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This study aims to present and validate a methodological procedure for identifying flooding areas in small-size cities in Brazil. In those cities, there is usually a lack of ground-measured information, making citizen reports about floods valuable data for hydrological and hydrodynamic models. The model uses five variables: IDF Curve, land use and land cover, Digital Elevation Model, Urban Road Network, and existing micro-drainage infrastructure. The methodology has two main stages: (i) determination of the overland flow and (ii) determination of the maximum flow captured by micro drainage devices. The population also reported the magnitude of the flood events and their perception of the disasters through questionnaires and engagement meetings. Then, in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment, the existing drainage system was mapped for the cities, and results were validated through online meetings with local technicians and city managers. Comparing the results from GIS analysis and the floodings hotspots reported by citizens shows that the model achieved an average accuracy of 73.5%. The presented methodology is a valuable alternative for identifying flooding hotspots due to its easy applicability and low cost compared to other models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Quantile Random Forest (QRF) is a non-parametric methodology that combines the advantages of Random Forest (RF) and Quantile Regression (QR). Specifically, this approach can explore non-linear functions, determining the probability distribution of a response variable and extracting information from different quantiles instead of just predicting the mean. This evaluated the performance of the QRF in the genomic prediction for complex traits (epistasis and dominance). In addition, compare the accuracies obtained with those derived from the G-BLUP. The simulation created an F2 population with 1,000 individuals and genotyped for 4,010 SNP markers. Besides, twelve traits were simulated from a model considering additive and non-additive effects, QTL (Quantitative trait loci) numbers ranging from eight to 120, and heritability of 0.3, 0.5, or 0.8. For training and validation, the 5-fold cross-validation approach was used. For each fold, the accuracies of all the proposed models were calculated: QRF in five different quantiles and three G-BLUP models (additive effect, additive and epistatic effects, additive and dominant effects). Finally, the predictive performance of these methodologies was compared. In all scenarios, the QRF accuracies were equal to or greater than the methodologies evaluated and proved to be an alternative tool to predict genetic values in complex traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Present an overview of scientific articles published in the last ten years on the topic of machine learning (ML), with an emphasis on predictive algorithms. Method/approach: Bibliometric analysis, with support from the PRISMA protocol, to evaluate authors, universities and countries, regarding productivity, bibliographic citations and focuses on the topic, with a sample of 773 articles from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, from 2013 to May /2023. Originality/value: There is an absence of studies in the literature that consolidate articles related to ML and Big Data. The research contributes to covering this gap, favoring the design of future actions and research. Main results: The following were identified in the ML bibliometric corpus: most cited authors with the greatest number of publications, most productive countries and universities, journals with the greatest number of publications and citations, areas of knowledge with the greatest number of publications, and the most prestigious articles. In the ML themes and domains, the following were identified: main co-occurrences of keywords, emerging themes (grouped into five clusters), and word clouds by title and abstract. Studies on the impact of data acquisition and predictive analysis represent opportunities for future research. Theoretical/methodological contributions: The PRISMA protocol enabled the identification and relevant quantitative and qualitative analyzes of articles, consolidating scientific knowledge on the topic. Social/managerial contributions: Ease of understanding the maturity of research on ML and Big Data by company managers and researchers, regarding the feasibility of investments to obtain competitive advantages with such technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 1980s, the first dengue fever cases were recorded in Brazil. Since then, the cases have been occurring continuously, and currently, dengue fever is one of the country's main health problems. Since the proliferation of the mosquito that transmits the disease depends on environmental variables, such as temperature and rainfall, to complete its life cycle, it is of interest to understand the relationships between climate and dengue cases. In order to contribute to the dengue surveillance system in the city of Campo Grande, MS, Brazil, this article proposes a statistical model to identify the climate variables that may be related to the number of dengue fever cases. Once the variables have been identified, the fitted model allows us to make projections and develop simulations of different sceneries. In this way, it can assist in decision-making regarding the implementation of measures to combat and/or control the transmitting mosquito. In addition, we developed a study to verify the existence of lag periods, i.e., if the number of dengue cases recorded in a month depends on the values recorded for the environmental variables in the previous month or of the current month. