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This study aims to examine factors affecting college students' willingness to pay more for local food. The proposed research model is established based on an extended and decomposed theory of planned behavior. A field survey was conducted toward college students, representatives of Gen Z, with a self-administered questionnaire at a university located in the Southern United States. Structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the hypothesized relationships and the results imply how college students view local food consumption. The findings contribute to advancing the theory of planned behavior with more sophistication and to designing marketing strategies to approach the younger generation for more profitability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the factors that determine the intentions of individuals to donate to nonprofit organizations (NPOs) were analyzed. Based on an extensive review of the academic literature, research hypotheses were proposed about the influences of altruism, self-esteem, trust, donation past behavior, attitudes and brand identification. Data were collected by means of an online survey. The sample was composed of 300 respondents. The empirical investigation consisted of specifying and estimating a model using PLS-SEM. The results showed that altruism and self-esteem did not have statistically significant effects on the intention to donate. The findings suggested that donations to NPOs were more strongly influenced by trust, past donation behavior, attitudes, and brand identification. The paper discusses implications of these results for theory and managerial practices related to philanthropy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research aims: The possibility of damaging factors such as risk aversion and past behavior when making investment choices is very high. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and measure risk aversion and the influence of people's past behavior in different conditions of certainty and uncertainty on investors' decisions in the market. The primary goal of this research, which has remained hidden from the perspective of many researchers, is to investigate the moderating effect of past behavior (experiences) on the relationship between risk aversion and investment choice among investors of the Tehran Stock Exchange. Design/Methodology/Approach: Considering the unlimited population size, Morgan's Table was used for sampling, and the sample size for the unlimited population according to Morgan's Table is 384 people. Therefore, 384 community members were selected as samples. The collected data were then analyzed through SPSS and SMART-PLS software, and research hypotheses were investigated using structural equation modeling. Research findings: The results obtained from the research demonstrated that the risk aversion factor yielded a positive and statistically significant effect on investment choice. In contrast, the factor of past behavior (experiences) generated a negative and statistically significant effect on the relationship between risk aversion and investment choice. Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study provides information on how to earn returns for investors and increase the efficiency of securities markets. In addition, there has been minimal research into this field in Iran. Practitioner/Policy implication: The results of this research provide for investors to pay attention to the impact of market efficiency and the optimal and desired use of available resources. Research limitation/Implication: Among the most important limitations, three things can be mentioned: (a) society's lack of familiarity with academic research, (b) failure to provide more variables, and (c) due to some characteristics of the respondents, generalizing the results to other populations must be approached with caution.

The rapid development of free-floating bike sharing (FFBS) has caused the problem of disorderly parking. Previous studies exploring users' disorderly parking behavior of the FFBS system often ignore the influential factors from the perspective of social psychology. Based on the theory of adolescent egocentrism, this study builds a research model of perceived invulnerability to explore users' regulated parking intentions by using past behaviors as moderators. Data from 292 FFBS users and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) were used to verify the research model and hypotheses. The findings show that perceived invulnerability promotes disorderly parking intention and the positive moderating effect of past behavior. Thus, this study not only provides support for the mechanism of FFBS users' sense of invulnerability, but also provides effective governance suggestions for managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic brought a disruption to daily life and to the sport industry not seen before by generations of consumers. The purpose of the present study was to examine the impact of three external factors (i.e., perceived State/County opening phase status, work status and sheltering status) along with consumers' past spectating behavior on their intentions to attend live sport events in the near future. In this examination, we controlled for COVID-19-related beliefs, as well as for consumers' emotional states (i.e., scared, optimistic). Data were collected from 382 Amazon Mechanical Turk respondents. The findings revealed how external factors happening due to a crisis (i.e., pandemic) and past spectating behavior influence consumers' intentions to attend live sport events. Furthermore, beliefs and emotions related to the threat of COVID-19 sport spectators' intentions to go to live sport events in the COVID-19 era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectivePast behavior has been consistently shown to predict and explain future behavior. It has been proposed that past behavior effects reflect both reasoned action and automatic processes. The current study sought to explore the mediation of past behavior-future behavior relationship via constructs reflecting these processes across three populations and behaviors: binge drinking in university students, flossing in adults, and parental sun safety behavior