Search

Background With the gradual deepening of the comprehensive reform of community health services, the prevention and control of single diseases for the entire population in the community is also constantly being optimized, However, there is still a lack of appropriate evaluation methods in the community to reflect its prevention and control effectiveness evaluation. Objective By analyzing and exploring the cost effect of the existing whole-population prevention and control measures of osteoporosis in Fenglin community, from 2016 to 2022, this paper answers the initial results and possible problems of the whole-population prevention and control of single disease in the community. Methods This study conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis on 4 293 community residents who received osteoporosis prevention and treatment in Fenglin community from 2016 to 2022. Divide the research object into three states based on bone density values: healthy, low bone mass, and osteoporosis, and construct a Markov model to analyze the influencing factors of different state transitions. And based on the predicted values of the Markov model combined with quality adjusted life years (QALY) , the increment of quality adjusted life years (QALY) is calculated. All costs invested in prevention and control work from 2016 to 2022 are counted, and the effectiveness of prevention and control is evaluated by the cost/quality adjusted life year increment ratio. Quality adjusted life years (QALY) are obtained by calculating the health utility value and expected life determined through literature search. Results The total cost of osteoporosis prevention and treatment in Fenglin community was 33 814 102.15 yuan. The total quality-adjusted life years of 4 293 community osteoporosis prevention and treatment population were 77 098.288 9 at the first diagnosis, the average per capita was 17.959, and the standard deviation was 9.34. At the second diagnosis, the total quality-adjusted life years were 79 616.936 1, the mean per capita was 18.546, the standard deviation was 9.342, and the difference between the two diagnoses was 2 518.647 2. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) is 2 132.907 0 yuan /QALY, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) is less than 1 times (66 965.10 yuan) per capita GDP, indicating that the intervention scheme is fully cost-effective. Conclusion This study combined Markov model and quality-adjusted life years (QALY) to make a preliminary evaluation of the prevention and treatment effect of osteoporosis in Fenglin community. The results showed that the intervention program of osteoporosis prevention and treatment in Fenglin community was worth investing, and provided a certain basis for the accurate prevention and treatment decision of osteoporosis in the future.

Gypsum mines are generally exploited using room and column mining methods. Gypsum tends to become soft when encountering water, which often causes multiple geological disasters of ground subsidence. In Pizhou, Jiangsu Province, as of April 2023, a total of 35 ground collapses in 28 locations occurred, most of which were point shaped collapses with a diameter of less than 50m, and pumping type collapses are relatively rare. Taking the gently inclined gypsum mine in Pizhou as an example, the MatDEM method was introduced to conduct numerical simulation and mechanism analysis research. The results show that the pumping collapse of the gypsum mine caused groundwater to enter the mine pit, weakening the strength of the gypsum, causing secondary roof fall, blocking and ultimately stopping the channel collapse. After water filling, the overall stability of the goaf became worse, which is prone to induce secondary collapse. In response to the current situation, relocation and avoidance measures are proposed as well as monitoring, early warning, and engineering governance measures for prevention and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The areca palm is one of the three important "trees" (hevea brasiliensis, areca palm, and coconut) of tropical agriculture in Hainan province, China. However, the areca palm is highly susceptible to yellow leaf disease—the mostcommon disease affecting the palm—which is highly destructive, spreads rapidly, andis difficult to control with comprehensive physical, chemical, and ecological measures. Eco-geochemical studies have focused on the elemental geochemical behavior and ecological effects of the soil-plant system, which may prevent yellow leaf disease in the areca palm. With the support of the People's Government of Wanning City, Hainan Province, an eco-geochemical study was conductedon the areca palm area of Wanning City. Thirty sets of geochemical samples were collected from the root soil, root system, and leaves of areca palms infected with yellow leaf disease, along with samples taken fromhealthy trees. Root soil samples were tested for 28 indicators—including Se, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Ni, Fe, Mn, B, Mo, Cl, F, I, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Co, Na, Si, Al, pH, and organic matter. Additionally, the plant samples were tested for 23 elements—including Se, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Ni, Fe, Mn, B, Mo, F, I, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Co, and Na. Binomial logistic regression analysisof whether areca palmswere infected with yellow leaf