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Biodiversity is confronted globally by multiple stressors. Environmental policies must regulate these stressors to achieve targets, but how should that be done when the outcomes of limits on one stressor are contingent on other stressors, about which there is imperfect knowledge? Deriving regulatory frameworks that incorporate these contingencies is an emerging challenge at the science–policy interface. To be fit for implementation, these frameworks need to facilitate the inherently sociopolitical process of policy implementation and account transparently for uncertainty, such that practitioners and other stakeholders can more realistically anticipate the range of potential outcomes to policy. We developed an approach to quantify stressor limits that explicitly accounts for multistressor contingencies. Using an invertebrate data set collected over 30 years throughout New Zealand, we combined ecological and ecotoxicological models to predict biodiversity loss as a function of one stressor, treating multistressor contingencies as a form of uncertainty about the outcomes of limits on that stressor. We transparently accounted for that uncertainty by presenting regulatory limits as bands bounded between optimistic and pessimistic views that practitioners may have about the local context within which limits are applied. In addition to transparently accounting for uncertainties, our framework also leaves room for practitioners to build stakeholder consensus when refining limits to suit different local contexts. A criticism of this open, transparent approach is that it creates too much scope for choosing limits that are lenient on polluters, paralyzing on‐the‐ground management of multiple stressors, but we demonstrate that this is not necessarily the case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Many nations are struggling to reduce deforestation, despite having extensive environmental protection laws in place and commitments to international agreements that address the biodiversity and climate crises. We developed a novel framework to quantify the extent to which contemporary deforestation is being captured under national and subnational laws. We then applied this framework to northern Australia as a case study, a development and deforestation hotspot with ecosystems of global significance. First, deforestation may be compliant under all relevant legislation, either through assessment and approval or because of exemptions in the legislation. Second, deforestation may be compliant under at least one relevant law, but not all. Third, there may be no evidence of deforestation assessment or exemption from assessment, despite their apparent requirement, which could mean the deforestation is potentially noncompliant. Finally, deforestation may occur in an area or under circumstances that are beyond the intended scope of any relevant legislation. All deforestation that we analyzed was hypothetically covered by one or more laws. However, 65% of deforestation was potentially noncompliant with at least one law. Because multiple laws could be relevant to a given clearing event, the majority of clearing was still compliant with at least one law, but of these events, only a small proportion was explicitly approved (19%). The remaining were permitted under various exemptions. Of all the legislation we analyzed, most of the exempt clearing occurred under one subnational law and most potentially noncompliant clearing occurred under one national law. Our results showed that even a nation with a suite of mature environmental protection laws is falling well short of achieving international commitments regarding deforestation. Our framework can be used to pinpoint the pathways of policy change required for nations to align local laws with these international accords. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amid a global infrastructure boom, there is increasing recognition of the ecological impacts of the extraction and consumption of construction minerals, mainly processed as concrete, including significant and expanding threats to global biodiversity. We investigated how high‐level national and international biodiversity conservation policies address mining threats, with a special focus on construction minerals. We conducted a review and quantified the degree to which threats from mining these minerals are addressed in biodiversity goals and targets under the 2011–2020 and post‐2020 biodiversity strategies, national biodiversity strategies and action plans, and the assessments of the Intergovernmental Science–Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Mining appeared rarely in national targets but more frequently in national strategies. Yet, in most countries, it was superficially addressed. Coverage of aggregates mining was greater than coverage of limestone mining. We outline 8 key components, tailored for a wide range of actors, to effectively mainstream biodiversity conservation into the extractive, infrastructure, and construction sectors. Actions include improving reporting and monitoring systems, enhancing the evidence base around mining impacts on biodiversity, and modifying the behavior of financial agents and businesses. Implementing these measures could pave the way for a more sustainable approach to construction mineral use and safeguard biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O artigo tem como objetivos analisar as continuidades e rupturas entre os governos Lula, Dilma, Temer e Bolsonaro com relação à política ambiental. Trata-se de um estudo de caso. A pesquisa aponta que a flexibilização da legislação, em um sentido regressivo, constitui um elemento de continuidade entre esses governos. Ao mesmo tempo, observam-se diferenças significativas. A despeito dos retrocessos promovidos na legislação, parte-se da hipótese segundo a qual a relação dos governos petistas com a sociedade civil e a participação desta em instituições estatais como o CONAMA possibilitaram alguns avanços. Os governos petistas promoveram – no seu conjunto – o aumento no orçamento das agências ambientais e promoveram concursos públicos. Já o projeto defendido por Temer em A Ponte Para o Futuro previa uma agenda de desregulamentação do processo de licenciamento ambiental. Bolsonaro vai além e propõe uma “desnormatização”, i.e., sustenta que o desenvolvimento só pode ser alcançado a partir do desmonte de todo o arcabouço legislativo e burocrático de proteção ambiental.

