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4 results on '"plant resource economics"'

1. Root traits of herbaceous crops: Pre‐adaptation to cultivation or evolution under domestication?

Author

Martín‐Robles, Nieves, Morente‐López, Javier, Freschet, Grégoire T., Poorter, Hendrik, Roumet, Catherine, Milla, Rubén, and Tjoelker, Mark

Subjects
*HERBACEOUS plants, *DOMESTICATION of plants, *BREEDING, *PLANT selection, *HABITATS
Abstract

Agricultural fields are commonly characterized by high nutrient and water availabilities, which are favourable for plant growth. Such conditions might promote the evolution of resource‐acquisitive strategies. We asked whether crop plants show root traits typical of resource‐acquisitive strategies and whether this strategy is primarily a result of their evolution under domestication or of the early selection of successful candidates for domestication.We studied a set of 30 crop species and their wild progenitors. We set up a greenhouse experiment to measure five root traits: root thickness, root tissue density, specific root length (SRL), root mass fraction (RMF) and root length ratio. In addition, we compiled data from other wild herbaceous species, growth in similar conditions to this experiment, to place the root traits of our crops in the context of wider botanical variation.Wild progenitors had thicker and less dense roots, with higher RMF and lower SRL, than other wild herbs. Thicker and less dense roots are indicative of fertile soils, which suggest that wild progenitors could have been adapted for success in agricultural conditions. Additionally, we found that domestication generally increased total plant dry mass, but none of the root traits evolved consistently towards a more resource‐acquisitive strategy after domestication across all species. Root trait values differed between progenitors and crop species for most pairs surveyed, but this occurred in diverse directions depending on crop species. Such differences were independent of phylogeny, functional group or variability in the domestication processes, such as timing of the domestication event or organ under focal artificial selection.Our comparative study revealed that the root phenotype exhibited by wild progenitors (thick roots with low density and SRL), when compared with other wild herbs, was in accordance with plants typical of fertile habitats. However, none of the root traits reacted to domestication in accordance with evolution towards faster growth strategies. Thus, the adaptation of crop root phenotypes to the fertile conditions of agricultural fields might be largely determined by early choices of wild species, rather than by further evolution under domestication. A plain language summary is available for this article. Plain Language Summary [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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2. Climate, soil and plant functional types as drivers of global fine-root trait variation.

Author

Freschet, Grégoire T., Valverde‐Barrantes, Oscar J., Tucker, Caroline M., Craine, Joseph M., McCormack, M. Luke, Violle, Cyrille, Fort, Florian, Blackwood, Christopher B., Urban‐Mead, Katherine R., Iversen, Colleen M., Bonis, Anne, Comas, Louise H., Cornelissen, Johannes H. C., Dong, Ming, Guo, Dali, Hobbie, Sarah E., Holdaway, Robert J., Kembel, Steven W., Makita, Naoki, and Onipchenko, Vladimir G.

Subjects
*PLANT roots, *SOIL fertility, *CLIMATOLOGY, *PHYLOGENY, *RAINFALL
Abstract

Ecosystem functioning relies heavily on below-ground processes, which are largely regulated by plant fine-roots and their functional traits. However, our knowledge of fine-root trait distribution relies to date on local- and regional-scale studies with limited numbers of species, growth forms and environmental variation., We compiled a world-wide fine-root trait dataset, featuring 1115 species from contrasting climatic areas, phylogeny and growth forms to test a series of hypotheses pertaining to the influence of plant functional types, soil and climate variables, and the degree of manipulation of plant growing conditions on species fine-root trait variation. Most particularly, we tested the competing hypotheses that fine-root traits typical of faster return on investment would be most strongly associated with conditions of limiting versus favourable soil resource availability. We accounted for both data source and species phylogenetic relatedness., We demonstrate that: (i) Climate conditions promoting soil fertility relate negatively to fine-root traits favouring fast soil resource acquisition, with a particularly strong positive effect of temperature on fine-root diameter and negative effect on specific root length ( SRL), and a negative effect of rainfall on root nitrogen concentration; (ii) Soil bulk density strongly influences species fine-root morphology, by favouring thicker, denser fine-roots; (iii) Fine-roots from herbaceous species are on average finer and have higher SRL than those of woody species, and N2-fixing capacity positively relates to root nitrogen; and (iv) Plants growing in pots have higher SRL than those grown in the field., Synthesis. This study reveals both the large variation in fine-root traits encountered globally and the relevance of several key plant functional types and soil and climate variables for explaining a substantial part of this variation. Climate, particularly temperature, and plant functional types were the two strongest predictors of fine-root trait variation. High trait variation occurred at local scales, suggesting that wide-ranging below-ground resource economics strategies are viable within most climatic areas and soil conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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3. Root traits of herbaceous crops: Pre‐adaptation to cultivation or evolution under domestication?

