483 results on '"parcours de vie"'
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2. Les pieds sur terre et la tête dans les étoiles: l'ingenium en acte: Entretien avec Thierry Ardouin.
- Author
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RENIER, Samuel and GUILLAUMIN, Catherine
- Subjects
- *
TRAINING of engineers , *SCIENCE education , *HISTORY of education , *ADULT education , *TRANSCRIPTION (Linguistics) - Abstract
The interview transcribed in this article was conducted with Thierry Ardouin, a great witness and actor in the history of training engineering in France. Through the evocation of his journey and his reflections, the aim here is to give an account of a singular journey, but also of the timely grasping of ingenium as a dynamic of analysis and action in the field of education and training science. "With our feet on the ground and our head in the stars" is the approach he proposes to us, in order to link this history to the current and future perspectives of a reflection that is still under construction on training engineering, driven by an ethical vigilance with regard to world movements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. MODOS DE RELAÇÃO COM A REFORMA.
- Author
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Rebelo, Bruno
- Subjects
RETIREMENT ,CENTRALITY ,LONGEVITY ,LIFE course approach ,EVERYDAY life ,QUALITATIVE research ,HETEROGENEITY - Abstract
Copyright of Sociologia, Problemas e Práticas is the property of Centro de Investigacao e Estudos de Sociologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. L'influence des relations familiales dans le processus migratoire: le cas de l'émigration guadeloupéenne avec le BUMIDOM (1963-1981).
- Author
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Danican, Malika
- Abstract
Copyright of Enfances, Familles, Generations is the property of Enfances, Familles, Generations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. L'agentivité des jeunes exposés à la violence conjugale soutenue par la méthode du calendrier historique de vie.
- Author
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DUMONT, ANNIE, LESSARD, GENEVIÈVE, ALVAREZ-LIZOTTE, PAMELA, PELLERIN, ANAÏS, and LAPIERRE, SIMON
- Subjects
YOUNG adults ,INTIMATE partner violence ,LIFE history interviews ,SEMI-structured interviews ,SELF-efficacy ,STORYTELLING - Abstract
Copyright of Enfances, Familles, Generations is the property of Enfances, Familles, Generations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
6. Stratégies familiales et accès aux droits en contexte migratoire.
- Author
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DELCROIX, CATHERINE, LE GALL, JOSIANE, and PAPE, ELISE
- Subjects
COMPARATIVE method ,POLITICAL stability ,SCHOOL children ,STATUS (Law) ,COMMUNITIES ,SOCIAL unrest - Abstract
Copyright of Enfances, Familles, Generations is the property of Enfances, Familles, Generations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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7. Au long des parcours migratoires, jouer avec les statuts juridiques, recomposer les identités: Le cas de familles yéménites à Djibouti.
- Author
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PERNOT, MORGANN BARBARA
- Subjects
HUMAN migrations ,STATUS (Law) ,RELATIONSHIP status ,FOREIGN workers ,WAR ,WOMEN in war - Abstract
Copyright of Enfances, Familles, Generations is the property of Enfances, Familles, Generations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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8. More-than-representational approaches to the life-course.
- Author
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Barron, Amy
- Subjects
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OLDER people , *HEALTH of older people - Abstract
This paper proposes bringing together work on the life-course and more-than-representational theories as one way to extend and complement current approaches to ageing research. Drawing on ethnographic research with older people in Manchester, UK, I argue that research on ageing should better foreground those less-tangible, temporal dynamics of experience which are often overlooked. Understanding the life-course through more-than-representational theories complicates any clear sense of chronological time, illuminating the ways in which the life-course mediates the present in unexpected and expected ways. Specifically, I foreground differentiated capacities to affect and be affected across places, times and individual life-courses. This framing not only disrupts reductive narratives of older age, but also shows how more-than-representational theories are important to thinking about temporality. Through accounts developed with older people, rather than on them, I demonstrate the ways in which the identities and stories encountered are mediated by the research context. Future research on ageing must foreground the multiplicities and practices of older peoples' embodied experience whilst keeping sight of the performative effects of representations. There is a need to more-thoroughly explore the overlaps between more-than-representational theories and the life-course to further develop relational geographies of ageing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Women’s lives and temporalities of fertility treatment.
- Author
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Payne, Nicola, Lewis, Suzan, and Nilsen, Ann
- Abstract
This article explores women’s temporal experiences of using Assisted Reproductive Technology. The demand for such treatment has increased since the first
in vitro fertilisation birth. Assisted Reproductive Technology involves invasive procedures in women’s bodies, uncertain outcomes and temporal challenges.A sample of 11 professional women was drawn from a larger sample recruited for interviews from online infertility forums. Analysis was carried out using abiographical life course approach to draw out the temporal elements of experiences. Four themes were identified: biographical timing and temporalities of fertility treatment; biographical timing and a/synchronicity with friends; temporalities of everyday life when using Assisted Reproductive Technology; and ‘public issue’ or ‘private trouble’ in relation to silences around Assisted Reproductive Technology. Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology treatment sets these women apart from friends who conceive without treatment, and they faced challenges for the rhythms of everyday life during this period. Using Assisted Reproductive Technology highlighted public taboos about women’s bodies. Thus for many, this critical phase had to be kept secret. Understanding women’s temporal experiences of using Assisted Reproductive Technology and the challenges involved are important for developing context sensitive theories and concepts that can contribute to deeper insight into the intersecting temporalities of reproductive processes in general and using Assisted Reproductive Technology in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Choosing to Retire? A Study of Women’s Patterns for Retiring or Continuing to Work.
- Author
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Marchand, Isabelle and Tremblay, Diane-Gabrielle
- Subjects
SPOUSES ,RETIREMENT ,OLDER women ,GENDER - Abstract
Copyright of Interventions Économiques is the property of Association d'Economie Politique and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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11. Dancing through life in a changing world: life course, historical time and serious leisure.
- Author
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Heikkinen, Satu
- Abstract
Copyright of Leisure/Loisir: Journal of the Canadian Association for Leisure Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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12. De l'incertitude à l'autoresponsabilité: parcours et dilemmes de sinistrés du nucléaire après l'accident de la centrale 1F.
- Author
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CHŪJŌ, Chiharu and AUGENDRE, Marie
- Subjects
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RESPONSIBILITY , *NUCLEAR accidents , *POWER (Social sciences) , *GENDER , *PRISMS , *ZONING - Abstract
In the grey area of the Fukushima accident, outside the official evacuation zone, dozens of people contaminated or suspected of being so agreed to testify on the controversial effects of low doses, and on their decisions regarding their exposure and their lot. Five years of longitudinal interviews show how this affects identity, generates non-linear trajectories, alters life stories, and fundamentally questions the construction of risk and the qualification of "nuclear victim" that is far from the cliché of powerlessness. Besides the semantic, social and psychological instability accompanying this status, two readings emerge from the corpus through the prism of personal responsibility and that of gender, revealing the commitment generated by the accident, and for women in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Faire parler l'expérience étudiante en orientation pour soutenir la capabilité à s'orienter.
- Author
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Olry-Louis, I. and Soidet, I.
