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This article provides a detailed analysis of the clinical and gynecologic characteristics of ectopic pregnancy based on the anatomical site. The study utilized nationwide databases to examine patient encounters with ectopic pregnancy from 2016 to 2020. The fallopian tube was found to be the most common site for ectopic pregnancy, followed by the cervico-corpus, ovary, and abdomen. The study revealed an increase in ovarian ectopic pregnancy over the study period, while cervico-corpal ectopic pregnancy decreased. Patients with abdominal ectopic pregnancy were more likely to be obese and have comorbidities. The article emphasizes the importance of further research to understand the physiological effects of endometrial gestation on extra-endometrial gestation. [Extracted from the article]

Study ObjectiveTo explore how to improve the treatment, and prognosis of ovarian pregnancy (OP).PatientsA total of 111 OP patients, one of the patients suffered from OP twice.ResultsIn this study, 112 OP cases confirmed by postoperative pathology were retrospectively analyzed. Common risk factors for OP were previous abdominal surgery (39.29%) and intrauterine device use (18.75%). We modified the ultrasonic classification into four types: gestational sac type, hematoma type I, hematoma type II, and intraperitoneal hemorrhage type. Among these four types, the proportion of patients who underwent emergency surgery as initial treatment after admission was 68.75%, 10.00%, 92.00%, and 81.36%, respectively. The treatment for hematoma type I patients was often delayed. The rate of OP rupture was 86.61%. All methotrexate therapy for OP patients failed. All these 112 cases underwent surgery treatment finally. The surgical procedures were pregnancy ectomy and ovarian reconstruction by laparoscopy or laparotomy. No significant differences were observed in the operation time or intraoperative blood loss between laparoscopy and laparotomy. Laparoscopy showed less influence on patients regarding length of hospital stay and postoperative fever than laparotomy. Further, 49 patients who desired fertility were followed up over 3 years. Among them, 24 (48.98%) experienced spontaneous intrauterine pregnancy.ConclusionAmong the four modified ultrasonic classifications, hematoma type I was associated with more delays in surgical time. Laparoscopic surgery was a better choice for OP treatment. The reproductive prognosis of OP patients was promising.

Ovarian ectopic pregnancy (OEP) occurs in cases where the fertilized egg is implanted outside the uterus in either of the ovaries. Assisted reproductive technologies and intrauterine device failure are high-risk factors associated with ovarian ectopic pregnancy. Pregnancies categorized under OEP have a higher risk of serious morbidities to maternal health. Clinical presentations of OEP are usually noted as abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. Transvaginal ultrasound is considered the preferred primary modality for the diagnosis of OEC. It can be life threatening, especially in patients with mitral valve replacement (MVR) or heart diseases like rheumatic heart disease, majorly due to anticoagulant therapy. Pregnancy in MVR-mitral stenosis patients has been reported to have an increased risk of obstetric hemorrhage, miscarriage, and associated complications during delivery. Management of OEP depends on the patient's physical and clinical condition, with a primary focus on preserving the affected ovary function. This is a case of a 35-year-old pregnant female with a history of MVR presented with per vaginal bleeding and ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Radio imaging showed the product of conception attached to the right ovarian cyst. The patient was counseled for exploratory laparotomy and subsequently had right ovarian cystectomy alone with bilateral tubal ligation by modified Pomeroy's method., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Singh et al.)

La gestación ectópica ovárica es muy infrecuente, presentando una incidencia de 1/2100-7000 gestaciones (0,5-3% de todos los ectópicos). Su diagnóstico es difícil y dada la poca experiencia, no está claro el tratamiento más adecuado. Se presentan seis casos clínicos, recogidos en nuestro hospital desde 2001 hasta 2011, destacando el difícil diagnóstico prequirúrgico así como el tratamiento realizado.Ectopic ovarian pregnancy is very infrequent, with an incidence of 1/2100-7000 pregnancies (0.5-3% of all ectopic pregnancies). Diagnosis is difficult and due to few cases presented in the literature there is no consensus on the appropriate treatment. Here we review six clinical cases of ovarian ectopic pregnancy that presented to our hospital between 2001 and 2011, highlighting the difficult presurgical diagnosis and appropriate course of treatment.

