29 results on '"political uses of the past"'
Search Results
2. The Political Uses of the Past During the Cold War: Conservative Intellectuals and the Military Dictatorship in Brazil
- Author
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Diogo Cunha
- Subjects
brazilian military dictatorship ,conservative intellectuals ,national identity ,political uses of the past ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to examine how, in the context of the Cold War and Latin America’s National Security dictatorships, conservative Brazilian intellectuals turned to history to demonstrate the country’s ‘incompatibility’ with progressive values and left-wing government. It analyzes a selection of lectures given by acclaimed conservative intellectuals at the National War College during the 1960s and 70s. An examination of these lectures demonstrates that many of the elements chosen to define ‘national identity’ under the ‘Estado Novo’ dictatorship of 1937-45 – such as the valorization of miscegenation, a belief in the docile nature of the Brazilian people, the exaltation of work and the idea of a nation founded on cohesion and cooperation – were revived after 1964. Thus, conservative intellectuals made an important contribution to legitimizing the military dictatorship of 1964-85 by inscribing it within what they believed the Brazilian tradition to be, presenting it as the only regime capable of preserving national unity and culture against the threats posed by Marxism and communism. more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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3. Usos políticos do passado no governo Vargas: Tiradentes e a Inconfidência Mineira.
- Author
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Barbosa Fraga, André
- Abstract
Copyright of História Unisinos is the property of Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Elisa Lynch como heroína nacional no stronismo: Representações de gênero, domesticidade e sufragismo.
- Author
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Neres da Silva, Natania
- Subjects
- *
PARAGUAYAN War, 1865-1870 , *PARAGUAYANS , *NATIONALISM ,ARGENTINE history, 1860-1910 ,HISTORY of Paraguay, 1811-1870 - Abstract
The article aims to analyze the political uses of Elisa Lynch, who had an affective relationship with the Paraguayan president Francisco Solano López and was an important character in the Triple Alliance War (1864-1870). A central episode in the History of Paraguay, the war and its main characters were thoroughly studied. It was not different with Lynch: her trajectory was reconstructed in several biographical works. Characterized, at the end of the conflict, as a vile and manipulative woman, in the 20th century, during the Stroessner regime, Elisa Lynch was elevated as national heroine, along with her partner. This research reflects on the potential political interests behind this rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Un passé national pour le « bolsonarismo » : les usages politiques de l'indépendance dans le Brésil contemporain
- Author
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Fernando Nicolazzi
- Subjects
political uses of the past ,usages politiques du passé ,bolsonarism ,indépendance du Brésil ,independencia del Brasil ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,usos políticos del pasado ,bolsonarismo ,Brazilian independence ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Dans cet article, j'analyse les usages du passé dans le Brésil contemporain, en prenant comme étude de cas la manière dont l'histoire de l'indépendance brésilienne (1822) est manipulée par des secteurs d'extrême droite qui configurent l'idéologie politique du « bolsonarismo ». L'un de ces secteurs est représenté ici par Brasil Paralelo, une maison de production de contenu audiovisuel qui agit dans le contexte des soi-disant « guerres culturelles » dans la société brésilienne. Je soutiens que cette façon d'utiliser le passé fonctionne comme une mythologie politique qui cherche à manipuler et à moraliser l'histoire. In this article, I analyze the uses of the past in contemporary Brazil, taking as a case study how the history of Brazilian independence (1822) is manipulated by extreme right sectors that configure the political ideology of "bolsonarismo". One of these sectors is represented here by Brasil Paralelo, an audiovisual producer company that acts in the context of the so-called "culture wars" in Brazilian society. I argue that this way of using the past functions as a political mythology that seeks to manipulate and moralize history. En este artículo analizo los usos del pasado en el Brasil contemporáneo, tomando como estudio de caso las formas en que la historia de la independencia brasileña (1822) es instrumentalizada por sectores de la extrema derecha que configuran la ideología política del "bolsonarismo". Uno de esos sectores está representado aquí por Brasil Paralelo, una empresa de contenidos audiovisuales que viene actuando en el contexto de las llamadas "guerras culturales" en la sociedad brasileña. Argumento que esta forma de uso del pasado actúa como una mitología política que busca instrumentalizar y moralizar la historia. more...
- Published
- 2022
6. EL USO POLÍTICO DE LAS CONMEMORACIONES: EL MITO DE AZAÑA Y EL SACRIFICIO DE SUÁREZ.
- Author
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MARÍA SÁNCHEZ-PRIETO, JUAN
- Subjects
MEMORIALS ,ANNIVERSARIES & politics ,FRANCOISM ,SOCIALISM ,SPANISH politics & government, 1939-1975 - Abstract
Copyright of Historia y Politica: Ideas, Procesos y Movimientos Sociales is the property of Departamento De Historia del Pensamiento y de los Moviemientos Sociales y Politicos (Madrid) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2017
