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Science classrooms are most engaging when students have the opportunity to engage in the practices of scientists. Unfortunately, many attempts to incorporate science into the classroom are disconnected from real scientific practice. When classroom science is divorced from genuine scientific research, collaboration also suffers. Students may sometimes collaborate with each other during traditional labs at school, but too often, the end goal is simply for students to see what the instructor wants them to see. Citizen science, however, gives students the opportunity to help scientists with real-world research projects. In a well-designed citizen science project, no one knows what the results will be! This creates the conditions for further collaboration: between students and teachers, between students and professional scientists, and even between students and the general public. Gung ho for Ginkgo (Enthusiastic for Ginkgo) is a citizen science project in which students help scientists by counting cells in online microscope images. Then students graph their data, analyze their graphs, and write about their results. Furthermore, the project could provide insight into the impacts of future climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the beginning of the 21st century, major earthquakes have frequently occurred worldwide. To explore the impact of astronomical factors on earthquakes, in this study, the statistical analysis method of correlation is used to systematically analyze the effects of astronomical factors, such as solar activity, Earth's rotation, lunar declination angle, celestial tidal force, and other phenomena on M ≥ 8 global earthquakes at the beginning of the 21st century. With regard to solar activity, this study focuses on the analysis of the 11-year and century cycles of solar activity. The causal relationship of the Earth's rotation is not obvious in this work and previous works; in contrast, the valley period of the solar activity century cycle may be an important astronomical factor leading to the frequent occurrence of global earthquakes at the beginning of the 21st century. This topic warrants further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This mixed-methods research study aimed to observe the changes in relational conceptual changes and achievement in photosynthesis and cellular respiration in 15 seventh-grade students using the variation theory of learning, a framework for contextual distinctions, and supports the Common Knowledge Construction Model (CKCM) for science education. The strategy used was prediction-observation-explanation, where students wrote and drew to express their macroscopic and sub-microscopic concepts, depicting any changes. Pre- and post-assessment tests were given to measure achievement in science. Through phenomenography analysis, five descriptive categories were generated for photosynthesis and nine for cellular respiration, revealing variations within and between students' ideas. Statistical tests showed significant improvements (p <.001) in photosynthesis and cellular respiration knowledge after implementing the CKCM learning sequence, with scores increasing from 37 to 77% and 33% to 72%, respectively. These findings suggest that inquiry-based learning based on relational conceptual change, guided by variation theory and an understanding of the nature of science, can lead to a deeper understanding of scientific explanations and improve overall science achievement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Critique of Pure Reason Immanuel Kant said that cognition (objective perception) is acquired in the unity of sensibility (the receptivity of the mind to receive empirical representations of things, which yields intuitions) and the understanding (in which concepts – general representations of things – arise), and is mediated by the imagination. Here, it is shown that numbers, either pure or denominate, are cognized in the synthesis of intuition and mathematical concept, and that the phenomenal world of the cognizer is shaped accordingly. Any number can be related to any other number through a general mathematical formula conceived by the cognizer for the purpose. The judgment of the cognizer is manifest in the specifics of the mathematical relationship established between the two numbers in cognition. If the cognized number is the numerical value of a physical constant then in the (consistent) phenomenal world it will always have been of the value found in cognition, which explains why the universe seems to be fine-tuned for life. If the cognized number is the numerical value of a physical variable, then the number will be subject to change in accordance with physical laws. Symmetry is a recurrent feature of the phenomenology. A mathematical formula conceived by the cognizer may also relate, one to one, the numerical values of quantities in one set with the numerical values of quantities of different dimensionality in another set, which suggests that physical laws are human inventions and that causality is a pure concept of the understanding.

