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This ground-breaking title begins with an introductory overview of the Lower Extremity Gait Systems (LEGS) project, identifying concerns and observations as context for the reader to consider topics and challenges detailed in later chapters. Next are chapters that explore relevant military and civilian needs, and an essential historical context of the capabilities and limitations of contemporary prosthetics. The section concludes with an overview of essential components used in passive and active lower limb prosthetics, including sockets, foot, ankle, and knee systems, as well as emerging bionic systems. A second section considers research and development in orthotics, synthetic and biological materials, volitional control, and wearable robotics (also known as exoskeletons). Finally, expert authors explore advanced science and emerging medical perspectives in research related to limb salvage, osseointegration, limb transplantation, and tissue engineering. Designed for medical practitioners, engineers, students, and researchers who use or develop prosthetic technology for civilian or military amputees, Full Stride: Advancing the State of the Art in Lower Extremity Gait Systems will be of great interest to trauma specialists, orthopedists, rehabilitation specialists, nursing staff and physical therapists, as well as researchers and scientists who specialize in fields that shape and inform advanced prosthetic device development such as materials sciences, engineering (electrical, mechanical, biomedical), robotics, and human physiology.

Hip Joint Restoration is a comprehensive yet practical guide to the basic science and clinical applications of arthroscopy, arthroplasty, osteotomy and preservation surgery for the treatment of diseases and conditions of the hip. This generously illustrated text offers a comprehensive introduction to essential features of hip evaluation, the medical management of hip procedures, and treatment of specific conditions, and covers practical topics such as surgical anatomy of the hip, surgical approaches, instrumentation, and indications for arthroscopy and other surgical procedures aimed at restoration of the hip joint. Additional chapters cover clinical outcomes and equality of life following hip surgery, the current state of research and education of arthroscopic hip procedures throughout the world, other topics such as complications and rehabilitation in different patient populations. This book will be a useful resource for Orthopedic Surgeons and Osteopaths who perform open and arthroscopic hip preservation and total joint replacement, as well as for orthopedic residents and researchers. .

This comprehensive guide covers the investigation, diagnosis, prevention, and therapy of all the bone disorders encountered in medical practice. Written in an easy-to-read style, it updates physicians on the current knowledge of bone structure, physiology, and pathology, with emphasis on the diagnosis and treatment of common bone diseases. Today, both medical practitioners and specialists need quick access to information on “bone problems” in order to help patients and their families. Therefore this book deals with everything from the basic physiology of bone and mineral metabolism to the utility of radiologic imaging and specialized tests in bone diagnosis and current treatment recommendations, including fracture management. It is scientifically based but provides clear guidelines for managing bone problems and for lifelong maintenance of skeletal structure and function. It will assist not only in the delivery of effective treatment but also in disease prevention.

This well-illustrated textbook is the first comprehensive and authoritative source of information on minimally invasive lateral access spine surgery. It covers all aspects of the subject, including patient selection, approach and monitoring techniques, soft tissue management, application in a variety of pathologies, technical nuances, and the prevention and management of complications. In addition, current controversies in the field are discussed and the biomechanics of lateral spinal reconstruction, the physiologic benefits, and cost implications are explained. Over the past decade, the emergence of minimally invasive lateral access spine surgery has created a revolution in spine treatment. This trend began with the introduction of extreme lateral interbody fusion, a totally new spinal procedure. In recent years, the conversion of more than 15% of lumbar spinal fusion procedures to a lateral approach has been due to the unique advantages of this approach over conventional anterior or posterior surgery. All major purveyors of spinal products and implants have entered this market enthusiastically, and all major spinal societies now conduct annual cadaveric and didactic courses to teach the technique. As use of the lateral approach in spinal surgery has become more popular, so its diversity and complexity have increased. Nevertheless, coverage in the literature is typically limited to single chapters, and the spinal surgeon seeking to achieve optimal results must rely on chance discussions with colleagues at meetings to learn the latest information. Lateral Access Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery is designed to fill this vacuum. Written by world experts on the topic, it will be an excellent resource for both beginning and experienced surgeons.