- Abstract
Le rapport construit par les étudiants à leur orientation a encore peu été investigué alors qu'il fait actuellement l'objet de beaucoup d'attention sur les plans politique et sociétal. Articulée aux concepts de capabilités, d'expérience étudiante en orientation et d'évènements de vie, l'étude, menée par questionnaire, a principalement cherché à mieux comprendre l'orientation vécue par 110 étudiants, inscrits en deuxième année de licence de psychologie en France (objectif 1). Mobilisant, afin de les comparer (objectif 2), deux méthodes d'analyse textuelle menées en double aveugle, l'une automatique, l'autre manuelle, les résultats montrent que l'énonciation des évènements ayant marqué leur trajectoire et de leur questionnement actuel porte la marque d'une activité réflexive en lien avec leur capabilité à s'orienter. En faisant état de riches expériences antérieures, d'épisodes douloureux de vie, d'influences diverses et de fréquents réajustements, les évènements mentionnés témoignent d'une certaine distance à soi et d'une propension à penser l'avenir en lien avec le passé. Marqués par des discours d'incertitude et de crainte portant sur les aspects capacitaires et identitaires, les choix académiques à opérer et l'insertion future à accomplir, les questionnements étudiants s'inscrivent majoritairement dans une temporalité courte. Les dispositifs capacitants en orientation sont discutés et des prolongements d'analyse et de recherches esquissés. The report built by the students to their vocational path has been little studied, whereas it is currently the subject of much political and societal attention. Based on the concepts of capabilities, student experience and life events, the study, conducted by questionnaire, mainly sought to better understand the guidance path lived, of 110 students enrolled in the second year of a degree in psychology in France (objective 1). Mobilizing, in order to compare (objective 2), two methods of textual analysis carried out in double blind, one automatic, other manual, the results show that the enunciation of the events having marked their trajectory and their current questioning in orientation testify of a reflexive activity in link with their capabilities. By mentioning rich past experiences, painful episodes of life, various influences and frequent readjustments, the events mentioned show a certain distance to oneself and a propensity to think about the future in relation to the past. Marked by speeches of uncertainty and fear concerning the capability and identity aspects, the academic choices to be made and the future vocational integration to be carried out, the student questions are mainly part of a short temporality. Capacitive devices in vocational guidance are discussed and extensions of analysis and research outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Le décès périnatal comme bifurcation temporelle : les parcours de vie de femmes après une fausse couche
- Author
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Francine de Montigny, Sabrina Zeghiche, and Pascale de Montigny-Gauthier
- Subjects
analyse processuelle ,bifurcation ,deuil périnatal ,fausse couche ,parcours de vie ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Les effets d’un décès périnatal ont été largement documentés, mais on a rarement proposé un regard englobant sur le décès périnatal comme point de jonction temporelle à partir duquel bifurquent le parcours de vie des personnes touchées. L’approche processuelle permet de complexifier l’examen de la fausse couche en introduisant une conception « épaisse » de la temporalité, et d’examiner des phénomènes qui ont été jusqu’ici perçus indépendamment les uns des autres. Des entrevues semi-structurées ont été menées auprès de 48 femmes du Québec ayant vécu une fausse couche précoce. Une analyse thématique a permis de dégager quatre sphères touchées par cette bifurcation : 1. (para)professionnelle ; 2. conjugale ; 3. parentale ; 4. existentielle. L’analyse a permis ainsi de dégager les contours de la bifurcation générée par la fausse couche, en termes d’imprévisibilité, d’irréversibilité et de contagion, et de mettre en lumière les différents enchevêtrements qui sous-tendent cette bifurcation.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Globalization, place and the life course: Local economies and middle-class transition to adulthood in two Israeli cities.
- Author
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Shani, Guy and Bar-Haim, Eyal
- Subjects
- *
ADULTS , *TRANSITION economies , *HOME prices , *GLOBALIZATION , *HOME ownership , *CITY dwellers , *TRANSITION to adulthood - Abstract
This study explores the ramifications of local economic differences on entering adulthood in the context of globalization. The effect of globalization on patterns of entering adulthood is usually perceived as filtered by particularities at the national level and as differentiated mainly by class. However, economic differentiation within the same country at the regional and municipal level is mostly overlooked. To address this gap, the authors compare the achievement of first homeownership among middle-class households in two Israeli cities differing in the concentration of economic sectors and in housing prices. Utilizing in-depth interviews (n = 60 [cases]; n = 106 [interviewees]), the study shows how unstable forms of employment and exponentially rising housing prices in one city, and stable employment accompanied by still affordable housing costs in the other, support non-traditional and traditional patterns of entering adulthood respectively. The authors then analyse the Israeli census to confirm different patterns of entering adulthood among educated residents of the two cities. Thus, the study demonstrates how local economies shape different patterns of entering adulthood within the same country and among members of a similar class, suggesting that the relationship between globalization, class and the life course is also mediated by place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Boomeranging home: understanding why young adults live with parents in Toronto, Canada.
- Author
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Tomaszczyk, Alicia C. and Worth, Nancy
- Subjects
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SOCIAL status , *PARENTS , *FAMILY roles , *SOCIAL structure , *ECONOMIC geography , *YOUNG adults , *EMPLOYMENT forecasting - Abstract
This article examines young adults' experiences of living at home with their parents in the Greater Toronto Area. Although media frequently references co-residence as part of the trope of struggling/lazy millennial adulthood, it has received little academic attention from geographers. Co-residence offers a unique lens to understand some of the vital economic geographies of young adults, especially when set within a context of financial uncertainty, inaccessible housing markets and a job market characterized by precarious work. The research draws on a feminist economic geography framework to understand why millennials (those born between 1980 and 1995) live at home. Analysis of qualitative interviews reveals the key social structures and processes that organize and shape millennials' experiences, including the economy, education and debt, as well as the family, culture and mutual reliance. This research highlights the role families play in the struggle to maintain a middle class social position for their children, providing insight into the complexity of young adults' decisions to co-reside with parents, where motivations of choice and constraint often overlap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Getting People with Serious Mental Illnesses on Track: Insights from the Health-Based Model of Desistance.
- Author
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Link, Nathan W., Ward, Jeffrey T., and Link, Bruce G.
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MENTAL illness , *MENTAL health policy , *MENTAL health , *CRIMINOLOGY - Abstract
Scholarship from the life-course paradigm has produced much evidence on the crime-reducing benefits of turning points such as securing a good job or developing a stable, positive relationship. Building on these insights, recent work has demonstrated the utility of incorporating health into the study of desistance; for various reasons, both mental and physical health statuses have been shown to influence the likelihood of achieving these key life-course milestones. What is less well understood, however, is how mental and physical health may interact with each other and how this model applies to certain salient subgroups in criminal justice, such as those with serious mental illnesses. Importing the mental health–crime literature, we examine both the main and synergistic effects of mental and physical health on employment focus and relationship worry among a sample of persons with serious mental illness (N = 184). Findings from logistic and ordinary least squares regression models reveal that better physical health is associated with improved employment focus and that this effect is moderated by mental health status. In addition, better physical health is associated with a decrease in worry over one's relationships. These findings point to the value of including physical and mental health states in life-course and desistance research, studies of persons with serious mental illnesses, and intervention and policy efforts to improve lives and promote desistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. We Know a Lot, but Not Nearly Enough: Introduction to the CJCCJ Special Issue on Desistance.
- Author
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McCuish, Evan C.
- Subjects
- *
CRIMINAL justice system , *SOCIAL control , *RECIDIVISTS , *CRIMINOLOGISTS , *CRIMINOLOGICAL theory , *VOCATIONAL guidance - Abstract
Desistance is now one of the main criminal career parameters investigated by criminologists. Similarly, practitioners working within the criminal justice system are primarily focused on ways to promote desistance among their clients. However, these two groups typically think about desistance in different ways. Practitioners are often exposed to the idea from correctional psychology that desistance is the absence of recidivism. Criminologists typically consider desistance to be a process that includes recidivism. The purpose of this special issue was to present a criminological viewpoint of desistance. Authors of each article identified an area that they felt was a key or emerging theme in desistance research. This article introduces the topic of desistance, highlights how the articles in this special issue contributed to desistance research and have implications for criminal justice system practices, and ends with a call for future research on the measurement of human agency, structural and historical contexts that influence human agency, and whether human agency moderates the relationship between informal social control and desistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. « Self-Reconstruction » After a Separation.
- Author
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DURET, PASCAL, AUGUSTINI, MURIEL, and LUMINET, MARINE
- Subjects
CUSTODY of children ,SOLITUDE ,VICTIMS - Abstract
Copyright of Enfances, Familles, Generations is the property of Enfances, Familles, Generations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
20. The Perceived Influence of Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence on Youth's Significant Relationships: A Temporal Analysis.
- Author
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LESSARD, GENEVIÈVE, BOURASSA, CHANTAL, ROY, VALÉRIE, DUMONT, ANNIE, BISSON, SOPHIE M., and ALVAREZ-LIZOTTE, PAMELA
- Subjects
INTIMATE partner violence ,YOUTH violence ,LIFE course approach ,MARITAL violence ,SEMI-structured interviews - Abstract
Copyright of Enfances, Familles, Generations is the property of Enfances, Familles, Generations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
21. Le vieillissement chez les aînés gais et lesbiennes: Entre la normalité, l'expression de besoins spécifiques et leur capacité d'agir.
- Author
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BEAUCHAMP, Julie, CHAMBERLAND, Line, and CARBONNEAU, Hélène
- Subjects
LESBIANS ,GAY people ,OLDER people ,SEXUAL orientation ,SOCIAL participation ,OLD age ,ADULTS ,LESBIAN couples - Abstract
Copyright of Nouvelles Pratiques Sociales is the property of Revue Nouvelles Pratiques Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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22. Impact of disability on the transitions to adulthood of men and women in Cameroon.