O governo do ex-presidente Jair Messias Bolsonaro foi marcado pelo cerceamento das políticas ambientais e participativas. O desmonte dessas políticas se relacionam, visto que a proteção da natureza no Brasil perpassa pela manutenção da sociodiversidade. Muitos grupos sociais mantêm suas formas de vida associadas diretamente ao usufruto da natureza, como os agricultores familiares. Contudo, a participação desses grupos nas políticas públicas foi minada com a publicação do Decreto n. 9759/2019, que extinguiu e limitou uma série de colegiados federais. A revogação do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (CONDRAF), responsável pelo fomento da reforma agrária e da agricultura familiar, é um exemplo da política de coibição da participação desses grupos na gestão das políticas públicas. O objetivo do trabalho é entender a evolução do desenho institucional do CONDRAF e estabelecer relações entre o discurso e a prática bolsonarista em benefício das classes dominantes do patronato rural.

El artículo revisa la política ambiental actual en relación con la situación de los bosques en el Perú. Se enlaza la situación actual con una revisión de la historia ambiental reciente y los enfoques de la conservación de los bosques en el Perú para, finalmente, orientar la discusión hacia las perspectivas y posibles soluciones para la conservación de los bosques.

Este estudio se enfoca en comprender la urgencia de abordar el ecocidio en México, un delito planetario emergente. Empleando el método analítico-sintético y la técnica de investigación documental, se examina la tipificación del ecocidio en la legislación mexicana. El objetivo primordial es evaluar la eficacia de las medidas existentes y revelar las complejidades de la regulación a nivel federal. El análisis insta a la reflexión crítica y propone vías para abordar el ecocidio, destacando la necesidad apremiante de preservar el patrimonio natural de México.

Do presidential climate change narratives increase related congressional attention in the United States? Narrative theory says since narratives leverage cognitive heuristics, they should focus policy‐making attention in institutions more efficiently than non‐narrative statements. This study identifies and tests climate change statements and narratives, including those focused on solutions, or "stories of hope," and those focused on problems and victims, "stories of fear," for relationships with congressional attention using time series analysis. Findings suggest a relationship between narrative and hearings, but not for non‐narrative statements and hearings. Furthermore, while narratives are related to hearings generally, stories of fear have larger effects, but only in conditions of single party control of the US Presidency and Congress. This analysis supports theory about narratives and institutional influence and offers the additional concept of stories of fear and hope as impactful on political institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protected and conserved areas (PCAs) are key ecosystem management tools for conserving biodiversity and sustaining ecosystem services and social cobenefits. As countries adopt a 30% target for protection of land and sea under the Global Biodiversity Framework of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, a critical question emerging is, which 30%? A risk‐based answer to this question is that the 30% that returns the greatest reductions in risks of species extinction and ecosystem collapse should be protected. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List protocols provide practical methods for assessing these risks. All species, including humans, depend on the integrity of ecosystems for their well‐being and survival. Africa is strategically important for ecosystem management due to convergence of high ecosystem diversity, intense pressures, and high levels of human dependency on nature. We reviewed the outcomes (e.g., applications of ecosystem red‐list assessments to protected‐area design, conservation planning, and management) of a symposium at the inaugural African Protected Areas Congress convened to discuss roles of the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems in the design and management of PCAs. Recent progress was made in ecosystem assessment, with 920 ecosystem types assessed against the IUCN Red List criteria across 21 countries. Although these ecosystems spanned a diversity of environments across the continent, the greatest thematic gaps were for freshwater, marine, and subterranean realms, and large geographic gaps existed in North Africa and parts of West and East Africa. Assessment projects were implemented by a diverse community of government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and researchers. The assessments have influenced policy and management by informing extensions to and management of formal protected area networks supporting decision‐making for sustainable development, and informing ecosystem conservation and threat abatement within boundaries of PCAs and in surrounding landscapes and seascapes. We recommend further integration of risk assessments in environmental policy and enhanced investment in ecosystem red‐list assessment to fill current gaps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Amazonia Investiga is the property of PRIMMATE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O presente trabalho pretende identificar potencialidades e fragilidades na gestão ambiental dos municípios da Chapada Diamantina, na Bahia, para a implementação do instrumento de Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA) como política pública de desenvolvimento local e regional. Especificamente, objetiva-se identificar a existência de iniciativas ou articulações para a formulação e/ou implementação do PSA na região, caracterizar os principais aspectos e desafios vivenciados por esses municípios no tocante à gestão ambiental e analisar as fortalezas, fraquezas, oportunidades e ameaças relacionadas ao PSA, a fim de discutir estratégias para a sua promoção. Quanto à metodologia, foram empregados os procedimentos de pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa documental. As técnicas de análise de conteúdo e análise SWOT foram utilizadas para a interpretação dos resultados. Verifica-se que a implementação da política de PSA na Chapada Diamantina representa um grande desafio para a gestão ambiental, tendo em vista as dificuldades institucionais e as fortes restrições financeiras enfrentadas pelos municípios, apesar das potencialidades ambientais constatadas. Assim, para promover a difusão do PSA na região, sugerem-se ações coordenadas entre as esferas governamentais e os diversos atores políticos e sociais envolvidos, bem como a integração entre políticas ambientais, considerando a complexidade do cenário de implementação da política pública em questão.