This technically oriented book on medicine as applied to extreme sports offers broad coverage of the field extending well beyond the usual focus on major trauma and acute injuries. In addition to the injuries and diseases associated with individual extreme sports, this book also addresses the topics of psychology, dermatology, ophthalmology, infectious diseases, physiology, nutrition, training, injury prevention strategies, rehabilitation, doping, treatment in hostile environments, and legal aspects. Innovative and less frequently considered topics are also discussed, such as recent advances in protective equipment and materials, the effects of exposure on whole-body vibration, and cold exposure risk management. More than 60 of the most authoritative experts from across the world have contributed to this book, drawing on their personal experiences and including practical examples whenever relevant. Both subject matter and illustrations have been selected with the utmost care, the latter including photographs of world-class athletes.The book’s multidisciplinary approach to the subject ensures that it will be relevant to a wide readership.

This comprehensive book is more than a complete reference on knee fractures and associated injuries: it is also a decision-making and surgical guide that will assist trauma, knee, sports medicine, and total joint surgeons in planning and executing specific procedures for different traumatic conditions of the knee. Each chapter addresses a particular condition and its management, explaining the traumatic mechanism and preoperative workup and then describing in detail the surgical steps, from patient positioning to the postoperative regimen. Guidance is also provided on complications and their management, and to complete the coverage, results from the relevant literature are described. The authors are world-renowned experts keen to share their knowledge and expertise regarding specific traumatic conditions of the knee. Both experienced surgeons and orthopedic residents will find this book to be an invaluable tool that will improve their practice when dealing with knee fractures.

Focusing exclusively on reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) techniques and devices, this plentifully illustrated text covers all aspects of this important and innovative treatment for shoulder pain and dysfunction. The book begins with a history of RSA followed by a thorough overview of the basic science and biomechanics of the shoulder. Indications for and clinical applications of RSA in a number of surgical interventions are then described, including the revision of failed shoulder arthroplasty, setting in cases of glenoid and humeral bone loss and rotator cuff tears. A whole section is then dedicated to various commercial devices with descriptive expert analysis of the design and implementation of each. An examination of the current economic value of RSA, including cost effectiveness and expected cost outcomes, comprises the final section. Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty can therefore be read either from start to finish, allowing orthopedic surgeons to appreciate the various perspectives offered, or by selecting specific topics of interest much like a "how-to manual" of either a particular device design or the treatment of a specific pathology

This book summarizes the theoretical and experimental studies confirming the concept of the liquid-crystalline nature of boundary lubrication in synovial joints. It is shown that cholesteric liquid crystals in the synovial liquid play a significant role in the mechanism of intra-articular friction reduction. The results of structural, rheological and tribological research of the creation of artificial synovial liquids - containing cholesteric liquid crystals in natural synovial liquids - are described. These liquid crystals reproduce the lubrication properties of natural synovia and provide a high chondroprotective efficiency. They were tested in osteoarthritis models and in clinical practice.

This easy-to-consult guide describes new minimally invasive procedures for the treatment of spinal canal stenosis that are accompanied by fewer complications and side-effects, reduce the risks of anesthesia, and lower costs. Clear accounts are provided of various CT and X-ray guided techniques for lumbar spinal canal and foraminal stenosis, including the use of spacers and minimally invasive lumbar decompression (MILD). Helpful introductory information is also provided on biomechanics and symptoms. Like other books in the Springer series New Procedures in Spinal Interventional Neuroradiology, this practice-oriented volume will fill a significant gap in the literature and meet the need expressed by a large number of specialists (interventional neuroradiologists and radiologists, neurosurgeons, and orthopedists) for a topical and handy guide that specifically illustrates the presently available materials and methods.

Providing a state-of-the-art account of the nature, distribution and determinants of sports injury in children and adolescents, this unique volume uses the public health model to describe the scope of the injury problem and the associated risk factors and evaluate the current research on injury prevention strategies as described in the literature. Thoughtfully divided in six sections, the nature of the young athlete and epidemiology of pediatric and adolescent sports injury are described first. Then an overview of the most common types of youth sports injuries as well as more serious injuries (e.g., concussions) and outcomes is presented, followed by a discussion of injury causation and prevention. Suggestions for future research rounds out the presentation. Each chapter is illustrated with tables which make it easy to examine injury factors between studies. Throughout, the editors and contributors have taken an evidence-based approach and adopted a uniform methodology to assess the data available. Ideal for physicians, physical therapists, athletic trainers and sports scientists alike, Injury in Pediatric and Adolescent Sports concisely and accurately presents the situation faced by clinicians treating young athletes and the challenges they face in keeping up with this growing and active population. Furthermore, the information in this book will be useful to allied health researchers and sport governing bodies as an informed basis for continued epidemiological study and implementation of injury prevention initiatives designed to reduce the incidence and severity of injuries encountered by young athletes.