- Author
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Mouté, Charles, Desgrées du Loû, Annabel, Beninguisse, Gervais, and DeBeaudrap, Pierre
- Abstract
Copyright of ALTER: European Journal of Disability Research, Journal Europeen de Erche sur le Handicap is the property of European Society for Disability Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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23. Réussir dans le crime et réussir à s'en sortir : l'influence de la carrière criminelle sur le processus de désistement.
- Author
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Ouellet, Frédéric, Chouinard, Stéphanie, and Dubois, Marie-Ève
- Subjects
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RECIDIVISTS , *ACHIEVEMENT - Abstract
Many roads lead to criminal desistance and the path taken depends on past experiences. Few studies have examined the link between criminal career and its aftermath, how the events that characterized the criminal lifestyle influence the decision to desist and to maintain this abstinence from crime. Based on the life narratives of individuals involved mainly in lucrative crimes (N = 15), this study aims to reconstruct their life trajectory to study the meaning and dynamics behind the process of stopping and maintaining abstinence from crime. The results identified two distinct paths. They also suggest that subjective experiences and past events affecting the criminal career provides access to a deeper understanding of desistance and challenges of reentry. Findings also highlight the relevance of criminal achievement in the study of the desistance process. It is hoped that the project will foster a better understanding of turning points in criminal careers and the processes that affect continuity and desistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Relations familiales et non-binarité : parcours de vie de jeunes adultes non binaires au Québec.
- Author
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DOUCET, SOPHIE and CHAMBERLAND, LINE
- Subjects
LIFE course approach ,GROUNDED theory ,NONBINARY people ,GENDER identity ,YOUNG adults ,LGBTQ+ families ,SCIENTIFIC literature ,SEXUAL orientation - Abstract
Copyright of Enfances, Familles, Generations is the property of Enfances, Familles, Generations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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25. Le décès périnatal comme bifurcation temporelle : les parcours de vie de femmes après une fausse couche.
- Author
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DE MONTIGNY, FRANCINE, ZEGHICHE, SABRINA, and DE MONTIGNY-GAUTHIER, PASCALE
- Abstract
Copyright of Aporia is the property of University of Ottawa, School of Nursing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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26. Da domesticidade à conciliação num mundo globalizado: perspetiva intergeracional sobre a discriminação das mulheres rurais no Alto Minho.
- Author
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MÚRIAS, CLÁUDIA
- Subjects
EQUALITY ,FAMILY roles ,RURAL women ,SOCIAL networks ,DISCRIMINATION (Sociology) ,INTERGENERATIONAL mobility ,AGE groups - Abstract
Copyright of Configurações is the property of Centro de Investigacao em Ciencias Sociais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
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27. La prise en compte des dimensions temporelles pour l'analyse des liens santé-travail : voyages en diachronie.
- Author
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Hélardot, Valentine, Gaudart, Corinne, and Volkoff, Serge
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. La famille choisie toujours d’actualité ? Vers une diversification des formes de liens familiaux pour les minorités sexuelles et de genre au Québec
- Author
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Chbat, Marianne, Pagé, Geneviève, Côté, Isabel, and Blais, Martin
- Subjects
famille ,life course ,intersectionnalité ,homonormativité ,family ,homonormativity ,parcours de vie ,recherche qualitative ,intersectionality ,exclusion ,qualitative research ,LGBTQ+ - Abstract
Une famille choisie peut se définir comme un ensemble d’individus avec lesquels une personne entretient des relations basées sur la confiance et la solidarité (Weeks, Heaphy et Donovan, 2011). Plus spécifiquement, ces liens se manifestent à travers un soutien matériel ou émotionnel pérenne entre au moins deux individus qui s’accordent mutuellement une place prépondérante dans leur vie respective sans être nécessairement en relation amoureuse ou romantique ou encore sans être liés biologiquement ou légalement (Weston, 1997). Alors que plusieurs minorités sexuelles et de genre n’obtiennent pas toujours une reconnaissance ou un soutien de leur famille dite d’origine ou biologique, la famille choisie revêt une importance particulière pour les personnes LGBTQ+ (Doucet et Chamberland, 2020). En s’appuyant sur des entretiens biographiques menés auprès de 94 personnes ayant participé au projet québécois SAVIE-LGBTQ (CRSH 2016-2023), cet article soulève la place importante qu’occupe encore la famille choisie pour de nombreuses personnes appartenant à la diversité sexuelle et de genre. La famille choisie a été historiquement fondamentale dans les trajectoires de vie de multiples personnes LGBTQ+ qui ont évolué dans un contexte social et légal où elles subissaient de nombreuses discriminations. Cependant, malgré l’inclusion de plus en plus favorable des communautés LGBTQ+ au sein des mœurs québécoises, cette étude révèle que la famille choisie agit encore comme un filet de soutien et de sécurité pour ces personnes, et ce, peu importe leur âge. Cette analyse qualitative abordant les parcours de vie (Elder, 1995) nous permettra de mettre en lumière les façons dont la famille choisie favorise toujours une affirmation identitaire plus positive et assumée pour les personnes LGBTQ+ et la manière dont elle occupe une place particulièrement significative pour les personnes multimarginalisées telles que les personnes LGBTQ+ racisées, migrantes ou encore les personnes trans et les personnes vieillissantes. A chosen family can be defined as a collection of individuals with whom a person maintains relationships based on trust and solidarity (Weeks, Heaphy & Donovan, 2011). More specifically, these links are manifested in particular through lasting material or emotional support between at least two individuals who mutually grant each other a preponderant place in their respective lives without necessarily being in a romantic relationship or even without being biologically linked (Weston, 1997). While many sexual and gender minorities do not always obtain recognition or support from their original or biological family, the chosen family is of particular importance to LGBTQ+ people (Doucet & Chamberland, 2020). Based on biographical interviews conducted with 94 people who participated in the SAVIE-LGBTQ project (SSHRC 2016-2023), this article will highlight the irrevocable place that the chosen family still occupies today for many people who identify themselves as sexual or gender minorities. The chosen family has been historically important in the life trajectories of many LGBTQ+ people who have evolved in a social and legal context where they suffered a lot of discrimination. However, despite the increasingly favorable inclusion of LGBTQ+ communities within Québec customs, the chosen family still acts today as a support and safety net for the majority of people who identify with these communities, regardless of their age. Indeed, the chosen family always seems to meet the emotional and material needs for several sexual and gender minorities. This qualitative analysis approaching the life course (Elder, 1995) as a theoritical framework will allow us to shed light on the ways in which the chosen family still promotes a more positive and assumed identity assertion for LGBTQ+ people and how it occupies a particularly significant place for LGBTQ+ multi-marginalized people such as racialized or migrant LGBTQ+ people or trans people and older people.
- Published
- 2023
29. « Échappatoires de vie » : l’intervention psychosociale par le sport en milieu scolaire
- Author
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Lavoie, Jonatan, McAll, Christropher, and Darchinian, Fahimeh
- Subjects
sport experience ,social relations ,échappatoire ,inégalités sociales ,aspirations ,well-being ,social justice ,opportunity ,school experience ,life course ,learning ,bien-être ,social inequalities ,expérience scolaire ,reconnaissance ,academic success ,psychosocial intervention through sport ,parcours de vie ,opportunité ,apprentissage ,expérience sportive ,inclusion ,justice sociale ,réussite scolaire ,intervention psychosociale par le sport ,escape ,relations sociales ,recognition - Abstract
Ce mémoire porte sur les effets de la participation à un programme d’intervention psychosociale par le sport chez des jeunes à risque d’exclusion, de délinquance et d’abandon scolaire. Plusieurs embûches peuvent compliquer leurs parcours et limiter leurs champs de possibilités: leurs conditions d’existence, certains environnements sociaux, des dynamiques d’exclusion et de ségrégation scolaire. Ils se retrouvent alors dans des établissements scolaires offrant peu de services adaptés et de possibilités de participer à des activités pouvant avoir un impact positif quant à leur réussite et leur bien-être. Pour modérer ces inégalités, la proposition de démocratiser les programmes particuliers en milieu scolaire est sur la table. À partir des discours d'anciens participants à un programme d’une école secondaire, nous avons reconstitué leurs parcours et dégagé des effets de leur expérience. Une approche globale (McAll, Fournier, & Godrie, 2014), l’idée que les personnes puissent tendre vers « une vie qui fait sens » (Sen A. , 2000), un principe de parité de participation (Fraser, 2004) qui vise à atténuer certaines barrières matérielles et sociales et une conception de l’école comme vecteur d’émancipation et de transformation sociale (Freire, 1974; hooks, 1989) ont guidé cette recherche. Les résultats suggèrent que ce programme a offert une échappatoire de vie, un accompagnement scolaire adapté et des opportunités considérables au sein d’un espace inclusif. Un terreau fertile était en place pour le développement d’apprentissages, ainsi que de valeurs qui ont pu être réappropriées, apportant certains effets sur les parcours de vie, tout en contribuant au bien-être des participants, This dissertation examines the effects of participation in a psychosocial intervention program through sport on young people at risk of exclusion, delinquency and school dropout. Several obstacles can complicate their lives and limit their possibilities: their living conditions, certain social environments, and the dynamics of exclusion and school segregation. They then find themselves in schools that offer limited adapted services and opportunities to participate in activities that could have a positive impact on their success and well-being. To moderate these inequalities, the proposal to democratize special programs in schools is on the table. Based on the discourse of former participants in a high school program, we reconstructed their backgrounds and identified effects of their experience. A holistic approach (McAll, Fournier, & Godrie, 2014), the idea that individuals can strive for "a meaningful life" (Sen A. , 2000), a principle of parity of participation (Fraser, 2004) that aims to alleviate certain material and social barriers, and a conception of school as a vehicle for emancipation and social transformation (Freire, 1974; hooks, 1989) guided this research. Findings suggest that this program offered a life escape, appropriate academic support, and considerable opportunities within an inclusive space. A fertile ground was in place for the development of learning and values that could be reappropriated, bringing some effects on life courses, while contributing to the well-being of participants.