Author

Grégoire T. Freschet, Javier Morente-López, Nieves Martín-Robles, Rubén Milla, Catherine Roumet, Hendrik Poorter, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Context (language use), Biology, root economics spectrum, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Crop, domestication, Nutrient, specific root length, ddc:570, functional traits, Domestication, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 2. Zero hunger, Crop progenitors, plant resource economics, business.industry, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, 15. Life on land, Herbaceous plant, Agronomy, Habitat, Agriculture, root tissue density, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Adaptation, business, origins of agriculture, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Agricultural fields are commonly characterized by high nutrient and water availabilities, which are favourable for plant growth. Such conditions might promote the evolution of resource‐acquisitive strategies. We asked whether crop plants show root traits typical of resource‐acquisitive strategies and whether this strategy is primarily a result of their evolution under domestication or of the early selection of successful candidates for domestication.We studied a set of 30 crop species and their wild progenitors. We set up a greenhouse experiment to measure five root traits: root thickness, root tissue density, specific root length (SRL), root mass fraction (RMF) and root length ratio. In addition, we compiled data from other wild herbaceous species, growth in similar conditions to this experiment, to place the root traits of our crops in the context of wider botanical variation.Wild progenitors had thicker and less dense roots, with higher RMF and lower SRL, than other wild herbs. Thicker and less dense roots are indicative of fertile soils, which suggest that wild progenitors could have been adapted for success in agricultural conditions. Additionally, we found that domestication generally increased total plant dry mass, but none of the root traits evolved consistently towards a more resource‐acquisitive strategy after domestication across all species. Root trait values differed between progenitors and crop species for most pairs surveyed, but this occurred in diverse directions depending on crop species. Such differences were independent of phylogeny, functional group or variability in the domestication processes, such as timing of the domestication event or organ under focal artificial selection.Our comparative study revealed that the root phenotype exhibited by wild progenitors (thick roots with low density and SRL), when compared with other wild herbs, was in accordance with plants typical of fertile habitats. However, none of the root traits reacted to domestication in accordance with evolution towards faster growth strategies. Thus, the adaptation of crop root phenotypes to the fertile conditions of agricultural fields might be largely determined by early choices of wild species, rather than by further evolution under domestication.

Published
2019
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4. Climate, soil and plant functional types as drivers of global fine-root trait variation

Author

Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Stuart W. Smith, Ming Dong, Oscar J. Valverde-Barrantes, Steven W. Kembel, Peter B. Reich, Joseph M. Craine, Catherine Picon-Cochard, Louise H. Comas, Enrique G. de la Riva, Naoki Makita, Katherine R. Urban-Mead, Catherine Roumet, Florian Fort, Colleen M. Iversen, Anne Bonis, Dali Guo, Christopher B. Blackwood, Cyrille Violle, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, David A. Wardle, Sarah E. Hobbie, Mark G. Tjoelker, Robert J. Holdaway, M. Luke McCormack, Caroline M. Tucker, Grégoire T. Freschet, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Minnesota System, AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Department of Biological Sciences [Kent], Kent State University, Environmental Sciences Division [Oak Ridge], Oak Ridge National Laboratory [Oak Ridge] (ORNL), UT-Battelle, LLC-UT-Battelle, LLC, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Zhangzhou Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany [Beijing] (IB-CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Geobotany, Moscow State University, Moscow State University, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment [Richmond] (HIE), Western Sydney University, Department of Systems Ecology, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), EU's Research Executive Agency, Marie Curie Actions. Grant Number: 657951, European Research Council. Grant Number: ERC-StG-2014-639706-CONSTRAINTS, Biological and Environmental Research program, U.S. Department of Energy's, Office of Science. Grant Number: 14-50-00029, Russian Science Foundation (RNF), European Project: 639706,H2020,ERC-2014-STG,CONSTRAINTS(2015), European Project: 657951,H2020,H2020-MSCA-IF-2014,RareFunctions(2016), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systems Ecology, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Western Sydney University (UWS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Resource (biology), plant growth form, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Climate, Distribution (economics), fine roots, Plant Science, Biology, phylogeny, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Biodiversity and Ecology, functional biogeography, Phylogenetics, Resource Acquisition Is Initialization, functional traits, climate, N2-fixation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Phylogeny, database, 2. Zero hunger, plant resource economics, Ecology, business.industry, root function, soil properties, 15. Life on land, Herbaceous plant, Bulk density, Agronomy, N-fixation, Trait, Soil fertility, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, Functional traits, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

1.Ecosystem functioning relies heavily on belowground processes, which are largely regulated by plant fine-roots and their functional traits. However, our knowledge of fine-root trait distribution relies to date on local- and regional-scale studies with limited numbers of species, growth forms and environmental variation. 2.We compiled a worldwide fine-root trait dataset, featuring 1115 species from contrasting climatic areas, phylogeny and growth forms to test a series of hypotheses pertaining to the influence of plant functional types, soil and climate variables, and the degree of manipulation of plant growing conditions on species fine-root trait variation. Most particularly, we tested the competing hypotheses that fine-root traits typical of faster return on investment would be most strongly associated with conditions of limiting versus favourable soil resource availability. We accounted for both data source and species phylogenetic relatedness. 3.We demonstrate that (1) Climate conditions promoting soil fertility relate negatively to fine-root traits favouring fast soil resource acquisition, with a particularly strong positive effect of temperature on fine-root diameter and negative effect on specific root length (SRL), and a negative effect of rainfall on root nitrogen concentration; (2) Soil bulk density strongly influences species fine-root morphology, by favouring thicker, denser fine-roots; (3) Fine-roots from herbaceous species are on average finer and have higher SRL than those of woody species, and N2-fixing capacity positively relates to root nitrogen; (4) Plants growing in pots have higher SRL than those grown in the field. 4.Synthesis. This study reveals both the large variation in fine-root traits encountered globally and the relevance of several key plant functional types and soil and climate variables for explaining a substantial part of this variation. Climate, particularly temperature, and plant functional types were the two strongest predictors of fine-root trait variation. High trait variation occurred at local scales, suggesting that wide-ranging belowground resource economics strategies are viable within most climatic areas and soil conditions. This is the peer reviewed version of an article, which has been published in final form at [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12769]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.

Published
2017
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