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Ingeniería - UPTC is the property of Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia, Facultad de Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Studies on mental health have shown that the levels of stress and depression of people around the world have been increasing during the COVID-19 pandemic. In Brazil, even with such indicators, it is still unclear how these psychological factors may be related in individual's well-being. To fill this gap, I sought to analyze the levels of stress and depression of Brazilians, as well as to establish a predictive model between its constructs. Participants were 480 adults from different regions of Brazil, aged between 18 and 65 years (Mage = 28.05, SD = 8.04), mostly female (77.3%). Results showed that stress and depression levels of the participants were moderate. In addition, I find that the stress against COVID-19 was a good predictor of depression, the more people felt stressed about the topic, the more likely they were to have depressive symptoms. Therefore, I discussed these results arguing about the importance of maintaining the mental health of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a validade externa de três equações de referência para o cálculo da distância a ser percorrida no incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT) por idosos comunitários, e, por fim, identificar qual equação prediz melhor a distância nessa faixa etária. Foram selecionados 84 idosos cadastrados nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Diamantina, Minas Gerais. Os voluntários foram submetidos ao ISWT e a distância percorrida em metros até a interrupção do teste foi registrada e utilizada para comparação com as equações de predição. Os voluntários apresentaram média de idade de 73,15±5,89 anos e alguns comprometimentos de saúde comuns dessa faixa etária, sendo a maioria mulheres e praticantes de atividade física. A análise estatística demonstrou que houve interação entre os fatores, ou seja, existe diferença entre as distâncias obtidas pelo ISWT e as distâncias obtidas pelas equações. Houve diferença também nas comparações entre os sexos (p

Adaptability and stability estimates are used by plant breeding programs to identify cultivars that exhibit predictable behavior and great performance in more than one environment. Thus, the objective of this work was to compare biometric techniques for simultaneous selection of carioca bean pre-cultivars for high adaptability, stability and yield of grains under the conditions of Agreste-Sertão Pernambucano of the Brazil. The trials were conducted in the municipalities of Arcoverde, São João, and Belém de São Francisco. Ten pre-cultivars and four commercial witnesses were used and the randomized complete block design was employed, with three repetitions. Grain yield was evaluated in the period 2014-2015. Variance analyzes were performed and the adaptability and stability were estimated by the techniques of Eberhart & Russell, Lin & Binn modified by Carneiro, and AMMI. The techniques were compared using Spearman's correlation. No correlation was observed between Eberhart & Russell and Lin & Binns modified. AMMI is the most complete for isolated use. The pre-cultivars CNFC 15460, CNFC 15462, CNFC 15504 and CNFC 15507 contemplate wide adaptability, stability and productivity, and are indicated for Agreste-Sertão of Pernambuco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As moedas virtuais (ou criptomoedas) estão se tornando cada vez mais competitivas no mercado mundial, o que atrai investidores a obter lucros sobre as oscilações deste mercado. Esses investimentos são orientados por um princípio simples: comprar as moedas quando seu valor de mercado estiver prestes a subir, e vendê-las moedas quando estiverem prestes a perder o valor. O Objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver um modelo de predição do movimento de preços de criptomoedas que utilize como base a percepção pública da população em relação às moedas. Foram realizadas predições tanto utilizando sentimento de notícias quanto sentimento de tweets, e o útlimo obteve melhores resultados, apresentando MDA de 73% no modelo criado com XGBoost, sendo capaz de prever os resultados também em períodos de grandes oscilações. Supõe-se que os melhores resultados foram obtidos a partir de sentimentos de tweets devido ao maior volume de dados gerado em um único dia, e devido à velocidade com a qual a manifestação pública é evidenciada na rede social.

