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A cell culture of common Sertoli and peritubular myoid cells progenitors derived from the testes of male X. tropicalis, called XtiSC, was established in the Laboratory of Developmental Biology. XtiSCs exhibit similar properties as more well-known mesenchymal stem cells that are used in cell therapy for their immunomodulatory and proregenerative properties. Microinjection of XtiSC into the dorsal vein of the tail of the tadpoles has increased macrophage numbers 7 days after tail amputation (dpa), both in controls and in tadpoles after depletion of macrophages by the application of clodrosomes. Macrophage depletion also reduces the migratory ability of XtiSC to the site of tail amputation. Macrophage depletion also led to a reduction in the number of satellite cells 1 dpa. On the seventh day after tail amputation and XtiSC injection, there was a significant increase in their number compared to the control group without XtiSC injection. Using DAF-2DA probe, nitric oxide production was confirmed by injected XtiSC and at the injury site. For future research of the proliferation, differentiation and migration of satellite cells in vivo, a vector expressing EGFP under endogenous Pax7 promoter and Katushka-RFP under gama-crystalline promoter was created and integrated into the X. tropicalis genome using...

With new progressive methods allowing us to study natural regeneration in model organisms, we have an opportunity to gain important insights into the very essence of this process. These insights might help us radically improve the current state of therapeutic approaches based on tissue replacement. Many different animal models display an incredible ability to restore various body parts, allowing them to escape predators and avoid premature death. While invertebrate models give us a chance to investigate the fundamental elements of regeneration, vertebrates represent systems often more resembling human biology. This thesis outlines the variability of regeneration in frequently studied model organisms with a special emphasis on the impact of gene expression. Keywords: regeneration, model organism, gene expression, injury

The subject of this Bachelor's Thesis is the change of locomotor pattern in human ancestors, which led to habitual bipedalism and associated skeletal adaptations, that changed functions of specific body parts. The main focus is on adaptations that adjusted the function of the knee joint, either directly by changing the anatomical structure in the knee area, or indirectly, for example, by increasing the tension in muscles or tendons due to weight transfer to the lower limb. Given adaptations are then a criterion for evaluating possible influence on typical knee injuries in modern human. Key words Bipedalism, locomotion, human, chimpanzee, injury, knee joint, knee, adaptation, evolution, anatomy

Title: The BanalFatal program in spinal cord injury prevention Objectives: The main objective of this diploma thesis is to examine the subjective impressions of participants after the completion of this program (lesson) so that it is possible to assess the emotional impact of the program and its impact on the further behavior of children. Methods: A quantitative strategy was used for the research part of the thesis. For the purposes of the research, two original questionnaires were created. 6 primary schools were contacted, in which the BanalFatal program previously took place. The questionnaire, aimed at school prevention methodologists, was filled in by all addressed school staff, but only in 4 school facilities, it was possible to interview school pupils. Thus, 6 school prevention methodologists and 164 pupils from 4 selected primary schools (Prague 11, 4, Litoměřice, Dačice) were interviewed. The questionnaire for prevention methodologists contains closed, semi-closed, and open questions. The questionnaire for pupils was created in the form of a survey and contained only closed questions. Results: All school methodologists presume that attending the BanalFatal lecture will have a certain effect on students' change in behavior during risky activities. "Certainly yes" was stated by 1 and "rather...

My bachelor work is dedicated to problematics and possibilities of therapy for patients after a distortion of the ankle. This topic intrigued me, because it is frequent in outpatient kind of therapies. The second reason for choice of this subject matter was my interest in running where the ankle distortion is a common injury.

