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The percentage of overweight children in The Netherlands is rising. In 2020, 18.5% of children between 2-25 years old were overweight (Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, 2022). From the perspective of the healthcare professionals, long periods between consultations could be used more efficiently and effectively to help these children develop healthier eating patterns and physical activity habits and reach a healthier weight.

Background/objectives Traditional malnutrition screening instruments, including the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), strongly rely on low body mass index (BMI) and weight loss. In overweight/obese patients, this may result in underdetection of malnutrition risk. Alternative instruments, like the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment Short Form (PG-SGA SF), include characteristics and risk factors irrespective of BMI. Therefore, we aimed to compare performance of MUST and PG-SGA SF in malnutrition risk evaluation in overweight/obese hospitalized patients. Subjects/methods We assessed malnutrition risk using MUST (≥1 = increased risk) and PG-SGA SF (≥4 = increased risk) in adult patients at hospital admission in a university hospital. We compared results for patients with BMI 2 vs. BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Results Of 430 patients analyzed (58 ± 16 years, 53% male, BMI 26.9 ± 5.5 kg/m2), 35% were overweight and 25% obese. Malnutrition risk was present in 16% according to MUST and 42% according to PG-SGA SF. In patients with BMI 2, MUST identified 31% as at risk vs. 52% by PG-SGA SF. In patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, MUST identified 5% as at risk vs. 36% by PG-SGA SF. Agreement between MUST and PG-SGA SF was low (к = 0.143). Of the overweight/obese patients at risk according to PG-SGA SF, 83/92 (90%) were categorized as low risk by MUST. Conclusions More than one-third of overweight/obese patients is at risk for malnutrition at hospital admission according to PG-SGA SF. Most of them are not identified by MUST. Awareness of BMI-dependency of malnutrition screening instruments and potential underestimation of malnutrition risk in overweight/obese patients by using these instruments is warranted.

The aging process is often accompanied by increase in body weight. Older adults with overweight or obesity might have an overconsumption in energy that is accompanied by inadequate intake of protein, vitamin D, and calcium. It is unclear if intake of protein and vitamin D and calcium is sufficient in older adults with overweight/obesity, and whether it differs from older adults with normal weight, since a recent overview of the literature review is lacking. Therefore, we systematically analyzed the current evidence on differences in nutrient intake/status of protein, vitamin D and calcium between older adults with different body mass index (BMI) categories. Randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies were identified from PubMed and EMBASE. Studies reporting nutrient intake/status in older adults aged ≥50 years with overweight/obesity and studies comparing between overweight/obesity and normal weight were included. Nutrient intake/status baseline values were reviewed and when possible calculated for one BMI category (single-group meta-analysis), or compared between BMI categories (meta-analysis). Nutrient intake/status was compared with international recommendations. Mean protein (N = 8) and calcium intake (N = 5) was 0.98 gram/kilogram body weight/day (g/kg/d) [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.89–1.08] and 965 mg [95% CI: 704–1225] in overweight/obese. Vitamin D intake was insufficient in all BMI categories (N = 5). The pooled mean for vitamin D intake was 6 ug [95% CI 4–9]. For 25(OH)D, the pooled mean was 54 nmol/L [95% CI 45–62], 52 nmol/L [95% CI 46–58], and 48 nmol/l [95% CI 33–62] in normal (N = 7), combined overweight and obese (N = 12), and obese older adults (N = 4), respectively. In conclusion, older adults with overweight and obesity have a borderline sufficient protein and sufficient calcium intake, but insufficient vitamin D intake. The 25(OH)D concentration is deficient for the obese older adults.

Het gebruik van genotsmiddelen, een onjuist samengestelde voeding, bewegingsarmoede, metabole en mentale stress evenals overgewicht verhogen het risico op parodontitis. De genoemde leefstijlkeuzes zijn (in)direct van invloed op het immuunsysteem en kunnen ontstekingsreacties ter hoogte van het parodontium initiëren. Dit verhoogt uiteindelijk de vatbaarheid voor gingivitis en parodontitis. Een volwaardige voeding in termen va macro- (eiwitten, omega 3-vetzuren) en micronutriënten (vitamines) evenals fysieke activiteit en voldoende ontspanning blijken essentieel voor een gezond parodontium. Een gezond gewicht maar vooral een buikomvang binnen de normale range, dragen eveneens bij aan risicoreductie op parodontitis. Direct door het vrijmaken van pro-inflammatoire cytokines via de adipocyten en indirect door met overgewicht samenhangende aandoeningen. Een ongezonde leefstijl leidt dus tot een grotere vatbaarheid voor parodontale aandoeningen. Adviezen ten aanzien van leefstijl vorman derhalve een onderdeel van de parodontale zorg.

BackgroundGrowing evidence suggests that maternal mental health issues are associated with (young) children’s weight outcomes. However, most studies have been limited by cross-sectional designs and have been aimed at (younger) children. The current prospective study focuses on the link between maternal mental health (i.e., psychological stress and depressive symptoms) and adolescents’ zBMI development.MethodsThe participants in the present study were part of wave 1 and 2 of a longitudinal study on Dutch adolescents’ and their parents’ health behavior. Adolescents (aged 10–14) and their parents were recruited through six secondary schools in the South and the East of the Netherlands. For this study, we only included biological mothers and their adolescent children who participated in both waves, with data on the main measures in both waves, leaving a final sample of 336 biological mother-child dyads. Adolescents height and weight were measured, and both parents and adolescents filled in validated questionnaires on perceived stress and depressive symptoms and answered additional questions concerning domain-specific stress. Regression analyses were performed in R to examine longitudinal links between maternal stress and depressive symptoms at baseline (T1) and adolescents’ BMI standard deviation scores (zBMI) 6 months later (T2), corrected for baseline zBMI and covariates.ResultsMaternal general perceived stress (β = .20,p = .002) at T1 preceded higher adolescents’ zBMI at T2, after controlling for baseline zBMI and other covariates, whereas maternal depressive symptoms at T1 (β = −.05,p = .44) and other domain-specific stress did not (maternal financial stress, maternal stress at work, maternal stress at home). Additionally, lower educational level among adolescents (β = .16,p = .001) and adolescent depressive symptoms (β = .16,p = .001) was associated with a higher zBMI at T2.ConclusionsResults suggest that maternal general stress, but not depressive symptoms, may influence adolescents’ weight development. Our findings warrant future investigation on whether and how general stress among mothers may predict weight increases of their adolescent offspring.

