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The study aimed to assess the safety and probiotic potential of strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LFN10, isolated from Algerian fermented milk "Lben," using genome-sequencing and in vitro approaches. Safety assessments revealed LFN10 as negative for virulence and antibiotic resistance. With favorable physiological and biochemical traits, a versatile carbohydrate metabolism and good exopolysaccharide production abilities, it qualifies as nonstarter culture for food fermentation. The strain displayed resilience to acidic and bile salt stress and exhibited strong cholesterol-lowering capabilities. The moderate interaction with pathogens suggests its potential ability to inhibit them. The strain also demonstrated inhibitory effects on foodborne pathogens. Whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analyses facilitated taxogenomic classification and confirmed the presence of stable chromosomal marker genes associated with probiotic and technological functional qualities. Overall, LFN10 appears as a promising candidate for application as probiotics, which requires further in vivo studies to confirm its safety and efficacy as well as to optimize its application in food and as nutraceuticals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aquaculture is inextricably linked to fish health problems, and the use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) makes it possible to reduce losses caused mainly by bacterial pathogens. The aim of the present study was to isolate, characterize and select potential probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria from the gut of common carp. We focused on obtaining strains that grow well under aerobic conditions to facilitate their future application through feed. After excluding strains with unwanted characteristics in vitro, two isolates of Levilactobacillus brevis were selected for this study. Despite belonging to the same species, the strains were biochemically different. However, both isolates met the in vitro selection criteria for potential probiotics. The tested L. brevis strains showed antagonistic activity against pathogenic bacteria isolated from carp and rainbow trout (Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Acinetobacter junii) and demonstrated co-aggregation ability with pathogens. Both strains tolerated stress well under simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions (i.e., showed acid and bile tolerance) and exhibited auto-aggregation capacity. The tested isolates were nonhemolytic, gelatinase negative and susceptible to most of the antibiotics tested. The cell-free supernatants of both L. brevis isolates exhibited strong immunostimulatory effects on pikeperch head kidney immune cells and immunomodulatory effects on carp immune cells. The results of in vitro tests encourage further research into the probiotic potential of these strains under in vivo conditions.

The present research has investigated the effect of Lactobacillus farraginis (LF) and Enterococcus durans (ED), isolated from kefir, as probiotic on innate immune parameters and expression of IL‐1β and TNF‐1α lysozyme genes in the intestine, as well as resistance to the Lactococcosis in rainbow trout. Four hundred and eighty juveniles (41.9 ± 2.4 g) were divided into eight groups with three replications, including the control, LF1 and LF2 supplemented with 107and 108 Cfu/g feed of each strain, Bactocell equivalent to 1010, ED1 and ED2 with 107 and 108 Cfu/g feed of each strain, combination supplements LF1+ED1 and LF2+ED2 with 5 × 106 and 5 × 107Cfu/g feed of each strain. Compared to control, a significant increase (p < 0.05) was observed in in serum lysozyme, ACH50, C3 and C4, total antibody, bactericidal activities and blood phagocytosis in LF2, Bactocell, LF2+ED2, and ED2 treatments. Besides, lysozyme gene expression in the intestinal tissue of fish treated with LF2, ED2, and Bactocell significantly increased (p < 0.05). A significant increase in TNF‐1α gene expression was also observed in all treatments except LF1 and ED1 (p < 0.05). Moreover, a significant increase in the level of IL‐1β gene expression was observed in all groups, except for ED1 and LF1+ED1, in comparison to the control treatment. After challenge with Lactococcus garvieae, the lowest mortality percentages were recorded for LF2, Bactocell, LF2+ED2, and ED2 treatment compared to the control. The results suggest beneficial effects of kefir derived LAB strains on immune responses, immune‐related genes expression, and disease resistance in rainbow trout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Including probiotics in honeybee nutrition represents a promising solution for mitigating diseases, and recent evidence suggests that various microbes possess mechanisms that can bioremediate