of children 2 - 5 years of age. Furthermore, this study used a measure of past behavior that combined long-term, recent, and routine patterns of behavioral engagement.MethodA prospective design with two waves of data collection spaced six weeks apart was adopted. Participants (total N = 754) completed an initial survey containing measures of past behavior (frequency, recency, and routine), social cognition (attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control), and behavioral automaticity. Six weeks later, participants (N = 454) completed a self-report measure of behavior and behavioral automaticity.ResultsStructural equation modelling revealed that automatic, but not reasoned-action processes, mediated the past-to-future relationship, across the three behaviors. Results further revealed that long-term, recent, and routine patterns of behavioral engagement were highly correlated and indicated a second-order past behavior latent variable.ConclusionsWhile both reasoned-action and automatic factors can predict a range of health behaviors, automatic processes appear to explain the effect of past behavior on future behavior. Further investigations should focus on exploring the role of other non-conscious and automatic processes such as counter-intentional habits and implicit beliefs in explaining engagement in heath behaviors.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between past behaviors and financial literacy with the intention to invest in the stock market with the mediating role of individual variables. The main question in this research is: What is the relationship between past behaviors and financial literacy with the intention to invest in the stock market with the mediating role of individual variables of stock exchange investors in Isfahan? Methods: The present study is an applied research. This research is descriptive-causal and because the data is done through sampling of the population to investigate the distribution of characteristics of the statistical population, this research is from the field of survey (field finding). The statistical population in this study included investors of the stock exchange in the city of Isfahan. The statistical sample obtained by Cochran's formula is equal to 384 people. To ensure 450 randomly available questionnaires, 392 questionnaires were completed and analyzes were performed based on the same number of samples. In this study, data were collected by field method using a questionnaire. Also, to ensure the validity, the questionnaire was provided to experts such as professors and academic researchers, as well as managers and senior experts, whose opinions also confirmed the validity of the questionnaire. With the initial distribution of 30 questionnaires, the reliability coefficient for the questionnaire, which contains 26 questions. Results: According to the data analysis, the results showed that attitudes, mental norms, perceived behavioral control and past behavior have a positive and significant effect on the intention to invest in the stock market. Also, past behavior, financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on attitude and also financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on perceived behavioral control. Past behavior and financial literacy have a positive and significant effect on the intention to invest in the stock market through attitude and also financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on the intention to invest in the stock market through perceived behavioral control. Conclusion: The research results confirm all hypotheses except the fourth hypothesis. Suggestions based on the results of the research are presented as follows: Regarding the first hypothesis, it is suggested to change the attitude of investors to a positive attitude by holding workshops on stock exchange, because it is necessary to have a positive attitude and sufficient motivation to work in the stock market. To welcome stock market investment ideas; Regarding the second hypothesis, it is suggested that if customers have sufficient knowledge about the stock market, my colleagues and friends should inform and train them to invest in the stock market, because those who are successful in the stock market have an incentive to Who are important in their lives to advise to invest in the stock market and to engage in activities and investments; Regarding the third hypothesis, it is suggested that we provide sufficient training to investors to be able to operate in the market in a timely manner to buy any stock at the appropriate time; And easily recognize profitable stocks and buy good stocks; Regarding the fourth and fifth hypotheses, it is suggested that brokers hold financial literacy classes during times of market downturn during times of market downturn so that investors do not make an emotional and hasty decision to sell their shares. On the other hand, investors gain experience from market performance, and this experience can influence their future investment decisions. Also, stocks whose past performance has always been extraordinary are considered important in the investor's investment decision; Regarding the sixth and seventh hypotheses, it is suggested that investors do not invest and make decisions with predictions, speculations and sometimes past market behavior, because the right decision in the market requires the analysis of the stock market and the correct forecast of prices and dividends. Is. And if they invest in stocks, they should invest in the long run because it will grow naturally. And stocks fluctuate over time; In the case of the eighth hypothesis, it is recommended that investors do not use past information to make investment decisions; Because the market is constantly moving according to the political and economic conditions of society and it cannot be correctly predicted that it will act as in the past and the market that lost in the past may be profitable in the current market; Regarding the ninth and tenth hypotheses, it is suggested that with the financial literacy that brokers create for investors, they should encourage investors to invest in the stock market; Because if the investment has a positive performance in the stock market; It will encourage your friends and relatives to invest.