Het gebruik van genotsmiddelen, een onjuist samengestelde voeding, bewegingsarmoede, metabole en mentale stress evenals overgewicht verhogen het risico op parodontitis. De genoemde leefstijlkeuzes zijn (in)direct van invloed op het immuunsysteem en kunnen ontstekingsreacties ter hoogte van het parodontium initiëren. Dit verhoogt uiteindelijk de vatbaarheid voor gingivitis en parodontitis. Een volwaardige voeding in termen va macro- (eiwitten, omega 3-vetzuren) en micronutriënten (vitamines) evenals fysieke activiteit en voldoende ontspanning blijken essentieel voor een gezond parodontium. Een gezond gewicht maar vooral een buikomvang binnen de normale range, dragen eveneens bij aan risicoreductie op parodontitis. Direct door het vrijmaken van pro-inflammatoire cytokines via de adipocyten en indirect door met overgewicht samenhangende aandoeningen. Een ongezonde leefstijl leidt dus tot een grotere vatbaarheid voor parodontale aandoeningen. Adviezen ten aanzien van leefstijl vorman derhalve een onderdeel van de parodontale zorg.

Objective This study evaluated the effect of an after-school group-based medium-intensity multicomponent behavioural intervention programme for children aged 8–12 years classified as overweight, obese or at risk for overweight on body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS). In accordance with standardized protocols body weight and height were measured in 195 participants (88 boys, 107 girls) at baseline and at the end of the programme. A total of 166 children derived from a school-based monitoring system served as control group. Multivariate regression analyses examined the effect of the intervention and the independent factors associated with better outcomes in the intervention group. Results Analysis of covariance showed a significant intervention effect on BMI SDS in favour of the intervention group (b-coefficient − 0.13 ± 0.03; p

Presentatie evaluatie van JOGG onderzoek in Drenthe aan stuurgroep Drenthe Gezond

Background: Poor motor skill competence may influence energy balance with childhood overweight as a result. Our aim was to investigate whether the age of motor milestone achievement has changed over the past decades and whether this change may contribute to the increasing trend observed in childhood overweight. Methods: Motor skill competence was assessed in children from the Young Netherlands Twin Register born between 1987 and 2007. Follow-up ranged from 4 up to 10 years. Weight and height were assessed at birth, 6 months, 14 months, and 2, 4, 7, and 10 years. Results: Babies born in later cohorts achieved their motor milestones ‘crawling’, ‘standing’, and ‘walking unassisted’ later compared to babies born in earlier cohorts (N = 18,514, p

Background: Poor motor skill competence may influence energy balance with childhood overweight as a result. Our aim was to investigate whether the age of motor milestone achievement has changed over the past decades and whether this change may contribute to the increasing trend observed in childhood overweight. Methods: Motor skill competence was assessed in children from the Young Netherlands Twin Register born between 1987 and 2007. Follow-up ranged from 4 up to 10 years. Weight and height were assessed at birth, 6 months, 14 months, and 2, 4, 7, and 10 years. Results: Babies born in later cohorts achieved their motor milestones &lsquo, crawling&rsquo, &lsquo, standing&rsquo, and &lsquo, walking unassisted&rsquo, later compared to babies born in earlier cohorts (N = 18,514, p &lt, 0.001). The prevalence of overweight at age 10 was higher in later cohorts (p = 0.033). The increase in overweight at age 10 was not explained by achieving motor milestones at a later age and this persisted after adjusting for gestational age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Conclusion: Comparing children born in 1987 to those born in 2007, we conclude that children nowadays achieve their motor milestones at a later age. This does not however, explain the increasing trend in childhood overweight.

To prevent overweight in children, regular physical activity is important. To stimulate childhood physical activity it seems relevant to consider motor skill competence stimulation in infants. Motor milestones can be seen as benchmarks of development in where motor coordination is central and may lead to more movement opportunities to increase physical activity. This study shows that infants who achieve their motor milestones later are physically less active and more sedentary when growing older. However, the effects are small. Although we found that infants reach their motor milestone later over the past decades, motor milestone achievement and BMI during childhood are largely independent. Instead of physical activity, aerobic fitness might have a stronger association with health outcomes during adolescence. Higher aerobic fitness reduced cardiometabolic risk in adolescents even in those with higher BMI. Therefore, stimulating high intensive physical activities to increase aerobic fitness is advised. Physical activity during childhood could be stimulated by focusing on early motor milestone achievement and by involving parents as a role-model for PA. For future studies, and comparability of studies, it would be good to have guidelines for the use and data processing of accelerometry data. Furthermore, we advise to combine accelerometry data with other measurements, like questionnaires to define the nature of the activities, and to measure aerobic fitness, because it may be more relevant for health outcomes than physical activity alone.