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7 results on '"peanut extract"'

1. ZnO nanorods bonded polythiophene nanocomposite: an enhanced electrochemical voltammetric biosensing of L-tryptophan.

Author

Dheepthi Gunavathana, S, Girija, S, Wilson, J, and Cyrac Peter, A

Subjects
*POLYTHIOPHENES, *TRYPTOPHAN, *NANORODS, *NANOCOMPOSITE materials, *ZINC oxide, *ELECTRODE testing
Abstract

Electrostatically fused nanocomposite of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods affixed with polythiophene (PT) was successfully illustrated for effective voltammetric biosensing of L-tryptophan (L-Try) in this work. Structural characterization confirms the in-situ composite formation of PT @ ZnO and its BET analysis reveals the porous nature of as-synthesized material having the specific surface area of 4.953 m2 g–1 and average pore diameter of 2.153 nm, respectively. PT @ ZnO exhibits superior electrochemical performance towards L-Try in phosphate buffer solution of pH 7 by the movement of fast electron-transfer rate because of effective interaction between indole group of L-Try and PT @ ZnO nanocomposite. That is, the sulphur group in PT easily attached with the amine group of L-Try demonstrated the linear increase of peak current with increasing concentration in the range of L-Try 100 nM–1 mM having detection limit of 8.5 nM. The invented biosensor shows extraordinary selectivity among other physiological substances and also exposes high stability, repeatability and reproducibility. The practical utility of PT-ZnO/glassy carbon electrode tested with the concentration of L-Try in peanut extract showed preferable results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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2. Gene expression changes in the mesenteric lymph nodes of rats after oral peanut extract exposure.

Author

de Jonge, Jonathan D., Baken, Kirsten A., Konings, Joke, Pennings, Jeroen L. A., Ezendam, Janine, and Loveren, Henk Van

Subjects
*GENE expression, *LYMPH nodes, *FOOD allergy, *PEANUTS, *CELL division, *LABORATORY rats
Abstract

New techniques are needed to broaden the understanding of the food allergic response. The capacity of peanut extract to influence gene expression profiles was investigated in a Brown Norway rat model for food allergy. Brown Norway rats were sensitized to peanut extract (0, 1 and 10 mg/rat/d) by daily oral gavage and were dissected after 3, 7 or 14 days of exposure. RNA extracted from mesenteric lymph nodes of individual rats were hybridized against a common reference pool on Agilent whole rat genome (4*44k) arrays. The raw data were normalized and statistically analyzed using the statistical program R. A False Discovery Rate of 10% and a Fold Ratio of 21.5 ≤ Fold Ratio or Fold Ratio ≥ 1.5 between the experimental groups and their respective control groups were applied. Differentially expressed genes were clustered into a heatmap. Functional annotation and GeneOntology term enrichment were examined. Furthermore, the involvement of the differentially expressed genes in specific cellular pathways was investigated with MetaCore. Gene expression changes, which were both dose- and time-dependent, were detected after sensitization to peanut. A total of 64 genes were differentially expressed, of which 60 were up-regulated and four were down-regulated. These changes were related to the regulation of immunological processes, most notably increased cell division. The findings indicate that responses to peanut include proliferation of immunologically relevant tissues, which can be identified by analysis of gene expression profiles. This may lay a basis for further research into possibilities for discrimination of allergenic from non-allergenic proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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3. 2S protein Ara h 7.0201 has unique epitopes compared to other Ara h 7 isoforms and is comparable to 2S proteins Ara h 2 and 6 in basophil degranulation capacity

Author

Hayen, S.M., Ehlers, A.M., den Hartog Jager, C.F., Garssen, J., Knol, E.F., Knulst, A.C., Suer, W., Willemsen, L.E.M., Otten, H.G., Afd Pharmacology, Pharmacology, Afd Pharmacology, and Pharmacology