This paper focuses on empirically investigating the inertia effects of past behavior in commuting modal shift behavior and contributes to the current state of the art by three aspects. Firstly, this study introduces and tests the potential influences of the inertia effects of past behavior on the traveler's preferences regarding level-of-service (LOS) variables, besides the impacts of inertia effects on the preference for the frequently used transport mode in the past. Secondly, the mode-specific inertia effects are investigated to distinguish the differences in the inertia effects for different transport modes based on posterior individual-specific parameter estimations. Thirdly, the factors contributing to the heterogeneity of inertia effects including demographics and travel contexts, are quantitatively examined. A joint random parameter logit model using a revealed and stated preference survey regarding commuting behavior is employed to unravel the three aspects. The results reveal significant interactions of inertia terms with LOS variables indicating the influences of past behavior on travelers' evaluations on attributes of their previous choices. The mean values and variances of inertia effects for different transport modes are significantly and substantially distinct. For instance, the inertia effects of frequently using car are substantially positive representing strong stickiness to the car, while the inertia effects of frequently using the metro have large variances among travelers and mostly appear as dispositions to change. Besides, the effects of personal characteristics and travel contexts on the magnitude of the inertia effects of different transport modes are identified as well. A demand estimation analysis is utilized to investigate the influences of three aspects on predicting travel demands in various contexts. Incorporating the interactions and mode-specific inertia effects can remarkably improve the model performance. The demand estimation will be biased if they are neglected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between past behaviors and financial literacy with the intention to invest in the stock market with the mediating role of individual variables. The main question in this research is: What is the relationship between past behaviors and financial literacy with the intention to invest in the stock market with the mediating role of individual variables of stock exchange investors in Isfahan? Methods: The present study is an applied research. This research is descriptive-causal and because the data is done through sampling of the population to investigate the distribution of characteristics of the statistical population, this research is from the field of survey (field finding). The statistical population in this study included investors of the stock exchange in the city of Isfahan. The statistical sample obtained by Cochran's formula is equal to 384 people. To ensure 450 randomly available questionnaires, 392 questionnaires were completed and analyzes were performed based on the same number of samples. In this study, data were collected by field method using a questionnaire. Also, to ensure the validity, the questionnaire was provided to experts such as professors and academic researchers, as well as managers and senior experts, whose opinions also confirmed the validity of the questionnaire. With the initial distribution of 30 questionnaires, the reliability coefficient for the questionnaire, which contains 26 questions. Results: According to the data analysis, the results showed that attitudes, mental norms, perceived behavioral control and past behavior have a positive and significant effect on the intention to invest in the stock market. Also, past behavior, financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on attitude and also financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on perceived behavioral control. Past behavior and financial literacy have a positive and significant effect on the intention to invest in the stock market through attitude and also financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on the intention to invest in the stock market through perceived behavioral control. Conclusion: The research results confirm all hypotheses except the fourth hypothesis. Suggestions based on the results of the research are presented as follows: Regarding the first hypothesis, it is suggested to change the attitude of investors to a positive attitude by holding workshops on stock exchange, because it is necessary to have a positive attitude and sufficient motivation to work in the stock market. To welcome stock market investment ideas; Regarding the second hypothesis, it is suggested that if customers have sufficient knowledge about the stock market, my colleagues and friends should inform and train them to invest in the stock market, because those who are successful in the stock market have an incentive to Who are important in their lives to advise to invest in the stock market and to engage in activities and investments; Regarding the third hypothesis, it is suggested that we provide sufficient training to investors to be able to operate in the