El presente trabajo, como estudio de caso, expone problemáticas situadas de carácter hídrico en la localidad Kilómetro 30, ubicada en la zona rural del municipio de Acapulco, Guerrero, México. Más que pretender proponer soluciones a partir de agendas ambientales estandarizadas internacionales, este documento resalta las relaciones de poder y formas de gobierno que emergen ante escenarios críticos de abastecimiento de agua, así como la asimetría en la gobernanza de dicho recurso. Se tiene como objetivo analizar las prácticas de gestión de agua para uso doméstico bajo la óptica de un enfoque sociocultural de las relaciones sociedad-Estado Para ello, se emplea metodología cualitativa, que involucra al mismo tiempo observaciones de tipo etnográfico y entrevistas a profundidad que siguen el modelo de mapeo de actores involucrados en políticas ambientales: actores institucionalizados estatales, institucionalizados no estatales y no institucionalizados. Se concluye que las prácticas como acciones, discursos, reglas y recursos que se ponen en juego en el marco de relaciones históricas de violencia política y social se encuentran en el punto marginal entre lo legal y lo ilegal, moviéndose libremente entre ambas dimensiones mientras esto permita la sobrevivencia en condiciones socioambientales hostiles.

The article highlights the webinars on prevention and reuse in circular economy policies, organized by the International Center for Environmental Law Studies (CIEDA) and the Knowledge Exchange Forum on Waste and Circular Economy (FIREC). It addresses the importance of European regulations for the life cycle of packaging, with the aim of promoting an efficient internal market and reducing environmental impact. Expert conferences on topics such as eco-design, repair, and waste management are presented, with the participation of institutions such as the University of Santiago de Compostela and the University of Navarra. [Extracted from the article]

