 peserta didik kelas XI MIPA. Sampel diperoleh melalui teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan tes dan wawancara. Analisis data kemampuan pemecahan masalah dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik dalam pembelajaran flipped classroom berbasis proyek tergolong tinggi dengan jumlah peserta didik 57%. Peserta didik memiliki pola pemecahan masalah yang berbeda-beda berdasarkan tingkat pemecahan masalah. Peserta didik kategori sangat tinggi melakukan penyelesaian dengan membaca, memahami masalah, menganalisis, merencanakan strategi penyelesaian, menerapkan dan mengevaluasi seluruh solusi. Peserta didik kategori tinggi melakukan penyelesaian dengan membaca, memahami masalah, menganalisis, merencanakan strategi penyelesaian, menerapkan dan mengevaluasi solusi matematis. Peserta didik kategori rendah melakukan penyelesaian dengan membaca, memahami masalah, menganalisis, menentukan masalah. Kata kunci: kemampuan pemecahan masalah; pola pemecahan masalah; flipped classroom berbasis proyek. ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the ability of problem-solving and problem-solving patterns based on the level of problem-solving of students through project-based flipped classroom learning. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest village design. The study was conducted at SMAN 14 Semarang in the academic year 2019/2020 with the research subjects 65 students of class XI MIPA. Samples were obtained through a purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques are done using tests and interviews. Data analysis of problem-solving ability is done descriptively. The results show that the students' problem-solving ability in project-based flipped classroom learning is relatively high with 57% of students. Students have different patterns of problem-solving based on the level of problem-solving. Very high category students complete the solution by reading, understanding the problem, analyzing, planning a settlement strategy, implementing and evaluating all solutions. High category students do the settlement by reading, understanding the problem, analyzing, planning a settlement strategy, implementing and evaluating mathematical solutions. Low category students do the settlement by reading, understanding the problem, analyzing, determining the problem. Keywords: problem-solving skill; pattern of problem solving; project-based flipped classroom.

Background: Internet addiction is a phenomenon which damages the students’ social, communicative, cognitive, psychological and emotional processes of the students. This study seeks to investigate whether cognitive-behavioral group therapy will improve emotional self-awareness and problem solving ability of students with internet addiction in secondary school. Aims: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of group cognitive-behavioral therapy on emotional self-awareness and problem-solving skill of secondary high school students with internet addiction. Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and 45-day follow-up. The statistical population included all secondary high school students with internet addiction who were 40 students owning the criteria of entering the study and were purposefully selected and randomly replaced into experimental and control groups. The applied instruments in the study included internet addiction questionnaire (Yang, 1996), emotional self-awareness questionnaire (Grant, et.al, 2002) and problem-solving questionnaire (Hepner, 1988). The experimental group received group cognitive-behavioral therapeutic intervention in nine ninety-minute sessions during two-and-a-half months once a week while the control group didn’t receive them. Then the students in both groups took the posttest. The follow-up stage was administered after 45 days. The data analysis of the study was done mixed ANOVA method. Results: The results showed that group cognitive-behavioral therapy has significant effect on emotional self-awareness and problem-solving skill of the students with internet addiction at the posttest and follow-up stages (p

Background and Objective: Increasing development of technology has led to appearance of machines calls robots which have influenced different dimensions of human life. Robotics is one of the newest technologies in today’s world that has a great role in industry today and is gradually expanding throughout human life. Robotics is a new tool that can meet many human needs and influence the attitudes and thoughts of people, especially adolescents, and influence their behavior, because adolescents are interested in gaining new experiences and technology, due to new inventions such as robotics, this need is met. Students feel more comfortable with technology and robotics, because this technology quenches their curiosity. The world of robotics is a combination of electronics, mechanics, software and hardware that is constantly evolving. In other words, a robot is an electromechanical device or intelligent software to replace humans, with the aim of performing various tasks. A machine that can be programmed to execute various commands or perform a series of special tasks, especially those that are beyond the natural capabilities of men. Robotics, due to its interdisciplinary nature, has an attractive approach to education, because it requires expertise in the fields of mathematics and aesthetics, while mathematics strengthens problem-solving thinking and aesthetics strengthens creative thinking. Therefore, it can be said that robotics is effective on students' problem-solving and creative thinking. This study aims to evaluate the effect of robotic education on problem-solving of junior-high school students in physics. Methods: This is a semi-experimental and causal-comparative study. The statistical population includes all schools participating in the robotics training program in Tehran. Using cluster sampling, from 5 districts of Tehran, one district was chosen, and then randomly from its schools, 6 schools with 173 students were selected and 120 students were randomly selected among them. Research tools included a researcher-made questionnaire of problem-solving measurement and an educational package of robotic structures in physics. Its validity was confirmed by content validity method by robotics experts and testers and its reliability was achieved 0.95 using Cronbach's alpha. For data analysis, SPSS software was used in two levels of descriptive statistics (indexes of centrality and frequency) and deductive statistics (independent t-test, variance analysis and covariance analysis). Findings: The findings show there is a significant relationship between educational robotic and problem-solving skills, and also, there is no significant relationship between the effect of robotic education on the level of problem-solving skills among girls and boys students. Conclusion: Robotic education has a significant effect on problem solving skills of high school students. The present study, like any other research, has certain limitations such as using only one research instrument, i.e. questionnaire and not using other instruments and geographical and curricular limitations and training costs and robot construction, and need for advanced workshop equipment. There was a lack of original and standard software. Therefore, it is suggested that the present study be conducted in other geographical areas and in other courses and in places with advanced engineering facilities to increase the probability of generalizations. Based on the findings of this study, it is suggested that arrangements be made to investigate the effect of robotics on students' motivation and learning, and to provide accurate information to provide solutions for the correct use of robotics training. In addition, it is suggested that robotics training methods in other countries be considered to promote the effectiveness of robotics training on students. ===================================================================================== COPYRIGHTS ©2020 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, as long as the original authors and source are cited. No permission is required from the authors or the publishers. =====================================================================================