This thesis deal with functional changes in trunk position in patients after an ankle injury. Changes in trunk posture are examined on a pelvic position on probands between 4 to 8 weeks after an ankle injury. The result of the work could indicate whether the ankle joint injury affects the position of the pelvis and whether there is a typical pelvic posture after this injury. In the first part of the thesis, I present theoretical knowledge that provides the basis for the research part. I rely on the anatomical structure and kinesiology of the lower limb, the functional connection of the lower limb as a whole, the principles of generalization of functional disorders in the human body, and knowledge about injuries to the ankle joint. The aim of this thesis is to analyze functional anthropometric changes in the position of the trunk after ankle joint injuries, which are evaluated by examining the position of the spina iliaca anterior superior, spina iliaca posterior superior and crista iliaca. The research part is performed by the method of mixed research. The subject of the research is the clinical examination of ten probands after ankle joint injury and statistical evaluation of the obtained data on the position of the pelvis. Results: In all ten probands there was a decrease in at least one observed pelvic structure on the side of the injured ankle joint. Six probands showed a drop in all three structures on the injured side. In the remaining four probands, only the spina iliaca posterior superior of the injured side dropped. Conclusion: All probands after ankle joint injury showed a drop in at least one pelvic structure on the side after an ankle injury. The position of the pelvis was not the same for all probands.

When performing nursing care, injuries can ocur that can end anger the health of health care professionals. These injuries include not only injuries with a sharp object, which also brings the risk of infectious diseases, but also back pain wich is caused by heavy physical exertion. The aim was to determine the number of stab wounds and cuts injuries and the useing of protective equipment. The next aim was to find out how often is common the back pain to medical staff and the interest about training in the prevention of back pain. The questionnaire survey was conducted at the University Hospital in Motol and at the Thomayer Hospital in the Department of Geriatrics and Aftercare and pulomonary ,internal and neurology departments, and the target group of respondents were general and practical nurses and paramedics. A total of 429 questionnaires were entered. 235 completed questionnaires were included in the study it self Results: It was found out that in the last year there were a total of 79 stab wounds or cuts. The most common circumstances of a sharp object injury were the disposal of sharp objects, the respondents most often chose the answer "after the procedure" and the third most common circumstance was the preparation of the work aids. Back pain was confirmed by 80% of respondents, of which...

The topic of this bachelor thesis is: "Blast Syndrome from the Perspective of a Paramedic". The thesis consists of a theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part of the thesis, I focus on the description of the term blast syndrome and the terms of its origin. I also describe the procedures connected to the blast syndrome in not only pre-hospital medical care but also hospital care. I believe that the first aid is equally important and therefore I mention its most crucial elements in the theoretical part of the thesis. The theoretical part also contains a description of the connection between the surroundings and the spreading of a shock wave and the impact of the shock wave on particular body organs. The goal of the bachelor thesis is to examine the knowledge of paramedics concerning blast syndrome. To achieve this goal, three research questions were set down. The research section was elaborated with the use of qualitative inquiry based on semi-structured interviews consisting of fifteen questions. The inquiry assemblage consisted of twelve paramedics. The results of the inquiry show that the paramedics have a basic knowledge of blast syndrome. The respondents were able to explain what a blast syndrome is and how it originates. They also know what injuries they may expect when responding to the patient with blast syndrome and which procedures they have to perform. The data analysis also showed an insufficient theoretical and practical training of paramedics concerning the blast syndrome provided by the employer. This bachelor thesis may serve as study material for students of the paramedic study programme; and also for paramedics already in the field, as a source of information about blast syndrome.

5 Abstract Knee joint (articulatio genus) is the most complicated joint in human body from the anatomical view. Knee joint is compound, hinge joint, gynglimus, which has a major role in movement of the lower limb. Knee joint is related to the transfer of body weight in horizontal (walking, running) and vertical (jumping) direction. Knee joint is also the biggest joint in the human body, which is characterized by three bones: femur, tibia, patella. The greatest intervention of evolutionary development of human beings on to the knee joint is transition from four-legged walk to two-legged walk (bipedalism). The basic shape of the human knee joint is very similar to knee joints of chimpanzees however chimpanzees do not have problems with injuries typical to humans. The difference between them is in the angle of the knee joint caused by bipedalism movement. Chimpanzees hold the center of gravity in front of their hips and the knee joint clutches the angle of 70ř with the hips. On the other hand, knee joint of humans has the angle of 170ř, which causes more pressure to the knee joint and therefore is more vulnerable to injuries. Knee joint does not meet the demands of a modern man that overloads it with sports performance or pressures it with body weight impact from obesity. This overloading does not occur in...