In the Critique of Pure Reason Immanuel Kant said that cognition (objective perception) is acquired in the unity of sensibility (the receptivity of the mind to receive empirical representations of things, which yields intuitions) and the understanding (in which concepts - general representations of things - arise) and is mediated by the imagination. Here, it is shown that numbers, either pure or denominate, are cognized in the synthesis of intuition and mathematical concept, and that the phenomenal world of the cognizer is shaped accordingly. Any number can be related to any other number through a general mathematical formula conceived by the cognizer for the purpose. The judgment of the cognizer is manifest in the specifics of the mathematical relationship established between the two numbers in cognition. If the cognized number is the numerical value of a physical constant, then in the (consistent) phenomenal world it will always have been of the value found in cognition, which explains why the universe seems to be fine-tuned for life. If the cognized number is the numerical value of a physical variable, then the number will be subject to change in accordance with physical laws. Symmetry is a recurrent feature of the phenomenology. A mathematical formula conceived by the cognizer may also relate, one to one, the numerical values of quantities in one set with the numerical values of quantities of different dimensionality in another set, which suggests that physical laws are human inventions and that causality is a pure concept of the understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of REMAH Journal is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article introduces the Data Puzzles instructional framework as a means to engage middle school students in the exploration of wind energy and its potential for future wind farm locations across the United States. By eliciting and leveraging student resources through an opening scenario that prompts personal experiences with wind, teachers can effectively connect students to abstract science phenomena and facilitate sensemaking. The Data Puzzles framework combines authentic scientific data sets with the Ambitious Science Teaching pedagogical practices to support students in constructing knowledge and addressing contemporary phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

his study aims to investigate factors that affect the level of student motivation in English subjects. Researcher describe the same conditions that have occurred in the Teminabuan district, West Papua. In this area, students experience difficulties in learning English, especially in communication or conversation. Researcher used qualitative research methods, because they fit perfectly with the problem under study. Researcher conducted interviews with students, and English teachers at SMUN 1Teminabuan. Research data in this study used an interview that was questioned to respondents to be answered in order to get valid answers . In addition, researchers also monitor student learning methods and learning systems to measure students' abilities in learning English. The instruments used were 20 questions that had been provided. Analyst data obtained by means of qualitative descriptive techniques in the form of descriptions of phenomena that occur in the Teminabuan district. The results showed that the intrinsic and extrinsic factors were very influential on student learning motivation. Based on this research, it can be concluded that negative behavior can reduce student learning motivation, and positive behavior and increase student learning motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the increase in the number of patients with allergic reactions to classic acrylic resins, dentists together with dental technicians have approached another treatment plan for allergic patients, their removable dentures being made of flexible materials. In this material, several technological aspects will be addressed regarding the fabrication of complete dentures from flexible materials, as an alternative to those made from heat cure acrylic resins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The neuron doctrine, according to which nerves consist of discontinuous neurons, presented investigators with the challenge of determining what activities occurred between them or between them and muscles. One group of researchers, dubbed the sparks, viewed the electrical current in one neuron as inducing a current in the next neuron or in muscles. For them there was no gap between the activities of neurons or neurons and muscles that required filling with a new type of activity. A competing group, the soups, came to argue for chemicals, subsequently referred to neurotransmitters, as carrying out the activities between neurons or between neurons and muscles. But even for them the conclusion that chemicals performed this activity was only arrived over time. I examine the prolonged period in which proponents of chemical transmission developed their account and challenged the sparks. My goal is to illuminate the epistemic processes that led to the discovery of a new scientific phenomenon—chemical transmission between neurons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Umm Al-Qura University Journal for Languages & Literature is the property of Association of Arab Universities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cohabitation, a practice which is not accepted in Ghanaian culture, is on the rise and is becoming a growing concern that needs an outreach. An outreach involves interacting with those living together in unmarried and intimate relationships. This research, therefore, sought to examine the history, etymology, and scriptural underpinnings of cohabitation among the Fante people of Ghana, investigated the phenomena of cohabitation among the Fantes and offered approaches for reaching cohabitants in Ghana. The study used the qualitative method, and snowball sampling method to analyse cohabitation phenomena in Fante Land and interviewed twenty people about their reasons for cohabiting and its perceived effects. The study showed that cohabitants view marriage as a dangerous institution, with many experiencing agony, frustration, violence, abuse, despair and death. It offers minimal opposition and is prevalent in premarital and trial marriages. It is also a test before marriage due to fear of divorce, emotional and financial complications, and the high bride price. The study further revealed that cohabitants prioritise freedom of choice and self-fulfilment and face low sexual exclusivity, abuse, mental health issues, and high divorce rates. The study suggests support and education for cohabiting couples, counselling services and theological reflection on cohabitation’s compatibility with Christian values. It also recommends public awareness campaigns, educational programs, property rights reforms, and support systems like affordable childcare and social services. Further research is needed to understand the long-term effects on relationships and faith. The research serves as a valuable foundation for future studies on cohabitation, providing valuable insights for religious leaders, policymakers, and scholars interested in the intersection of faith and contemporary societal trends.