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- 2023
30. Nesting self-employment in education, work and family trajectories of Romanian migrant returnees.
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Vlase, Ionela and Croitoru, Alin
- Subjects
- *
SELF-employment , *SOCIALISTS , *NEOLIBERALISM , *SOCIAL classes , *PRIVATIZATION - Abstract
Challenging a biased view towards self-employed returnees as neoliberal selves, as the normalized approach of the migration–development nexus tends to depict them, this article builds an alternative conceptual framework to unpack the variegated experiences of migrant returnees' self-employment trajectories in post-socialist Romania. The authors argue that the overemphasis on the benefits of return migration for origin countries through the skewed focus on the migrants' accrual of human and financial capital and their ostensible entrepreneurial orientation has resulted in disregarding more influential biographical and cultural aspects. Life story interviews with middle-aged participants reveal the complex subjectivities that are co-produced by the habitus formed during communism – as children born and raised within working-class families – neoliberalism's rise during the post-socialist transition, and migration, which altered the pursuit of their life goals. The article documents three distinct self-employment pathways among the interviewed return migrants, suggesting that the subjectivities of the self-employed are not uniformly confined to neoliberal self-understandings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Qui reste à la maison ? Organisation du travail rémunéré et des congés après une naissance au sein des couples bi-actifs en Belgique.
- Author
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WOOD, Jonas and MARYNISSEN, Leen
- Abstract
Copyright of Population (00324663) is the property of Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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32. L'IDENTITÉ PROFESSIONNELLE DES MÉDECINS DE FAMILLE AU QUÉBEC.
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CÔTÉ, Nancy, FLEURY, Charles, and MERCURE, Daniel
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SOCIAL change ,ORGANIZATIONAL change ,PROFESSIONAL identity ,FAMILY medicine ,LABOR market ,PHYSICIANS - Abstract
Copyright of Recherches Sociographiques is the property of Recherches Sociographiques and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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33. Caregiving as Role Transition: Siblings' Experiences and Expectations when Caring for a Brother or Sister with Schizophrenia.
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Dodge, Christopher E. and Smith, André P.
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SIBLINGS ,PSYCHOLOGY of caregivers ,GRIEF ,SCHIZOPHRENIA ,QUALITATIVE research ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,SOCIAL role change - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health is the property of Canadian Periodical for Community Studies Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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34. Transition de l'époque soviétique à la période postsoviétique au prisme de biographies singulières.
- Author
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KUSHTANINA, Veronika
- Abstract
Copyright of Clio. Femmes, Genre, Histoire is the property of Belin Editeur and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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35. Psychiatrisation et transition à l'âge adult e : La perspective des intervenant-e-s.
- Author
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TRUONG, ALEXIS H., NAULT, GENEVIÈVE, and LAROSE-HÉBERT, KATHARINE
- Abstract
Copyright of Aporia is the property of University of Ottawa, School of Nursing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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36. Devenir adulte dans la société chinoise postsocialiste. Une quête de sens au prisme des parcours de vie de jeunes adultes résidant à Beijing
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Constantin, Sandra V.
- Subjects
life course ,youth ,China ,Social Sciences and Humanities ,genre ,gender ,transition vers la vie adulte ,Sciences Humaines et Sociales ,jeunesse ,transition to adulthood ,General Medicine ,parcours de vie ,Chine - Abstract
Cet article explore ce que signifie devenir adulte en Chine à l’épreuve de la transition vers l’économie de marché. Il interroge les représentations attachées aux étapes constitutives de la transition vers la vie adulte en Chine. Les analyses présentées se fondent sur une enquête conduite à Beijing entre 2012 et 2014. Pour saisir objectivement et subjectivement le vécu de la transition vers la vie adulte, nous avons développé un dispositif d’enquête qui repose sur les méthodes mixtes. Le dispositif méthodologique rassemble les récits de vie de 45 jeunes âgés de 19 ans à 36 ans (F = 25 et H = 20) et la reconstitution du parcours de vie de 915 personnes. Les données quantitatives retracent, au moyen d’un calendrier de vie, le cheminement vers la vie adulte de 615 jeunes nés entre 1980 et 1985, âgées de 27 ans à 34 ans (F = 290 et H = 325), et de 300 personnes nées entre 1950 et 1959 (F = 151 et H = 149).L’article est organisé en quatre mouvements : il s’ouvre sur un éclairage par les concepts et une lecture comparative des transformations qui ont marqué la transition vers la vie adulte depuis les années 1980. Après une brève présentation du contexte chinois, la deuxième partie détaille le dispositif méthodologique qui a servi à la collecte des données et sur lesquelles se fondent les analyses. Dans un troisième mouvement, l’article donne à voir qu’en Chine comme ailleurs on observe un allongement de la transition vers la vie adulte. La dernière partie révèle en outre que, contrairement aux pays occidentaux dans lesquels les critères individualistes tels que l’indépendance financière, la prise de décisions indépendantes et le sens des responsabilités sont classés en tête dans le sens donné par les jeunes à la transition vers la vie adulte, en Chine, les jeunes accordent une importance centrale aux rôles et aux responsabilités familiales qui, par ailleurs, nous le verrons, revêtent des conséquences différentes pour les hommes et les femmes., This article explores the meaning of the transition to adulthood in post-socialist China. Based on a mixed methods survey conducted in Beijing between 2012 and 2014, it examines how the transition to adulthood has changed during the Chinese transition to market economy. Qualitative data, 45 in-depth interviews (F=25 and M=20), shed light on how young adults (aged 19-36 years) view adulthood. Quantitative analyses (N= 915) inform on cross cohort variations in the timing of the pathway to adulthood. The transition to adulthood of 615 people born between 1980 and 1985 (F=290 and H=325), and 300 people born between 1950 and 1959 (F=151 and H=149) was reconstructed by the means of a life course matrix.The first part of the article opens with a conceptual discussion and a comparative overview of changes in the transition to adulthood since the 1980s. After having introduced the Chinese context, the second part outlines the methodological design developed to collect the qualitative and quantitative data. The third part of the article highlights a postponement in the timing of the transition to adulthood. The last part of the article reveals that, contrary to Western countries in which individualistic criteria such as financial independence, independent decision-making and a sense of responsibility are ranked first in the meaning given by young people to the transition to adulthood, Chinese young adults give a pivotal importance to family roles and responsibilities. It also uncovers that these roles and responsibilities imply different consequences for men and women’s paths to adulthood.