Title: Tennis Injuries and Their Prevention Objectives: To summarize current information about the most frequent injuries of tennis players, their causes and possible prevention on the basis of scholarly and professional literature. Methods: The Bachelor's thesis is carried out as an overview study analysing scholarly and professional literature that deals with the most frequent injuries and their prevention with tennis players. The main goals of work were to search for various professional articles containing the topic of tennis injuries, their appropriate prevention and rehabilitation as well as enlarge the knowledge of these injuries, their causes and possible localization on various parts of body. Another goal was to raise awareness of proper recovery during the performance period as well as appropriate rehabilitation and compensation exercises during the injury. Results: The relevant literature shows that most of the tennis injuries are caused by overload, which means players spend more time than optimum on the tennis court. Another cause of these injuries is an incorrect performance of tennis shot, for which tennis coaches are partly to blame too. Therefore, it is important that the coaches insist on the correct technique from the early childhood of player. Almost all tennis injuries can be...

This bachelor thesis is about physiotherapy with people, who have rupture of anterior cruciate ligament of knee joint, outlining set of general exercises and methods, which can be used for primary injury treatment or in prevention of overload or future injury. The thesis consists of two parts. First one is theoretic, where I describe anatomy, kinesiology, biomechanics, injury mechanics, possibilities of conservative and surgery treatment and possibilities of therapy. In second part, which is practical, I performed qualitative investigation of three patients. Each of them had rupture of anterior cruciate ligament. Surgery has been performed by using semitendinosus muscle autograft. The first examination were conducted before orthopedics surgery, additional posturography examination were performed when surgeon allowed, that patient can stand on both legs with full body weight. In therapy sessions we spent 6-7 weeks. Three to four weeks after intens rehabilitation has been finished, the final examination were performed. The thesis objectives are summary of problems, in which experts still have different opinions, design of rehabilitation-treatment plan and rating of physiotherapy intervention. Therapy solved main deficits in all three cases, which are swelling, pain and muscle hypotrophy. The thesis can be used as an educational material for physiotherapy students, as well as for layman public.

A brain injury generally belongs to the most frequent injuries. A patient with a brain injury is mostly hospitalized in a healthcare facility, where he/she should be provided with the complex medical care. As a nurse has an important and irreplaceable role in the care, she usually assists a patient at the admission, participates in the treatment, she is present at all complications that arise or at patient's recovery and release, she should have sufficient knowledge and know the rigours of such care. The goal of this thesis was to find out the specifics of the nursing care of patients with brain injuries and to ascertain the knowledge of the possible complications that might arise in patients with brain injuries, among general nurses. Research questions were set: What is the level of the knowledge of nursing care of patients with brain injuries among general nurses? What are the most frequently occurring complications in patients with brain injuries? What are the specifics of the nursing care of patients with brain injuries? How do nurses respond to complications that might arise in patients with brain injuries? Quantitative research carried out in the form of semi-structured interviews and participant observation were chosen for the elaboration of the empiric part. We can conclude on the basis of this work that nurses have good knowledge of the care of patients with brain injuries and its specifics. Nurses from traumatology departments however pay higher attention to a patient at the admission, a patient is disappearing from the answers given by nurses from anaesthesia departments, they more likely speak about examinations and operations. Nurses are also able to reveal complications and deal with them. However, nurses from anaesthesia departments are more capable of referring to this kind of injury and the related complications than those from traumatology. This is why I consider important to offer nurses further education in this issue, which they seem to miss according to results of the interviews. The results of this bachelor thesis can be presented at seminars at anaesthesiology and traumatology departments.

Author: Bc. Jan Vocásek Thesis title: Analysis of the shoulder girdle injury and therapy of overhead athletes in Czech republic Cíl: The aim of the thesis was to create a literal research for the shoulder girdle injuries of overhead athletes, theoretically to write the anatomical and kinesiological characteristics of the shoulder girdle, to analyze the biomechanics, injury mechanisms in individual overhead sports, rehabilitation treatment and to find out how frequent the injuries of athletes in the Czech Republic follow-up treatment varies from abroad. Methods: For the purpose of this research was established a non-standardized questionnaire, based on literature studied and research questions, and then was distributed to 6 selected physicians dealing with this issue in the Czech Republic, who anonymously filled out questions regarding the shoulder joint injury based on their own clinical experiences. Results: Four of the six hypotheses were confirmed from the data obtained. The number of patients with shoulder girdle injuries in overhead sports in the Czech Republic has risen year- on-year and the most common injury is SLAP lesion. It has also been confirmed that the most common injury is caused by ball overhead sports and on the dominant upper limb. Key words: shoulder girdle, overhead sports,...