Abstrak Literasi statistik merupakan kemampuan menggunakan statistika dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dan merupakan kemampuan penting untuk menghadapi revolusi industri 4.0. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengemukakan kondisi, permasalahan literasi statistik siswa dan bagaimana permasalahan belajar statistika yang dialami siswa di sekolah serta sejauh mana pengetahuan dan kemampuan siswa terkait literasi statistik. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan desain penelitian fenomenologi. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini 11 siswa SMA di kota Lhokseumawe, Aceh. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan satu set soal tes kemampuan literasi statistik. Analisis data hasil wawancara dilakukan melalui analisis tematik dan analisis data untuk soal tes kemampuan literasi statistik dilakukan melalui teknik interaktif. Hasil wawancara pada penelitian ini diperoleh 4 temuan utama tentang kondisi literasi statistik siswa yaitu persepsi siswa mengenai materi yang termasuk ke dalam stastistika, implementasi literasi statistik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, pelaksanaan pembelajaran statistika di sekolah dan hambatan siswa mempelajari statistika. Sedangkan berdasarkan hasil tes diperoleh tingkat kemampuan literasi statistik siswa masih tergolong rendah. Fenomena yang diperoleh bahwa kondisi literasi statistik siswa belum baik dan tingkat kemampuan literasi statistik siswa masih tergolong rendah karena terdapat permasalahan siswa dalam mempelajari statistika. Kata kunci: fenomena; literasi statistik; pembelajaran matematika  Abstract Statistical literacy is the ability to use statistics in everyday life and is an important ability to face the industrial revolution 4.0. This study aims to describe the conditions, problems of students' statistical literacy and how problems learning statistics are experienced by students at school as well as the extent to which students' knowledge and abilities are related to statistical literacy. The type of research used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach and a phenomenological research design. The participants in this study were 11 high school students in the city of Lhokseumawe, Aceh. Data collection was carried out through interviews and a set of statistical literacy ability test questions. Data analysis from interviews was carried out through thematic analysis and data analysis for statistical literacy ability test questions was carried out through interactive techniques. The results of interviews in this study obtained 4 main findings regarding the condition of students' statistical literacy, namely students' perceptions of material included in statistics, implementation of statistical literacy in everyday life, implementation of learning statistics in schools and students' barriers to learning statistics. Meanwhile, based on the test results, it was found that the statistical literacy ability of students was still relatively low. The phenomena obtained is that the condition of students' statistical literacy is not good and the level of students' statistical literacy ability is still relatively low because there are students' problems in studying statistics.  Keywords: phenomena; statistical literacy; mathematics learning

Evaluation of students' ability in constructing scientific explanations on scientific phenomena is essential as an effort to obtain information and feedback for innovation in learning process and curriculum development. Unfortunately, this issue is still left unexplored by researchers in chemistry education. Such is presumed to occur due to validated instruments, measurements, analysis techniques, and diverse epistemological values that leave much space to be investigated. Employing a Rasch model, we intended to validate test of ability in constructing scientific explanations on chemical phenomena, examine data fit with the Rasch model, evaluate difference in the students' ability in constructing scientific explanations, investigate items with different functions, and diagnose causes for difference in item difficulty level. The respondents were 550 students from seven senior high schools in three regencies/cities and 153 university students in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Data were collected by 30 test items; each item consisted of three questions measuring students' ability in proposing their knowledge (Q1), evidence (Q2), and reasoning (Q3). Their responses were assessed on criteria and analyzed using the Rasch partial credit model. This model applies an individual-centered statistical approach allowing researchers to measure up to item and individual level. Results suggested that data fit the Rasch model measurement. Also, students' ability in constructing scientific explanations varied significantly. We found no items with different functions, signifying that sex and hometown do not influence students' ability. However, based on item logit value grouping, it was discovered that item difficulty level also varied among students. This was particularly due to students' lack of chemistry concepts mastery that lowered their ability and accuracy in constructing scientific explanation. This shows lack of epistemological engagement of students in learning process. