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Moringa oleifera, also known as the "tree of life" or "miracle tree," is classified as an important herbal plant due to its immense medicinal and non-medicinal benefits. Traditionally, the plant is used to cure wounds, pain, ulcers, liver disease, heart disease, cancer, and inflammation. This review aims to compile an analysis of worldwide research, pharmacological activities, phytochemical, toxicological, and ethnomedicinal updates of Moringa oleifera and also provide insight into its commercial and phytopharmaceutical applications with a motive to help further research. The scientific information on this plant was obtained from various sites and search engines such as Scopus, Pub Med, Science Direct, BMC, Google Scholar, and other scientific databases. Articles available in the English language have only been referred for review. The pharmacological studies confirm the hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and anti-inflammatory potential of the extracts from the various plant parts. It was found that bioactive constituents are present in every part of the plant. So far, more than one hundred compounds from different parts of Moringa oleifera have been characterized, including alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, vitamins, glycosides, and terpenes. In addition, novel isolates such as muramoside A&B and niazimin A&B have been identified in the plant and have potent antioxidant, anticancer, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, and nutritional effects. The traditional and nontraditional use of Moringa, its pharmacological effects and their phytopharmaceutical formulations, clinical studies, toxicity profile, and various other uses are recognized in the present review. However, several traditional uses have yet to be scientifically explored. Therefore, further studies are proposed to explore the mechanistic approach of the plant to identify and isolate active or synergistic compounds behind its therapeutic potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moringa oleifera, also known as the “tree of life” or “miracle tree,” is classified as an important herbal plant due to its immense medicinal and non-medicinal benefits. Traditionally, the plant is used to cure wounds, pain, ulcers, liver disease, heart disease, cancer, and inflammation. This review aims to compile an analysis of worldwide research, pharmacological activities, phytochemical, toxicological, and ethnomedicinal updates of Moringa oleifera and also provide insight into its commercial and phytopharmaceutical applications with a motive to help further research. The scientific information on this plant was obtained from various sites and search engines such as Scopus, Pub Med, Science Direct, BMC, Google Scholar, and other scientific databases. Articles available in the English language have only been referred for review. The pharmacological studies confirm the hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and anti-inflammatory potential of the extracts from the various plant parts. It was found that bioactive constituents are present in every part of the plant. So far, more than one hundred compounds from different parts of Moringa oleifera have been characterized, including alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, vitamins, glycosides, and terpenes. In addition, novel isolates such as muramoside A&B and niazimin A&B have been identified in the plant and have potent antioxidant, anticancer, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, and nutritional effects. The traditional and nontraditional use of Moringa, its pharmacological effects and their phytopharmaceutical formulations, clinical studies, toxicity profile, and various other uses are recognized in the present review. However, several traditional uses have yet to be scientifically explored. Therefore, further studies are proposed to explore the mechanistic approach of the plant to identify and isolate active or synergistic compounds behind its therapeutic potential.

Background: Bidens pilosa, popularly known as black jack, has high interest as a medicinal plant. A large part of its biological activities are attributed to their constitution in predominance by secondary metabolites such as the flavonoids, like rutin. Objective: The aim of the present study was to obtain oral solid dosage forms (tablets) containing the aerial part of the plant pulverized and soft extract of B. pilosa standardized on rutin, as well as the validation of an analytical method for determination of the rutin content of the powder, soft extract and of the tablets. Materials and Methods: The liquid extract from B. pilosa was obtained by percolation and concentrated until it became a soft extract. An analytical method, by high-performance liquid chromatography, was validated for the quantification of rutin in the soft extract. Tablets containing the aerial part of the plant pulverized and the soft extract of B. pilosa quantified on rutin was obtained and characterized. After, the method for quantification of rutin on the tablets was covalidated. Results: The rutin content in the raw material was 0.71% (m/m), while in the soft extract was 7.29% (m/m). The dissolution efficiency of the tablets was significantly higher, for both formulations in the pH 6.8 medium compared to medium with pH 1.2. Pilot tablets PH and SE presented results above of that recommended after 120 days. Conclusion: Pilot tablets SE, with soft extract, presented higher content of rutin than pilot tablets PH, with powder of the aerial part from raw material. This new phytopharmaceuticals formulation proved to be promising to be a strategy to carry out the active principles of B. pilosa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]