disease as the dependent variable showed that As, B, and Co in the root soil were the main characteristic elements for determining whether the areca palmwas infected. The coefficients of As were negative,while the coefficientsof B and Co were positive, indicatinga lower probability of areca palminfection when the As content is higher and the contents of B and Co are lower.N, Co, and Na in the rootsystemwere the main characteristic elements for determining whetherthe areca palmwas infected. The coefficients of As, N, and Na were negative, while the coefficients of Co were positive,indicating a lower probability of areca palmsbeing infected when the contents of As, N, and Na are higher, and the content of Co is lower. The elements Zn, Hg, Mg, and S in the leaveswere the main factors determining whether the areca palmswere infected. The coefficients of Zn, Hg, and S were negative, and the coefficientsof Mg were positive,indicating a lower probability of areca palminfection when the contents of Zn, Hg, and Sarehigher,and content of Mg content is lower.Statistical analysis also showed that the correct classification rate and chi-square test expressed leaf> root system> root soil, indicating that the differences in elemental contents in the leaveswere the most accurate reflection of whether the areca palmwas infected. Soil is the most important source of trace elements in leaves and roots.From an eco-geochemical perspective, changing the elemental composition of root soil can be prevented, and yellow leaf diseaseamong areca palmscan be controlled.The As indicator did not enter thestatistical model of leaves (but Hg did), indicating that As does not easily reach the leaves or even the fruit of the palm. As is well known,arsenic-containing pesticides and drugs are used for plant pest control and human disease treatment, which indicates that increasing arsenic elements in the root system may enhance the prevention of areca palm from developing yellow leaf disease. Thus, this study provides a new eco-geochemical approach for the prevention and control of yellow leaf disease in areca palms. However, arsenic, as a toxic element, is an important control indicator for soil environmental quality and agricultural food safety. Therefore, systematic field trial studies and evaluations of areca palm root soil and fruits should be conducted to avoid secondary contamination using As; this can prevent and control yellow leaf disease inareca palms.

Pipe piles have been widely used because of their high bearing capacity and strong stability, but vertical cracks were appeared in the service process of various fields. In order to fully clarify the causes of vertical cracks happened in pipe piles, provide effective prevention and control measures based on the mechanism of cracks, improve the service life of pipe piles in different environments, and solve various engineering problems caused by pipe pile cracking. By summarizing and analyzing the existing research results, the generation mechanism, crack hazards, crack prevention measures and crack detection technology of vertical cracks in pipe piles in different fields of use are reviewed. The results can provide reference for crack treatment of pipe pile engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The areca palm is one of the three important "trees" (hevea brasiliensis, areca palm, and coconut) of tropical agriculture in Hainan province, China. However, the areca palm is highly susceptible to yellow leaf disease--the mostcommon disease affecting the palm--which is highly destructive, spreads rapidly, andis difficult to control with comprehensive physical, chemical, and ecological measures. Eco-geochemical studies have focused on the elemental geochemical behavior and ecological effects of the soil-plant system, which may prevent yellow leaf disease in the areca palm. With the support of the People's Government of Wanning City, Hainan Province, an eco-geochemical study was conductedon the areca palm area of Wanning City. Thirty sets of geochemical samples were collected from the root soil, root system, and leaves of areca palms infected with yellow leaf disease, along with samples taken fromhealthy trees. Root soil samples were tested for 28 indicators--including Se, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Ni, Fe, Mn, B, Mo, Cl, F, I, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Co, Na, Si, Al, pH, and organic matter. Additionally, the plant samples were tested for 23 elements--including Se, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Ni, Fe, Mn, B, Mo, F, I, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Co, and Na. Binomial logistic regression analysisof whether areca palmswere infected with yellow leaf disease as the dependent variable showed that As, B, and Co in the root soil were the main characteristic elements for determining whether the areca palmwas infected. The coefficients of As were negative, while the coefficientsof B and Co were positive, indicatinga lower probability of areca palminfection when the As content is higher and the contents of B and Co are lower. N, Co, and Na in the rootsystemwere the main characteristic elements for determining whetherthe areca palmwas infected. The coefficients of As, N, and Na were negative, while the coefficients of Co were positive, indicating a lower probability of areca palmsbeing infected when the contents of As, N, and Na are higher, and the content