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into students' ability to construct scientific explanations and sheds light on factors that influence their performance in this area. Findings highlight need for targeted interventions that address students' conceptual understanding and engagement with chemistry concepts, as well as promote critical thinking and scientific reasoning skills. This has important implications for science education and can inform curriculum development and evaluation policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nasleđe is the property of University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cohabitation, a practice which is not accepted in Ghanaian culture, is on the rise and is becoming a growing concern that needs an outreach. An outreach involves interacting with those living together in unmarried and intimate relationships. This research, therefore, sought to examine the history, etymology, and scriptural underpinnings of cohabitation among the Fante people of Ghana, investigated the phenomena of cohabitation among the Fantes and offered approaches for reaching cohabitants in Ghana. The study used the qualitative method, and snowball sampling method to analyse cohabitation phenomena in Fante Land and interviewed twenty people about their reasons for cohabiting and its perceived effects. The study showed that cohabitants view marriage as a dangerous institution, with many experiencing agony, frustration, violence, abuse, despair and death. It offers minimal opposition and is prevalent in premarital and trial marriages. It is also a test before marriage due to fear of divorce, emotional and financial complications, and the high bride price. The study further revealed that cohabitants prioritise freedom of choice and selffulfilment and face low sexual exclusivity, abuse, mental health issues, and high divorce rates. The study suggests support and education for cohabiting couples, counselling services and theological reflection on cohabitation's compatibility with Christian values. It also recommends public awareness campaigns, educational programs, property rights reforms, and support systems like affordable childcare and social services. Further research is needed to understand the long-term effects on relationships and faith. The research serves as a valuable foundation for future studies on cohabitation, providing valuable insights for religious leaders, policymakers, and scholars interested in the intersection of faith and contemporary societal trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to measure the influence of Instagram influencers and their relationship in giving the image of a destination to the interest of tourists visiting tourist destinations in Indonesia. Furthermore, it identifies photo-taking techniques in framing phenomena, events, or the ambience of tourist objects. This is related to the role of influencers and social media that dominates the tourism aspect in the era of the Internet of Things. This study uses a quantitative approach accompanied by a descriptive description. The primary data were 29 Instagram influencers who shared their travels, which were obtained by distributing questionnaires from August to September 2021. The data obtained were then processed and analyzed using SPSS26 modelling software. The results showed that 1) most of the influencers chose to upload photos or videos of the location along with the influencer himself (41,365), 2) influencers chose to use long shot camera shot size (46.46%) to be able to show the location of tourist destinations better, 3) in terms of using angle, 2,356 respondents (54.16%) used eye level shots, and 4) 2,255 (51.84%) used to post photos with cold colour schemes when taking pictures. Based on the statistical data, social media influencers affect purchase intention. Therefore, these image indicators of tourist attractions in quality and track record need to be considered by managers to prepare places that cater to influencers as tourism promotion agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biologists often study particular biological systems as models of a phenomenon of interest even if they already know that