Copyright of Revista Arqueologia Pública is the property of Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Portal de Periodicos Eletronicos Cientificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The distribution of beds throughout Brazil respects the minimum limit considered adequate, however, the lack of beds is routine, especially in SUS, requiring greater efficiency in these sectors. In this context, mortality prediction scores were created, among them the SAPS. This is a retrospective cohort, with data from patients admitted to a general ICU. To assess SAPS III as a predictor of mortality, TMP, Oddis ratio, ROC curve and goodness of fit test were calculated. It is observed that the score underestimated mortality, however, it has a statistical correlation with the outcome of death. For admission diagnoses of cancer, thoracic surgery, hepatology and sepsis, the data point out a poor distinction between survivors and deaths and, except for the diagnoses of digestive surgery and infectious diseases, there was a good adjustment of the model under study. SAPS III proved to be a good predictor of global mortality, however, when assessed by admission diagnoses, the possibility of weaknesses was observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, an empirical model is generalized to predict the thermal conductivity of ionic liquids. Initially, experimental data are collected, which include different types of anions and cations. A total of 38 ionic liquids are evaluated (28 substances for correlation and 10 substances for prediction), which corresponds to 265 experimental data. The temperature ranges vary between 273 and 390 K at atmospheric pressure (1 atm). The model is generalized using 215 experimental data, and the average deviation is around 4.72%. Then, the predictive capabilities are evaluated in 50 experimental data with an average deviation of 3.48%. The generalized model is extended to binary mixtures using a simple mixing rule with an interaction parameter, and the absolute deviation is 0.77%. Finally, the generalized model is compared with others developed in the literature, and the statistical analysis shows that it provides acceptable results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Evidenciação Contábil & Finanças is the property of Revista Evidenciacao Contabil & Financas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Gestão & Tecnologia is the property of Revista Gestao & Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal is the property of Revista Brasileira de Reproducao Animal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A study of correlations was conducted to determine the main morphometric measurements of the carcass that influence the determination of the commercial cuts from the forequarter and hindquarter in Nellore heifers. Eighty-one Nellore heifers, randomly chosen form a commercial herd, were slaughtered according to the actual regulation. The animal's body weight was measured before the slaughter. After the slaughtering, the hot and cold carcasses were determined and then divided into half-carcasses and weighed after cooling. The morphometric measurements evaluated were the internal carcass length, width, perimeter and depth of leg, chest depth, ribeye area, and subcutaneous fat thickness. The half-carcasses were divided into forequarter and hindquarter to establish the commercial meat cuts. The data were analysed using Pearson's correlation (p<0,05), followed by the development of multiple linear equations using the stepwise method. The highest positive correlations (> 0.60) were found in the variable weight, as the best correlation between the cuts of the forequarter and hindquarter was with the half carcass weight. The variables related to length, width, depth, and perimeter presented low to moderate correlations (<0.40) as the ribeye area showed a moderate and positive correlation (<0.40), yet the subcutaneous fat thickness did not correlate with the commercial meat cuts. The weight of the half carcass was the first variable that participated in the multiple linear regression model for the forequarter and hindquarte, and the other tested variables did not show a high increase in the prediction model. The observed and predicted values were calculated and compared, and they were broadly similar, thus showing the high prediction of the regression equations, and it can be well applied to estimate the cuts of the forequarter and hindquarter. The most important variable to predict the commercial cuts of Nellore heifers was the half-carcass weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O monitoramento para a previsão de cheias de pequenas bacias hidrográficas é de grande importância tendo em vista a relação dos recursos hídricos com a sociedade, pois pode garantir o uso sustentável às comunidades urbanas de cidades lindeiras à bacia. O rio Aquidauana está inserido na planície Pantaneira sendo considerado vulnerável à inundações, no entanto, falta de um sistema eficiente para previsões de cheias e inundações. Assim, este estudo propõe um sistema de previsão probalística de enchentes para a bacia do Rio Aquidauana. Para tanto foram utilizadas as redes neurais artificiais (RNAs) do tipo MultiLayer Perceptron (treinamento back-propagation) com parâmetros otimizados pelos Algoritmos Genéticos. A RNA foi treinada e avaliada com base em dados de chuva acumulada (mm) e nível de rio (cm) à montante entre os anos de 1995 a 2014. A previsão realizada foi de 1 a 5 dias, tendo como melhor desempenho o modelo para 1 dia de previsão, com resultado de coeficiente de determinação e erro quadrático médio de 0,93 e 30 (cm), respectivamente.