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- 2022
37. Les défis de la transition à la vie adulte de jeunes en situation de handicap
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Bourdon, Sylvain, Baril, David, Desroches, Isabel, and Lessard, Anne
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life course ,youth ,Social Sciences and Humanities ,social injunctions ,jeunes ,Sciences Humaines et Sociales ,injonctions sociales ,General Medicine ,parcours de vie ,individual responsibility ,engagement ,responsabilité individuelle - Abstract
Les enquêtes populationnelles montrent que les populations dites vulnérables, parmi lesquelles on retrouve les jeunes en situation de handicap, affrontent des circonstances de vie qui compliquent singulièrement la transition vers l’âge adulte et le développement de l’autonomie. Une analyse secondaire de 32 entretiens menés auprès de jeunes en situation de handicap, participant ou ayant participé à une démarche de soutien à la transition de l’école vers la vie active (TEVA), documente les principales dimensions de leur cheminement vers l’autonomie – poursuite ou fin des études et insertion professionnelle; décohabitation parentale et autonomie résidentielle; mobilité et transport; vie amoureuse et projets de parentalité –, l’importance du soutien de leur environnement lors de cette transition et par la suite, ainsi que l’influence du contexte social sur leur rapport au devenir adulte., Populational surveys show that groups considered vulnerable—including young people with disabilities—face life circumstances that greatly complicate both the transition to adulthood and the development of autonomy. Based on a secondary analysis of 32 interviews conducted with such young people during or after their participation in a program designed to facilitate the transition from school to work, this article documents key aspects of the journey towards autonomy: continuing or completing studies and transitioning from school to work; leaving the parental home and achieving residential autonomy; overcoming mobility barriers and meeting transportation needs; pursuing a romantic relationship and planning a family. The analysis highlights the important role of social and family supports during this transition and beyond, as well as the way in which the social context shapes young people’s perceptions of what it means to become an adult.
- Published
- 2022
38. Configurations familiales transnationales et liens intergénérationnels: Les personnes âgées au cœur du care.
- Author
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Bolzman, Claudio
- Abstract
Copyright of Revue des Sciences Sociales is the property of Universite des Sciences Humaines and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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39. Migrations sud-nord et inégalités de genre, expériences de femmes provenant d'Afrique de l'ouest à Montréal
- Author
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Abdoulkarim, Saadatou
- Subjects
- Émigration et immigration, Inégalité de genre, Rapports sociaux de sexe, Racisme, Nord-Sud, Immigrantes, Femmes, Conditions sociales, Parcours de vie, Afrique occidentale, Montréal (Québec)
- Abstract
Cette recherche porte sur les inégalités de genre sous l’angle des migrations Sud/Nord, à travers l’étude des expériences migratoires de 22 femmes ouest-africaines qui se sont installées à Montréal. Le but est d’explorer leurs expériences dans les contextes pré- et post-migratoires en mettant l’accent sur les rapports inégalitaires (race/genre/classe, etc.) qui structurent les contextes sociaux. Sur les plans théorique et analytique, une approche féministe matérialiste, intersectionnelle, postcoloniale et décoloniale a été privilégiée. Une telle approche a notamment permis d’explorer les comportements liés à la division sexuelle du travail dans le cadre familial et les stratégies d’insertion que développent ces femmes sur le marché du travail, apportant ainsi un éclairage sur les effets contextuels et structurels impactant la dynamique croisée des relations de genre, de classe et de « race » en contexte migratoire. L’observation a été guidée par une grille d’analyse à 4 volets thématiques principaux : 1) l’organisation du travail domestique, 2) l’accès à l’autonomie économique, 3) le pouvoir décisionnel et 4) la réalisation de leurs projets de vie. Pour chacun de ces volets, les modalités d’action des femmes ont été identifiées sur les trois temps du processus migratoire : prémigratoire, migratoire et post-migratoire. Dans le domaine de l’organisation du travail domestique, une plus grande charge matérielle et mentale a été relevée chez les participantes dans la période post-migratoire, comparativement à leurs expériences en Afrique de l’Ouest. Par ailleurs, au Sud comme au Nord, l’assignation essentialiste du travail domestique aux femmes ressort comme un facteur clé de la division genrée inégalitaire du travail au détriment des femmes. En outre, les participantes rencontrent sur le marché du travail montréalais des contraintes systémiques diverses qui varient selon leur niveau d’instruction. Le fait que les hommes non plus n’aient pas accès aux emplois affecte par ricochet les femmes. Ainsi, on observe une plus grande charge financière pour certaines participantes du fait que leur conjoint a également un revenu faible ou nul sur une période plus ou moins longue. L’absence durable d’un revenu familial stable maintient leur précarité, qui était moins importante pour la majorité des participantes en Afrique, compte tenu notamment de leur position sociale relativement favorisée comparativement à la majorité de la population et des réseaux d’entraide sur lesquels elles pouvaient compter pour alléger leurs tâches domestiques et ménagères. Les contraintes relatives à la discrimination systémique et aux pratiques racistes dans le domaine professionnel sont multiformes et comprennent des micro-agressions, des discriminations directes et des barrières à l’accès et au maintien en emploi qui débouchent sur leur déqualification professionnelle et leur relégation aux emplois subalternes de l’économie. Certaines participantes réagissent à ces obstacles en démissionnant de leur emploi ou en quittant leur formation. Leurs projets de vie se transforment et sont, par la force des choses, adaptés aux nouvelles réalités. Tant dans leur société de départ qu’à Montréal, l’accès au pouvoir décisionnel est fortement conditionné par les rapports sociaux de pouvoir en présence, faisant des acteurs/actrices des groupes dominant.e.s celles et ceux qui influencent directement ou indirectement les décisions et les choix de vie de ces femmes ainsi que la production de règles formelles et informelles qui régissent l’organisation des sociétés. _____________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : femmes, féminisme, migrations, Sud global, Nord global, postcolonial, décoloniale, inégalité de genre, rapports sociaux de sexe, racisme, intersectionnalité, néocolonialisme, Afrique de l’Ouest, Montréal
- Published
- 2023
40. Exposition à la violence conjugale : regards de jeunes adultes sur leur parcours de vie
- Author
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Dumont, Annie and Lessard, Geneviève
- Subjects
young adults ,life course ,Social Sciences and Humanities ,exposure to violence in childhood ,violence conjugale ,jeunes adultes ,intimate partner violence ,agency ,exposition à la violence dans l’enfance ,agentivité ,Sciences Humaines et Sociales ,General Medicine ,parcours de vie - Abstract
Selon des études populationnelles, de 14 % à 19 % des jeunes adultes nord-américains sont susceptibles d’avoir été exposés, dans leur enfance, à de la violence conjugale chez leurs parents. Cette violence et les conséquences qui en découlent peuvent avoir une influence importante sur les autres trajectoires du parcours de vie des jeunes adultes, mais elles peuvent également être modulées par les autres expériences qui jalonnent ce parcours. La présente étude cherche à en savoir davantage sur les liens entre l’expérience d’exposition à la violence conjugale et les autres expériences présentent dans le parcours de vie des jeunes. Pour ce faire, l’étude s’appuie sur un devis qualitatif. Des entrevues semi-dirigées ont été menées auprès de 35 jeunes adultes âgés de 18 à 25 ans et ayant été exposés à la violence conjugale dans leur enfance ou leur adolescence. La collecte de données était appuyée par une adaptation qualitative du calendrier historique de vie. L’analyse des données montre la superposition des différentes trajectoires qui constituent le parcours de vie des jeunes rencontrés, mais aussi la place importante de leur agentivité dans la façon dont les différentes expériences s’interinfluencent. En conclusion, lorsqu’on s’intéresse à l’exposition à la violence conjugale, il faut également s’intéresser au contexte de vie de l’individu exposé, tout autant qu’au sens que cet individu donne aux expériences vécues et aux actions qu’il choisit de poser., Population surveys involving North American youth suggest that between 14% and 19% of young people are likely to have been exposed to intimate partner violence during childhood. Such violence and its aftermath can have a significant impact on the life course trajectories of young adults, although this impact can also be tempered or aggravated by other life experiences. Based on semi-structured interviews with 35 young adults between the ages of 18 and 25 who were exposed to intimate partner violence in childhood or adolescence, this qualitative study aims to learn more about the connections between such exposure and other life course experiences. An adapted Life History Calendar was used during data collection. In addition to highlighting the superposition of study participants’ life course trajectories, analysis of the data also demonstrates the importance of agency in determining how these trajectories influence each other. Studies on exposure to intimate partner violence therefore need to consider not only the life contexts of the young people involved, but also the meaning these individuals ascribe to their experiences and to the actions they decide to take.