Most books on imaging in sports medicine are concerned with the particular joints or anatomy involved in sports-related injuries. This book, however, takes a different perspective by looking at injuries that are associated with specific sports. All of the well-known major sports, such as football, tennis, and basketball, are included, as are many less common but still very popular sports, such as baseball, American football, and rugby. Because the popularity of different sports varies widely from country to country and region to region, this book should be especially useful to radiologists and physicians who are looking for information on injuries related to the sports that are popular where they practice or with which they are not familiar. Imaging plays an important role in every aspect of sport injuries: at diagnosis, follow-up, and return to action. It also plays a role in injury classification and hence helps to predict the time required for full recovery. The chapters on sports-specific injuries are preceded by two chapters on the perspective of clinicians and another two chapters on the general use of MR imaging and ultrasound in sports medicine. The authors of the book are world-renowned experts from five continents. Imaging in Sports-Specific Musculoskeletal Injuries should be of great interest to radiologists, sports medicine physicians, orthopedic surgeons, and rehabilitation physicians, and to anyone interested in the treatment of sports-related in juries.

Developmental biology of normal bone and cartilage including histogenesis, molecular/gene, and biomechanical aspects is updated and expanded. The book outlines the biology of: bone repair with differing mechanical environments; cartilage repair at articular and physeal sites; and distraction osteogenesis. The generously illustrated text provides an in-depth presentation of the interplay between normal developmental biology, abnormal pathologic states and the influence of operative and non-operative orthopedic interventions on childhood orthopedic deformity. Thirty-four principles underlying the development, progression and management of skeletal deformity in the growing child are defined. Orthopedic management including surgical treatment is discussed for: skeletal dysplasias; epiphyseal growth plate fracture-separations; lower extremity length discrepancies; and deformities of joints and epiphyses due to metabolic, inflammatory, infectious, hematologic, and neoplastic disorders. Treatments are related to extent of deformity, remodeling post-surgery, and possible recurrence. This 2nd edition of Pediatric Orthopedic Deformities has been expanded to cover more regions and disorders and is being presented in 3 volumes.

Providing a comprehensive review of short-and long-term adverse events of both antiresorptive and anabolic drugs, this practical guide updates the clinician on the pathophysiology of osteoporosis and the principles behind our present and future pharmaceuticals. Leading practitioners in the field examine all current literature and data regarding the duration and safety of these therapies, with recommendations for clinicians on decision-making and best practices for osteoporosis patients. An overview of the pathophysiology and epidemiology of osteoporosis and discussion of both anabolic and antiresorptive drugs is followed by fracture risk assessment and an examination of treatment failures. Next, a number of chapters are dedicated to the diagnosis, presentation and management of atypical femur fractures and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), each of which are significant patient concerns when using these osteoporosis treatments. The introduction and utilization of drug holidays is also discussed, as well as the long-term outlook for management of osteoporotic patients. Written and edited by experts in the field, The Duration and Safety of Osteoporosis Treatment is a balanced resource for researchers, practitioners and policy-makers alike for clinical decision-making and patient care.

This book provides comprehensive coverage of the management and related surgery of the rheumatoid hand, wrist, and elbow. It provides a much-needed, authoritative discussion of the epidemiology, surgical techniques, and outcomes of rheumatoid surgery. The book begins by introducing important background concepts, and then goes on to present up-to-date details on pre and postoperative management, indications, and treatment options. Each section ends with case-based coverage of common clinical scenarios and features numerous illustrations that showcase the sequential approach in managing this disease. Clinical Management of the Rheumatoid Hand, Wrist, and Elbow has broad appeal for rheumatologists and primary care physicians, and will assist them in providing appropriate referrals for surgery consultations. It also serves as a valuable reference for surgeons treating and managing patients with this unique disease.

This book systematically describes the angioarchitecture of the spinal cord. Microradiographs of superficial and intrinsic arterial supply and venous drainage patterns provide the anatomical basis needed to understand spinal vascular disorders. These post mortem studies are supplemented by clinical spinal angiographies and case studies. Rapid advances in imaging technology have facilitated the solution of many diagnostic problems concerning diseases of the spine and spinal cord. But this is less true for vascular diseases of the spinal cord or diseases secondarily involving them. Furthermore, safely using interventional procedures or open surgery still requires a profound knowledge of the vascular anatomy involved. Accordingly, a growing demand for training in this special field has become evident over the last 25 years, making improvement of this knowledge in all Neuro-Specialities dealing with diagnostic and therapeutic problems of spinal disorders a highly desirable goal.