7. Disputas pela memoria e a historia na América Latina: os casos guatemalteco, salvadorenho e chileno.
- Author
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Cristina Quinteros, Marcela
- Subjects
- *
FALSIFICATION , *HISTORY & politics , *HISTORY ,EL Salvador politics & government ,GUATEMALAN politics & government ,CHILEAN politics & government - Abstract
This text analyzes three articles on the "political uses of the past" in different moments of the national history of El Salvador, Guatemala and Chile, to think over the ways to write the national histories in the post wars. This text debates how a hegemonic interpretation can silent or displaces other historical interpretations. It analyzes the role of the authors in these combats for the memory and the history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2016
8. Disputas pela memória e a história na América Latina: os casos guatemalteco, salvadorenho e chileno.
- Author
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Quinteros, Marcela Cristina
- Subjects
- *
HEGEMONY , *NATIONALISM , *COLLECTIVE memory , *HISTORIOGRAPHY , *SOCIAL psychology , *NARRATIVES - Abstract
This text analyzes three articles on the "political uses of the past" in different moments of the national history of El Salvador, Guatemala and Chile, to think over the ways to write the national histories in the post wars. This text debates how a hegemonic interpretation can silent or displaces other historical interpretations. It analyzes the role of the authors in these combats for the memory and the history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Collective Memory and Political Mythologies: Eleftherios Venizelos in Greek Postwar Historiography, 1945–1967
- Author
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Christos Triantafyllou
- Subjects
Literature ,History ,Metonymy ,business.industry ,Eleftherios Venizelos ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Historiography ,Context (language use) ,Reputation Studies ,Mythology ,Collective memory ,Symbol ,Politics ,Collective Memory ,History of Historiography ,Narrative ,business ,media_common ,Political Uses of the Past - Abstract
During the first decades after the Second World War, Greek society had to deal with a vast array of issues, including its relationship with the past. In this context, Eleftherios Venizelos, a great statesman of the early twentieth century, was frequently used both as a symbol in contemporary political debates and as a metonymy in various attempts to contextualise the history of the first half of the century. An important part of these attempts was the corpus of public narratives produced about Venizelos and his era, either as historiographical accounts or autobiographical texts. These narratives, published in newspapers and books, were not, for the most part, academic; their authors were usually journalists, retired military officers, or politicians, who formed a political-historical nexus and who produced a new discourse on a historical period which had hitherto received little or no historiographical attention. In fact, this discourse left its mark on Greek political and historical culture for decades to come. more...
- Published
- 2021
10. Los orígenes del Museo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (MUNCYT) y la construcción del patrimonio científico-tecnológico en la España de la transición
- Author
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Ruiz-Castell, Pedro and Ruiz-Castell, Pedro
- Abstract
El Museo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (MUNCYT) fue fundado en 1980. Establecido en plena transición de la dictadura franquista hacia la democracia, un período en el que la ciencia y la tecnología fueron vistos como elementos cruciales para la modernización de España, el estudio de la creación del MUNCYT permite explorar algunas de las continuidades y discontinuidades que existieron entre el régimen franquista y el sistema democrático establecido tras la muerte del dictador en 1975. Curiosamente, el MUNCYT fue creado sin colecciones y no fue hasta 1982 que los primeros instrumentos llegaron al museo. Como muestra este artículo, la adquisición de estos instrumentos incorporó una retórica política específica que puede analizarse a la luz de los usos políticos de la historia de la ciencia y del papel desempeñado por los museos de ciencia y tecnología en tales prácticas., The Spanish National Museum of Science and Technology (Museo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, MUNCYT) was founded in 1980. The MUNCYTwas established in the so-called transition from Franco's dictatorship to democracy, in which science and technology were seen as crucial elements for the modernization of Spain. The study of how the MUNCYT was created allows exploration of some of the continuities and discontinuities between Franco's regime and the democratic system established after the death of the dictator in1975. Strangely, the MUNCYT was created with no collections, and it was only in 1982 that the first instruments arrived in the museum. As this paper shows, the acquisition of these instruments embedded a specific political rhetoric that can be analyzed in the light of political uses of the history of science and the role played by science and technology museums in such practices. more...
- Published
- 2020
11. Rituales mortuorios y ceremonial cívico: José de San Martín en el panteón argentino.
- Author
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BRAGONI, BEATRIZ
- Subjects
FUNERALS -- History ,HEROES ,ARGENTINE War of Independence, 1810-1817 ,MANNERS & customs ,RITES & ceremonies ,LATIN American wars of independence, 1806-1830 ,GREAT men & women - Abstract
Copyright of Histórica (02528894) is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Explorer le champ des possibles. Approches contrefactuelles et futurs non advenus en histoire.
- Author
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DELUERMOZ, Quentin and SINGARAVÉLOU, Pierre
- Abstract
The article discusses the presence of counterfactuel approaches in areas such as daily life, social sciences, and history, the lack of interest among French historians regarding counterfactual analysis, and counterfactual history being the subject of many debates among English researchers since the 1990s. The success of the book "Virtual History. Alternatives and Counterfactuals" by Niall Ferguson is mentioned. The authors present an historiographical overview of the counterfactual approach and examine fundamental questions posed by historians such as the relationship between history and fiction, social science experimentation, and truth and determinism in history. more...
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Burke's Vehemence and the Rhetoric of Historical Exaggeration.