- Published
- 2022
41. Why are health and sickness socially patterned across human societies? The embodiment dynamic over the life course
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Michelle Kelly-Irving
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,life course ,Archeology ,Anthropology ,inégalités sociales de santé ,épidémiologie sociale ,incorporation ,health inequalities ,parcours de vie ,social epidemiology ,embodiment - Abstract
Cet article est basé sur une conférence plénière lors du congrès de la Société d’Anthropologie de Paris en 2021. Il porte sur des recherches issues du domaine de l’épidémiologie sociale, abordant spécifiquement la question des inégalités sociales de santé. La distribution inégale de la santé entre les groupes socio-structurels de la population n’est pas un phénomène nouveau et reste un problème persistant de santé publique. Comprendre comment les inégalités sociales sont liées aux inégalités de santé, comment les processus et les mécanismes opèrent au cours de la vie pour former les inégalités de santé, requiert d’un travail interdisciplinaire qui réunit les sciences sociales et biomédicales. Dans cet article, je présente les travaux théoriques et empiriques récents qui visent à comprendre comment "le social devient biologique", à travers une dynamique d’incorporation qui conduit, au moins en partie, à des gradients sociaux et socio-économiques dans de nombreux états de santé. This paper is based on a keynote address at the Société d’Anthropologie de Paris conference in 2021. It refers to research stemming from the field of social epidemiology, specifically addressing the issue of health inequalities. The unequal distribution of health across social-structural groups in the population is nothing new, and continues to be a persistent problem in public health. Understanding how social inequalities relate to health inequalities, how processes and mechanisms operate over the life course to create health inequalities, is an interdisciplinary endeavour that combines the social and biomedical sciences. In this paper I outline recent theoretical and empirical work that aims to unravel how 'the social becomes biological' through the embodiment dynamic, leading, at least in part, to social and socioeconomic gradients in many health outcomes.
- Published
- 2023
42. Troubles mentaux et carrières criminelles : une étude sur la violence au sein de parcours atypiques
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Nouvian, Arthur, Ouellet, Frédéric, and Geoffrion, Steve
- Subjects
violence ,abus de substances ,trajectoires ,calendriers d’histoire de vie ,Life-course ,Sever mental disorders ,Life history calendar ,carrière criminelle ,parcours de vie ,Substance use ,Criminal career ,Troubles mentaux graves ,Trajectories - Abstract
La relation entre troubles mentaux graves et violence criminelle, bien qu’étant la cible de nombreuses recherches, n’est, à l’heure actuelle, pas totalement établie. Ainsi, en explorant la piste d’une tierce partie – à savoir la présence d’un trouble d’abus ou de dépendance à une substance psychoactive – la présente étude vise à améliorer la compréhension du processus de passage à l’acte violent au sein des carrières criminelles des personnes atteintes de troubles psychiatriques. Sur la base des récits narratifs de neuf usagés d’un service de psychiatrie légale présentant un parcours de violence, les données récoltées ont pour objectif d’explorer la carrière criminelle des contrevenants atteints de troubles mentaux graves. Ainsi, il s’agit d’approfondir le sens que représentent leurs actes, de comprendre l’implication des substances psychotropes au sein de cette dynamique en déterminant l’enchaînement des éléments entrant en interaction, et de supposer quelles dimensions sont les plus à risques quant au passage à l’acte violent. La première contribution, comme d’autres avant nous, est de faire état d’un lien entre l’abus de substances psychoactives et la perpétration d’actes criminels, notamment violents, au sein des carrières criminelles des personnes présentant des troubles mentaux graves. Deuxièmement, l’identification des facteurs de risques et de facilitateurs cliniques, contextuels, historiques et relationnels nous ont permis de constater que le processus du passage à l’acte criminel va plus loin que l’interaction des troubles mentaux graves et de l’abus de substances. Troisièmement, l’approche qualitative de l’étude des carrières criminelles, trop peu utilisée dans les précédentes recherches portant sur le sujet, a permis d’étayer et de nuancer le modèle typologique de Hodgins et coll. (1998) présentant le parcours de vie des criminels atteints de troubles mentaux graves. Finalement, cette recherche permet d’orienter le développement de programmes d’interventions visant la réinsertion au sein des structures médico-légales., The relationship between severe mental illness and criminal violence is strongly studied in the field. However, the link between these two elements is still misunderstood. In fact, this study aims to improve the understanding of violence emergence in psychiatric population’s criminal career by exploring the interaction of substance abuse disorder. The data collected in this study come from self-narrative stories of 9 participants who frequent a forensic psychiatry structure. These data intend to explore the criminal career of people with severe mental illness, deepen the meaning of their actions, understand the involvement of substance use in this dynamic by ascertain the interactional elements’ sequence and find which dimensions are more likely to produce violent acts. Like many before, the first contribution of this research project is, to establish a link between violent criminal actions and substance use in psychiatric population. Secondly, it appears that the outbreak of criminal behavior goes farther than this interaction between substance uses and severe mental illness. Indeed, the method used in this project allowed us to identified risk factors and clinical, contextual, historical, and relational facilitators leading to violent crimes. Third, the qualitative approach, less used in this research field, enable to support and qualify the typological model of Hodgins et al. (1989), presenting the life course of criminals with severe mental disorders. In the end, this study helps guide the development of intervention programs, for reintegration, into forensic psychiatry structure.
- Published
- 2023
43. Estrategias familiares y acceso a derechos en un contexto migratorio
- Author
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Delcroix, Catherine, Le Gall, Josiane, and Pape, Elise
- Subjects
enfoque etnográfico ,famille transnationale ,curso de vida ,migration ,approche ethnographique ,transmisión intergeneracional ,approche socio-juridique ,cambio de estatus migratorio ,changement de statut migratoire ,agentividad ,transnational family ,politique migratoire ,life course ,identity building ,Migración ,enfoque socio-jurídico ,ethnographic approaches ,parcours de vie ,políticas migratorias ,familia transnacional ,intergenerational transmission ,agency ,agentivité ,socio-legal analysis ,migration policy ,transmission intergénérationnelle ,change of migratory status - Abstract
Objectifs : Ce numéro de revue a pour objectif d’étudier la manière dont « faire famille » influence l’accès aux droits et l’insertion de familles migrantes en Europe (France, Allemagne), en Amérique du Nord (Québec) et à Djibouti, depuis le Yémen, la Syrie, la Tunisie, le Mozambique ou le Brésil. De même, et réciproquement, il s’intéresse à l’impact du droit sur les expériences familiales en contexte migratoire. Méthodologie : L’approche par l’observation ethnographique, par le recueil croisé de récits de vie et la reconstitution des contextes de vie de ces migrant-e-s (dans le respect de leurs paroles et de leur anonymat) permet de découvrir parfois de manière contre-intuitive les effets des politiques dans leur vie. Résultats : Il arrive souvent qu’au sein d’une même famille migrante les statuts juridiques de ses membres soient différents, et donc leurs droits à être ou non régularisés. Il en découle un travail important que ces familles - et plus largement, des groupes entiers de migrant-e-s - doivent mener en termes d’information pour l’accès aux droits de séjour, de travail, d’accès à la scolarité pour leurs enfants, à la santé, à la nationalité, etc. Rien ne leur est garanti a priori. Conclusions : Nous pouvons imaginer combien les migrations se poursuivront à l’aune des changements climatiques et des troubles politiques jamais interrompus à travers l’histoire. Gageons que l’approche par l’évaluation des politiques ou de leur absence, faite par les personnes concernées, sera de plus en plus nécessaire à l’avenir. Contribution : Ce numéro thématique de la revue Enfances Familles Générations met en évidence à partir d’une approche historique et comparative l’impact de la légitimité à faire partie de la communauté nationale où ces hommes et ces femmes ont migré (Destremau, 2022)., Objectives : The aim of this issue of the journal is to study the way in which "making a family" influences access to rights and the integration of migrant families in Europe (France, Germany), North America (Quebec) and Djibouti, from Yemen, Syria, Tunisia, Mozambique or Brazil. Similarly, and reciprocally, he is interested in the impact of law on family experiences in a migratory context. Methodology : The ethnographic observation approach, through the cross-referenced collection of life stories and the reconstruction of the life contexts of these migrants (while respecting their words and their anonymity) makes it possible to discover, sometimes in a counter-intuitive way, the effects of the policies on their lives. Results : It often happens that within the same migrant family the legal status of its members is different, and therefore their rights to be regularised or not. As a result, these families - and more broadly, entire groups of migrants - have to carry out important work in terms of information for access to residence rights, work, access to schooling for their children, health, nationality, etc. Nothing is guaranteed a priori. Nothing is guaranteed a priori. Conclusion : We can imagine how much migration will continue in the face of climate change and political unrest throughout history. It is likely that a policy evaluation approach, or lack thereof, by those affected, will be increasingly necessary in the future. Contribution : This thematic issue of the journal Enfances Familles Générations highlights, from a historical and comparative approach, the impact of the legitimacy of being part of the national community to which these men and women have migrated (Destremau, 2022)., Objectivos : El objetivo de este número de la revista es estudiar el modo en que "hacer familia" influye en el acceso a los derechos y la integración de las familias migrantes en Europa (Francia, Alemania), América del Norte (Quebec) y Yibuti, procedentes de Yemen, Siria, Túnez, Mozambique o Brasil. Asimismo, y de forma recíproca, se interesa por el impacto del derecho en las experiencias familiares en un contexto migratorio. Metodoligía : El enfoque de observación etnográfica, a través de la recopilación cruzada de historias de vida y la reconstitución de los contextos vitales de estos migrantes (respetando sus palabras y su anonimato), permite descubrir, a veces de forma contraintuitiva, los efectos de las políticas en sus vidas. Resultados : A menudo ocurre que dentro de una misma familia de inmigrantes el estatus legal de sus miembros es diferente, y por tanto sus derechos a ser regularizados o no. En consecuencia, estas familias -y más ampliamente, grupos enteros de inmigrantes- tienen que realizar un importante trabajo de información para acceder a los derechos de residencia, al trabajo, al acceso a la escolarización de sus hijos, a la salud, a la nacionalidad, etc. Nada está garantizado a priori. Nada está garantizado a priori. Conclusions : Podemos imaginar la cantidad de migraciones que continuarán ante el cambio climático y los disturbios políticos a lo largo de la historia. Es probable que en el futuro sea cada vez más necesario un enfoque de evaluación de las políticas, o la ausencia de ellas, por parte de los afectados. Contribución : Este número temático de la revista Enfances Familles Générations destaca, desde un enfoque histórico y comparativo, el impacto de la legitimidad para formar parte de la comunidad nacional a la que han emigrado estos hombres y mujeres (Destremau, 2022).