This manual is aimed to provide health care professionals, at the scene and at hospitals, as well as allied organizations, a practical and operational approach for planning the response to mass casualty incidents (MCI’s), with emphasis to the types of events that are sudden in nature, resulting in a number of injured or contaminated patients that overwhelm the local health care system. From activation of the MCI plan to the specific medical care of multiple simultaneous patients, the manual offers checklists and algorithms of “what to do” during the first minutes after a MCI occurred. The manual is designed to be adapted and modified for specific institutions according to their size and capabilities. Written by a world expert in the field of MCI management, Mass Casualty Incidents: The Nuts and Bolts of Preparedness and Response for Acute Disasters is a valuable resource for all health care professionals and institutions that deal with mass casualty incidents. .

This useful book gives the reader basic insight into the musculoskeletal problems specific to each of the varied instruments and styles of dance, as well assome that affect the voice. The author’s thirty years practical experience around the theme of ‘Controversies in Performing Arts Medicine’ allows for in-depth knowledge in occupational rheumatological care for performing artists, especially instrumentalists and dancers with complex ailments. Performing Arts Medicine in Clinical Practice assists the reader in the management of highly complex elite athletes, the musicians and dancers whose care remains one of the greatest challenges in occupational musculoskeletal medicine.

This book offers essential guidance on selecting the most appropriate surgical management option for a variety of spinal conditions, including idiopathic problems, and degenerative disease. While the first part of the book discusses the neuroanatomy and biomechanics of the spine, pain mechanisms, and imaging techniques, the second guides the reader through the diagnostic process and treatment selection for disorders of the different regions of the spine, based on the principles of evidence-based medicine. I.e., it clearly explains why a particular technique should be selected for a specific patient on the basis of the available evidence, which is carefully reviewed. The book identifies potential complications and highlights technical pearls, describing newer surgical techniques and illustrating them with the help of images and accompanying videos. Though primarily intended for neurosurgeons, the book will also be of interest to orthopaedic surgeons, specialists in physical medicine, and pain specialists.

This book provides a state-of-the-art, worldwide overview of treatment options available for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). It highlights areas where tremendous progress has been made over the past few years, looking at current evidence, projecting a way forward, and discussing key topics where ongoing research is needed and could potentially have a huge impact on the field. In addition to familiarising readers with effective diagnostics and treatment strategies, factors such as socioeconomics and associated morbidity are also examined in relation to this increasingly common condition. Periprosthetic Joint Infections: Changing Paradigms includes expert guidance based on the best available evidence and practice that can be applied in even the most difficult infection cases. To create this keystone resource for the orthopaedic community, the editors have brought together prominent experts from Europe and the US to give an international, authoritative perspective on this important topic. This book is an essential guide for specialists who deal with challenging cases of PJI in clinical practice or researchers who are seeking a reference point to undertake further studies in this growing area. .

Ideal for shoulder surgeons who want to upgrade their skills to the next level, this practical, step-by-step text presents the latest cutting-edge management strategies and science aimed at shoulder preservation surgery. Highlighting four main areas - the overhead athlete, shoulder instability, glenohumeral arthritis, and the rotator cuff - these innovative techniques focus on the maintenance of the native shoulder joint. Chapters open with an introduction to the clinical problem, followed by misgivings related to open surgery or arthroplasty as treatment strategies. A rationale for the arthroscopic treatment is then presented, along with an in-depth description of the technique itself as well as preliminary results. Techniques presented include posterior capsule release for the overhead athlete, arthroscopic Latarjet for instability, the CAM procedure for glenohumeral arthritis, biological augmentation for rotator cuff repair. A fifth section covers post-operative care and return-to-play considerations. With contributions from many of the top thinkers and surgeons of the shoulder, Elite Techniques in Shoulder Arthroscopy brings these exciting new management strategies to the fore with the aim of elevating them to more common practice for orthopedic surgeons and sports medicine specialists.

Offering up-to-date guidance to surgeons looking for the most current management for the care of Charcot arthropathy and related fractures of the foot and ankle in diabetic patients, this book discusses pathophysiology, recommendations for pre-surgical evaluations, and management strategies for diabetes and Charcot neuroarthropathy, along with demographics and epidemiology of diabetes. Conservative care, total contact casts and footwear are discussed, as well as the management of infections and osteomyelitis. Acute fractures and Charcot arthropathy for the forefoot, midfoot and ankle follow, including plate and axial fixation techniques, with authors' preferred treatment strategies presented in step-by-step fashion. Written and edited by recognized leaders in the field, this is a must-have for orthopedic surgeons and podiatrists treating diabetic patients and will be an excellent resource for treating these debilitating afflictions.