market in a timely manner to buy any stock at the appropriate time; And easily recognize profitable stocks and buy good stocks; Regarding the fourth and fifth hypotheses, it is suggested that brokers hold financial literacy classes during times of market downturn during times of market downturn so that investors do not make an emotional and hasty decision to sell their shares. On the other hand, investors gain experience from market performance, and this experience can influence their future investment decisions. Also, stocks whose past performance has always been extraordinary are considered important in the investor's investment decision; Regarding the sixth and seventh hypotheses, it is suggested that investors do not invest and make decisions with predictions, speculations and sometimes past market behavior, because the right decision in the market requires the analysis of the stock market and the correct forecast of prices and dividends. Is. And if they invest in stocks, they should invest in the long run because it will grow naturally. And stocks fluctuate over time; In the case of the eighth hypothesis, it is recommended that investors do not use past information to make investment decisions; Because the market is constantly moving according to the political and economic conditions of society and it cannot be correctly predicted that it will act as in the past and the market that lost in the past may be profitable in the current market; Regarding the ninth and tenth hypotheses, it is suggested that with the financial literacy that brokers create for investors, they should encourage investors to invest in the stock market; Because if the investment has a positive performance in the stock market; It will encourage your friends and relatives to invest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Identifying individuals at risk of drunk driving could reduce drunk driving rates. • The use of implicit measures could overcome problems related to self-report. • We tested the predictive utility of a new implicit measure for drunk driving. • Implicit measure scores predicted past and future likelihood of drunk driving. • This measure could be a promising tool for drunk driving risk assessment. Introduction: Drunk driving is one of the primary causes of road traffic injuries and fatalities. A possible approach to reduce drunk driving rates is to identify which individuals are at risk of such behavior and establish targeted prevention. Simply asking individuals about drunk driving in real-world contexts would be problematic because of potential deception. The use of implicit measures such as the Implicit Association Test (IAT) could overcome this problem because they are less controllable than self-reports and thus less susceptible to deception. However, previous studies have shown poor predictive utility of implicit measures for drunk driving behavior. The current studies aimed to test the predictive utility of a variant of the IAT designed to assess beliefs about past driving under the influence (the P-DUI-IAT). Method: Study 1 (N = 216) tested whether the P-DUI-IAT could predict self-reported prior drunk driving and future likelihood of drunk driving. We also examined incremental predictive validity of the P-DUI-IAT for these outcomes. Study 2 (N = 159) examined whether results from Study 1 were reproducible. Results. In both studies, results showed that the P-DUI-IAT discriminated well between participants who had engaged in drunk driving and participants who had not. The P-DUI-IAT also showed independent and incremental predictive validity for past drunk driving and future likelihood of drunk driving. Conclusions: These studies provided initial evidence for the predictive utility of the P-DUI-IAT for drunk driving. Practical Applications: The P-DUI-IAT is a promising tool for identifying which individuals are at risk of drunk driving. The application of this measure could especially be valuable for identifying young novice drivers at risk for drunk driving-related accidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although persuasive messages are designed to motivate individuals to engage in intended behaviors, they do not always work. Often, people follow previously established values and ideologies and dismiss persuasive messages. We examine how participants react to a persuasive message related to plastic pollution and how these reactions shape their willingness to recycle and reuse. Results indicate that environmental values and political ideology are associated with message derogation in distinct ways, which, in turn, affect risk perception, self-efficacy, and intention to recycle and reuse. Further, past behavior moderates the relationship between message derogation and perceived risk, but not the relationship between message derogation and self-efficacy. These results suggest that pre-existing values and ideologies play an important role in message derogation, a hitherto under-researched phenomenon that has key implications for self-reported behavioral change. Moreover, past behavior could serve as a powerful lever in steering risk perception and behavioral intent., (© 2024 Society for Risk Analysis.)