Resumo Objetivo: Selecionar, por meio da sensibilidade e da especificidade, os melhores pontos de corte da força de preensão manual como discriminador de risco para presença de multimorbidades em idosos. Método: Estudo transversal, realizado com 310 idosos com idade ≥ 60 anos, de ambos os sexos, residentes no município de Ibicuí, Bahia. Para identificação da força de preensão manual como discriminador de risco para presença de multimorbidades, foi adotada a análise das curvas Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), com intervalo de confiança de 95%. Posteriormente, foram identificados os pontos de corte com suas respectivas sensibilidades e especificidades. Resultados: A área total sob a curva ROC entre a força de preensão manual e a presença de multimorbidades foi de 0,59 (IC 95% = 0,52-0,67) para mulheres e de 0,58 (IC 95% = 0,50-0,67) para homens. Os melhores pontos de corte para discriminar a presença de multimorbidade foram, para mulheres e homens, respectivamente, 15,35 kgf (sensibilidade de 69,7% e especificidade de 52,2%) e 24,8 kgf (sensibilidade de 49,5% e especificidade de 68,4%). Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados neste estudo sugerem que a força de preensão manual pode ser utilizada como discriminador de risco para presença de multimorbidades em idosos.

Copyright of Fisioterapia e Pesquisa is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte is the property of Redprint Editora Ltda. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Interação em Psicologia is the property of Universidade Federal do Parana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2máx) e a frequência cardíaca máxima (FCmáx) são utilizados constantemente para descrever a aptidão do sistema cardiovascular bem como estimar a tolerância de carga do exercício. No entanto não há um consenso na literatura com respeito à fórmula fidedigna para determinar-los. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar se o VO2máx e a FCmáx podem ser preditos por fórmulas em jovens corredores. Treze homens (25.62 ± 8.87 anos) realizaram um teste incremental até a exaustão com análises do VO2máx e da FCmáx. Essas variáveis foram comparadas entre fórmulas de predição do VO2máx (A = 15 x (FCmáx/ frequência cardíaca de repouso; B = 3.542 + (-0.014 x idade) + (0.015 x massa corporal) + (-0.011 x frequência cardíaca de repouso); C = (0.2 x Vpico-P) + (0.9 x Vpico-P x inclinação) + 3.5; D = (0.2 x Vpico-60) + (0.9 x Vpico-60 x inclinação) + 3.5)) e da FCmáx (1 = 220 – idade; 2 = 207 – 0.7 x idade; 3 = 201 – 0.6 x idade; 4 = 205 – 0.685 x idade; 5 = 210 – 0.65 x idade). ANOVA foi empregada adotando nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados demonstraram para as fórmulas A e B do VO2máx não difere do real encontrado (p > 0.05) e para a fórmula 3, diferente da FCmáx real (p < 0.05). Assim, foi possível concluir que as fórmulas A e B e 1, 2, 4 e 5 podem ser utilizadas para predizer o VO2máx e a FCmáx em jovens corredores. ABSTRACT Can the maximal oxygen uptake and maximum heart rate measured in laboratory test be predicted by equations in amateur runners? The maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and maximum heart rate (HRmax) are used constantly to describe the ability of the cardiovascular system and to estimate the load exercise tolerance. However there is no consensus in the literature regarding the reliable formula to determine them. The aim of the study was to determine whether the VO2max and HRmax can be predicted by formulas in young runners. Thirteen men (25.62 ± 8.87 years) performed an incremental test to exhaustion with analysis of VO2max and HRmax. These variables were compared between prediction formulas of VO2max (A = 15 x (HRmax / resting heart rate; B = 3.542 + (-0.014 x age) + (0.015 x body weight) + (-0.011 x resting heart rate); C = (0.2 x Vpeak-P) + (0.9 x Vpeak-P x slope) + 3.5; D = (0.2 x Vpeak-60) + (0.9 x Vpeak-60 x slope) + 3.5)) and HRmax (1 = 220 - age; 2 = 207 - 0.7 x age; 3 = 201 - 0.6 x age; 4 = 205-0685 x age; 5 = 210 - 0.65 x age). ANOVA was used adopting a significance level of 5%. The results showed for formulas A and B VO2max not differs from the actual found (p> 0.05) and the formula 3, differently from the actual HRmax (p