- Author
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Stryer, Steven
- Subjects
- *
POLITICAL oratory , *HYPERBOLE , *RHETORIC , *RHETORICAL criticism , *MEDIEVALISM , *SEMANTICS , *HISTORY of political parties - Abstract
This article seeks to explain Edmund Burke's notorious verbal vehemence as a consequence of a deliberate rhetorical strategy. I argue that over the course of a thirty-year parliamentary career, Burke relied on sharply formulated historical contrasts in order to express his opposition to the policies of successive ministries and warn of threats to the nation's defining achievements. Through the use of four distinct syntactical patterns, Burke cultivated a style of hyperbole which exaggerated both the failings of the present and the virtues of the national past, focusing on two periods in particular: The High Middle Ages and the early eighteenth-century era of Whig Oligarchy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. HISTORIENS MILITANTS OU HISTORIENS DE BUREAU? LES PRODUCTEURS DU RÉCIT HISTORIQUE OFFICIEL À L'INSTITUT DE LA MÉMOIRE NATIONALE *.
- Author
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Behr, Valentin
- Subjects
- *
NATIONALISM , *RESEARCH institutes , *RESEARCH bias , *HISTORICAL research , *HISTORIANS - Abstract
This sociological approach examines the social and political aspects of the work done by historians at the Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) in Poland as well as their ways of writing historical narratives. Light is shed on the institutional factors that severely restrict researchers' scientific autonomy, since the IPN approves research programs. The election of the IPN's leadership is a key moment of political dependency. This article leads us to reconsider the role of historians as producers of the official historical narrative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. 'You catch me alive, I escape dead': the commemoration of the death of students in the resistance against the military regime.
- Author
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Müller, Angélica
- Abstract
The article looks at commemorations of dead or missing student activists by other students resisting Brazil's military regime in the 1970s. Particular focus is given to memorials for Ação Libertadora Nacional (ALN) militant Alexandre Vannucchi Leme, União Nacional dos Estudantes (UNE) president Honestino Guimarães, and secondary school student Edson Luis. The author queries why the death of Luis, who was not an activist, became so strongly linked to the deaths of resistance leaders such as Leme and Guimarães,. Other topics include the instrumentalization of memory, group identity, and military dictatorship. more...
- Published
- 2011
16. The political use of commemorations: The myth of Azaña and the Suarez’s sacrifice
- Author
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Sánchez-Prieto, Juan María and Sánchez-Prieto, Juan María
- Abstract
The goal of this work is to take into account the figure of Manuel Azaña as a lieu de la memoire laying upon the conmmemorations of his birth and death, in 1980 and 1990, events which turned Azaña — reviled during the Francoist dictatorship — into an almost revered national icon. I will analyze the political use of Azaña in this context, particularly linked to the political quarrels to hold the political centre during the decade of socialist hegemony. This political use is not limited, as historiography has noted until now, to the partisan instrumentalization of that figure made by the new Partido Popular of Aznar at the beginning of the 90s. Tierno Galván and the former president Suárez have tried as weel to use Azaña’s memory. In the course of the conmmemorative decade, Suárez projected in a original way the comparison with Azaña and, once created the CDS, looked for to transform the new party in the banner of the so called neoazañismo, in other words, a new PSP made to mesure for him, being helped to fulfill that project by Morodo. The recognition of the figure of Azaña by Aznar is easy to understand along this path, trying to appropriate with decisiveness that political legacy from Suárez, once this was politically sacrified, as the latest stage of a series of iterative commemorative rituals., El objeto de este trabajo es la consideración de Azaña como lugar de memoria al filo de las conmemoraciones de su nacimiento y muerte, en 1980 y 1990, que llegaron a convertir a Azaña —denostado por el franquismo— casi en objeto de culto nacional. Asimismo se pretende abordar el uso político de Azaña en ese contexto, particularmente ligado a la recreación y disputa del centro político durante la década de hegemonía socialista. Un uso que no se limita, como ha señalado hasta ahora la historiografía, a la instrumentalización partidista de su figura por parte del nuevo Partido Popular de Aznar en los primeros años de la década de 1990. Con anterioridad ya lo hicieron Tierno Galván y Adolfo Suárez. En el transcurso de la década conmemorativa, Suárez usó de manera particular la comparación con Azaña y, creado el Centro Democrático y Social (CDS), buscó hacer del nuevo partido la enseña del neoazañismo, un nuevo Partido Socialista Popular (PSP) a su medida, contando para ello con la ayuda de Morodo. La reivindicación de Azaña por parte de Aznar no sería entonces sino la expresión de una decidida voluntad por hacerse con la herencia íntegra de Suárez, una vez consumado el sacrificio político de este, a modo de último ritual de la conmemoración. more...
