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At present, the detection of surface defects of paper-plastic composite bags still mainly depends on manual visual inspection, which is very inefficient and easy to cause false detection. Based on the algorithm which combines edge detection and adaptive region growth, binary images of the surface defect areas is extracted, six types of shape features and seven types of invariant moment features are defined by calculation as the basis to complete the effective extraction of the surface features, then a paper-plastic composite bags surface defect detection platform is built to complete the defect detection experiment, the defect screening experiment was completed by the rapid screening method of its surface defect image based on gradient projection difference. At the same time, based on Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization, and Grey Wolf Optimization, parameter optimization models of Support Vector Machine were established, respectively. Through experimental comparison, some results show that the defect detection and classification accuracy rate reach 96.83% based on the GA, and the detection speed with the screening method is 3.75 times faster than that without the screening method. Therefore, the reliability of the image classification and screening method for bags surface defects proposed in this study is verified. more...