The purpose of this study was to test the effect of past behavior on future behavior, considering the motivational sequence proposed by the self-determination theory. The total sample was formed by 293 exercisers aged between 18 and 65 (M = 36.57 ± SD = 11.25) years. Participants completed a multi-section survey of motivational, emotional and cognitive-related variables, and exercise adherence was measured using computer records. Past behavior was found to offset the direct effect of intention on future behavior and the indirect effect of all other variables under analysis on intention, acting as a "buffer" variable for experienced gym members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluates the main determinants of wine tourists' intention to revisit the winery cellar door. The proposed tourist behavior model suggests that past wine-related knowledge and behaviors as well as motivation affect satisfaction with the cellar door visit. The model suggests that actual behavior at the cellar door (number of bottles bought and amount of money spent) is dependent on the previously mentioned factors. A survey of wine tourists in the Barossa Valley, Australia, led to 676 useable questionnaires. The results of a binary logistic model show that only monthly household expenditure on wine consumption and the motive of tasting wine predict satisfaction with the cellar door visit. A negative binomial model shows that the probability to buy more bottles at the winery increases if the visitor is from Australia, satisfied with the visit, has tasted wine at the cellar door, is younger, spends more on monthly household consumption of wine, and was primarily visiting to buy wine. However, intention to revisit is predicted only by satisfaction, awareness of the winery before the visit, motives of buying and tasting wine, and some sociodemographic characteristics. Implications for the management of visitor behavior and the cellar door experience are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to examine housewives self-reported intention to buy counterfeit products by employing the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as the research framework. In total, 600 housewives completed a survey questionnaire measuring their responses to seven constructs in the TPB. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used as the technique for data analysis with two step approach. The results of this study showed that overall the variables in the TPB model (attitude, subjective norms, perceived control behaviors) were able to explain and predict housewives intention to buy counterfeit products. Attitudes toward behavior have a greater influence on intentions to buy. Additional variables that are included: values were able to explain and predict attitudes toward buying behavior, past behavior was able to explain and predict perceived behavioral control, and social status could explain and predict housewives intention to buy counterfeit products.

This study investigates two decision‐making paths that underpin the continued use of branded apps. One path originates from past use of a category of apps and leads to continued use of a branded app from that category via recognition. The second path also starts with past use, but leads to continued use through the evaluation of the app's benefits. Two empirical studies test and subsequently validate the resulting conceptual model, confirming that both paths underpin continued use; however, the strength of the theoretical links varies, and the two paths warrant separate investigation. These outcomes support the generalizability of the proposed model, highlighting its potential as a tool to advance the understanding of consumer decision‐making leading to the continued use of branded apps. The findings of this study also yield practical relevance, especially for the delineation of strategies to enhance the chances of market survival of branded apps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines customers' food truck patronage intention based on the theory of planned behavior with an additional path from subjective norm to attitude and an additional variable; past behavior. The data were collected from actual and potential food truck customers in the United States, whose age is 18 years or older, by employing Amazon Mechanical Turk as a sampling frame. The data were analyzed using a two-step approach of structural equation modeling. The study's results indicate that the hypothesized model can explain customers' intention formation of eating at a food truck well. Based on these findings, theoretical and managerial implications are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our society has been marked by mounting discourses on the necessity of sustainable and environmentally friendly food consumption, as sustainability problems regarding food systems will likely become more severe in the future. Hence, calls have been made for more research on consumer behavior with respect to organic food consumption. Using a survey of 462 adults in a European Union country, this study investigates the role of past behavior in determining several consequences in the context of organic food consumption. The relationships among past organic food consumption, attitudes, environmental concern, personal norms and organic food buying intentions are examined. The results reveal that past organic food consumption positively affects attitudes toward buying organic food, personal norms and buying intentions. In addition to past consumption, attitudes and personal norms are also significant antecedents of organic food buying intentions. The total effect of past behavior on the intention is the strongest compared to other antecedents. The study also discusses the implications of the findings and identifies areas for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding habits may inform intervention development aimed at promoting physical activity maintenance for long-term health. In the present article, I review theory and research on habits applied to physical activity. I provide an overview of