environmental pollutants. Thus, the use of probiotics capable of degrading pesticides used in modern agriculture would help to both reduce colony losses due to the exposure of foragers to these toxic molecules and improve honeybee health and wellbeing globally. We conducted in vitro experiments to isolate and identify probiotic candidates from bacterial isolates of the honeybee gut (i.e., endogenous strains) according to their ability to (i) grow in contact with three sublethal concentrations of the pesticide clothianidin (0.15, 1 and 10 ppb) and (ii) degrade clothianidin at 0.15 ppb. The isolated bacterial strains were indeed able to grow in contact with the three sublethal concentrations of clothianidin. Bacterial growth rate differed significantly depending on the probiotic candidate and the clothianidin concentration used. Clothianidin was degraded by seven endogenous honeybee gut bacteria, namely Edwardsiella sp., two Serratia sp., Rahnella sp., Pantoea sp., Hafnia sp. and Enterobacter sp., measured within 72 h under in vitro conditions. Our findings highlight that endogenous bacterial strains may constitute the base material from which to develop a promising probiotic strategy to mitigate the toxic effects of clothianidin exposure on honeybee colony health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacteroides, an abundant genus in the intestines of mammals, has been recently considered as the next generation probiotics (NGP) candidate due to its potential role in promoting host health. However, the role of Bacteroides in the development of intestinal dysfunctions such as diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease, and colorectal cancer should not be overlooked. In the present study, we focused on nine most widely occurred and abundant Bacteroides species and discussed their roles in host immunity, glucose and lipid metabolism and the prevention or induction of diseases. Besides, we also discussed the current methods used in the safety evaluation of Bacteroides species and key opinions about the concerns of these strains for the future use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Including probiotics in honeybee nutrition represents a promising solution for mitigating diseases, and recent evidence suggests that various microbes possess mechanisms that can bioremediate environmental pollutants. Thus, the use of probiotics capable of degrading pesticides used in modern agriculture would help to both reduce colony losses due to the exposure of foragers to these toxic molecules and improve honeybee health and wellbeing globally. We conducted in vitro experiments to isolate and identify probiotic candidates from bacterial isolates of the honeybee gut (i.e., endogenous strains) according to their ability to (i) grow in contact with three sublethal concentrations of the pesticide clothianidin (0.15, 1 and 10 ppb) and (ii) degrade clothianidin at 0.15 ppb. The isolated bacterial strains were indeed able to grow in contact with the three sublethal concentrations of clothianidin. Bacterial growth rate differed significantly depending on the probiotic candidate and the clothianidin concentration used. Clothianidin was degraded by seven endogenous honeybee gut bacteria, namely Edwardsiella sp., two Serratia sp., Rahnella sp., Pantoea sp., Hafnia sp. and Enterobacter sp., measured within 72 h under in vitro conditions. Our findings highlight that endogenous bacterial strains may constitute the base material from which to develop a promising probiotic strategy to mitigate the toxic effects of clothianidin exposure on honeybee colony health.

Latilactobacillus curvatus is a candidate probiotic that has been included in the list of recommended biological agents for certification by the European Food Safety Authority. According to the published genomic information, L. curvatus has several genes that encode metabolic pathways of carbohydrate utilization. In addition, there are some differences in cell surface complex related genes of L. curvatus from different sources. L. curvatus also has several genes that encode bacteriocin production, which can produce Curvacin A and Sakacin P. Due to its ability to produce bacteriocin, it is often used as a bioprotective agent in fermented meat products, to inhibit the growth of a variety of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. L. curvatus exerts some probiotic effects, such as mediating the production of IL-10 by dendritic cells through NF-κB and extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signals to relieve colitis in mice. This review is the first summary of the genomic and biological characteristics of L. curvatus. Our knowledge on its role in the food industry and human health is also discussed, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the development of applications of L. curvatus.