Resumo Numa perspectiva funcionalista, os valores são uma expressão cognitiva das necessidades humanas, princípios que orientam o comportamento para metas mais pessoais, sociais ou gerais de vida, cujo impacto psicossocial merece mais investigação. Neste estudo, analisou-se em que medida o tipo de orientação dos valores prediz a satisfação com a vida de 562 jovens portugueses (n = 303, 53,9% mulheres), com idades entre 14 e 22 anos (M = 16,9, DP = 1,71), que frequentam o ensino médio: via profissionalizante (63,7%) e regular (36,3%). Os jovens completaram o Questionário de Valores Básicos e a Escala de Satisfação com a Vida. Os resultados da análise de regressão linear indicam que a orientação dos valores explica menos de um quarto da variabilidade da satisfação com a vida, o que suscita a necessidade de se analisar o seu poder explicativo em conjunto com outras variáveis, por exemplo, de personalidade e sociocognitivas.

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Ingeniería - UPTC is the property of Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia, Facultad de Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A previsão de vencedores em partidas de tênis pode representar várias utilidades práticas, pois os resultados de uma rodada em um torneio determinam quais jogos ocorrerão na rodada seguinte, o que é valioso para a organização dos torneios e a mídia, auxiliando na alocação de jogos em quadras e horários mais propícios, permitindo previsões de público e audiência e até mesmo embasando ações de merchandising. Neste trabalho, são estudados alguns dos principais fatores de influência na previsibilidade de partidas e, a partir dessa análise, são propostas duas diferentes abordagens para cálculos de confiabilidade na vitória de cada um dos competidores antes do início de uma partida. A primeira baseia-se em um sistema de inferência Fuzzy, explorando sua capacidade de reprodução de conhecimento de um especialista diante de uma mescla de informações. A segunda emprega uma rede neural, com sua característica de extração de atributos por meio de exemplos. Ambos os preditores têm como entradas dados de desempenhos prévios dos jogadores, que, nesse caso, tentam captar suas performances de curto, médio e longo prazo, além de sua afinidade com os diferentes tipos de pisos. Os resultados obtidos são encorajadores, mostrando ganhos significativos em relação à simples comparação baseada no ranking de entradas da Associação de Tenistas Profissionais.

Abstract Objectives: To describe fidgety movements (FMs), i.e., the spontaneous movement pattern that typically occurs at 3–5 months after term age, and discuss its clinical relevance. Sources: A comprehensive literature search was performed using the following databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, Science Direct, PsycINFO, and EMBASE. The search strategy included the MeSH terms and search strings (‘fidgety movement*’) OR [(‘general movement*’) AND (‘three month*’) OR (‘3 month*’)], as well as studies published on the General Movements Trust website (www.general-movements-trust.info). Summary of the data: Virtually all infants develop normally if FMs are present and normal, even if their brain ultrasound findings and/or clinical histories indicate a disposition to later neurological deficits. Conversely, almost all infants who never develop FMs have a high risk for neurological deficits such as cerebral palsy, and for genetic disorders with a late onset. If FMs are normal but concurrent postural patterns are not age-adequate or the overall movement character is monotonous, cognitive and/or language skills at school age will be suboptimal. Abnormal FMs are unspecific and have a low predictive power, but occur exceedingly in infants later diagnosed with autism. Conclusions: Abnormal, absent, or sporadic FMs indicate an increased risk for later neurological dysfunction, whereas normal FMs are highly predictive of normal development, especially if they co-occur with other smooth and fluent movements. Early recognition of neurological signs facilitates early intervention. It is important to re-assure parents of infants with clinical risk factors that the neurological outcome will be adequate if FMs develop normally.