Subjects
Models, Molecular, 0301 basic medicine, double blind procedure, Protein Conformation, Fibrinogen receptor, HLA DR antigen, Basophil, Immunoglobulin E, Cell Degranulation, Epitope, law.invention, immunoglobulin E, Epitopes, basophil, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Protein Isoforms, Immunology and Allergy, heterocyclic compounds, receptor type tyrosine protein phosphatase C, Allergens and epitopes, Non-U.S. Gov't, comparative study, peanut extract, epitope, clinical article, biology, predictive value, Chemistry, adult, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, article, food and beverages, peanut allergy, Middle Aged, Basophils, unclassified drug, trypsin, medicine.anatomical_structure, CD123 antigen, female, priority journal, allergenicity, ara h 7 isoform, sequence alignment, Recombinant DNA, isoprotein, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), blood sampling, diagnostic accuracy, IgE, immunoblotting, 2S Albumins, Plant, amino acid substitution, cross linking, Immunology, Research Support, Basophil degranulation, Structure-Activity Relationship, 03 medical and health sciences, male, fibrinogen receptor, Food allergy, medicine, Journal Article, Humans, Peanut Hypersensitivity, controlled study, Amino Acid Sequence, human, albumin, hydrophobicity, food allergy, carboxy terminal sequence, nonhuman, basophil degranulation, human cell, pepsin A, prediction, sequence homology, Antigens, Plant, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Molecular biology, carbohydrates (lipids), Basophil activation, 030104 developmental biology, allergens and epitopes, 030228 respiratory system, basophil activation test, biology.protein, ara h 6 isoform, Blood sampling
Abstract

Background: Screening for specific IgE against 2S albumin proteins Ara h 2 and 6 has good positive predictive value in diagnosing peanut allergy. From the third 2S member Ara h 7, 3 isoforms have been identified. Their allergenicity has not been elucidated. Objective: This study investigated the allergenicity of Ara h 7 isoforms compared to Ara h 2 and 6. Methods: Sensitization of 15 DBPCFC-confirmed peanut-allergic patients to recombinant Ara h 2.0201, Ara h 6.01 and isoforms of recombinant Ara h 7 was determined by IgE immunoblotting strips. A basophil activation test (BAT) was performed in 9 patients to determine IgE-cross-linking capacities of the allergens. Sensitivity to the allergens was tested in 5 patients who were sensitized to at least 1 Ara h 7 isoform, by a concentration range in the BAT. 3D prediction models and sequence alignments were used to visualize differences between isoforms and to predict allergenic epitope regions. Results: Sensitization to Ara h 7.0201 was most frequent (80%) and showed to be equally potent as Ara h 2.0201 and 6.01 in inducing basophil degranulation. Sensitization to Ara h 7.0201 together with Ara h 2.0201 and/or 6.01 was observed, indicating the presence of unique epitopes compared to the other 2 isoforms. Differences between the 3 Ara h 7 isoforms were observed in C-terminal cysteine residues, pepsin and trypsin cleavage sites and 3 single amino acid substitutions. Conclusion & clinical relevance: The majority of peanut-allergic patients are sensitized to isoform Ara h 7.0201, which is functionally as active as Ara h 2.0201 and 6.01. Unique epitopes are most likely located in the C-terminus or an allergenic loop region which is a known allergenic epitope region for Ara h 2.0201 and 6.01. Due to its unique epitopes and allergenicity, it is an interesting candidate to improve the diagnostic accuracy for peanut allergy.

Published
2018

4. Objective eliciting doses of peanut-allergic adults and children can be combined for risk assessment purposes

Subjects
Adult, Male, Peanut allergy, Survival, Food challenge, RAPID - Risk Analysis for Products in Development, Allergic asthma, Biomedical Innovation, Threshold distribution curve, ELSS - Earth, Allergic rhinitis, Asthma, Sensitization, Peanut, Life, Health, Peanut extract, Childhood disease, Female, Life and Social Sciences, Eliciting dose, Healthy Living, Risk assessment, Atopic dermatitis, Human
Abstract