contemporary conceptualizations of habit and habit theory; address whether or not physical activity can be habitual; review perspectives on how physical activity habits develop; summarize research on effects of physical activity habits; identify intervention strategies effective in promoting physical activity habits; and propose an agenda for future research on physical activity habits. Conceptual and narrative review. My overview begins with the definition and conceptualization of habit. Habits are defined as specific behavioral responses co-occurring with environmental cues or contextual features. Habitual behaviors such as physical activity are represented in associative memory, and experienced as low effort, automatic, and independent of goals and intentions. Habits are developed through repeated experience of the activity in stable contexts. The activity is initially controlled by goals and rewards, but control shifts to non-conscious, automatic processes as habits develop. Interventions to develop habits require promotion of self-regulatory skills that enable repeated experience of the activity in conjunction with stable cues or contexts. I propose strategies based on research on habit and self-regulation that may inform interventions to promote physical activity habits. I also propose an agenda for future research on habit in physical activity, which includes developing an integrated theory of habit, adopting innovative measures and designs, and testing interventions to develop habits. • Definitions, conceptualizations and theory of habit in physical activity are reviewed. • Habits are specific behavioral responses that covary with cues or contextual features. • Physical activity habits are experienced as low effort, automatic, and lacking in awareness. • Habits are developed through repeated experience of physical activity in stable contexts. • Interventions should promote self-regulatory skills that foster physical activity habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Research is needed to understand factors that attenuate the association between habits and health behavior performance. Purpose We tested whether degree of reasoned action (DRA) moderates both intention-behavior and habit-behavior relations. DRA was defined by how well cognitions predict behavioral intentions, and was measured by the respective within-participants multiple correlation (R). Methods Four studies were undertaken. Two pilot studies established the validity of our measure of DRA. Studies 1 (N = 663) and 2 (N = 1014) were prospective surveys of eight and six health behaviors, respectively. Intentions were measured via standard scales and habits were indexed by measures of frequency of performance × context stability. Results In both studies, habits attenuated the predictive validity of intention. However, well-reasoned intentions better predicted health behaviors than poorly reasoned intentions, and habits offered weaker prediction of behavior when intentions were well reasoned. Three-way DRA × intention × habit interactions were also observed. Habits best predicted health behaviors when intentions were weak and poorly reasoned (Study 1), or offered poorest prediction of health behaviors when intentions were both strong and well-reasoned (Study 2). Conclusions Degree of reasoned action predicts increased intentional control and reduced habitual control over multiple health behaviors. Highlights • This papers defines and tests a new construct, degree of reasoned action (DRA). • DRA moderates both intention-behavior and habit-behavior relations. • Moderation was observed in two studies of multiple health behaviors (Ns = 663 and 1014). • Habits weakly predicted behavior when intentions were strong and well reasoned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional appraisal research has demonstrated that recalling a past behavior and its associated emotions can influence future behavior. However, how such recalled emotions shape sustainable consumer choice has not been examined. This study examines the role of recalled pride and guilt in shaping sustainable purchase intentions and the mediating role of anticipated pride and guilt. A conceptual model is proposed for motivating sustainable purchase intentions through the emotions associated with the behavioral recall. The model is applied in two experiments with online consumers examining purchase intentions of low carbon cars. Recalling feelings of pride associated with a past sustainability‐related behavior increases sustainable purchase intention, as compared with a neutral recall. This effect occurs through the mediation of both anticipated pride at the prospect of a sustainable behavior choice and anticipated guilt if the future choice is not sustainable. Similar hypotheses relating to recalled guilt at past unsustainable behavior were not supported. The study contributes to research on sustainable consumption, revealing an emotional route by which past behavior can influence future behavior. It also adds to emotional appraisal research by showing the role of specific self‐conscious emotions in forming this route, as prior research has focused more broadly on emotional valence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is limited research concerning the background variables and motivational processes of private candidates (i.e., persons taking exams without being enrolled as students in Norwegian upper-secondary school). The aim of this study was twofold: (i) to map background variables of the candidates, and (ii) to study their intention to succeed on their exams in light of an extended version of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The results indicate that privately registered candidates represent a complex group where the majority (52%) takes exams in order to improve their grades on exams they have already passed. The extended TPB model explained 50% of the variance in intentions with past behavior, future orientation and perceived behavioral control as the strongest predictors. Limitations and implications of the present study are also discussed.