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de discutir o Código Florestal Brasileiro, no que tange a previsão de áreas consolidadas, sob o aspecto ambiental e socioeconômico. Para isso, analisa-se a Lei Federal n°14.119/2021, que instituiu os pagamentos por serviços ambientais (PSA) e sua aplicação na recuperação das áreas consolidadas, em áreas de preservação permanente, como meio de mitigar os danos ambientais negativos, ocasionados pela anistia legislativa. A metodologia aplicada é qualitativa, com levantamento de material referencial que trata do assunto. Concluiu-se com o respectivo trabalho, que o Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais, PSA, das áreas consolidadas, em áreas de preservação Permanente, possibilita o desenvolvimento sustentável, na medida em que, há o reconhecimento monetário, ao produtor rural, por serviços prestados de conservação e recuperação de áreas degradadas, possibilitando a sustentabilidade no que tange os Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável da ONU, instituídos em 2015. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biodiversity compensation policies have emerged around the world to address the ecological harms of infrastructure expansion, but historically compliance is weak. The Westminster government is introducing a requirement that new infrastructure developments in England demonstrate they achieve a biodiversity net gain (BNG). We sought to determine the magnitude of the effects of governance gaps and regulator capacity constraints on the policy's potential biodiversity impacts. We collated BNG information from all new major developments across six early‐adopter councils from 2020 to 2022. We quantified the proportion of the biodiversity outcomes promised under BNG at risk of noncompliance, explored the variation in strategies used to meet developers' biodiversity liabilities, and quantified the occurrence of simple errors in the biodiversity metric calculations. For large developments and energy infrastructure, biodiversity liabilities frequently met within the projects' development footprint. For small developments, the purchase of offsets was most common. We estimated that 27% of all biodiversity units fell into governance gaps that exposed them to a high risk of noncompliance because they were associated with better‐condition habitats delivered on‐site that were unlikely to be monitored or enforced. More robust governance mechanisms (e.g., practical mechanisms for monitoring and enforcement) would help ensure the delivery of this biodiversity on‐site. Alternatively, more biodiversity gains could be delivered through off‐site biodiversity offsetting. For the latter case, we estimated that the demand for offsets could rise by a factor of 4; this would substantially increase the financial contributions from developers for conservation activities on private land. Twenty‐one percent of development applications contained a simple recurring error in their BNG calculations. One‐half of these applications were approved by councils, which may indicate under‐resourcing in council development assessments. Our findings demonstrate that resourcing and governance shortfalls risk undermining the policy's effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research analyzes the Twitter network made up of users and their interactions during the Conference of the Parties (COP) COP15 held in Montreal from December 7 to 19, 2022. The main objective is to measure the characteristics of the network and identify the key players in the conversation and the main topics addressed. We also sought to recognize if there was any relationship between the format of the messages and the level of engagement. To carry out the analysis, we used a methodology that combined quantitative and qualitative social network analysis techniques. The results suggest that communication through Twitter was a key factor in the successful mobilization of the environmental movement during COP15 and in raising awareness of the need to take concrete actions to address climate change. Likewise, the highest engagement was generated by mostly critical and urgent messages, focused on the need to take concrete action to address the biodiversity and climate change crisis. This reflects a separation between the activism reflected in the network and the scientific and political leadership present at the Summit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current development model is structured around the intensive exploitation of natural resources, which implies the expansion of extractive activities as a source of capital accumulation. In this sense, and given the centrality of the environment-development binomial, the objective of this paper is to analyze the multiple dimensions (narrative, symbolic, cultural, political, economic, territorial, etc.) involved in the extractivist model. The proposed methodology consists of compiling bibliographic sources and carrying out a referential sampling in order to give a schematic account of the main approaches, points in common and the different ways of approaching the problem from the social sciences, as well as their contributions and limitations. The main findings show the importance of respecting the peculiarities of the case studies and the relevance of researching alternative literatures that allow a better understanding of the phenomena under study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo O ICMS Ecológico é um instrumento de política ambiental implementado em caráter inovador nos anos 1990 e, atualmente, está presente em diversos estados brasileiros. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar de que forma o ICMS Ecológico foi instrumentalizado nos estados brasileiros ao longo do tempo. Para isso, adotou-se como estratégia metodológica a análise de conteúdo das legislações estaduais que versavam sobre o dispositivo. O artigo conclui que, para além da função compensatória que estava inserida em sua concepção original, o referido instrumento adotou uma segunda função no sentido de criar um mecanismo de incentivo para que os municípios adotem ações na área ambiental.