ABSTRACT Objectives: The goal of this article is to provide an account of language development in the brain using the new information about brain function gleaned from cognitive neuroscience. By addressing the evidence obtained from non-invasive brain imaging in the light of prediction, this account goes beyond describing the association between language and specific brain areas to advocate the importance and possibility of predicting language outcomes using brain-imaging data. The goal is to address the current evidence about language development in the brain and the possibility of prediction of language outcomes. Sources: Recent studies will be discussed in the light of the evidence generated for predicting language outcomes and using new methods of analysis of brain data. Summary of the data: The present account of brain behavior will address: (1) the development of a hardwired brain circuit for spoken language; (2) the neural adaptation that follows reading instruction and fosters the “grafting” of visual processing areas of the brain onto the hardwired circuit of spoken language; and (3) the prediction of language development and the possibility of translational neuroscience. Conclusions: Brain imaging has allowed for the identification of neural indices (neuromarkers) that reflect typical and atypical language development; the possibility of predicting risk for language disorders has emerged. A mandate to develop a bridge between neuroscience and health and cognition-related outcomes may pave the way for translational neuroscience.

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar os efeitos da idade e escolaridade no desempenho em compreensão leitora e consciência morfológica, assim como o poder preditivo da consciência morfológica no desempenho em compreensão leitora. Participaram 403 estudantes do 2º ao 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental (Ciclos 1 e 2) de uma cidade do interior do Estado do Paraná (54,3% do sexo feminino). Como instrumentos, foram utilizados o Teste de Cloze (texto “Uma vingança infeliz”) e Tarefas de Avaliação da Consciência Morfológica. Os resultados mostraram que tanto a compreensão em leitura quanto a consciência morfológica sofrem influência desenvolvimental e que a consciência morfológica pode predizer entre 23% e 34% da compreensão leitora.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo identificar os indicadores de desempenho contábeis através de técnicas aplicadas em empresas que sinalizam a recuperação judicial utilizando-se da regressão logística e da análise discriminante, haja vista sua relevância porque busca auxiliar a tomada de decisões por parte do corpo corporativo das organizações para evitar problemas futuros financeiros. Foram apresentados no decorrer da pesquisa à origem e a evolução da legislação falimentar no Brasil e diversos modelos de insolvência utilizados pela literatura, por se tratar de uma pesquisa que se caracteriza como descritiva em relação a seus objetivos, e quantitativa, quanto aos procedimentos, ao utilizar técnicas de análise estatísticas para avaliação do desempenho das técnicas de classificação aplicadas ao problema de insolvência de empresas de capital aberto, foram coletados da base de dados do site BMF&Bovespa documentos e dados contábeis de 2005 à 2015 para aplicação dos testes empíricos. A Análise discriminante conseguiu avaliar 88% dos casos corretamente, o que é uma boa porcentagem de predição e não apresenta erro do tipo II, ou seja, classificar uma empresa solvente em recuperação judicial, e com 11 variáveis, já que uma foi descartada, mas, quando a regressão logística é comparada com a análise discriminante, ela fornece precisão preditiva comparável com uma variável estatística mais simples que usava a mesma interpretação substancial, apenas com uma variável a menos e com uma porcentagem global de acerto de 90%. A partir dos resultados da regressão logística, é possível se concentrar apenas nas variáveis X4 = estrutura de ativos e X2= Retorno sobre o patrimônio líquido como as principais na diferenciação de grupos, pois a meta da análise não é aumentar a probabilidade de sucesso, ainda que a regressão logística forneça uma técnica direta para distinguir as empresas recuperação judicial das empresas solventes e compreender o impacto relativo de cada variável independente na criação de diferenças entre os dois grupos de empresas. Por fim, os resultados apresentados evidencia que a regressão logística mesmo utilizando um menor número de variável tem melhor porcentagem de acerto.

ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to test the applicability of artificial neural networks for estimating tree heights in clonal tests and progenies. We used data from 8,329 clonal tests collected for six age groups, divided into six blocks and five repetitions. For the progeny tests, we used 36,793 data points, collected at age 5 and divided into ten blocks and five repetitions. The categorical input variables considered were age, treatment, and block. The diameter (dap) was used with continuous input variables. For training the networks, we used two samples. Sub-sample 1 was composed of the first tree of each block. In sub-sample 2, the tree was selected randomly within each block. This selection was made in both tests. The selected data were separated, with 70% used for training and 30% used for validation. The other unselected trees were used for generalization. For each age and treatment, we used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test to verify the normality of the errors. The results show that ANNs can be used to estimate the heights of trees subjected to various experimental plot treatments, with no loss of accuracy or estimation precision.

O monitoramento da umidade relativa do ar (UR) tem grande importância no gerenciamento de recursos hídricos, na área agrícola, em estudos climáticos, assim como para a gestão da saúde pública. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar, modelar e prever os valores mensais de UR da cidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal. Como a UR se dá em termos percentuais, ou seja, assume valores contínuos no intervalo (0,1), os modelos de séries temporais tradicionais da classe ARIMA não são adequados. Com isso, a utilização do modelo beta autorregressivo de médias móveis (βARMA) se faz necessária. Esse modelo para taxas e proporções, que assume distribuição beta para a variável de interesse, foi proposto recentemente por Rocha e Cribari-Neto. Para realização deste trabalho o modelo βARMA foi implementado em linguagem R. Sua aplicação aos dados de UR mostrou-se adequada, captando o comportamento da série e gerando previsões coerentes.

Para estudar técnicas de amostragem, úteis ao mapeamento digital de solos (MDS), objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da variação da densidade de pontos amostrais com base em dados de áreas já mapeadas por métodos tradicionais na acurácia dos modelos de árvores de decisão (AD) para a geração de mapas de solos por MDS. Em duas bacias hidrográficas no noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, usou-se, como referência, antigos mapas convencionais de solos na escala 1:50.000. A partir do modelo digital de elevação do terreno e da rede hidrográfica, foram gerados mapas das variáveis preditoras: elevação, declividade, curvatura, comprimento de fluxo, acúmulo de fluxo, índice de umidade topográfica e distância euclideana de rios. A escolha dos locais dos pontos amostrais foi aleatória e testaram-se densidades amostrais que variaram de 0,1 a 4 pontos/ha. O treinamento dos modelos foi realizado no software Weka, gerando-se modelos preditores usando diferentes tamanhos do nó final da AD para obter AD com tamanhos distintos. Quando não se controlou o tamanho das AD, o aumento da densidade de amostragem resultou no aumento da concordância com os mapas básicos de referências e no aumento do número de unidades de mapeamento preditas. Nas AD com tamanho controlado, o aumento da densidade de amostragem não influenciou a concordância com os mapas de referência e interferiu muito pouco no número de unidades de mapeamento preditas.

O futsal é uma modalidade intermitente, na qual se exige esforços de alta intensidade de diferentes demandas, como potência aeróbia e potência muscular. Dessa forma, a busca pelo aprimoramento dessas exigências a partir de relações entre si pode ser ferramenta relevante para o esporte. Buscou-se correlacionar e calcular equações preditivas para diferentes variáveis de aptidão física em protocolos de esforços intermitentes. Dezoito jogadores de futsal (15 ± 1,3 anos, 75,4 ± 20,2 kg, 167 ± 0,8 cm) foram avaliados quanto à capacidade de repetir corridas (a partir do Forward-Backward test), potência aeróbia máxima (PAM, com o Yo-Yo Intermitent Recovery Test) e potência de membros inferiores (salto horizontal triplo, SHT). O teste de Pearson foi utilizado para as correlações e o método stepwise para as regressões lineares. Além de diferentes correlações significantes, considerando o desempenho no SHT e de PAM, foram observados valores de determinação de 44% a 64% na capacidade de repetir corridas. Neste contexto, a PAM e SHT podem predizer o tempo em diferentes séries de esforços repetidos (p≤0,02) e potências mínima, média e máxima (p