Behavioral intention is an important predictor of actual behavior. Yet, people often fail to act on their intentions. This study used panel data to examine whether intention interacts with past behavior in determining future behavior. Young people in the Eastern Region of Ghana (N D 956, 495 D female, 461 D male) completed a structured self-administered questionnaire, assessing intentions to use condoms and past condom use behavior at Time 1, and future condom use behavior at Time 2. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that intentions to use condoms and past condom use behavior accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in future condom use behavior. In addition, past condom use moderated the future condom use intention-behavior relationship. These results demonstrate the usefulness of considering young people's past experiences with condoms in informing the design of condom use skills training. In other words, a condom use skills training intervention that uses the pedagogical approach of starting from the "known" to the "unknown" might benefit young Ghanaians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examined the variables predicting fans' intention to attend a fan-related convention. The theory of planned behavior posits that individuals' attitudes, norms, and behavioral control predict individuals' intended behaviors. Bronies—adult fans of My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic—rated items regarding theory of planned behavior, past convention attendance, ingroup identification, and intention to attend a brony convention. Results showed that attitudes, norms, perceived control, past behavior, and ingroup identification all uniquely predicted intention to attend. Results and study limitations are discussed within the context of the existing literature, with implications for future research on the topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study tested a modified version of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), in driving under the influence of alcohol that incorporated past behavior and perceived invulnerability in a sample of young French adults. Participants ( n  = 368, Mean Age = 23.29, SD  = 3.69, Age Range 18–35) completed self-report measures of sense of invulnerability, subjective norms attitude, perceived control, intention to drive and drink, and past behavior. This extended model was able to explain 52% of the variance of behavioral intention. In accordance with the TPB, the intention to drink and drive was predicted by Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), Subjective Norms, Past behavior and Attitudes. The effect of perceived invulnerability on the three determinants of TPB was significant. Psychological invulnerability had a direct influence on Attitudes, Danger Invulnerability on PBC and Interpersonal Invulnerability on Attitude and PCB. The current study provides support for the importance of the sense of invulnerability to traffic risk-taking in young adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: An unresolved debate lingers over the effect of past behavior on motivational patterns and future behavior stability in the exercise context. Theorists argue that past behavior has a residual effect on future behavior; however, empirical studies have shown that past behavior displays significant power in predicting behavior recurrence in the future. The present research aimed to examine the effect of past behavior and motivational determinants on future exercise adherence. Methods: Data from 437 Portuguese gym exercisers (female = 235; male = 202) aged between 18 and 53 years (M = 31.14; SD = 9.47), with exercise experience ranging from 6 to 12 months (M = 9.41; SD = 1.33) were considered for research. Participants completed a multi-section survey measuring interpersonal behaviors, basic psychological needs, behavioral regulations, and intentions. Data from past behavior and future exercise adherence were collected using computerized records of their attendance at the gym. Results: Positive and significant correlations paths were evidenced among perceived supportive behaviors, needs satisfaction, autonomous motivation, intentions and future exercise adherence. Similar results were presented among perceived thwarting behaviors, needs frustration, and controlled motivation. Regression paths showed that perceived supportive behavior, basic needs satisfaction, and autonomous motivation displayed positive and significant effects on future behaviors; thus, past behavior displayed the highest coefficient on future exercise adherence. Fitness professionals should aim at creating supportive environments, thus, improving the likelihood of being perceived by exercisers as need-supportive individuals. By doing so, as a result, exercisers would experience increased levels of autonomous motivation and higher rates of future exercise attendance at the gym. Hence, exercisers will gradually form their positive past exercise experience, increasing the probability of engaging in an exercise in the future.

This research was designed to test the ability of an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict purchase intention of counterfeit products. Value consciousness and past behavior are variables that added into the TPB. Three hundred and fifty respondents completed the research questionnaires. Questionnaires were distributed to respondents by email and drop-off/pick-up method. The data then analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). All Hypothesis were supported. This research also provides the managerial implication and suggestion for future research.

Academic integrity (AI) violations on college campuses continue to be a significant concern that draws public attention. Even though AI has been the subject of numerous studies offering explanations and recommendations, academic dishonesty persists. Consequently, this has rekindled interest in understanding AI behavior and its influencers. This paper focuses on the AI violations of plagiarism and sharing homework for freshman business students, examining the factors that influence a student's intention to plagiarize or share homework with others. Using a sample of more than 1300 freshman business students over 2 years, we modeled intent to plagiarize and intent to share homework using factors in the Theory of Planned Behavior in addition to past violation behavior and moral obligation (feelings of guilt). Based on the results of this study, attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, and in addition past behavior and moral obligation, were found to significantly influence an individual's intention to violate academic integrity (for plagiarism and sharing homework when asked not to do so), explaining 33 and 35 % of the variance in intention to commit an AI violation for sharing homework and plagiarism, respectively. These results contribute to a better understanding of individuals' motivations for plagiarizing and sharing homework, which is a necessary step toward reducing academic integrity violations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]