Abstract: Policies that promote environmental justice in Argentina: Community participation in forest protection In light of the historical inequalities that indigenous and peasant communities have suffered, the increasing economic pressure over their territories, and considering the emergency of environmental policies in the region, this paper asks, how the participation of indigenous and peasant communities can contribute to the implementation of policies that seek to promote the environmental justice? I compare the implementation of the Native Forest National Law in two Argentinian provinces (Chaco and Santiago del Estero) between 2008 and 2019. The results show that the implementation of the National Forest Law has been successful in reducing deforestation in Santiago del Estero, where indigenous and peasant communities were more protagonists, than in Chaco, where they have not been considered by the provincial authorities. Resumen Frente a las históricas desigualdades que han sufrido las comunidades indígenas y campesinas, ante el aumento de la presión económica sobre sus territorios desde comienzos del presente siglo y considerando la emergencia de distintas políticas ambientales en la región, este trabajo se pregunta ¿de qué manera la participación de comunidades indígenas y campesinas contribuye en la implementación de políticas (regionales o nacionales) que buscan promover la justicia ambiental? Para dar respuesta a este interrogante, se compara la implementación de la Ley Nacional de Bosques Nativos en dos provincias argentinas (Chaco y Santiago del Estero) entre 2008 y 2019. Los hallazgos muestran que la Ley Nacional de Bosques Nativos tuvo mayor éxito en reducir la deforestación en Santiago del Estero donde las comunidades indígenas y campesinas tuvieron mayor participación en la aplicación de la normativa en comparación con Chaco en donde no fueron contempladas por las autoridades provinciales.

La IV Cumbre de Belém de Pará, Brasil, celebrada en agosto de 2023, reunió a personas líderes de los países integrantes de la Organización del Tratado de Cooperación Amazónica (OTCA), con el fin de discutir una nueva agenda sostenible para la región. La Amazonía fue el centro de atención debido a su importancia mundial como la cuenca hidrográfica más vasta y el bosque tropical más extenso y diverso del planeta. La Cumbre destacó la importancia de fortalecer la OTCA, como el único mecanismo intergubernamental de coordinación para implementar la agenda presidencial acordada. La Declaración de Belém estableció prioridades para una cooperación regional efectiva, incluyendo la sostenibilidad, la preservación ambiental y el desarrollo inclusivo. Los retos por enfrentar incluyen la gestión eficiente de la OTCA, la mejora de la gobernanza y el posicionamiento como un centro de cooperación técnica y política regional e internacional. La implementación exitosa de la agenda acordada requerirá el compromiso de los países amazónicos y la participación activa de todas las partes interesadas, especialmente, los pueblos indígenas y las comunidades locales.

Resumo O projeto da transposição do rio São Francisco é parte do conjunto de políticas de acesso à água no semiárido brasileiro e tem incidido sobre os processos de desterritorialização e vulnerabilização na região. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os processos de vulnerabilização em comunidades camponesas, decorrentes das obras da transposição do rio São Francisco. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, com aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas e realização de oficina com camponeses atingidos pela transposição no município de Sertânia (PE). O enfoque teórico-metodológico foi a matriz da reprodução social. Foram identificados diversos processos de vulnerabilização material e simbólica, além de agravos à saúde, como a destruição de reservatórios de água, poços artesianos, cacimbas e terras férteis, a desterritorialização, a incidência de doenças respiratórias agudas, decorrente das escavações para construção dos canais, e processos relativos à saúde mental, relacionando-se à reprodução social e ao modo de vida. A leitura sistêmica ancorada na autoconsciência e na conduta dos processos de vulnerabilização identificou uma ruptura do modo de vida tradicional e efeitos à saúde física e mental dos habitantes da região. Os efeitos negativos desse processo retroagem sobre as vulnerabilidades históricas nos territórios afetados, produzindo novas fragilidades nessas comunidades.