This study aims to describe the mathematical problem-solving ability of students in solving geometry problem of Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Subjects were selected by considering the result of the mathematics ability of 53 students in grade X through a preliminary problem. Then, the students was grouped into 3 categories: high-skilled subject, medium-skilled subject, and low-skilled subject. From each categories, the researchers picked one student as a research subject considering their communication skills to make researcher easy to describe the subects’ process in solving the problem. The research was held by give each subject a geometry problem that is adapted from PISA problem, and then the researchers provide an interview for each subject. The results of this study analyzed by a descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that the high-skilled subject abled in understanding the problem, planning, and implementing strategy properly, as well as looking back in the calculation section. For the medium-skilled subject already made mistakes in understanding and planning the problem, so that the subject implemented the wrong strategy, besides the subject corrected to the concept only. The low-skilled subject made mistakes in understanding and planing the problem so that the subject implemented the wrong strategy. In addition, the low-skilled subject did not look back at his work.

The environmental problem-solving skill is influenced by many factors, including ecological literacy. This study aims to analyze the relationship between ecological literacy and environmental problem-solving skill in the Adiwiyata school of Tangerang City. The research method that used was quantitative descriptive with survey technique. The number of respondents consisted of 245 students of grade 11th Science from three Adiwiyatas' Senior High Schools in Tangerang City. Ecological literacy was measured by using test and questionnare, while the environmental problem-solving skill was measured using an essay test. The results showed that there was a weak positive relationship through the regression model Ŷ = -18,084 + 0,877X. The correlation coefficient obtained was 0.382 and the determination coefficient was 14.6%. The higher score of the ecological literacy, so the students' environmental problem-solving skill will be better. Based on the results of the study, other schools also need to implement Adiwiyata programs in order to ecological literacy and students' environmental problem-solving skills could be better. ABSTRAK Kemampuan memecahkan masalah lingkungan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk literasi ekologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara literasi ekologi dengan kemampuan memecahkan masalah lingkungan di sekolah Adiwiyata, Kota Tangerang. Metode penelitian yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik survey. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 245 kelas 11 IPA yang berasal dari 3 sekolah Adiwiyata di Kota Tangerang. Literasi ekologi diukur dengan menggunakan tes dan kuesioner, sementara kemampuan memecahkan masalah lingkungan diukur dengan menggunakan tes essai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan dengan tingkatan yang lemah melalui model regresi Ŷ = -18,084 + 0,877X. Koefisien korelasi yang diperoleh sebesar 0.382 dan koefisien determinasi sebesar 14.6%. Semakin tinggi skor literasi ekologi maka kemampuan memecahkan masalah lingkungan siswa akan semakin baik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sekolah lain perlu mengimplementasikan Program Adiwiyata sebagai upaya agar terbentuk literasi ekologi dan kemampuan memecahkan masalah lingkungan yang lebih baik. Kata kunci: sekolah Adiwiyata, literasi ekologi, lingkungan, kemampuan memecahkan masalah