the phenomenon is produced by diverse mechanisms and hence none of those systems alone can sufficiently represent it. To understand this modeling practice, the present paper provides an account of how multiple model systems can be used to study a phenomenon that is produced by diverse mechanisms. Even if generalizability of results from a single model system is significantly limited, generalizations concerning specific aspects of mechanisms often hold across certain ranges of biological systems, which enables multiple model systems to jointly represent such a phenomenon. Comparing mechanisms that operate in different biological systems as examples of the same phenomenon also facilitates characterization and investigation of individual mechanisms. I also compare my account with two existing accounts of the use of multiple model systems and argue that my account is distinct from and complementary to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In general, naturalistic philosophy deals with concepts that relate to the world as expressed in natural language, as it has evolved from a finite stock of root words substantially derived (in European languages) from Latin and Greek. In that sense naturalistic philosophy occupies an intermediate position between natural language and the appropriation of that language for uses in science. Our aim is to show that naturalistic philosophy is neither dead, nor is it to be found residing exclusively in a separate discipline named "philosophy of science". We maintain that although science and naturalistic philosophy have some methodologically distinct aspects, when properly described, science includes naturalistic philosophy. Naturalistic philosophy is entailed in activities from conceptualization and theorization to interpretation of the products of science. We provide examples of the process of argumentation said to characterize naturalistic philosophy, as an integral part of the work of eminent scientists. This more complete view of what constitutes the doing of science has implications for the teaching of science, suggesting that at least some emphasis is required on the conjectural and creative aspects of science, as well as the purely methodological. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Broadly speaking, models are representations of something concrete or not. In science, models have always a purpose related to understanding and explaining phenomena. This requires focus and selecting what to represent and what not to represent and how to represent, among other things. Thus, a side effect of developing the scientific method is the development of a well-structured modelling paradigm. Starting from phenomena and objects, I discuss many decision-abstraction steps in the modelling process that leads to models of phenomena expressed mathematically or computationally, highlighting underlining contexts and procedures. This discourse is undertaken centred on a cross- and trans-disciplinary system science perspective. It grounds on a personal perspective and may be considered as a model of the modelling process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tarih boyunca futbol oynandığı her dönemde toplumları etkileyen önemli bir rekabet ve görsel şölen olmuştur. Başlangıçta askeri talim ve üst düzey sınıfı eğlendirmek amacıyla ortaya çıkan futbol, zamanla kurumsallaşma açısından önemli bir ilerleme kaydederek çağımızın popüler spor oyunlarından birisi haline gelmiştir. 19. yüzyılından itibaren küreselleşme ve kitle iletişim araçlarındaki gelişmeyle beraber daha geniş bir halk kitlesine ulaşmaya başaran futbol artık günümüz dünyasında ülkelerin rekabet alanlarından birisi haline gelmiştir. Bu sportif faaliyetlerden birisi olan futbol, insani bir girişim olması hasebiyle içinde birçok kültürel öğeyi bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. Futbol bu özelliği sebebiyle basit bir oyundan öte pek çok sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel olguyla ilişkilendirilen ve anlamlandırılan bir oyun hâline gelmiştir. Bugün ülkelerin futbol ile olan ilişkileri incelendiği zaman kendi milli takımlarının başarısında büyük pay sahibi olan futbolcuların, üstün futbol yeteneği sayesinde adeta mitleştirilerek içinde yaşadıkları toplumun gözünde sıradan insanlardan farklı konumda değerlendirildiği görülmektedir. Amacı kutsalın futboldaki tezahürlerinin tespit edilmesi olan bu çalışmada, dokümantasyon metodu kullanılmıştır. Bu çerçevede tespit edilen kavram ve semboller etnometodolojik analize tabi tutularak yorumlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada tespit edilen en önemli husus post-modern çağda bireylerin veya grupların kutsalla olan ilişkisini geleneksel dini kurumlar olmadan da bir şekilde devam ettirmeleridir.