The article revised the situation of the forest in Peru and the relationship between forest and environmental policy. The recent history of the environmental policy is presented and the diverse conservations approach of the forest in Peru are revised and discus. Finally, the discussion explores the perspective and possible solutions for the forest conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When advocating for policy change, coalitions rely on various elements and strategies of policy narratives, including emotions. However, past research on the Narrative Policy Framework, and more broadly on the policy process, has largely ignored the role of emotions. This paper argues that emotions, such as anger and fear, are central to how coalitions advocate for policy change. It explores the role of anger and fear in policy narratives by examining the oral testimony (n = 474) given over four legislative committee hearings in March 2019 concerning Colorado Senate Bill 19‐181. This bill changed the mission of the Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission to prioritize protecting the environment and public health over oil and gas development. This research finds the coalition that successfully supported the bill used anger towards the oil and gas industry, while those that opposed the bill relied more on fear of the uncertain consequences of the bill. It also finds the coalition that opposed the bill relied on self‐characterization as heroes and victims, which was a failed strategy. The implications for this research on the Narrative Policy Framework and, more broadly, for the policy process and advocacy are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In September 2020, Xi Jinping announced China's commitment to reaching maximum carbon emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. This work aims to analyze the objectives and scope of these announcements, focusing not only on China's intention to present itself as a global leader in environmental matters, but also as a spokesperson for emerging and developing countries. At the same time, this announcement will be framed as the continuity of a state policy on environmental matters carried out since the 1990s, in line with the rise of China's international prominence. To do this, official documents and sources will be used, and it will be contrasted with the literature on the subject. Finally, it is proposed that the announced objective can be achieved, but under certain specific conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Uruguaya de Ciencia Política is the property of Instituto de Ciencia Politica (Universidad de la Republica de Uruguay) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Uruguaya de Ciencia Política is the property of Instituto de Ciencia Politica (Universidad de la Republica de Uruguay) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Saúde e Sociedade is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Saude Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Direito GV is the property of Fundacao Getulio Vargas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista CEA is the property of Revista CEA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This document is a compilation of various academic articles and research papers related to sustainability reporting, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and environmental governance. The articles cover topics such as the influence of governance structure and strategic CSR on sustainability reporting quality, the impact of CSR on firm performance, and the factors influencing voluntary sustainability reporting. The document also includes studies on the role of environmental policy in influencing governance and sustainability practices among Nigerian quoted companies. Overall, the articles provide valuable insights into the motivations, challenges, and prospects of sustainability reporting in different contexts. [Extracted from the article]

El Pago por Servicios Ecosistémicos Hidrológicos – PSEH se difunde como un mecanismo de mercado en el que dos partes se ponen de acuerdo voluntariamente, una para reconocer la provisión de un servicio ecosistémico y pagar por éste, y la otra para recibir el pago comprometiéndose a conservar la provisión de dicho servicio. Se sostiene que los PSEH son efectivos en ayudar a conservar la cobertura de bosques en las cuencas altas, lo que garantizaría el servicio ecosistémico de aumentar la disponibilidad de agua y de reducir la carga de sedimentos en el agua, en las cuencas bajas. Sin embargo, en primer lugar, las evaluaciones de su aplicación en el Perú no sustentan que los beneficios ofrecidos se obtengan realmente, ya que no se ha realizado un monitoreo adecuado de los resultados. En segundo lugar, los casos de Perú evidencian que el PSEH no es un mecanismo de mercado, como se pretende sostener conceptualmente, y en la práctica requiere intenso apoyo desde el Estado. Adicionalmente, se observa que las recaudaciones no son significativas como para incentivar el cambio de conductas necesario. Por el contrario, se trata de un mecanismo cuya implementación es muy costosa y no se ha realizado una evaluación costo-beneficio para verificar que los costos incurridos se justifican realmente por los beneficios logrados.

Objetivo: analizar políticas sobre ecoturismo en Colombia como oportunidad de inclusión laboral en el posacuerdo con las FARC-EP, cuyo alcance consistió en identificar las políticas públicas para el impulso del ecoturismo y su aporte para la inserción laboral de víctimas del conflicto armado colombiano. Diseño/metodología: tuvo carácter descriptivo y analítico, tipo mixto. Los métodos empleados fueron: recolección de datos o heurístico y hermenéutico. Las fases se desarrollaron en tres etapas: indagación, a documentos de política ecoturística; heurística, organización de datos para solución de interrogantes; analítica e interpretativa, de definiciones, tendencias, relaciones y propuesta de políticas. Resultados: se encontró que en el marco legal-conceptual de las políticas no hubo transformación de fondo de su quehacer para implementar el enfoque de sustentabilidad fuerte ni la pluralidad. Las oportunidades de inclusión laboral no están explícitas. La propuesta de política sobre ecoturismo comunitario radicó en: formulación de políticas básicas de desarrollo productivo, valoración e implementación de procesos de incorporación a la vida civil desde la visión de los mismos actores; valoración y estímulo para alianzas y promoción de relaciones entre diferentes agentes sociales del territorio y su participación en toma de decisiones: atención primordial a la seguridad; priorización de inversión en infraestructura; asignación de capital semilla para emprendimiento; apoyo tributario y diferencial para comunidades; formación; mejoramiento de la conectividad digital; y fomento de la investigación. Conclusiones: el ecoturismo integra las dimensiones: cultural, ambiental y productiva. Las tendencias se fundamentan en la participación de la comunidad y la sustentabilidad. Con relación a la inclusión laboral, no son explícitos los mecanismos que posibiliten su materialización. Originalidad: el estudio explora la pertinencia e integración de las políticas públicas del Estado colombiano en relación con la paz, las comunidades y el ecoturismo.