of Co is lower. The elements Zn, Hg, Mg, and S in the leaveswere the main factors determining whether the areca palmswere infected. The coefficients of Zn, Hg, and S were negative, and the coefficientsof Mg were positive, indicating a lower probability of areca palminfection when the contents of Zn, Hg, and Sarehigher, and content of Mg content is lower. Statistical analysis also showed that the correct classification rate and chi-square test expressed leaf> root system> root soil, indicating that the differences in elemental contents in the leaveswere the most accurate reflection of whether the areca palmwas infected. Soil is the most important source of trace elements in leaves and roots. From an eco-geochemical perspective, changing the elemental composition of root soil can be prevented, and yellow leaf diseaseamong areca palmscan be controlled. The As indicator did not enter thestatistical model of leaves (but Hg did), indicating that As does not easily reach the leaves or even the fruit of the palm. As is well known, arsenic-containing pesticides and drugs are used for plant pest control and human disease treatment, which indicates that increasing arsenic elements in the root system may enhance the prevention of areca palm from developing yellow leaf disease. Thus, this study provides a new eco-geochemical approach for the prevention and control of yellow leaf disease in areca palms. However, arsenic, as a toxic element, is an important control indicator for soil environmental quality and agricultural food safety. Therefore, systematic field trial studies and evaluations of areca palm root soil and fruits should be conducted to avoid secondary contamination using As; this can prevent and control yellow leaf disease inareca palms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unique landform of Danxia and the resulting landscape have become significant tourism resources. To fully utilize these resources, a comprehensive investigation has been conducted on geological and ecological disasters in the Danxia area. Through experiments on rock and soil samples, as well as X-ray diffraction mineral composition studies of Danxia rocks, it is evident that Mudstone with high clay mineral content is prone to collapse under water-karst erosion conditions, while sandstone with high clay mineral content easily weathers into grooves, which greatly impacts the overall stability of the cultural landscape carved into Danxia cliffs. Therefore, Health, Safety, and Environmental (HSE) technology is applied to protect and manage the Danxia landscape. An HSE management evaluation index system is established for different types of Danxia landscapes to provide a scientific theoretical basis and technical means for protecting and managing the cultural landscape across various regions.

Ion channels and transporters are ubiquitously expressed on cell membrane, which involve in a plethora of physiological process such as contraction, neurotransmission, secretion and so on. Ion channels and transporters is of great importance to maintaining membrane potential homeostasis, which is essential to absorption of nutrients in gastrointestinal tract. Most of nutrients are electrogenic and require ion channels and transporters to absorb. This review summarizes the latest research on the role of ion channels and transporters in regulating nutrient uptake such as K+ channels, Ca2+ channels and ion exchangers. Revealing the mechanism of ion channels and transporters associated with nutrient uptake will be helpful to provide new methods to diagnosis and find potential targets for diseases like diabetes, inflammatory bowel diseases, etc. Even though some of study still remain ambiguous and in early stage, we believe that ion channels and transporters will be novel therapeutic targets in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coal enterprises in high yield and high efficiency at the same time accompanied by a large number of occupational disease personnel, in order to continuously improve the operating environment of coal mining enterprises in each operation point, reduce occupational disease hazards, reduce the incidence of occupational diseases, to ensure the health and personal safety of operators, in recent years in China’s coal industry occupational disease incidence and occupational health management department changes on the basis of the basis of intelligent mine construction theory and technology, combined with the production and distribution of occupational disease hazard factors in various coal mine work sites, Through the comprehensive use of optimization of the equipment start-up process, the real-time monitoring technology of occupational disease hazard factors and the linkage of key equipment, the excavation of the long pressure short pumping system of the working surface, the establishment of a centralized control room, the exploration of the use of positive pressure fully enclosed helmets, active sound reduction technology, noise reduction headphones and other intelligent technologies and means, from the source control, process elimination, terminal control of the three dimensions of dust concentration and noise value to the coal mine safety regulations limit value, thereby improving the operating environment, reducing the incidence of occupational diseases, Maximize the health of operators throughout their careers and help coal companies achieve sustainable development.