- Published
- 2018
17. Procesos de resistencia de los trabajadores del Hospital San Juan de Dios (1999-2015)
- Author
-
Triviño Maldonado, Karen Paola and Rozo, Esteban
- Subjects
Abandono ,Economía laboral ,Colombia [Política de salud] ,Abandonment ,Modelo neoliberal ,Political uses of the past ,Resistance ,Disaffiliation ,Exclusion ,Salud Colombia ,Exclusión ,Condiciones sociales [Trabajadores] ,Personal de hospitales ,Ilegibilidad ,Desafiliación ,illegibility ,Health colombia ,Resistencia ,Memory ,Memoria ,Trabajo y trabajadores ,Usos políticos del pasado ,Neoliberal model - Abstract
Esta investigación analiza los procesos de resistencia de los trabajadores del Hospital San Juan de Dios de Bogotá, el cual cerró sus puertas en el año 2001. Pese a no encontrarse en funcionamiento y sin contar con ninguna garantía laboral, un grupo de trabajadores permanecen de forma indefinida en el Hospital firmando asistencia diaria o habitando en él. El trabajo explora los efectos de las políticas neoliberales en el sistema de salud pública, a partir del cierre del Hospital San Juan de Dios y los efectos de estas políticas en la vida de los trabajadores que estaban vinculados al Hospital. Se propone dar cuenta de cómo los trabajadores se resisten a perder su condición social de trabajador, para lo cual han creado nuevas funciones laborales de cuidado y protección del Hospital como su nuevo paciente. Acciones de legitimidad trascienden a diferentes estrategias políticas como la construcción de relatos históricos y la patrimonalizacion del Hospital. This research project analyzes the resistance processes of the workers from Hospital San Juan de Dios in Bogotá, which closed its doors in 2001. Despite the fact of not being in operation without any labor guarantee, a group of workers remain indefinite in the hospital signing daily assistance or living in it. The study explores the effects of the neoliberal policies in the public health system, from the closure of the Hospital San Juan de Dios and the effects of these policies on the workers’ lives who were linked to it. It is proposed to give an account of how workers refuse to lose their social status as workers, for which they have created new occupational functions of care and protection of the Hospital as their new patient. Legitimacy actions transcend different political strategies such as the construction of historical narratives and the heritagization of the Hospital. more...
- Published
- 2018
18. El uso político de las conmemoraciones: el mito de Azaña y el sacrificio de Suárez
- Author
-
Sánchez-Prieto, Juan María
- Subjects
political uses of the past ,Adolfo Suárez ,democracy ,Azaña ,Spain ,Conmemoraciones ,democracia ,España ,usos políticos del pasado ,Commemorations - Abstract
The goal of this work is to take into account the figure of Manuel Azaña as a lieu de la memoire laying upon the conmmemorations of his birth and death, in 1980 and 1990, events which turned Azaña — reviled during the Francoist dictatorship — into an almost revered national icon. I will analyze the political use of Azaña in this context, particularly linked to the political quarrels to hold the political centre during the decade of socialist hegemony. This political use is not limited, as historiography has noted until now, to the partisan instrumentalization of that figure made by the new Partido Popular of Aznar at the beginning of the 90s. Tierno Galván and the former president Suárez have tried as weel to use Azaña’s memory. In the course of the conmmemorative decade, Suárez projected in a original way the comparison with Azaña and, once created the CDS, looked for to transform the new party in the banner of the so called neoazañismo, in other words, a new PSP made to mesure for him, being helped to fulfill that project by Morodo. The recognition of the figure of Azaña by Aznar is easy to understand along this path, trying to appropriate with decisiveness that political legacy from Suárez, once this was politically sacrified, as the latest stage of a series of iterative commemorative rituals. El objeto de este trabajo es la consideración de Azaña como lugar de memoria al filo de las conmemoraciones de su nacimiento y muerte, en 1980 y 1990, que llegaron a convertir a Azaña —denostado por el franquismo— casi en objeto de culto nacional. Asimismo se pretende abordar el uso político de Azaña en ese contexto, particularmente ligado a la recreación y disputa del centro político durante la década de hegemonía socialista. Un uso que no se limita, como ha señalado hasta ahora la historiografía, a la instrumentalización partidista de su figura por parte del nuevo Partido Popular de Aznar en los primeros años de la década de 1990. Con anterioridad ya lo hicieron Tierno Galván y Adolfo Suárez. En el transcurso de la década conmemorativa, Suárez usó de manera particular la comparación con Azaña y, creado el Centro Democrático y Social (CDS), buscó hacer del nuevo partido la enseña del neoazañismo, un nuevo Partido Socialista Popular (PSP) a su medida, contando para ello con la ayuda de Morodo. La reivindicación de Azaña por parte de Aznar no sería entonces sino la expresión de una decidida voluntad por hacerse con la herencia íntegra de Suárez, una vez consumado el sacrificio político de este, a modo de último ritual de la conmemoración. more...