Desde la época en que emerge la problemática ambiental contemporánea, esta ha devenido en objeto de análisis e intervención tanto para la ecología (área de la biología) como para distintos organismos intergubernamentales de alcance mundial. En ambos ámbitos se han desarrollado una serie de marcos conceptuales dirigidos al abordaje de los cambios ecológicos, es decir, aquellas alteraciones que recaen sobre unidades que son objeto de estudio de la ecología. El objetivo de este trabajo es clarificar y contrastar los modos en que la ecología del disturbio (un reciente campo dentro de la ecología) y diferentes organismos intergubernamentales conceptualizan y abordan el cambio ecológico. Para ello, efectuamos una comparación analítica entre el concepto de ‘disturbio’ de la ecología y la noción de ‘driver’ proveniente de los organismos intergubernamentales. En la comparación, observamos que dichos conceptos buscan explicar procesos similares de cambio ecológico bajo una misma lógica causal, aunque manifiestan importantes diferencias en el tratamiento de las condiciones iniciales que permiten estudiarlos. Concluimos que la noción de ‘driver’ supone un empobrecimiento epistemológico en relación con el concepto de ‘disturbio’. Finalmente discutimos algunas implicancias de este problema epistemológico, dado que es la noción empobrecida de ‘driver’ la que se impone en el contexto internacional a la hora de explicar un cambio ecológico, materializándose en lineamientos reconocidos por naciones de todo el mundo que trasladan dicho empobrecimiento al terreno de las políticas públicas. Urge revisar en qué medida estamos contribuyendo a la construcción y reproducción de una problemática ambiental empobrecida epistemológicamente.

Os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) abrangem diversas questões socioambientais e são aplicáveis a todos os países. O ODS 15, Vida Terrestre, visa proteger os ecossistemas terrestres, conservar a biodiversidade e reduzir a perda de biodiversidade, e o estado do Paraná é um dos estados com uma das maiores proporções de área de remanescentes florestais do Brasil e conta com uma política de preservação ambiental. Em vista disso, o estudo tem como objetivo analisar a eficiência dos municípios paranaenses no atendimento ao Objetivo do Desenvolvimento Sustentável 15 - Proteger a vida terrestre. Para isso, foi utilizada a abordagem da Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA – Data Envelopment Analysis), tendo como input o Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços Ecológico (ICMS Ecológico) e como output o percentual de áreas florestais dos municípios. Os resultados apontaram que os municípios Campo do Tenente, Céu Azul, Guaratuba, Imbituva, Ipiranga, Mirador, Morretes e Teixeira Soares foram eficientes, tendo como característica principal, a presença de parques ecológicos. Por outro lado, foi observado que as regiões mais industrializadas e urbanas concentraram mais municípios com ineficiência forte. Além disso, os municípios Piraquara, Pinhais, Campo Magro e Quatro Barras apresentaram os maiores excessos no recebimento de recursos do ICMS Ecológico. Enquanto os municípios de Pinhais, Curitiba, São Jorge do Patrocínio, Altônia, São Pedro do Paraná e Quatiguá apresentaram as maiores necessidades relativas de aumentar as áreas remanescentes florestais.