Sex has been universally acknowledged as a confounding factor in every type of biological study, while there are strong sex differences in morbidity along the lifespan. Humans have almost identical genomes (99.2%), yet minor variance in their DNA produces remarkable phenotypic diversity across the human population. On the other hand, metagenomic analysis of the human microbiome is more variable, depending on the sex, lifestyle, geography, and age of individuals under study. Immune responses in humans also exhibit variations, with an especially striking sexual dimorphism, which is at play in several other physiologic processes. Sex steroids have noticeable effects on the composition of the human microbiome along the lifespan, accompanied by parallel changes in immunity and the stress response. Gut microsex/genderome, a recently coined term, defines the sexually dimorphic gut microbiome. Apart from the sex steroids, the stress hormones are also at play in the proliferation of microbes. This review summarizes the concept of gut microsex/genderome under the prism of recent studies on the interrelations of the sexually dimorphic microbiome with immunity and stress.

Wonderment is a remarkable ability that the human species has developed where one is amazed when observing phenomena from nature and then reflects on its beauty, immensity, complexity, and meaning. Several aspects of wonderment have surfaced following a careful reading of various literature sources representing some theological, philosophical, scientific, and to some extent psychological/spiritual thinking as well as some texts from the Hebrew Bible. 2 Although wonderment can be experienced in many spheres of life, this article will focus on the experience of the natural world. The aim is to consider what value wonderment can bring to the enrichment and deepening of Christian spirituality in the experience of nature and how it can contribute to a disposition of humility. This article is the first of two deliveries on the subject. Aspects of wonderment were identified in the writings of the authors and reflected upon and laid out as a synthesis of what was thought to be relevant. Wonderment necessitates that the observer can be overawed with astonishment and surprise at what is experienced, revealed, achieved and then reflected upon. A prior disposition is assumed namely eagerness, thoughtfulness, and attentiveness which will enrich and nourish a philosophical disposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to monitor the most prominent phenomena of defects in the Quranic performance of the competitors in international competitions. It is the result of a long experience of more than twenty-five years in arbitration in various Quranic competitions. I have felt the need to monitor the mistakes that the competitors make, In order for this research to be an introductory guide that reaches them to the highest level of proficiency and alerts them to the smallest common mistakes they have. The research used the inductive method to monitor the common mistakes of the competitors, with the application of the descriptive analytical method to describe and arrange these errors, and to indicate the ways to treat and get rid of them. The research reached results, the most important of which are: that most of the mistakes that the competitors make are due to the lack of mastery in pronouncing some letters, especially with regard to separating tender letters (Terqeeq) from glorified letters (Tefkheem) when they are adjacent, and that the common mistakes in stopping and starting are frequent among the competitors, especially when re-reading after a forced or optional stop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wonderment is a remarkable ability that the human species has developed where one is amazed when observing phenomena from nature and then reflects on its beauty, immensity, complexity, and meaning. Several aspects of wonderment have surfaced following a careful reading of various literature sources representing some theological, philosophical, scientific, and to some extent psychological/spiritual thinking. Although wonderment can be experienced in many spheres of life, this article will focus on the experience of the natural world. The aim is to consider what value wonderment can bring to the enrichment and deepening of Christian spirituality in the experience of nature and how it can contribute to a disposition of humility. This article is the first of two deliveries on the subject. Several aspects of wonderment have surfaced following a careful reading of various literature sources representing some theological, philosophical, scientific, and to some extent psychological/spiritual thinking. Aspects of wonderment were identified in the writings of the authors and reflected upon and laid out as a synthesis of what was thought to be relevant.