V článku je prezentován vývoj zjednodušeného modelu přední části vozidla. Jeho povrch je segmentován do podoby MBS modelu se stovkami tuhých těles propojených translačními vazbami k základnímu tělesu. S pomocí modelu je simulována reálná dopravní nehoda. Chodec je reprezentován vyškálovaným modelem VIRTHUMAN. Predikované poranění chodce koreluje s daty z reálné nehody. Vyvinutý model vozidla je následně porovnán s konečnoprvkovým modelem. Výsledky naznačují vliv globální deformace kapoty na poranění chodce. In this paper a novel approach in developing a simplified model of a vehicle front-end is presented. Its surface is segmented to form an MBS model with hundreds of rigid bodies connected via translational joints to a base body. Local stiffness of each joint is calibrated using a headform or a legform impactor corresponding to the EuroNCAP mapping. Hence, the distribution of stiffness of the front-end is taken into account. The model of the front-end is embedded in a whole model of a small car in a simulation of a real accident. The VIRTHUMAN model is scaled in height, weight and age to represent precisely the pedestrian involved. Injury risk predicted by simulation is in correlation with data from real accident. Namely, injuries of head, chest and lower extremities are confirmed. Finally, mechanical response of developed vehicle model is compared to an FE model of the same vehicle in a pedestrian impact scenario. VIRTHUMAN model of a 13-year-old boy (150 cm, 40 kg) is chosen to represent the pedestrian and the lateral impact at 45 km/h is considered for various initial positions of pedestrian. While local deformation of the MBS bonnet leads to the HIC value corresponding to the EuroNCAP assessment, prediction obtained in the case of FE model may differ. This reflects the fact that deformation of the bonnet caused by an impact of the torso may influence the shape and the stiffness of the bonnet at the location of head strike

This thesis deals with the nursing care of the patient with facial injuries. Injuries to the face is a synonym for many types of injuries. This term is a soft tissue injury, facial trays, teeth, nose, eye, orbit, burns, frostbite, fractures of the lower and upper jaws, Le Fort fractures and dislocations of the jaw. This, the patient needs nursing care quality, whose sister is a carrier. Sister focuses on the specifics of care and knows how to take care of the sick . The work includes theoretical and practical part. Introduction The theoretical part consists of the types of facial injuries. It builds on the already soft tissue injuries, lower, middle and upper face floor. The thesis continues with information about the causes of disease, diagnostic methods, first aid, treatment, complications and treatment of the orofacial region. Then comes the topic, which includes intervention in a patient with facial injuries within nursing care. Essential topics are dealing with oral hygiene, dressing, pain and nutrition. The following are the communication skills of nurses and rehabilitation of the orofacial region. The practical part consists of a qualitative research using semi-structured interview, which consists of 17 questions. The research sample consisted of nurses traumatology department of the Czech Budějovice Hospital a.s. taking care of patients with facial injuries. Interviews were, after approval of the principal and chief nurse at the appropriate department, where these nurses work. Chats are completely anonymous, a free choice of nurses. After approval of the nurses station to request interviews were sisters recorded in writing on paper. The research took place at the beginning of April 2014.

Title: Motional rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Objectives: 1. To compare several rehabilitation approaches of different authors after the ACL reconstruction surgery. 2. Compilation of author's own rehabilitation programme based on the knowledge acquired from the selected approaches. Methods: This thesis is written as a literary review. Results: Comparison between selected approaches dealing with the ACL injuries. As a result of this comparison a list is created describing the elements the aproaches have in common and those that they differ in. In conclusion a rehabilitation program is created using the knowledge acquired from the aforementioned aproaches. Keywords: injuries, knee joint, ligament, rehabilitation

Title: Case study of physiotherapeutic care of patient after plastic operation of LCA. Summary: This bachelor thesis consists of two main parts. General and special. General part includes anatomy, biomechanics, kineziology of the knee, biomechanics, injury, physical examination and treatment of the anterior cruciate ligament, further studies on the anterior cruciate ligament grafts, physiotherapy and rehabilitation procedures after the sculpture ligament. The special section includes the case study regarding the physiotherapy treatment of the patient after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. Case report was prepared during the continuous professional bachelor's experience in the Regional Hospital in Kladno. Ethics Committee approved the preparation of this case study. The original opinion of the ethics committee and informed consent is part of the attachments. The signed original is kept by author of this thesis.