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lex Humana is the property of Lex Humana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Environmental strategies in tourism reduce the negative impact of this sector while seeking to achieve positive effects on its competitiveness and differentiation. However, there is still a research gap in the academic literature on the connection between eco-certifications and the prices that clients are willing to pay for this type of service. This paper analyzes guests' willingness to pay for rooms in environmentally friendly hotels in Mexico. The study focuses on three of the states with the largest number of hotel establishments in the country: Quintana Roo, Veracruz, and Jalisco. The differences among the states regarding the willingness of the guests to pay for hotels with eco-certification were evaluated by taking into account the category of the establishment. Hedonic price models were used to evaluate the effect of both eco-certification and different hotel attributes on the price of a room. Information regarding prices was obtained from the Trivago database, and the equations were estimated by taking into account data panel techniques. The results show a significant effect on the willingness to pay for hotels with eco-certifications, with differences among states and categories. The limitation of this research is the time of data collection and the place of application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bitácora Urbano/Territorial is the property of Bitacora Urbano/Territorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Políticas Públicas is the property of Revista Brasileira de Politicas Publicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this article is to establish recommendations for public policy to enhance the National Marine Waste Plan 2021-2030 in Costa Rica. The methodology employed in this research was a combination of expert consultation and discussion, as well as the analysis of secondary information. The findings of the research identified advances, omissions and challenges facing marine solid waste management mentioned, as well as providing possible options for public policy. The research concludes that it is necessary to create the necessary conditions to enhance its implementation considering aspects of measurement, articulation, circular and innovative models, directionality, and opportunities for marine waste management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Policy conflicts are ubiquitous in many countries. Yet research on policy conflict is typically based on cases in western, democratic countries. As a result, little is known about the characteristics of policy conflicts in non‐western countries, such as China, or how these characteristics compare to western contexts. The Policy Conflict Framework (PCF) was recently developed to help scholars identify, diagnose, and compare policy conflict characteristics. This research uses the PCF to guide a comparative analysis of the nature of policy conflicts in China and the United States. With interview data on policy actors from Chongqing, China and Colorado, USA, we present the findings by comparing the differences and similarities of policy conflicts in the two countries around shale oil and gas development. We conclude with the strengths and limitations of this comparative study of policy conflicts in China and other national contexts, along with recommendations for conducting PCF research in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the state and community efforts to face both environmental problems and health effects in the country through two different strategies: 1) the Environmental Emergency Regions (REA) and 2) the Tayolchikawalis strategy (ET) of the Regional Agricultural Cooperative Society "Tosepan Titataniske" (Tosepan Titataniske Society (STT)). Methodology: A case analysis was carried out based on the physical review of the social and environmental situation in the territory, as well as the verification of the collective efforts to face the environmental problems that affected them. Results: It was observed that community processes are oriented towards solidarity development with collective participation, while REAs are projects focused on environmental recovery objectives with more limited social participation. Limitations: The main and most important difficulty in carrying out this work were the risks due to the health crisis that hindered some of the visits, interviews, and consultations. Conclusion: Both social efforts and the interest of the State manifest positive effects for territorial environmental recovery, but the social fabric can only be reestablished when the importance of collective participation in the planning and development of these projects is recognized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This policy paper uses the Eightfold Path method developed by Bardach and Patashnik to study the problem that is the lack of Maghrebian trans‐boundary cooperation on the environment. It argues that political conflict has been allowed to obstruct a field that should remain nonpolitical. The paper concludes with policy recommendations intended to generate debate among decision makers and lead to more effective water management policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is the European Union's main instrument for agricultural planning, with a new reform approved for 2023–2027. The CAP intends to align with the European Green Deal (EGD), a set of policy initiatives underpinning sustainable development and climate neutrality in the European Union (EU), but several flaws cast doubts about the compatibility of the objectives of these 2 policies. We reviewed recent literature on the potential of CAP environmental objectives for integration with the EGD: protection of biodiversity, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and sustainable management of natural resources. The CAP lacks appropriate planning measures, furthering instead risks to biodiversity and ecosystem services driven by landscape and biotic homogenization. Funding allocation mechanisms are not tailored to mitigate agricultural emissions, decreasing the efficiency of climate mitigation actions. The legislation subsidies farmers making extensive use of synthetic inputs without adequately supporting organic production, hindering the transition toward sustainable practices. We recommend proper control mechanisms be introduced in CAP Strategic Plans from each member state to ensure the EU is set on a sustainable production and consumption path. These include proportional assignment of funds to each CAP objective, quantitative targets to set goals and evidence‐based interventions, and relevant indicators to facilitate effective monitoring of environmental performance. Both the CAP and the EGD should maintain ambitious environmental commitments in the face of crisis to avoid further degradation of the natural resources on which production systems stand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]