- Published
- 2018
19. El uso político de las conmemoraciones: el mito de Azaña y el sacrificio de Suárez
- Author
-
Sánchez-Prieto, Juan María and Sánchez-Prieto, Juan María
- Abstract
The goal of this work is to take into account the figure of Manuel Azaña as a lieu de la memoire laying upon the conmmemorations of his birth and death, in 1980 and 1990, events which turned Azaña — reviled during the Francoist dictatorship — into an almost revered national icon. I will analyze the political use of Azaña in this context, particularly linked to the political quarrels to hold the political centre during the decade of socialist hegemony. This political use is not limited, as historiography has noted until now, to the partisan instrumentalization of that figure made by the new Partido Popular of Aznar at the beginning of the 90s. Tierno Galván and the former president Suárez have tried as weel to use Azaña’s memory. In the course of the conmmemorative decade, Suárez projected in a original way the comparison with Azaña and, once created the CDS, looked for to transform the new party in the banner of the so called neoazañismo, in other words, a new PSP made to mesure for him, being helped to fulfill that project by Morodo. The recognition of the figure of Azaña by Aznar is easy to understand along this path, trying to appropriate with decisiveness that political legacy from Suárez, once this was politically sacrified, as the latest stage of a series of iterative commemorative rituals., El objeto de este trabajo es la consideración de Azaña como lugar de memoria al filo de las conmemoraciones de su nacimiento y muerte, en 1980 y 1990, que llegaron a convertir a Azaña —denostado por el franquismo— casi en objeto de culto nacional. Asimismo se pretende abordar el uso político de Azaña en ese contexto, particularmente ligado a la recreación y disputa del centro político durante la década de hegemonía socialista. Un uso que no se limita, como ha señalado hasta ahora la historiografía, a la instrumentalización partidista de su figura por parte del nuevo Partido Popular de Aznar en los primeros años de la década de 1990. Con anterioridad ya lo hicieron Tierno Galván y Adolfo Suárez. En el transcurso de la década conmemorativa, Suárez usó de manera particular la comparación con Azaña y, creado el Centro Democrático y Social (CDS), buscó hacer del nuevo partido la enseña del neoazañismo, un nuevo Partido Socialista Popular (PSP) a su medida, contando para ello con la ayuda de Morodo. La reivindicación de Azaña por parte de Aznar no sería entonces sino la expresión de una decidida voluntad por hacerse con la herencia íntegra de Suárez, una vez consumado el sacrificio político de este, a modo de último ritual de la conmemoración. more...
- Published
- 2017
20. Os 'usos políticos do passado' nas comemorações oficiais do biênio da colonização e imigração do Rio Grande do Sul (1974–1975)
- Author
-
Lima, Tatiane de and Ramos, Eloisa Helena Capovilla da Luz
- Subjects
Usos políticos do passado ,Biennium of the colonization and immigration ,Ciências Humanas::História [ACCNPQ] ,Comemorações ,Biênio da colonização e imigração ,Political uses of the past ,Celebrations - Abstract
Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-08-07T13:50:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tatiane de Lima_.pdf: 2212661 bytes, checksum: 80637739af45b131e6437dea9033e197 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-07T13:50:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tatiane de Lima_.pdf: 2212661 bytes, checksum: 80637739af45b131e6437dea9033e197 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-03 CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior PROSUP - Programa de Suporte à Pós-Gradução de Instituições de Ensino Particulares A presente dissertação tem como objeto de investigação as comemorações oficiais do Biênio da Colonização e Imigração, ocorridas no Rio Grande do Sul em 1974 e 1975. Promovidas pelo governo estadual, foram impulsionadas pela aproximação das datas comemorativas do Sesquicentenário da Imigração Alemã e do Centenário da Imigração Italiana. O objetivo inicial destas comemorações era homenagear os grupos imigrantes que contribuíram para a formação étnica do estado. Mas, ao longo do processo comemorativo, as homenagens foram estendidas aos grupos negros e indígenas, convertendo o discurso comemorativo. Sendo assim, o principal objetivo desta pesquisa é explicitar como o governo do Rio Grande do Sul fez uso do passado imigrante do estado ao longo das comemorações do Biênio da Colonização e Imigração. Para tanto, a análise do processo comemorativo foi construída em três momentos: 1) A organização das comemorações. Analisamos o Decreto de instituição dos festejos, responsável por deliberar as ações a serem tomadas ao longo do processo comemorativo, e também a cerimônia solene de instalação das comemorações mediante a presença de autoridades no Palácio do Governo do Estado. Investigamos também a formação das Comissões de Homenagem, compostas por sujeitos autorizados pelo governo, e que ficaram responsáveis pela criação dos Programas Comemorativos de seus respectivos grupos de origem. E, sentimos a necessidade de mapear as cidades participantes dos festejos e quantificar/qualificar os atos celebrativos promovidos, mediante o desmembramento da Programação Oficial. 2) As comemorações ao Pioneirismo Luso-Brasileiro, ao Sesquicentenário Alemão e ao Centenário Italiano. Através da análise da réplica da chegada dos imigrantes alemães e italianos tendo como espectador o Presidente Ernesto Geisel, da promoção de eventos e da criação de instituições de fomento aos estudos do passado imigrante do estado e da construção de monumentos, confirmamos a ênfase dada às comemorações destes três grupos. 3) Por fim, os atos celebrativos promovidos em homenagem aos demais grupos de imigrantes, negros e índios. Analisamos o processo de ampliação de grupos a serem homenageados, e a consequente mudança no discurso oficial destas comemorações. This dissertation has as its main subject of investigation the official commemorations of the Biennium of the Colonization and Immigration that took place in Rio Grande do Sul in 1974 and 1975. Promoted by the State government, these commemorations were motivated by the upcoming 150th anniversary of the German Immigration and the 100th anniversary of the Italian Immigration. The initial goal of these celebrations was to honor the different immigrant groups who contributed to the ethnic composition of the State. However, during the commemorative process, the tributes were extended to include homage to native and Afro-descendent Brazilians, thus, changing the initial official discourse. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to make explicit how the government of Rio Grande do Sul used the immigrant past of the State during the commemorations of the Biennium of the Colonization and Immigration. To this end, the analysis of the commemorative process is constructed in three periods: 1) The organization of the celebrations. We analyzed the decree instituting the festivities, which determined actions to be taken during the commemorative process and the official ceremony opening the celebrations in the presence of the State government authorities. We also investigated the formation of the Tribute Commissions, composed by individuals authorized by the government, who were also responsible for the creation of the Commemorative Programs of their respective ethnic groups. Also, we mapped the municipalities participating in the festivities, and quantified and qualified the celebratory acts promoted in face of the dismembering of the Official Program. 2) The commemorations honoring the Luso-Brazilian pioneering, the 150th anniversary of German immigration, and the 100th anniversary of Italian immigration. By analyzing the reenactment of the arrival of German and Italian immigrants having as spectator President Ernesto Geisel, the promotion of events and creation of institutions incentivizing the studies of the immigrant history in the State, and the building of monuments, we confirmed the emphasis given to the celebration of these three groups. 3) The celebratory acts promoted in honor of native and Afro-descendent Brazilians. We analyzed the process extending the tributes to these ethnic groups, and its resulting change in the official discourse of these commemorations. more...