The current interest and frenzy discussion and attribution of all the evils in climate change, the climate crisis, has led to skepticism about its right research direction, as well as its management and priority implementation actions, extended to its impacted effects on humans, the environment, and the economy. Rather than being the result of a simple mistake, an adequate dispute is based on diversity. I argue that many aspects of the scientific and ethical debate on climate change can be usefully viewed from a different more human-environment-centered perspective. This opinion article presents the topic recalling the historical past and discussing the current opinions and policy orientations followed by scientists, and decision-making centers. Emphasis is given to the prioritized sectors for mitigating the currently undesirable effects, in parallel to re-orientation and breakdown of research on the contemporary causes of climatic change from the non-human interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sex has been universally acknowledged as a confounding factor in every type of biological study, while there are strong sex differences in morbidity along the lifespan. Humans have almost identical genomes (99.2%), yet minor variance in their DNA produces remarkable phenotypic diversity across the human population. On the other hand, metagenomic analysis of the human microbiome is more variable, depending on the sex, lifestyle, geography, and age of individuals under study. Immune responses in humans also exhibit variations, with an especially striking sexual dimorphism, which is at play in several other physiologic processes. Sex steroids have noticeable effects on the composition of the human microbiome along the lifespan, accompanied by parallel changes in immunity and the stress response. Gut microsex/genderome, a recently coined term, defines the sexually dimorphic gut microbiome. Apart from the sex steroids, the stress hormones are also at play in the proliferation of microbes. This review summarizes the concept of gut microsex/genderome under the prism of recent studies on the interrelations of the sexually dimorphic microbiome with immunity and stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Firat University Faculty of Theology / Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Firat University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The claim that a thinker concerned with the development of a totalizing metaphysical system can be a literary philosopher may seem hard to justify. For Arthur Schopenhauer, the entire world is the representation or appearance of the will to life, the metaphysical essence of all being. And yet, because this will must always appear and always take form, it is only formally that we can grasp it, only in concrete instances. For this reason, the poet “shows us how the will behaves under the influence of motives and reflection. He presents us this for the most part in the most perfect of its appearances” (WWRII, 310). In this paper, I will argue that Schopenhauer founds a philosophical approach which comes to rest on literary foundations and which alights at key moments on the strength of his literary as well as his philosophical forebears. I will do this by means of looking at how Schopenhauer treats the concept of fate. It is my contention that the fatalism inherent in Schopenhauer’s ethics is a direct result of a fundamentally literary approach to the concept. This enables us to conceive of fate from a literary and not solely from a metaphysical standpoint. I will begin by outlining the place of the literary in Schopenhauer’s philosophy, including a brief account of those writers whose work he incorporates into his analysis, and then I will demonstrate its relation to his fatalism.

Attenuation is a major drawback for the field of satellite communication which we can not ignore, but, of course can try to mitigate at an instant. In this project, my focus is on the attenutaion part. I am trying to explain the types of attenuation which is being faced by the signal at tropospheric region. We will see how the signal changes its properties when it passes through tropospheric region. Different type of models is being used by the research scientist for measurement of the attenuation impact over the signal. Many times the models has given the fruitful result but some time they are failed as per different location. I took the Ku-band signal from NSS-6 (geostationary 950E) at an elevation angle of from Kolkata. My result outcome shows that the ITU-R model is the best model out of them and it makes the best predictions for different tropical climates. Based on my experimental result, I am trying to show that the ITU-R model is the best option for our climate. On the other side, I have explained through my project that how much signal depolarized at the different percentage of time at one-minute rain rate distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Although the lack of conceptual clarity has been observed to be a widespread and fundamental problem in psychology, conceptual clarification plays a mostly marginal role in psychological research. In this article, we argue that better conceptualization of psychological phenomena is needed to move psychology forward as a science. We first show how conceptual unclarity seeps through all aspects of psychological research, from everyday concepts to statistical measures. We then turn to recommendations on how to improve conceptual clarity in psychology, emphasizing the importance of seeing research as an iterative process in which it is necessary to revisit the phenomena that are the foundations of theories and models, as well as how they are conceptualized and measured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The suitable cooling of fuel elements in a nuclear reactor is an important requirement that must be met to avoid that the fuel temperature rises above the safety limits according to the reactor design. During the reactor operation, there are transients that could lead to a temperature that overcomes these limits, such as those related to the cooling system. The CFD codes are tools that could aid in the understand effort of the phenomenon during such transients, allowing to access details of the flow that are not possible, or are possible only with limitations, by using other kind of codes or experiments. In the present work the results obtained using ANSYS-CFXÒ code for the IEA-R1 reactor during a steady state and transient of slow loss of cooling accident event are presented. The results obtained shown a good agreement with experimental data reported and works that used this reactor as case of study. These results are part of a research in which the main objective is to simulate the flow of the coolant in the fuel element channels during transients. These results would support an initial analysis of the flow during the transition from forced to natural convection that occurs when the coolant flow falls below a settled value and the valve on the bottom of the fuel element opens by gravity, aiming to understand better phenomena involved and the limitations of the models available in the ANSYS-CFXÒ code.