The purpose of this paper is to identifying the statistical estimates of cognitive representation models, problemsolving skill and blocking skill in volleyball, and identifying the relationship between cognitive representation models and the problem-solving skill of the research sample. The two researchers adopted the descriptive approach and the two researchers identified the research community in a deliberate way, and they are thirdyear students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Woman, numbering 34 students, and the sample of the research was 30 students. One of the most important results reached by the researcher is that: The results showed that there is a significant correlation between models of cognitive representation and problem-solving skill of third-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Woman, there is a significant correlation between the cognitive representation models and the blocking skill of the research sample, and there is a contribution rate of models of cognitive representation and problem solving skill in the performance of the blocking skill of the research sample. One of the most important recommendations recommended by the researchers is that: The need to pay attention to the cognitive representation of information by paying attention to the cognitive structures of students while learning the blocking skill, as it helps to develop mathematical performance, and necessity of conducting similar studies on different age groups and different activities (basketball, handball, football). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Evaluation using computerized adaptive tests (CAT) is an alternative to paper-based tests (PBT). This study was aimed at mapping physics problem-solving skills using PhysProSS-CAT on the basis of the item response theory (IRT). The study was conducted inSleman Regency, Yogyakarta, involving 156 students of Grade XI of senior high school. Sampling was done using stratified random sampling technique. The results of the study show that the PhysProSS-CAT is able to accurately measure physics problem-solving skills. Students’ competences in physics problem solving can be mapped as 6% of the very high category, 4% of the high category, 36% of the medium category, 36% of the low category, and 18% of the very low category. This shows that the majority of the students’ competences in physics problem solving lies within the categories of medium and low.

The problems of learning physics have experienced increasingly complex obstacles amid the demands of online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to explain the basic physics learning process through an online system during a pandemic, by evaluating the Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) approach to Problem-Solving Skills (PSS). Data were collected through distributing questionnaires, interviews and documentation studies, then analyzed. This study shows that the applied SRL has been implemented well but has not been optimal in improving PSS in online Basic Physics learning. The unpreparedness of technological devices and the competence of educators and students become obstacles that result in difficulties in solving physics problems so that the expected results are not following the expected learning targets. Also, this study shows the difficulty of learning physics online during the pandemic. Thus, a responsive physics learning model is needed with conditions that allow the delivery of physics material to be well understood, even though it is delivered through digital media. This is a demand that needs the attention of all parties so that the achievement of online learning targets remains optimal and effective in increasing the problem-solving skills of students during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this research is to present the effects of virtual learning environments, specifically designed according to the problem-based learning approach (PBL) for 7th-grade students' science lessons. The effects of these specific environments on students' academic success, problem-solving skills and motivations were carefully analyzed and interpreted. In this context, mixed-method, combining qualitative and quantitative methods, was adopted. The pre-test-post-test control group designs were used in the quantitative dimension of the study and the focus group interview was conducted with the experimental group students to support the quantitative findings. The study group of the research involved 68 students in 7th grade in a secondary school. At the end of the research, on the basis of the quantitative data analysis it can be said that: According to the last-tests of the experimental and control groups, the virtual learning environment designed on the basis of the problem-based learning approach was more efficient on increasing the academic success and problem-solving skills of the experimental group students when compared to the control group students. However, findings of the motivation survey indicate that motivations of the experimental and control groups didn't significantly differentiate. According to the quantitative results of the research, experimental group students delivered positive opinions especially about making lessons more fun and relating to real-life, which are the parts of the virtual learning environment designed according to the problem-based learning approach. It was observed that, in terms of the activities, students had positive opinions mostly about giving the chance to discuss opinions and make interpretations. In addition to this, it was seen that the students believed that their problem-solving skills had developed thanks to the activities. Regarding the topic of conducting group studies while using virtual learning methods, students stated that they had positive opinions as these studies gave them the opportunity to exchange ideas. However, they were disturbed by the fact that there were too many irrelevant interpretations during the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Encountering countless of inevitable problems defines the importance of problem-solving skill in students’ life. Hence, education has an obligation to help students possess all the required life-skills including but not limited to problem-solving skill. This study aims to establish a clear conclusion on how is the teacher's strategy in cultivating students’ problem-solving skill through competitive debate techniques using Asian parliamentary debate system (APDS) in the classroom setting. A qualitative approach was conducted with descriptive qualitative design. Using an online interview as the instrument with a semi-structured format, the researcher collected the data through interviewing an English teacher in Methodist senior high school Banda Aceh, Indonesia. the data collection was conducted in three phases, (1) Pre-data collection; (2) while data collection and; (3) post data collection. Where the collected data were compiled and analyzed in three stages, (1) data condensation; (2) data display, and; (3) data verification. The result showed that the teacher’s strategy was organized in three sequential order starting from pre-activity that consists of strategy in teacher preparation, while activity that pertains to the international procedures modification strategy, and post-activity regarding the teacher’s strategy in doing self-reflection toward the implementation of Asian parliamentary debate system. other relevant tips were also presented.