This article discusses a solution for a specific problem: the understanding and improvement of default rates among people who engage on donating commitments with philanthropic institutions. We rely on a typical tool of the financial and economic literature, i.e., the selection and estimation of an adequate logistic regression model for unveiling the variables that explain the probability of default and that make possible the prediction of upcoming default events. The empirical example involves a data set about donators of a philanthropic non-governmental institution, including people from the five regions of the country. The main findings: (i) the variables Age, Civil Status, Region, Donator Type, Charging Type and Donation Deadline have proved to be the most relevant to predict default events; and (ii) outof- sample validation has confirmed that the estimated model is capable of excellent prediction of new default cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ambiente e Água is the property of Revista Ambiente e Agua and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study focuses on creating an observational instrument based on observational methodology in order to analyze the direction of the ball in a penalty kicks in football. In addition, thanks to this instrument, 239 penalty kicks were studied in the World Cups of Brazil 2014 and South Africa 2010 plus the America Cup of 2011, 2015, 2016 and the European Championships in 2012 and 2016. A total of 239 penalty kicks were analyzed with the following results: a) a direct connection was established between the player's supporting foot and the direction of the kick. 77% of right footed players to the right and 98% to the left (p<0,001) and 87.5% of left footed players to the right and 77.3% to the left (p<0,001); b) statistically significant connections were also observed relating to the opposite arm to the foot in use and the direction of the kick. In right footed players 85% towards the right and 98% towards the left (p<0,001) and in left footed players 86% to the right and 85% to the left (p<0,001). From these results, we can conclude as follows: a) the direction of the supporting foot and the opposite arm to the foot in use is statistically significant for calculating the random possibility of predicting the direction of a penalty kick: b) the opposite arm to the foot in use is visible from the goalkeeper's position in the moments prior to the actual penalty kick and should, therefore, be included in a training routine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conclusion of the undergraduate course by university students in the time predicted by the curriculum is desirable for young people and for society. The aim was to verify the reliability, sensitivity and specificity of a broad set of predictors for academic performance of university students, who completed the undergraduate course within the time predicted by the curricula, through data mining methodology, provided by the Support Vector Machines algorithm. A simple approach is proposed for the prediction of course completion by students in a university in Brazil. The dataset has 170 students who finished the course and 117 who did not finish. With the proposed methodology, it was possible to predict the course completion by students with an accuracy of 79.5% when using the 19 original variables. An accuracy of 75% was found using only 05 variables: Course, year of the course, gender, initial and final academic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Oceanography is the property of Instituto Oceanografico da Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O presente artigo discorre sobre crimes eletrônicos que envolvem as instituições financeiras bancárias, abordando alguns métodos que os criminosos se utilizam para fraudar essas instituições. O objetivo do trabalho é analisar estatisticamente os crimes e fraudes eletrônicos dessa espécie ocorridos em 2009 na cidade de São Paulo,estudando suas características e fazendo a relação espacial, temporal e preditiva desse tipo de crime nas instituições financeiras bancárias, tendo em vista relacionar as características das fraudes e o modo como afetam, principalmente, essas instituições. A metodologia baseia-se em uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo e exploratório, precedida de uma pesquisa documental para o levantamento de conceitos que embasaram a revisão bibliográfica. Os resultados identificaram a influência das variáveis região, mês e faixa horária nas condutas pesquisadas, estabelecendo-se a relação espacial e temporal com base nos testes de independência, e geraram um modelo estatístico de previsão para os crimes de fraudes eletrônicas bancárias, o qual se mostrou adequado para a previsão de ocorrências, conhecendo-se a região, o mês e a faixa horária, podendo estimar com maior probabilidade de acerto se ocorrerão crimes de fraude eletrônica ou não. Concluiu-se pela existência de relação entre algumas variáveis e os crimes de fraude eletrônica, a qual demonstra ser possível a adoção de métodos preventivos, podendo embasar projetos de lei junto à Câmara dos Deputados, assim como levar essas instituições a agir de maneira preventiva e coerente com relação aos crimes de fraudes eletrônicas, a fim de inibir este tipo de criminalidade dentro das instituições financeiras bancárias.