- Published
- 2023
44. Au long des parcours migratoires, jouer avec les statuts juridiques, recomposer les identités
- Author
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Pernot, Morgann Barbara
- Subjects
statut juridique ,famille ,life course ,familia ,Yémen ,family ,Yemen ,generación ,estatus jurídico ,parcours de vie ,migration ,Yibuti ,legal status ,migración ,genre ,generation ,gender ,Djibouti ,trayecto de vida ,génération ,género - Abstract
Cadre de la recherche : Depuis 2015 et l’entrée du Yémen en guerre, les migrations de travail d’hommes yéménites vers Djibouti laissent place à des migrations pluricausales, et notamment familiales. Cette pluralité des parcours migratoires s’accompagne d’une diversification des statuts juridiques dans ces familles. Objectifs : En s’intéressant à des parcours migratoires de femmes et d’hommes sur plusieurs générations, avant et après la guerre, cet article vise à comprendre comment se construisent les relations des migrants aux statuts juridiques. Il a aussi pour objectif d’étudier les effets identitaires de ces différences de statut. Méthodologie : L’article se fonde sur l’étude de parcours migratoires collectés dans le cadre d’une ethnographie d’une durée totale de six mois. Elle a été menée à Djibouti auprès de plusieurs familles yéménites. L’autrice y a réalisé de la « participation observante », a conduit des entretiens et a recueilli des récits de vie. Résultats : Les parcours migratoires de générations de commerçants yéménites à Djibouti ont longtemps interrogé les statuts de travailleur étranger et de national djiboutien, ce qu’ils impliquent sur les plans matériel et identitaire et disent du contexte politique de l’époque. Les nouveaux parcours migratoires des familles de commerçants conduisent au déploiement d’une stratégie de diversification et de cumulation des statuts juridiques, avec notamment l’accès au statut de réfugié, ainsi qu’à une cristallisation de l’identité yéménite. Conclusions : Tantôt stratégiques, tantôt identitaires, les relations qu’entretiennent les familles migrantes avec les statuts juridiques manifestent leur capacité d’agir face aux États et aux contextes politiques, sociaux et économiques. Contribution : S’appuyant sur l’étude d’un cas original, cet article contribue à la compréhension des transformations des parcours migratoires en fonction du genre et des générations, à l’enrichissement de la connaissance des stratégies migratoires et de leurs implications identitaires. Research Framework: Since 2015 and Yemen’s entry into the war, labour migration of Yemeni men to Djibouti has given way to multicausal migrations, particularly family migrations. This plurality of migratory paths is accompanied by a diversification of legal statuses within these families. Objectives: By looking at the migratory trajectories of women and men over several generations, before and after the war, this article aims to understand how migrants’ relationships to legal status are constructed. It also aims to study the identity effects of these differences in status. Methodology: The article is based on the study of migration trajectories collected during a six-month ethnography. It was conducted in Djibouti with several Yemeni families. The author carried out “observational participation”, conducted interviews and collected life stories. Results: The migration trajectories of successive generations of Yemeni traders in Djibouti have long questioned the status of foreign workers and Djiboutian national, in terms of their material and identity implications, and the political context of the time. The new migratory trajectories of traders’ families lead to the deployment of a diversification’s strategy and accumulation of legal statuses – including access to refugee status – as well as a crystallization of the Yemeni identity. Conclusions: Both strategic and identity-based, the relationships that migrant families maintain with legal status demonstrate their ability to act in the face of states, and political, social and economic contexts. Contribution: Based on an original case study, this article contributes to the understanding of the transformations of migratory trajectories according to gender and generations, and to the enrichment of the knowledge of migratory strategies and their identity implications. Marco de la investigación: Desde 2015 y el inicio de la guerra en Yemen, las migraciones laborales de hombres yemenitas hacia Yibuti transforman poco a poco en migraciones familiares. Esa diversidad de procesos migratorios coincide con la diversidad de estatus jurídicos para estas familias. Objetivos: A partir de un interés por los recorridos migratorios de hombres y mujeres a través varias generaciones, antes y después de la guerra, este artículo busca entender cómo se construyen las relaciones de los migrantes con los estatus jurídicos. Se propone estudiar también los efectos identitarios a causa de esas diferencias de estatus. Metodología: El artículo tiene como base el estudio de recorridos migratorios recogidos mediante una etnografía de seis meses, llevada a cabo en Yibuti junto a varias familias yemenitas. La autora observó, interrogó y recogió testimonios de vida. Resultados: Los recorridos migratorios de generaciones de comerciantes yemenitas en Yibuti pusieron de relieve el problema del estatus de trabajador extranjero y el de los trabajadores yibutianos. Lo que implica al nivel material e identitario y lo que muestra del contexto político de la época. Los nuevos recorridos migratorios de familias de comerciantes crean estrategias de diversificación y acumulación de estatus jurídicos. Sobre todo con la posibilidad de obtener el estatuto de refugiado y la afirmación de la identidad yemenita, entre otras cosas. Conclusiones: Ya sean estratégicas o identitarias, las relaciones que mantienen las familias de migrantes con los estatus jurídicos demuestran sus capacidades en actuar frente a los Estados y frente al contexto político, social y económico. Contribuciones: Basándose en un estudio de caso original, este artículo contribuye a la comprensión de las transformaciones de los recorridos migratorios en función del género y de las generaciones. También permite ampliar los conocimientos sobre las estrategias migratorias y sus consecuencias sobre las identidades.