Background: To improve food labelling strategies, information regarding eliciting doses (EDs) and the effect of patient characteristics on these EDs is necessary. Objective: To establish EDs for objective and subjective symptoms and analyse the effect of sensitization levels and other patient characteristics on threshold distribution curves (TDCs). Methods: Threshold data from 100 adults and 262 children with a positive food challenge were analysed with interval-censoring survival analysis (ICSA) and fitted to a TDC from which EDs could be extracted. Possible influencing factors were analysed as covariates by ICSA. A hazard ratio (HR) was calculated in case of a significant effect. Results: TDCs for both objective and subjective symptoms were significantly different between adults and children (P < 0.001). Objective ED05 values, however, were comparable (2.86 mg peanut protein in adults and 6.38 mg in children). Higher levels of sIgE to Ara h 2 and peanut extract were associated with a larger proportion of patient groups reacting to a dose increase with objective symptoms (adults and children) or subjective symptoms (adults, in children a trend). Age had a similar effect in children (HR 1.05 for objective symptoms and 1.09 for subjective symptoms). Gender had no effect on TDCs. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance: Subjective and objective TDCs were different between adults and children, but objective ED05 values were comparable, meaning that threshold data from children and adults can be combined for elaboration of reference doses for risk assessment. Higher sIgE levels to Ara h 2 and peanut extract were associated with a larger proportion of both patient groups to react to a certain dose increase. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Published
2015

5. Objective eliciting doses of peanut-allergic adults and children can be combined for risk assessment purposes

Author

Klemans, R.J.B., Blom, W.M., Erp, F.C. van, Masthoff, L.J.N., Rubingh, C.M., Ent, C.K. van der, Bruijnzeel-Koomen, C.A.F.M., Houben, G.F., Pasmans, S.G.M.A., Meijer, Y., Knulst, A.C., Klemans, R.J.B., Blom, W.M., Erp, F.C. van, Masthoff, L.J.N., Rubingh, C.M., Ent, C.K. van der, Bruijnzeel-Koomen, C.A.F.M., Houben, G.F., Pasmans, S.G.M.A., Meijer, Y., and Knulst, A.C.

Abstract

Background: To improve food labelling strategies, information regarding eliciting doses (EDs) and the effect of patient characteristics on these EDs is necessary. Objective: To establish EDs for objective and subjective symptoms and analyse the effect of sensitization levels and other patient characteristics on threshold distribution curves (TDCs). Methods: Threshold data from 100 adults and 262 children with a positive food challenge were analysed with interval-censoring survival analysis (ICSA) and fitted to a TDC from which EDs could be extracted. Possible influencing factors were analysed as covariates by ICSA. A hazard ratio (HR) was calculated in case of a significant effect. Results: TDCs for both objective and subjective symptoms were significantly different between adults and children (P < 0.001). Objective ED05 values, however, were comparable (2.86 mg peanut protein in adults and 6.38 mg in children). Higher levels of sIgE to Ara h 2 and peanut extract were associated with a larger proportion of patient groups reacting to a dose increase with objective symptoms (adults and children) or subjective symptoms (adults, in children a trend). Age had a similar effect in children (HR 1.05 for objective symptoms and 1.09 for subjective symptoms). Gender had no effect on TDCs. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance: Subjective and objective TDCs were different between adults and children, but objective ED05 values were comparable, meaning that threshold data from children and adults can be combined for elaboration of reference doses for risk assessment. Higher sIgE levels to Ara h 2 and peanut extract were associated with a larger proportion of both patient groups to react to a certain dose increase. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Published
2015

6. Objective eliciting doses of peanut-allergic adults and children can be combined for risk assessment purposes

Author

Rob J.B. Klemans, Carla A.F.M. Bruijnzeel-Koomen, Suzanne G.M.A. Pasmans, F. C. van Erp, C.K. van der Ent, Yolanda Meijer, André C. Knulst, Geert F. Houben, W.M. Blom, L. J. Masthoff, Carina M. Rubingh, Dermatology, and Immunology

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, Survival, Arachis, Peanut allergy, RAPID - Risk Analysis for Products in Development, Allergic asthma, Biomedical Innovation, Allergic rhinitis, Life, Risk Factors, Immunology and Allergy, Childhood disease, Child, Sensitization, Risk assessment, Hazard ratio, Atopic dermatitis, Threshold distribution curve, medicine.anatomical_structure, Health, Child, Preschool, Female, Eliciting dose, Healthy Living, Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, Risk Assessment, Young Adult, medicine, Humans, Clinical significance, Peanut extract, Peanut Hypersensitivity, Survival analysis, Asthma, business.industry, Food challenge, Allergens, Antigens, Plant, medicine.disease, Peanut, ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences, business
Abstract