- Published
- 2017
21. The political use of commemorations: The myth of Azaña and the Suarez’s sacrifice
- Author
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Juan María Sánchez-Prieto, Universidad Pública de Navarra. Departamento de Sociología, and Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. Soziologia Saila
- Subjects
Adolfo Suárez ,Democracia ,History ,Hegemony ,Sociology and Political Science ,Conmemoraciones ,Political uses of the past ,España ,Context (language use) ,Historiography ,Dictatorship ,Democracy ,Commemorations ,Politics ,Azaña ,Spain ,Political science ,Banner ,Icon ,Humanities ,computer ,Usos políticos del pasado ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
El objeto de este trabajo es la consideración de Azaña como lugar de memoria al filo de las conmemoraciones de su nacimiento y muerte, en 1980 y 1990, que llegaron a convertir a Azaña —denostado por el franquismo— casi en objeto de culto nacional. Asimismo se pretende abordar el uso político de Azaña en ese contexto, particularmente ligado a la recreación y disputa del centro político durante la década de hegemonía socialista. Un uso que no se limita, como ha señalado hasta ahora la historiografía, a la instrumentalización partidista de su figura por parte del nuevo Partido Popular de Aznar en los primeros años de la década de 1990. Con anterioridad ya lo hicieron Tierno Galván y Adolfo Suárez. En el transcurso de la década conmemorativa, Suárez usó de manera particular la comparación con Azaña y, creado el Centro Democrático y Social (CDS), buscó hacer del nuevo partido la enseña del neoazañismo, un nuevo Partido Socialista Popular (PSP) a su medida, contando para ello con la ayuda de Morodo. La reivindicación de Azaña por parte de Aznar no sería entonces sino la expresión de una decidida voluntad por hacerse con la herencia íntegra de Suárez, una vez consumado el sacrificio político de este, a modo de último ritual de la conmemoración. The goal of this work is to take into account the figure of Manuel Azaña as a lieu de la memoire laying upon the conmmemorations of his birth and death, in 1980 and 1990, events which turned Azaña — reviled during the Francoist dictatorship — into an almost revered national icon. I will analyze the political use of Azaña in this context, particularly linked to the political quarrels to hold the political centre during the decade of socialist hegemony. This political use is not limited, as historiography has noted until now, to the partisan instrumentalization of that figure made by the new Partido Popular of Aznar at the beginning of the 90s. Tierno Galván and the former president Suárez have tried as weel to use Azaña’s memory. In the course of the conmmemorative decade, Suárez projected in a original way the comparison with Azaña and, once created the CDS, looked for to transform the new party in the banner of the so called neoazañismo, in other words, a new PSP made to mesure for him, being helped to fulfill that project by Morodo. The recognition of the figure of Azaña by Aznar is easy to understand along this path, trying to appropriate with decisiveness that political legacy from Suárez, once this was politically sacrified, as the latest stage of a series of iterative commemorative rituals. more...
- Published
- 2017
22. Le talent littéraire de l’abbé Schoonjans et l’instrumentalisation léopoldiste de l’histoire. Le recueil Pour la Couronne (1947)
- Author
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USL-B - Centre de recherches en histoire du droit et des institutions (CRHIDI), Bousmar, Eric, Dag van de Nieuwste Geschiedenis 2014 : Geschiedenis & Herdenking. Journée de l’Histoire Contemporaine 2014 : Histoire & Mémoire, USL-B - Centre de recherches en histoire du droit et des institutions (CRHIDI), Bousmar, Eric, and Dag van de Nieuwste Geschiedenis 2014 : Geschiedenis & Herdenking. Journée de l’Histoire Contemporaine 2014 : Histoire & Mémoire more...