- Published
- 2023
45. L’intermédiation culturelle internationale
- Author
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Perrenoud, Marc, Christe, Carole, Cler, Marylou, and Torres, Roberto
- Subjects
import-export de conventions ,life course ,mondes de l’art ,capital internacional ,intermediarios ,parcours de vie ,mundos del arte ,intermediaries ,importación-exportación de convenciones ,curso de la vida ,capital international ,intermédiaires ,import-export of conventions ,art worlds ,international capital - Abstract
Cet article croise plusieurs recherches ethnographiques en cours pour analyser trois cas d’entrepreneurs de culture, à la fois artistes et intermédiaires sur des marchés internationaux du travail artistique, avec des fonctions de gatekeepers. En examinant à la fois les caractéristiques sociales et les parcours de vie de nos trois enquêtés, nous montrons comment ils ont, chacun à leur manière, développé des dispositions pour l’entrepreneuriat culturel, et grandement influé sur les conventions qui régissent les mondes de l’art. Mondes dans lesquels ils circulent et qu’ils contribuent à transformer en matière d’organisation, d’esthétique ou encore de styles de vie. This paper crosses several ongoing ethnographic studies to analyze three cases of cultural entrepreneurs who are both artists and intermediaries in international art labor markets with gatekeeper functions. By examining both the social properties and the life paths of our three individual cases, we show how they have, each in their own way, developed dispositions to cultural entrepreneurship and greatly influenced the conventions of the art worlds in which they circulate and which they contribute to transforming in terms of organization, aesthetics or even lifestyles. Este artículo cruza varias investigaciones etnográficas en curso para analizar tres casos de empresarios culturales, tanto artistas como intermediarios en los mercados laborales internacionales del arte, con funciones de gatekeeper. Al examinar tanto las propiedades sociales como las trayectorias vitales de nuestros tres entrevistados, mostramos cómo han desarrollado, cada uno a su manera, disposiciones para el emprendimiento cultural y han influido en gran medida en las convenciones de los mundos artísticos en los que circulan y que contribuyen a transformar en términos de organización, estética o incluso estilos de vida.
- Published
- 2023
46. Cette fois, c'est décidé, je deviens libraire !
- Author
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Rimaud, Mathilde and Rimaud, Mathilde
- Subjects
librairie ,[SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,création ,parcours de vie ,reprise ,[SHS.INFO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences - Abstract
Particulièrement exposé médiatiquement au moment du confinement dû au Covid, le métier de libraire a suscité de nombreuses vocations, comme en témoigne la recrudescence des créations/reprises depuis 2019. Auteure d’une étude sur ce phénomène, Mathilde Rimaud décrypte ici les profils de ces « néo-libraires » et de leurs librairies.
- Published
- 2023
47. Coping strategies of disabled people facing barriers to their participation in education, vocational training and employment
- Author
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Trezzini, Bruno, Schüpbach, Sabrina, Schuller, Victoria, and Bickenbach, Jerome
- Subjects
barrières ,Life Course ,Agency ,stratégies d’adaptation ,Coping Strategies ,Participation ,agentivité ,recherche qualitative ,parcours de vie ,Barriers ,Qualitative Research - Abstract
In 2014, Switzerland ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which establishes as one of its guiding principles the full and effective participation and inclusion of persons with disabilities in society. The present study examines the lived experience and agency of disabled people living in Switzerland with regard to the coping strategies they resorted to in response to barriers to their participation in life domains such as education, vocational training and employment. Twenty-six people representing four impairment groups (mobility, visual, psychosocial, intellectual and developmental difficulties) and three age cohorts (born around 1950, 1970 or 1990) participated in semi-structured life course interviews. The narratives show how people have dealt with the structural constraints on their participation in different ways and according to their individual circumstances. However, the coping strategies identified can broadly be assigned to three general types (adapting, avoiding, and confronting), which represent different forms of agency with varying prospects for dismantling structural constraints. The paper discusses theoretical and practical implications with regard to overcoming structural constraints and improving the agency and freedom of choice of people with disabilities. En 2014, la Suisse a ratifié la Convention des Nations Unies relative aux droits des personnes handicapées, qui établit comme l’un de ses principes directeurs la participation et l’intégration pleines et effectives des personnes handicapées dans la société. La présente étude examine l’expérience vécue et l’agentivité des personnes handicapées vivant en Suisse en ce qui concerne les stratégies d’adaptation auxquelles elles ont eu recours en réponse aux obstacles à leur participation dans des domaines de la vie tels que l’éducation, la formation professionnelle et l’emploi. Vingt-six personnes représentant quatre groupes de handicaps (mobilité, visuel, psychosocial, intellectuel et développemental) et trois cohortes d’âge (nées vers 1950, 1970 ou 1990) ont participé à des entretiens semi-structurés sur le parcours de vie. Les récits montrent comment les individus ont fait face aux contraintes structurelles de leur participation de différentes manières et en fonction de leur situation individuelle. Toutefois, les stratégies d’adaptation identifiées peuvent être classées en trois grands types (adaptation, évitement et confrontation), qui représentent différentes formes d’agentivité avec des perspectives différentes de démantèlement des contraintes structurelles. L’article examine les implications théoriques et pratiques en ce qui concerne la maîtrise des contraintes structurelles et l’amélioration de l’agentivité et de la liberté de choix des personnes handicapées.
- Published
- 2022
48. Expériences de scolarisation de jeunes adultes en situation de handicap : qu’en disent ces premier.e.s expert.e.s ?
- Author
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Vanessa Bacquelé and Jennifer Fournier
- Subjects
life course ,schooling ,récits biographiques ,barriers ,personnes en situation de handicap ,facilitators ,facilitateurs ,parcours de vie ,scolarisation ,biographical accounts ,obstacles ,people with disabilities - Abstract
La loi du 11 février 2005 et la Convention relative aux droits des personnes handicapées (ONU, 2006) promeuvent une scolarisation inclusive pour tous les enfants et adolescents en situation de handicap. Si les statistiques montrent un accroissement du nombre d’enfants en situation de handicap scolarisés en France, d’autres travaux font état de difficultés persistantes. Prenant appui sur les récits biographiques de quatre jeunes personnes en situation de handicap relatifs à leurs parcours scolaire et d’insertion professionnelle, l’article met en lumière à la fois les étapes de ces itinéraires, les ressources et obstacles communément mentionnés ainsi qu’un élément-clé pour chacun des parcours servant de fil conducteur au récit. Si la voix des expert.e.s de l’intérieur est peu prise en compte dans les recherches qui s’intéressent à la scolarisation des enfants en situation de handicap, leur apport est pourtant indispensable pour comprendre et agir en faveur d’une société plus inclusive. The french law of 11 February 2005 and the Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (UN, 2006) promote inclusive schooling for all children and teenagers with disabilities. Although statistics show an increasing number of children with disabilities attending schools in France, other studies demonstrate persistent difficulties. Based on the biographical accounts of four young people with disabilities regarding their educational and professional integration pathways, the article highlights the stages of these pathways, the resources and barriers commonly mentioned, as well as a key element for each pathway that serves as a common thread in the narrative. Although the voice of experts from the inside is rarely taken into account in research on schooling of children with disabilities, their contribution is essential to understand and act in favour of a more inclusive society.
- Published
- 2022
49. Revisiting individualization: The transitions to marriage and motherhood in Chile1.
- Author
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Yopo Díaz, Martina
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL norms , *WOMEN , *LIFE course approach , *PORTFOLIO diversification , *SOCIAL structure , *SOCIAL change - Abstract
The life course of Chilean women has experienced profound transformations in the past decades. It has been argued that transitions to marriage and motherhood are being postponed as they are experienced by women at an older age and are becoming events that characterize an increasingly smaller part of the female population. These changes have been often interpreted as part of a process of individualization that would have reconfigured the cultural norms and social practices regarding gender roles and family formation in Chilean society. Nevertheless, the prevalence and diversification of the practices and norms that shape the transitions to marriage and motherhood at an empirical level remain unexplored. This article aims to assess the individualization of the life course of women in Chile by empirically analysing the destandardization of the practices and norms that shape the transitions to marriage and motherhood. By analysing data from the Encuesta Nacional Bicentenario Universidad Católica – Adimark (2009), it demonstrates that changes in the prevalence of the transitions to marriage and motherhood and the diversification of the practices and norms that shape their timing are ambivalent regarding destandardization. These results suggest that the life course of women in Chile is becoming individualized to some extent, but that this trend of cultural and social change is not consistent and uniform, but rather partial and fragmented, non-linear, and significantly conditioned by the social structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Dynamics of Permanent Exit from Welfare in Ontario, Canada: Duration Dependence and Heterogeneity.
- Author
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Shibuya, Kumiko
- Subjects
- *
LIFE course approach , *SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) , *FRAGILITY (Psychology) , *SOCIAL policy , *HETEROGENEITY ,SOCIAL aspects - Abstract
Monthly administrative data on welfare recipients in Ontario, Canada, are used to examine the propensity to leave welfare permanently with time spent on welfare. Nonparametric hazard models with parametric and nonparametric frailty assumptions are used to control for the effects of individual, family, community, and labour market factors as well as for unobserved population heterogeneity. The pattern of declining hazards with time, which is consistent with the duration dependency hypothesis, is most prominent among single childless men but less clearly evident among single mothers and single childless women. Policy implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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