Background: To improve food labelling strategies, information regarding eliciting doses (EDs) and the effect of patient characteristics on these EDs is necessary. Objective: To establish EDs for objective and subjective symptoms and analyse the effect of sensitization levels and other patient characteristics on threshold distribution curves (TDCs). Methods: Threshold data from 100 adults and 262 children with a positive food challenge were analysed with interval-censoring survival analysis (ICSA) and fitted to a TDC from which EDs could be extracted. Possible influencing factors were analysed as covariates by ICSA. A hazard ratio (HR) was calculated in case of a significant effect. Results: TDCs for both objective and subjective symptoms were significantly different between adults and children (P < 0.001). Objective ED05 values, however, were comparable (2.86 mg peanut protein in adults and 6.38 mg in children). Higher levels of sIgE to Ara h 2 and peanut extract were associated with a larger proportion of patient groups reacting to a dose increase with objective symptoms (adults and children) or subjective symptoms (adults, in children a trend). Age had a similar effect in children (HR 1.05 for objective symptoms and 1.09 for subjective symptoms). Gender had no effect on TDCs. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance: Subjective and objective TDCs were different between adults and children, but objective ED05 values were comparable, meaning that threshold data from children and adults can be combined for elaboration of reference doses for risk assessment. Higher sIgE levels to Ara h 2 and peanut extract were associated with a larger proportion of both patient groups to react to a certain dose increase. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Published
2015

7. The steroidogenic enzyme Cyp11a1 is essential for development of peanut-induced intestinal anaphylaxis.

Author

Wang M, Ramirez J, Han J, Jia Y, Domenico J, Seibold MA, Hagman JR, and Gelfand EW

Subjects
Anaphylaxis genetics, Animals, Cell Differentiation genetics, Cell Lineage genetics, Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme antagonists & inhibitors, Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme genetics, Cytokines biosynthesis, Disease Models, Animal, Enzyme Activation, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Gene Silencing, Mice, Peanut Hypersensitivity genetics, RNA Interference, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer cytology, T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer enzymology, T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer immunology, Th17 Cells cytology, Th17 Cells enzymology, Th17 Cells immunology, Th2 Cells cytology, Th2 Cells enzymology, Th2 Cells immunology, Transcription Factors genetics, Transcription Factors metabolism, Anaphylaxis enzymology, Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme metabolism, Intestines enzymology, Intestines immunology, Peanut Hypersensitivity enzymology
Abstract

Background: Cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 (Cyp11a1), a cytochrome P450 enzyme, is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in the steroidogenic pathway, converting cholesterol to pregnenolone. Cyp11a1 expression is increased in activated T cells., Objectives: We sought to determine the role of Cyp11a1 activation in the development of peanut allergy and TH cell functional differentiation., Methods: A Cyp11a1 inhibitor, aminoglutethimide (AMG), was administered to peanut-sensitized and challenged mice. Clinical symptoms, intestinal inflammation, and Cyp11a1 levels were assessed. The effects of Cyp11a1 inhibition on T(H)1, T(H)2, and T(H)17 differentiation were determined. Cyp11a1 gene silencing was performed with Cyp11a1-targeted short hairpin RNA., Results: Peanut sensitization and challenge resulted in diarrhea, inflammation, and increased levels of Cyp11a1, IL13, and IL17A mRNA in the small intestine. Inhibition of Cyp11a1 with AMG prevented allergic diarrhea and inflammation. Levels of pregnenolone in serum were reduced in parallel. AMG treatment decreased IL13 and IL17A mRNA expression in the small intestine without affecting Cyp11a1 mRNA or protein levels. In vitro the inhibitor decreased IL13 and IL17A mRNA and protein levels in differentiated T(H)2 and T(H)17 CD4 T cells, respectively, without affecting GATA3, retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt), or T(H)1 cells and IFNG and T-bet expression. Short hairpin RNA-mediated silencing of Cyp11a1 in polarized T(H)2 CD4 T cells significantly decreased pregnenolone and IL13 mRNA and protein levels., Conclusion: Cyp11a1 plays an important role in the development of peanut allergy, regulating peanut-induced allergic responses through effects on steroidogenesis, an essential pathway in T(H)2 differentiation. Cyp11a1 thus serves as a novel target in the regulation and treatment of peanut allergy., (Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2013
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