Learning chemistry in the 21st century should emphasize higher-order thinking skills such as metacognitive and problem-solving skills besides cognitive learning outcomes. Metacognitive needs to be improved so students can practice organizing, monitoring, and evaluating their thinking process in solving chemical problems. Problem-solving needs to develop to train students in making the appropriate decision and scientific explanation when encountering chemical issues. Based on observation results, the metacognitive and problem-solving skills of a pre-service science teacher in Malang, Indonesia, were low. Metacognitive and problem-solving skills are affected by academic-self regulated learning (ASRL) by students. This study aimed to know the effect of the Strategy Meets Augmented Reality Technology-using Problem Based Learning (SMARTPBL) and Academic-self regulated learning (ASRL) on improving metacognitive and problem-solving skills in learning chemistry. The SMART-PBL was modified by Problem Based Learning (PBL) strategy, which assisted by Augmented Reality technology as visual media. The research subject was 64 pre-service science teachers divided into control and experimental class, respectively, of 32 students. The research design was QuasiExperimental, with Nonequivalent Control Group Design using factorial 2x2. The trial class performed SMARTPBL, which showed a more significant influence on metacognitive and problem-solving skills than the PBL class. The SMART-PBL not interacted with ASRL to improve metacognitive and problem-solving skills. By implementing SMART-PBL improves not only metacognitive and problem-solving skills but also evokes creative and critical thinking, communication, and scientific reasoning skills that appear in students during learning chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study mainly aims to investigate the relationship between smartphone addiction in adults and their problem solving skills and the way they deal with stress. It is also intended to examine the sociodemographic variables associated with smartphone addiction. Method: The sample of the study comprises 306 adults (183 female 123 male). Problem Solving Skills Inventory, Coping With Stress Inventory, Smartphone Addiction Scale and Demographic Information Form were used to collect data. The SPSS 25.0 package program was used to analyze the data and the significance level was accepted as p<0.05 in all statistical evaluations. Results: In the study, participants without having self-confident style in coping with stress were hown to have a higher degree of smartphone addiction than those chosen the other coping sytles. Moreover, it was found that smartphone addiction scores are significantly higher in male participants than female, and in those in their early adulthoods than in their middle one, and that the level of smartphone addiction increases as the daily smartphone usage time increases. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it was found that the way of coping with stress was especially effective on smartphone addiction which is currently considered as a behavioral addiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to compare the effectiveness of Guided Inquiry Learning (GIL) and Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model. A number of prior studies have implemented the GIL model for a limited area such as science. Similar to the PBL learning design, the previous studies that highlighted the application of GIL model was commonly targeted to find out its comparison with the traditional learning models. There was no relevant study that specifically compared both models in the explanatory writing activity to discuss the human respiratory system and its disturbances. The current study applied a quasi-experimental design by involving the fifth-grade primary school students of the 2018/19 academic year in Surakarta as the population. Meanwhile, the sample consisted of 162 students that were selected through multi-stage sampling. The data consisted of the students' explanatory writing test scores that were analyzed through a one-way ANOVA. The findings confirm that the GIL model is considered more effective than PBL for the explanatory writing activity due to the students' concrete operational age that still requires teacher-centred guidance in producing explanatory texts. With regards to the condition, the PBL model cannot offer effectiveness for the explanatory writing activity, as the model mainly emphasizes the students' problem-solving skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to seek the light on how the advisors made a use of feedback during supervisory panel and find out how different ways and types of feedback impacted on student-writers’ thesis outcomes. Qualitative study was applied by involving three tenured lecturers at College of Islamic Studies, in Java as the research subjects. Two data collection techniques were applied, such as interview and documentation, to trace evidence on what types of feedback used, how students noticed, and how they impacted on subsequent drafts. This study revealed that indirect feedback using error codes and commentary was the most frequent form used during the advisory session. However, the mere use of feedback could only serve a short-term impact on the development of writing, and even it seemed only to spoon-feed them which could create burdens in writing. It was quite evident that engaging them in such self-regulated and interdependence group works, through problem-solving discussion and peer review, was much worthier as compared to only ask them to process the feedback themselves.