Author: Karolína Čížková Institution: Rehab clinic LF UK in Hradec Králové Topic of bachelor's thesis: Physiotherapy in patiens with rupture of ACL Supervisor: Mgr. Zuzana Hamarová Number of pages: 108 Number of annex: 11 Year of vindication 2012 Key words: ACL, knee, rupture of ACL, rehabilitation In general part of this bachelor's thesis is described anatomy, kinesiology and biomechanics of the knee joint, mostly anterior cruciate ligament. It contents causes of injury of anterior cruciate ligament, diagnostic methods and methods of treatment. In special part of this bachelor's thesis is dateiled casuistry of two patients, who have been rehabilitated after reconstructive surgery of ACL in army sports centre Dukla Liberec. Each of these two patients was operated by different method of reconstructive surgery of ACL and the goal of this bachelor's thesis is to compare the success of rehabilitation between these patients.

As a relatively high number of amputation injuries of fingers leading to subsequent replantation occur recently, and the nursing care about these patients is very specific in some spheres, I chose the topic ?specifics of nursing care for patients after replantation of fingers? for my bachelor thesis. As duly and professionally provided nursing care is very important and contributes to successful treatment and patient recovery to normal life after replantation I am convinced that it is necessary for nurses caring about the patients affected this way know the correct treatment principles. The goal of the thesis was to identify the specifics of nursing care for patients after finger replantation, and another goal was to find out how nurses cope with nursing care about patients after finger replantation. The research was based on combination of quantitative and qualitative methods and was focused on some fields of the care about these patients on one hand and on the fact whether nurses apply the nursing approach focused on patient needs on the other. The quantitative research was based on an anonymous questionnaire, the qualitative research on observation. The combination was chosen to enable comparison of theoretical knowledge of nurses with the practical activity. The research sample consisted of nurses from the accident and plastic surgery ward. Nurses from the standard treatment section, from the outpatient surgery and from the ICU were asked for cooperation. Hypothesis 1: Nurses know the principles of stump and amputate treatment ? was confirmed. Hypothesis: Nurses know the principles of nursing care about patients after finger replantation ? was confirmed. Hypothesis 3: Nurses plan the care process focused on patient needs after finger replantation ? was not confirmed. Question 1/ What problems do nurses have in providing nursing care for patients after finger replantation? Nurses do not have problems with providing nursing care for patients after finger replantation. Question 2/ To what extent do nurses caring about patients after finger replantation apply the nursing care process? Not all the nurses apply the nursing care process to the full extent. I found during working on the thesis that very few available materials intended for nurses existed on this topic. This is why a brochure including the principles of due nursing care for patients after finger replantation was issued upon the thesis for nurses caring for patients with this problem. A nursing standard, which is still unavailable, could also be elaborated.

This work is focused on the injury analysis at Physical exercises at three chosen grammar schools. The work can be divided into two parts. The first part focuses on multitude and injury substitution. The second part deals with safety and pupils´ health protection. At the close of the work there is a suggestion of precautionary measures to cut down the pupils´ accident rate.