As a systemic therapist, I have found Karen Barad’s physics-philosophy useful when trying to comprehend understandings of my responses from within the ongoing stream of my interactions with clients. In this writing, I attempt to share my understanding of Barad’s ideas of “performativity” and “phenomena” through the making of a bouquet in the flower shop down the road. The essay unfolds around a brief dialogue with the florist, and around my inner dialogue and reflections in relation to his question to me: “Did they like what we made?”. I am focusing on the entangled nature of doing, knowing and being, and the radical aliveness of relational responsivity in our encounters with people. Drawing upon the relational wisdom of everyday spontaneous living with others to enrich professional practice, I am showing that ethical concerns are not supplemental to practice but an integral part of it (Barad, 2007, p. 37). The choice of episode is random but its spontaneous nature fits with the notion of a “phenomenon”. It is a simple, brief, mostly non-verbal occasion, allowing for a real-ist performance improvisation of complementary intra-acting agencies, emerging from within their intra-action, without the need for evaluating and measuring separate individual agencies and actions. According to Barad (2007, p. 37), “realism is not about representations of an independent reality but about the real consequences, interventions, creative possibilities, and responsibilities of intra-acting within and as part of the world.” In my effort to show that “values are integral to the nature of knowing and being” (Barad, 2007, p. 37), I have avoided the urge for reflections based on hypothesising about what might be indicating what or theorising about what might mean what in this essay. Instead, I let entangled and overlapping knowledges from various areas and times of my life and practice interact, and through a kind of “diffractive” writing, I am in dialogue with the reader; with myself backdated to the day when I went to the flower shop to buy the bouquet; with myself as a therapist and a researcher; with Barad through the use of a number of quotations from her work; and with a number of novel and fictional heroes who, although unrelated to the theme of this writing, come to my mind as I relive the episode I am writing. Περίληψη (Greek) Σαν συστημική θεραπεύτρια, έχω βρει τις φιλοσοφικές ιδέες της Karen Barad χρήσιμες στις προσπάθειες μου να καταλάβω διαφορετικές κατανοήσεις των τρόπων με τους οποίους ανταποκρίνομαι στους πελάτες μου μέσα στη ροή της διάδρασης μας. Σε αυτό το άρθρο επιχειρώ να μοιραστώ το πως αντιλαμβάνομαι τις έννοιες της «επιτελεστικότητας» και του «φαινομένου», που χρησιμοποιεί η Barad, μέσα από τη δημιουργία μιας ανθοδέσμης στο ανθοπωλείο της γειτονιάς μου. Το κείμενο ξεδιπλώνεται γύρω από ένα σύντομο διάλογο με τον ανθοπώλη, και την ερώτηση που μου κάνει: «τους άρεσε αυτό που φτιάξαμε;». Επικεντρώνομαι στην διεμπλεκόμενη φύση της πράξης, της γνώσης και της ύπαρξης και την βαθιά ζωντανότητα της σχεσιακής απαντητικότητας στις συναντήσεις μας με τους άλλους.

Why does a raindrop on a window pane show an image of the environment that is turned upside-down? And why does vision go blurry underwater, but is perfectly clear with diving goggles? Our everyday life is rich in optical phenomena. Unfortunately, these phenomena often play a subordinate role in Optics teaching, compared to ray constructions or mechanistic light models. In our new teaching-learning sequence designed for introductory physics courses at secondary schools, the observation of the phenomena assumes a more prominent position and the observer’s sense of sight becomes the starting point of learning about Optics. The centrepiece of our concept is the use of students’ self-made Optics inventory including liquid lenses in various experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]