Abstract: Objective: To review the experience with patients with ovarian ectopic pregnancy (OEP) at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, between 1989 and 2009. Methods: A retrospective review of the presentation, prevalence, diagnosis, and trends in treatment of patients with OEP, and the use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures and intrauterine devices (IUD). The incidence rate ratios (IRR) of ectopic pregnancies (EPs) per live births, OEPs per EPs, and OEPs per live births were analyzed. Results: The 110 OEPs diagnosed comprised 2.0% of all EPs (n=5408) and 1:1543 of all live births, leading to a mean OEP per year of 5.24. Seventy-eight patients were managed with laparoscopy and 32 underwent laparotomy. Twenty-six (23.6%) patients used an IUD and 12 (10.9%) had undergone ART. OEP associated with ART increased in the last 10years of the study period. The IRR of EPs per live births, OEPs per EPs, and OEPs per live births all increased between 1989 and 2009. Management of OEP tended to favor laparoscopy in the later years. Conclusion: There was a trend toward better management of OEP with laparoscopy. ART has become a risk factor for OEP. The IRR of EPs per live births, OEPs per EPs, and OEPs per live births all increased over the 21-year period. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

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Primary ovarian ectopic pregnancy occurs quite rarely. Primary ovarian ectopic pregnancies usually occur in young, highly fertile, multiparous women using IUD. Two cases, we presented were middle aged, infertility and did not use IUD. The treatment of choice for ovarian pregnancy is usually ovarian wedge resection or oophorectomy, also there is a place for medical treatment of carefully selected patients. In this report, we aimed to present the laparoscopic conservative treatment of spontaneous ovarian ectopic pregnancy in two patients who had primary infertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary ovarian ectopic pregnancy (OEP) is one of the the rarest form of extratubal pregnancies and its pathophysciological mechanism is not fully understood. On the otherhand, OEP after intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection with embryo transfer (ICSI-ET) is even more rare and just a few cases have been reported in literature. A case with OEP after ICSI-ET presented and managed by conservative laparoscopic approach. Also, literature associated with OEP after ICSI-ET have been summarized. Pubmed search using “Ovarian ectopic pregnancy” and “ICSI-ET” keywords revealed four similar case in the literature. Underlying pathophysiological mechanism of OEP after ICSI-ET is unclear. Indeed, gynecologists should be aware about the development of the OEP after ICSI-ET. Early diagnosis will give the opportunity to use conservative managements for these infertile patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical diagnosis is typically an iterative process guided by integration and synthesis of data into a model of disease. However, facts are not the only inputs into this process. A case of medical mis-diagnosis is presented, in which systematic cognitive bias is considered to have played a role in generating error. Specific cognitive biases are cited, and measures that can be taken to minimize their negative impact are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The estimated prevalence of the ectopic pregnancy (EP) is 1-2% of all pregnancies. Ovarian pregnancy is a rare finding with an incidence rate of 0.15% of all pregnancies and 1-3% of ectopic gestations. The use of intrauterine device (IUD) is a significant risk factor of ectopic pregnancy. Jaydess levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) is considered as an extremely reliable method of contraception with the cumulative Pearl index of approx. 0.9% after a three-year period of use. This study presents a case of failure of the Jaydess intrauterine device in situ in a female patient with positive Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (serum b-HCG) who was diagnosed with right-sided ovarian ectopic pregnancy. Although LNG-IUS represents the group of the most efficient contraception methods, the risks of failure still exist and should be taken into consideration. Before the insertion, every female patient should be fully informed on the potential adverse effects by a health practitioner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this article is to review key clinical issues and imaging features of unusual pregnancy implantations. Examples from different imaging modalities are provided to increase interpreting physicians' familiarity with the appearance and potential complications of unusual ectopic, cesarean scar, heterotopic, and rudimentary horn pregnancies., Conclusion: Abnormal pregnancy implantations are life-threatening. Interpreting physicians' familiarity with the appearance of unusual pregnancy implantations is critical for early identification and initiation of appropriate therapy.