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Introduction: Changes in the tear through and infraorbital region are one of the first recognizable signs of aging. These are common complaints in aesthetic medicine and there are many treatment options available. With this in mind, the purpose of this study is to perform a literature review to describe the anatomy and changes in the infraorbital region due to aging and present the main therapeutic options for each case. Materials and methods: A simple literature review was performed in the databases: Pubmed, Scielo, Web of Sciences, using the descriptors: Tear trough, Infraorbital, Dark-circles, Lower-Eyelid, Hyperpigmentation and Midface, treatment, therapeutics with their corresponding terms in English and Portuguese. Results: Fillers, collagen biostimulators, lasers, radiofrequency devices, microagulants, chemical peels, cosmeceuticals and botulinum toxin are available non-surgical treatment options discussed in the literature, it was found to significantly improve and rejuvenate the infraorbital region. Conclusion: A thorough understanding of the anatomy and changes that occur with aging are of utmost importance in evaluating the infraorbital region to determine appropriate treatment options as a way to achieve optimal rejuvenation. Introducción: Changes in the tear through and infraorbital region are one of the first recognizable signs of aging. These are common complaints in aesthetic medicine and there are many treatment options available. With this in mind, the purpose of this study is to perform a literature review to describe the anatomy and changes in the infraorbital region due to aging and present the main therapeutic options for each case. Materials and methods: A simple literature review was performed in the databases: Pubmed, Scielo, Web of Sciences, using the descriptors: Tear trough, Infraorbital, Dark-circles, Lower-Eyelid, Hyperpigmentation and Midface, treatment, therapeutics with their corresponding terms in English and Portuguese. Results: Fillers, collagen biostimulators, lasers, radiofrequency devices, microagulants, chemical peels, cosmeceuticals and botulinum toxin are available non-surgical treatment options discussed in the literature, it was found to significantly improve and rejuvenate the infraorbital region. Conclusion: A thorough understanding of the anatomy and changes that occur with aging are of utmost importance in evaluating the infraorbital region to determine appropriate treatment options as a way to achieve optimal rejuvenation. Introdução: As alterações do tear through e da região infraorbital são um dos primeiros sinais reconhecíveis de envelhecimento. Estas são queixas comuns comum na medicina estética e há muitas opções de tratamento disponíveis. Tendo isso em vista, o objetivo do presente estudo é realizar uma revisão de literatura para descrever a anatomia e as alterações da região infraorbital decorrentes do envelhecimento e apresentar as principais opções terapêuticas para cada caso. Materiais e métodos: Uma revisão simples de literatura foi realizada nas bases de dados: Pubmed, Scielo, Web of Sciences, usando os descritores: Tear trough , Infra-orbital, Dark-circles, Lower-Eyelid, Hyperpigmentation e Midface, treatment, therapeutics com seus termos correspondentes em inglês e português. Resultados: Preenchimentos, bioestimuladores de colágeno, lasers, dispositivos de radiofrequência, microagulhamento, peelings químicos, cosmecêuticos e toxina botulínica são opções de tratamento não cirúrgico disponíveis discutidas na literatura, constatou-se que melhora e rejuvenesce significativamente a região infraorbital. Conclusão: A compreensão completa da anatomia e das alterações que ocorrem com o envelhecimento são de extrema importância na avaliação da região infraorbital para determinar as opções de tratamento adequadas como uma forma de alcançar um rejuvenescimento ideal.

Introduction: Most cases of lower eyelid reconstruction are due to defects resulting from resection of skin malignancies. The principles of eyelid reconstruction have been established, but it remains challenging to achieve good functional and aesthetic reconstruction. Material and Methods: Knowing the principles of eyelid reconstruction as well as of the basic anatomy is crucial when approaching the repair of eyelid defects. The eyelid may be divided into two lamellae: the anterior lamella includes the skin and the orbicularis muscle while the posterior lamella includes the tarsus and the conjunctiva. Results: For reconstructive purposes the eyelid reconstruction may be divided into two main groups: (1) partial thickness defects with intact margin and (2) full-thickness defects involving the eyelid margin. Surgical closure techniques to reconstruct the anterior lamella include advancement or rotation myocutaneous flaps or full-thickness skin grafts. A graft is necessary to reconstruct the posterior lamella. Both of these lamellae must be replaced in the repair of full-thickness defects in order to restore their function. The algorithms to repair the full-thickness marginal defects are classified into: small (up to 30% of the horizontal dimension of the lid margin), medium (30%-50%), and large (upper than 50%). A small defect can usually be repaired by primary closure. In case of need, the lateral eyelid margin can be mobilized 3 to 5 mm by performing an inferior or superior cantholysis. To repair a moderately sized defect, a skin flap can be performed. For large defects, the surgeon must reconstruct the posterior lamella and rely on a combination of the previously used lower eyelid repair techniques. The authors review the methodology of reconstruction of lower eyelid defects illustrating with clinical cases from their experience. Conclusion: There are several procedures available to restore the natural eyelid contour. The appropriate reconstructive path depends on the particular clinical scenario. The dermatologic surgeon should be familiar with various reconstructive options for lower eyelid defects selecting the best option for each patient.

The nasolabial flap is o useful reconstructive technique for the repair of middle defects of the face, mainly defects af the nose.The authors present in this article five case reports of patients with tumors of lawer eyelid, nasolabial junction, lower lip and floor of mouth, operated in Portuguese lnstitute of Oncology of Francisco Gentil, in Lisbon.None of the five patients presented required a second stage procedure to correct the donor or receptor zones defects.The good results reached put emphasis in the importance of this kind of flap, mainly when well executed. O retalho nasogeniano é uma excelente técnica reconstrutiva para reparar os defeitos do terço médio do face, sobretudo os defeitos do nariz.Os autores descrevem neste artigo cinco casos clínicos de doentes que apresentavam tumores da pálpebra inferior, asa do nariz, junção nasolabial, lábio inferior e cavidade bucal, operadas no Instituto Português de Oncologia Francisco Gentil de Lisboa .Nenhum dos doente foi submetido a um segundo tempo operatório para correcção de defeitos secundários quer na região dadora, quer na região receptora.Os bons resultados alcançados enfatizam a importância deste retalho, quando tecnicamente bem executado.