Background and objective: Studies have indicated that metacognitive strategies control and direct cognitive strategies. Thus, application of metacognitive and cognitive strategies together is essential for successful learning to happen. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of metacognitive-oriented instruction on development of problem solving skills in students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental research with pretest/posttest and control group design. The study sample included the students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (n=4283) in the academic year of 2013-2014. A total number of 40 students were selected through convenient sampling method as the study sample. The samples were randomly placed in experimental and control groups. For the experimental group, problem solving skills were taught based on metacognitive strategies in 8 sessions, each session for 1 and half hours. For the control group, however, problem solving skills were taught through conventional teaching method. The instrument for data collection was Heppner’s problem solving inventory (1988) whose validity and reliability were confirmed previously. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, mean and standard deviation, and the hypotheses were tested through t-test. Results: The results of the posttest showed that the total mean of scores for problem solving skills in the experimental group (99.75) was higher than that of the control group (26.800) (p

Problem-solving skills (KMM) is a 21st-century learning skill. This study aims to test the validity and reliability of a KMM instrument for form four students using the Rasch Model. This 31 items instrument was constructed using KMM from the Inventory of Learner Resourcefulness (ILR) that measures planning, evaluating and anticipating constructs. The instrument was administrated to 84 students in a secondary school and data was analyzed using Rasch analysis. The validity of the instrument was assessed through its unidimensionality using Item Fit Statistics, and Principal Component Analysis of Residuals. The reliability of the instrument was examined through the items' reliability index and the respondents. Findings show that KMM instruments are valid and reliable and can measure KMM in the context of secondary students in Malaysia. However, the item polarity analysis shows that the use of sentences in three items can be refined to further enhance their validity and reliability. The construction of this instrument contributes to the increase in the variety of test forms, especially the types of current evaluation that tend to be in the form of self-assessment. Earlier instruments examined aspects of solving certain subjects such as science and mathematics as well as student performance aspects in solving problems step by step, but this instrument focuses on aspects of planning, evaluating and anticipating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to determine problems faced by primary teachers while teaching students' ability to solve problem, identify causes, and suggest solutions to solve these problems. The study has a qualitative design. Study group of this study was consisted of 60 primary school teachers working in elementary schools in Kırşehir city center. Participants were selected with convenient random sampling method. The data of the study was collected through interview form with open-ended questions. In the result of the study, it is determined that the most common problems teachers facing while teaching problem-solving skills are student based. It is figured out that the most important problems are grouped into three groups as "student-based", "program- based" and "teacher-based". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Indigenous people of Dayak tribe in Kalimantan, Indonesia have traditionally relied on a system of mutual cooperation called handep. The cultural context has an influence on students mathematics learning. The handep system might be suitable for modern learning situations to develop mathematical problem-solving skill. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of handep cooperative learning model compared to problem-based learning model on mathematical problem-solving skill of rational exponent material. The research was conducted through pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design. The sample of 66 students was selected from the population of 304 students through cluster random sampling. The mathematical problem-solving skill assessed with essay test of the open-ended question had reliability coefficient of rxx= 0,71. The students' answers scorings were obtained with the rubric of mathematical problem-solving skill. Data analysis is conducted through ANACOVA. The result presents that the mathematical problem-solving skill of students who learned through handep cooperative learning model is better than problem-based learning. Handep cooperative learning model is suitable to enhance the mathematical problem solving skill of students in Kalimantan-Indonesia cultural context. The teacher should construct the instructional material use metacognition questioning strategy and also be familiar to their students' prior knowledge of mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the training of problem-solving and decision-making skills on the reduction of addicts’ positive attitudes to narcotics. Method: The design of this study was experimental design namely: pre and post test with control group. The population included all addicts referring to Sanandaj self-report centers (500 addicts). By random sampling, 60 addicts were selected and completed the attitude questionnaire to narcotics use. Each of experimental groups was under problem-solving and decision-making skills training for ten 90 minute sessions. No training given to control group. Results: After training, two experimental groups significantly had lower levels of positive attitude to narcotics use. No difference was observed between two experimental groups. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the training of problem-solving and decision-making skills can reduce the addicts’ positive attitudes to narcotics.

We conducted a two-group longitudinal partially nested randomized controlled trial to examine whether young adolescent youth–parent dyads participating in Mission Possible: Parents and Kids Who Listen, in contrast to a comparison group, would demonstrate improved problem-solving skill. The intervention is based on the Circumplex Model and Social Problem-Solving Theory. The Circumplex Model posits that families who are balanced, that is characterized by high cohesion and flexibility and open communication, function best. Social Problem-Solving Theory informs the process and skills of problem solving. The Conditional Latent Growth Modeling analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in problem solving among the final sample of 127 dyads in the intervention and comparison groups. Analyses of effect sizes indicated large magnitude group effects for selected scales for youth and dyads portraying a potential for efficacy and identifying for whom the intervention may be efficacious if study limitations and lessons learned were addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]