- Abstract
L'exposé porte sur l’écriture de fiction comme moyen de vulgarisation et de polémique utilisé par un historien. Dans cette vaste question, on se concentrera sur l’utilisation de bonne foi du passé par un historien dans le cadre de la polémique léopoldiste et de la Question royale (1944-1951): l’abbé Schoonjans, professeur à la Faculté de philosophie et lettres de l’Institut Saint-Louis (Bruxelles). On montrera que ce moyen est mis au service non d’une élucidation des enjeux du passé mais d’une instrumentalisation de celui-ci, le jugement de l’historien étant paralysé par un discours mémoriel englobant, de type unitariste, catholique et monarchiste. Cela dit, les modalités mises en oeuvre, jusqu'au recours au récit fantastique et au réalisme magique, se révèlent particulièrement riches sur le plan de l'écriture littéraire. La plupart des textes examinés ont paru dans le quotidien "La Libre Belgique" avant d'être repris en recueil sous le titre "Pour la Couronne" (1947). more...
- Published
- 2014
23. La historia de América Latina contada por italianos en la época del fascismo
- Author
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Brandalise, Carla
- Subjects
Nationalism ,Fascism ,Usos políticos do passado ,Fascismo ,Nacionalismo ,Political uses of the past ,Usos políticos del pasado - Abstract
Through an epistemological and methodological perspective of the political uses of the past, this article aims to analyze the particular historical narrative that Italy produced at the time of fascism in regard to its connection with Latin America, especially in the 1920s. It is in this decade that interest in the South American subcontinent appears with special force, amid an elevation of prestige, economic disputes and the presence of yearnings for a 'new' Italy in the region. Taking advantage of the Italian production of the liberal past and the late 19th century, we perform a reconceptualization in the form of a cognitive set of intrinsic and 'natural' relationships between the Latin nations as a whole. This acts as a mythic-symbolic instrument of integration through an idealized past, often fictitious, like a mirage. A través de una perspectiva epistemológica y metodológica específica, los usos políticos del pasado, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la narrativa histórica particular que Italia produce en la época del fascismo en lo que se refiere a su relación con América Latina, especialmente en la década de 1920. Es en esta década que el interés por el subcontinente latinoamericano aparece con especial fuerza, en medio de una perspectiva de elevación de prestigio, de disputa de mercados económicos y anhelos de presencia de la "nueva" Italia en la región. Aprovechando incluso la producción italiana del pasado liberal y de finales del siglo XIX, se hace una reelaboración y una recontextualización discursiva en la forma de un molde cognitivo de la intrínseca y la relación "natural" entre las naciones latinas en su conjunto. Una proposición que se ajusta como instrumento mítico-simbólico de integración a través de un pasado idealizado, muchas veces, ficticio como un espejismo. Através de uma perspectiva epistemológica e metodológica es-pecífica, os usos políticos do passado, este artigo visa analisar a particular narrativa histórica que a Itália produz na época do fascismo a propósito de sua ligação com a América Latina, em especial, nos anos de 1920. É nesta década que o interesse pelo subcontinente sul-americano aparece com especial força, em meio a uma perspectiva de elevação de prestígio, de disputa de mercados econômicos e anseios de presença da ‘nova’ Itália na região. Aproveitando, inclusive, a produção italiana do passado liberal e de finais do século XIX, faz-se uma reelaborarão e uma recontextualização discursiva na forma de um elenco cognitivo da intrínseca e ‘natural’ relação entre as nações latinas em seu todo. Proposição essa que se encaixa como instrumento mítico-simbólico de inte-gração através de um passado idealizado, muitas vezes, fictício como uma miragem. more...
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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24. Latin American history as recounted by Italians at the time of fascism
- Author
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Carla Brandalise
- Subjects
Nationalism ,Fascism ,History ,Fascismo ,Nacionalismo ,Narrativa histórica ,América Latina ,Political uses of the past - Abstract
Através de uma perspectiva epistemológica e metodológica específica, os usos políticos do passado, este artigo visa analisar a particular narrativa histórica que a Itália produz na época do fascismo a propósito de sua ligação com a América Latina, em especial, nos anos de 1920. É nesta década que o interesse pelo subcontinente sul-americano aparece com especial força, em meio a uma perspectiva de elevação de prestígio, de disputa de mercados econômicos e anseios de presença da ‘nova’ Itália na região. Aproveitando, inclusive, a produção italiana do passado liberal e de finais do século XIX, faz-se uma reelaborarão e uma recontextualização discursiva na forma de um elenco cognitivo da intrínseca e ‘natural’ relação entre as nações latinas em seu todo. Proposição essa que se encaixa como instrumento mítico-simbólico de integração através de um passado idealizado, muitas vezes, fictício como uma miragem. Through a specific epistemological and methodological perspective, the political uses of the past, this paper aims to analyze the particular historic narrative which Italy produces at the time of fascism, with regard to its link to Latin America, particularly during the 1920’s. It’s during this decade that he interest for the south-american subcontinent makes itself particularly noticeable, amid a perspective of an increase in prestige, of the dispute for new economic markets and expectations of presence of the ‘new’ Italy in the region. Taking advantage, also, of Italian production from the liberal past and from the end of the XIX century, this paper aims at a discourse reworking and recontextualization in the form of a cognitive index of the intrinsic and ‘natural’ relationship between the Latin American nations as a whole, a proposition which fits as a mythic- symbolic of integration through an idealized past, which is often as fictitious as a mirage. more...