Cancer is defined as the uncontrollable growth of cells that invade and cause damage to surrounding tissue. Oral cancer is a major public health problem faced by mankind today. In India, because of cultural, ethnic, geographic factors and the popularity of addictive habits, The frequency of oral cancer is very high. It ranks number one in terms of incidence among men and third among women. Oral cancer appears as a growth or sore in the mouth that does not go away. Oral cancer, which includes cancers of the lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of the mouth, hard and soft palate sinuses, and pharynx (throat), can be life threatening if not diagnosed and treated early. This research aims to study the awareness of oral cancer among high school students. Self-administered questionnaire was designed based on the awareness of oral cancer. This questionnaire was distributed through an online survey planet link. The study population was school going students. The participants were explained about the purpose of study in detail. The questions were carefully studied and corresponding answers were marked by the participants. The data was collected and statistically analyzed. Majority of the students said that oral cancer is more prevalent in the age group of 40-60 years (33.98%). Most of the students agreed smoking as the main cause of oral cancer (48.08%). Majority of the students were not aware about the diagnostic tests performed (66.35%). According to the results obtained on this survey we can conclude that students are quite aware of what is oral cancer but emphasis on the prevention and cure of the disease will bring more awareness in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Tropical Medicine is the property of China Tropical Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objectives] In view of the rapid development of facility fruit industry and the urgent need of early warning of diseases and insect pests in the hilly area of Jiangsu Province, a network service platform for early warning of fruit pest prevention and control was established according to the characteristics and laws of fruit pests in the hilly area. [Methods] A friendly human-computer interaction mode was constructed through SQL Server database and Web browser to realize visualization of fruit tree diseases and pests module, scientific medication guidance module and popular science knowledge module, and the reasoning mechanism of remote diagnosis module and network early warning module were realized through database and rule base, aiming at difficult diseases and pests at the same time. An expert answer module was set up. The common diseases and insect pests of grape, strawberry, pear and peach planted extensively in hilly area were early warned and prevented by remote monitoring. The functions of remote diagnosis, weather forecast, scientific medication guidance, popularization of planting knowledge and interactive exchange of experts were realized. [Results] The platform integrates disease and insect pest summary, remote diagnosis, network early warning and information consulting services. It can effectively improve the efficiency of fruit production and management in hilly areas of Jiangsu Province, improve the accuracy and efficiency of remote diagnosis of fruit diseases and insect pests, and reduce the cost of control. It can theoretically guide farmers to scientifically plant protection and medication. [Conclusions] The information platform for early warning of fruit tree diseases and insect pests can significantly help fruit growers to save water and medicine, and increase both production and income, which is worthy of further promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article synthetically presents the phenomenon of violence against children and adolescents and possible contrasting actions, enhancing the value of these for the health of the single person and the community. The levels of the problem are underlined together with the central aspects of prevention and cure, and some aspects of the politic actions realized until now in Italy are mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, taken three agents with chitosan as carriers,the severe TPD (4, 5grade) experiments of prevention and cure were conducted. The results showed that the TPD length recovery rate was in the order of C( 55. 84 %) >A(27.57 %) >B(20.11%) > CK (14.97) , the average latex yield per plant as follows ： C (45.20 mL) > A (39. 74 mL) > B (27. 50 mL) > CK (18. 08 mL) , both had a same change trend, and the control effect of the three agents as follows ： C (31.91 % ) > A (16.19 %) > B (8. 83 % ). It was concluded that three kinds of chitosan based agents had a certain effect on prevention and cure of TPD, of which the control effect of C agent was the highest, reaching significant level, next the A agent, and the B agent was the lowest. The current study could provide a high efficiency agent for prevention and cure of the severe TPD trees and a new idea for the application of chitosan in TPD control, and also provide a theoretical reference for reasonably selecting and developing more effective agent for TPD prevention and cure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Constitution factor plays an important role in the occurrence, development, and transformation of diseases. The occurrence of allergic diseases is mainly caused by the disorganized physiological function and suitability regulation of patients, except for their exposure to outside allergens. Moreover, it represents susceptibility and hypersensitivity to allergens. The current study expresses the concept of allergic constitution from the perspective of Chinese medicine (CM) and presents the criterion of allergic constitution. In addition, the distribution of allergic constitution in population, its factors, and its relation to health-related quality of life (HRQOL) were investigated. The HRQOL scores of allergic constitution were found to be lower than those of the Pinghe constitution. After making a study on the gene expression profile of allergic constitution, the characteristics of up-regulated or down-regulated genes were found. Finally, CM drug was researched and developed to improve allergic constitution. Based on clinical trials and animal experiments, CM is found to have good regulatory effects on allergic constitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increase of grape planting years, the base number of pathogenic seedlings and insect population is gradually rising. In addition, the introduction, breeding system and control of seedlings are not standardized and other human factors, the occurrence of Botrytis cinerea ( B.cinerea ) on grape is becoming more and more serious, resulting in a prominent problem of yield decline. In this paper, the occurrence of B.cinerea was monitored and its control effect was tested from the perspective of ecological balance. Finally, the biological characteristics and control of B.cinerea were studied. The spore catcher was used to catch the pathogen spores of B. cinerea , and the amount of sporangium scattering reached its peak from August to September Spore scattering is affected by meteorological factors, and the temperature has reached a very significant level, and the low temperature and high humidity conditions are conducive to the disease; The results showed that the resistance frequency of 304 B . cinerea strains to carbendazim, boscalid, pyrimethanil was higher than 50%; the volatile compounds produced by yeast ( Trichosproom sp.) YE-3-2 significantly inhibited the growth of B.cinerea (inhibition rate was 62.93%, according to the occurrence regularity of B.cinerea , the accurate and effective agricultural measures had a good control effect on B.cinerea , which could improve the quality of grape fruit and provide some help for the prevention of grape gray mold.