This study is aimed at the isolation and screening of alginate lyase-producing bacteria from the gastrointestinal tracts of hybrid abalone, Haliotis rubra x H. laevigata, as probiotic candidates. Six bacterial isolates were detected to produce alginate lyase. Of these, the isolate with the highest alginate-lyase activity was identified as Enterobacter ludwigii strain EN-119, displaying 99% similarity of 16S rDNA sequence. Further assays indicated that E. ludwigii showed good viability and stability when it was incorporated into manufactured pellets and stored at 4°C for 7 days. The isolate also had high tolerance of high salinity (35 mg/L), low pH in simulated stomach juice (5) and to simulated intestinal juice containing surfactants such as bile salts and gastric enzymes (pepsin and trypsin). Additionally, a short, preliminary study indicated that supplementation of E. ludwigii via manufactured pellets improved the total weight gain and specific growth rate of hybrid abalone. These results suggest that E. ludwigii is a potential probiont for shortening the culture period of hybrid abalone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Probiotics are widely used in agriculture, food, and health. Studies on the role of intestinal commensal bacteria in health promotion have rapidly received much more attention beyond classical pathogens in the last decade. A strategy to modulate the gut microbiota structure is being studied extensively to overcome cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. While traditional probiotics usually show marginal curative effects for these problems, new-generation probiotics have begun to emerge as new preventive and potential therapeutic tools. Recent studies have revealed many potential new-generation probiotics candidates in human microbiota.. A new-generation probiotic candidate, Akkermansia muciniphila, is a GUT bacteria isolated from a human stool sample. A. muciniphila is considered a promising candidate for a new generation of probiotics, which can use mucin as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy, given the physiological benefits from animal and human studies.3 A. muciniphila, which frequently colonizes the intestinal mucosal layer of individuals has been consistently recognized as a promising candidate for new-generation probiotics due to its biological advantages derived from in vitro and in vivo research. Not only as a crucial biomarker of human physiology, but it has also the potential to be a probiotic, given its physiological benefits in various clinical studies.4 In this study, a brief description of Akkermansia muciniphila, which is a common colonizer in the intestinal mucus layer of humans will be given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose on the acidification, composition, microbial viability, sensory characteristics and antioxidant capacity of a dairy beverage fermented with potentially probiotic Limosilactobacillus mucosae CNPC007 in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus , and flavored with Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (jambolan) pulp were investigated during 21 days of refrigerated storage (4 ± 1 °C). The lactose-free trial showed faster acidification during the fermentative process, post-acidification during the storage, slightly lower overall acceptability and anticipated reduction in L. mucosae viability, although remaining above 6.50 log cfu/g at the end of storage. No differences were verified between control and lactose-free dairy beverages in relation to the total phenolic content, DPPH radicals scavenging and EC 50. Jambolan pulp did not affect L. mucosae viability and enhanced by two-fold the parameters of antioxidant capacity in both control and lactose-free beverages in comparison with their respective dairy bases without addition of fruit. Despite the changes caused by lactose hydrolysis on the metabolism of lactic cultures, the addition of jambolan pulp improved the functional potential of the lactose-free dairy beverage with L. mucosae CNPC007. • Lactose hydrolysis speed-up the acidification of milk-whey bases. • Lactose-free beverages showed most prominent post-acidification. • Limosilactobacillus mucosae remained above 6.50 log cfu/g for 21 days in the products. • L. mucosae and overall acceptability decreased slightly more in lactose-free beverages. • Syzygium cumini improved antioxidant capacity of control and lactose-free trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Latilactobacillus curvatus is a candidate probiotic that has been included in the list of recommended biological agents for certification by the European Food Safety Authority. According to the published genomic information, L. curvatus has several genes that encode metabolic pathways of carbohydrate utilization. In addition, there are some differences in cell surface complex related genes of L. curvatus from different sources. L. curvatus also has several genes that encode bacteriocin production, which can produce Curvacin A and Sakacin P. Due to its ability to produce bacteriocin, it is often used as a bioprotective agent in fermented meat products, to inhibit the growth of a variety of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. L. curvatus exerts some probiotic effects, such as mediating the production of IL-10 by dendritic cells through NF-κB and extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signals to relieve colitis in mice. This review is the first summary of the genomic and biological characteristics of L. curvatus. Our knowledge on its role in the food industry and human health is also discussed, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the development of applications of L. curvatus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]