- Published
- 2012
25. Historiens militants ou historiens de bureau ? Les producteurs du récit historique officiel à l'Institut de la mémoire nationale
- Author
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valentin behr, Groupe de sociologie politique européenne, Politique, Religion, Institutions et Sociétés : Mutations Européennes - Groupe de Sociologie Politique Européenne (PRISME-GSPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Behr, Valentin more...
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060101 anthropology ,usages politiques du passé ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Pologne ,06 humanities and the arts ,Art ,16. Peace & justice ,Institut de la mémoire nationale ,sociologie des historiens ,[SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,political uses of the past ,0502 economics and business ,Political Science and International Relations ,sociology of historians ,0601 history and archaeology ,Poland ,050207 economics ,Humanities ,[SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,Finance ,media_common ,Polish Institute of National Remembrance - Abstract
A sociological approach is made to examine the social and political features of the historians of the Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) in Poland and the ways of writing the historical narrative at the Institute. The study brings to light the institutional constraints which seriously restrict the scientific autonomy of the researchers, as the research plan is decided by the head of the Institute. Even if the election of the head of the IPN testifies of its political dependency, this study leads us to reconsider the role of historians as producers of the official historical narrative., L'approche sociologique permet d'analyser les propriétés sociopolitiques des historiens de l'Institut de la mémoire nationale (IPN) en Pologne, ainsi que les logiques de l'écriture du récit historique au sein de l'Institut. L'étude révèle que le cadre institutionnel et ses contraintes limitent considérablement l'autonomie scientifique des chercheurs, dans la mesure où la direction de l'IPN détermine le plan de recherche. Si l'élection de la direction constitue un moment clé de dépendance politique, cette étude invite à reconsidérer le rôle des historiens en tant que producteurs du récit historique officiel. more...
- Published
- 2011
26. 'You catch me alive, I escape dead: ' the commemoration of the death of students in the resistance against the military regime
- Author
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Angélica Müller
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,political uses of the past ,History ,Sociology and Political Science ,uso político do passado ,Geography, Planning and Development ,ditadura militar ,lcsh:History (General) ,student movement ,lcsh:D1-2009 ,movimento estudantil ,military dictatorship - Abstract
O artigo apresenta uma análise dos 'usos políticos do passado' feitos pelos militantes do movimento estudantil na década de 1970 no intuito de reforçar a identidade associativa e legitimar a resistência contra a ditadura militar. A instrumentalização do passado se fez a partir da ênfase no martírio de estudantes vítimas da repressão: a morte de Alexandre Vannucchi Leme (aluno da Geologia da USP e militante da ALN) pelos agentes do Exército em 1973, e o 'desaparecimento' de Honestino Guimarães (último presidente da UNE na clandestinidade). Nesse culto às vítimas da ditadura, também se relembra a morte do estudante secundarista Edson Luís, baleado por policiais durante uma manifestação de rua, em 1968. This paper presents an analysis of 'political uses of the past' made by activists from the student movement in the 1970s in order to strengthen associative identity and legitimate resistance to the military dictatorship. The instrumentalization of the past was made through an emphasis on the martyrdom of student victims of repression: the death of Alexandre Vannucchi Leme (a geology student in USP and ALN militant) by army agents in 1973 and the 'disappearance' of Honestino Guimarães (last underground president of UNE). In the cult of victims of the dictatorship also remembered is the death of Edson Luis, a secondary school student shot by the police during a street demonstration in 1968. more...
- Published
- 2011
27. The International Committee of the Red Cross and the Independent State of Croatia
- Author
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Kevo, Mario
- Subjects
Second World War ,International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) ,Independent State of Croatia ,Croatian Historiography ,Political Uses of the Past ,Historical Controversies ,Concentration Camp of Jasenovac ,War Victims and War Casualties - Abstract
Predavanje o nekim kontroverzama iz hrvatske prošlosti, osobito tema iz Drugog svjetskog rata, koje su imale veoma široku političku, ali i gotovo svakodnevnu upotrebu u vremenu po njegovom završetku. more...
- Published
- 2008
28. Un passé national pour le « bolsonarismo » : les usages politiques de l'indépendance dans le Brésil contemporain
- Author
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Fernando Nicolazzi
- Subjects
political uses of the past ,Brazilian independence ,bolsonarism ,Latin America. Spanish America ,F1201-3799 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
In this article, I analyze the uses of the past in contemporary Brazil, taking as a case study how the history of Brazilian independence (1822) is manipulated by extreme right sectors that configure the political ideology of "bolsonarismo". One of these sectors is represented here by Brasil Paralelo, an audiovisual producer company that acts in the context of the so-called "culture wars" in Brazilian society. I argue that this way of using the past functions as a political mythology that seeks to manipulate and moralize history. more...
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29. Burke's Vehemence and the Rhetoric of Historical Exaggeration
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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