Injuries in childhood belong to general healthcare problems these days. They participate in the number of hospitalized and ambulatory treated children which costs our society a lot of money. Most laics and also nursing staff understand the term injury caused by an animal most of all the biting by a dog. The topic of injury caused by an animal became wider in child age. It is caused by the increase in the number of pets, often it is a small discipline of the animal owners and keepers, especially a free movement of dogs, cats, overpopulated sewer-rats in urban parts and also the higher number of exotic animals kept by non-professionals. Concerning rabies there is a given procedure for the biting by an animal which is not familiar or it is not possible to omit the transmission of rabies by saliva. The risks of tetanus and anaerobic infections are also known. The risks of the occurrence of a serious unspecific infection or cosmetic-plastic perspectives are less considered. In children these are mostly faces, arms and parts of fingers. As the initial source of long-term to whole-life consequences, the infection is assessed in primary care. The problem of suffering, psychical deprivation and pain of children and their relatives must not be omitted. Small injuries should not be underestimated. Every injured person should immediately seek medical help. Examination and treatment in children is necessary, even if the injury is small. According to my opinion the most injuries in children are caused by underestimating of risks which exist in the child ´s environment. It is not right to think that continuous supervision is the only way to avoid injuries. The prevention of injuries in children should also be supported by the efficient education of children on imminent danger. The part of prevention should also be the creation of a secure environment for a child. The objective of the thesis was to pay attention to these problems. Further, it was to map the rate of injuries of children in South Bohemian Region treated by Health Rescue Service of South Bohemian Region and Hospital České Budějovice Inc. The thesis should contribute to active solution of problems connected to injuries caused by animals and putting up with them.

To work in a field of medicine is a vocation in which we are helping other people to keep, to find and to maintain their health. In performing her job duties a nurse can be threatened by various risk factors. One of these factors is an injury caused by contaminated needle. This injury can consequently cause to transfer more than twenty different kinds of contagious germs, viruses, bacteria and moulds. Unfortunately there is a general tendency to underestimate and not report such thrusts. This happens despite the fact that every nurse is aware of the possible risks connected with injuries caused by contaminated needle. The injuries of medical workers represent a very relevant and up-to-date topic. And there are a growing body of literature monitoring injuries caused by needle, or by another sharp tool and general impact of it on society. In my Bachelor{\crq}s work I have chosen to address questions of thrust and needle injuries among nurses in the working process. The research included a participation of nurses from standard wards a from intensive care wards in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. All the collected information is based on direct observations and interviewing. The obtained data were compiled in the form of quantitative research analyses. In my research I have focused on frequency of needle caused injuries among the nurses. I have investigated whether the nurses know preventive procedures and, if so, they adhere to these safety principles. Particular results obtained from the questionnaire{\crq}s survey collected among the nurses were then compared in relation to different areas - within particular hospital wards, between the standard wards and the wards of intensive care. I have also evaluated the nurses as a whole. My hypothesis concerning the higher frequency of needle injuries among the nurses working in intensive cares wards were confirmed by my research. The number of injured nurses at the intensive cares wards was higher by 16% than among the nurses working in the standard wards. My second hypothesis assuming that nurses know all the preventive precautions regarding the needle injuries were disproved by my research results. The research has shown that nurses do not know the safety proceedings, as only 36% of the nurses were able to describe at least three such proceedings. My third hypothesis concerning nurses{\crq} adherence to the safety principles preventing them from such-like injuries were also questioned in my research. As a matter of fact, only 48% of nurses who know the basic safety proceedings always follow these guidelines. My fourth hypothesis addressing supposed differences (between nurses at intensive care unit and standard units) in adhering to the standard approaches in injecting peripheral venous cannula was also confirmed. The resulting difference between the adherences to the standard procedures between each particular unit is 4%. It is my intention to offer the results of my research to the management of the Hospital České Budějovice, but also to the nurses themselves in order for them to realize the risks of possible injuries caused by needles and to introduce security systems for manipulation with sharp tools used in common practice.

In compliance with a worldwide there is a growing interest in cycling tourism even in the Czech Republic Cycling is getting modern and is starting to be an inseparable part of lifestyle. Today{\crq}s situation brings positive and negative consequences. The most important negative one is growing accident rate that is connected with considerable economic losses and mainly with casualties. The aim of this work was to collect dates concerning all accidents with bikers attendance in the region of České Budějovice from April 2006 to October 2006 and consequently to analyze cyclist{\crq}s injuries. By this research was found out that in corpus 60% of accidents with cyclists attendance result in head injury of the cyclist. This injury forms 35% of all cyclists{\crq} injuries in corpus. The second most frequent injury is a leg injury with 40%.