In light of more clinical experience, this book reviews the principles and concepts underlying Professor Sir John Charnley’s original work Low Friction Arthroplasty of the Hip: Theory and Practice. Consistency of design, materials, principles of surgical techniques and regular follow-up of a large number of patients has offered truly long-term results to be presented in this book. Charnley Low-Frictional Torque Arthroplasty of the Hip: Practice and Results involves studies spanning from 1962 - 2015 to successfully indicate the avenues for further development and new ideas in clinical practice. With over 40 years of research included, this book is not a sudden diversion into a speculative area of hip replacement surgery. It is a carefully documented work of the evolution of the Charnley low-frictional torque arthroplasty to assist surgeons who practice this technique in their daily clinical work. .

Bringing together the most up-to-date information on all aspects of primary and revision total ankle replacement (TAR), this definitive text focuses onTAR procedures and prostheses available for use in North America with additional “lessons learned” from the international community. The text is evidence-based, includes bullet points for quick reference, and is heavy on step-by-step photographs during surgery. Accordingly, the chapter content over four main sections is a purposeful mix of theory, data, and tips/pearls with detailed photographs, tables, and references. Section One provides an introduction to and history of TAR, including a discussion of fixed versus mobile bearings, TAR versus arthrodesis, and current indications and contraindications for primary TAR. Section Two focuses on primary TAR, covering a number of contemporary systems, such as INBONE, INFINITY, SALTO TALARISand STAR. Secondary procedures with TAR comprise Section Three, including management of wound healing complications, soft tissue injuries, and varus and valgus malalignment. Section Four discusses revision TAR, covering topics such as infected replacements, component subsidence, and limb salvage as well as issues surrounding specific implant failures. Comprehensive yet practical,Primary and Revision Total Ankle Replacementwill be the gold standard for books on this topic for many years to come and will provide invaluable instruction to orthopedic surgeons, podiatrists and foot and ankle clinicians worldwide..

Strong roots in basic science and research enhance clinical practice. This book is a rich source of information for basic scientists and translational researchers who focus on musculoskeletal tissues and for orthopedic and trauma surgeons seeking relevant up-to-date information on molecular biology and the mechanics of musculoskeletal tissue repair and regeneration. The book opens by discussing biomaterials and biomechanics, with detailed attention to the biologic response to implants and biomaterials and to the surface modification of implants, an important emerging research field. Finite element analysis, mechanical testing standards and gait analysis are covered. All these chapters are strongly connected to clinical applications. After a section on imaging techniques, musculoskeletal tissues and their functions are addressed, the coverage including, for example, stem cells, molecules important for growth and repair, regeneration of cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and peripheral nerves, and the genetic basis of orthopedic diseases. State-of-the-art applications such as platellet rich plasma were included. Imaging is a daily practice of scientists and medical doctors. Recent advancements in ultrasonography, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance, bone mineral density measurements using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and scintigraphy was covered following conventional radiography basics. Further extensive sections are devoted to pathology, oncogenesis and tumors, and pharmacology. Structure is always related with function. Surgical anatomy was therefore covered extensively in the last section. .

Comprised exclusively of clinical cases involving Dupuytren’s contracture, this concise, practical casebook will provide clinicians in orthopedics and hand surgery with the best real-world strategies to properly diagnose and treat this recurrent disease of the fascia. Each chapter is a case that opens with a unique clinical presentation, followed by a description of the diagnosis, assessment and management techniques used to treat it, as well as the case outcome and clinical pearls and pitfalls. Initial chapters discuss non-operative treatments ranging from orthosis/tissue mobilization, corticosteroid injections, needle aponeurotomy and collagenase injections. Various surgical interventions follow, including fasciotomy, fasciectomy, open palm, and dermatofasciectomy. Chapters discussing the use of skin grafting, illustrating the special challenges associated with revision surgery, and “end of the line” interventions such as arthrodesis and amputation are also included. Less common aspects of Dupuytren’s are reviewed as well, as are cases that address treatment and special consideration in younger patients, the role/use of dynamic external fixators in Dupuytren’s care, correction of distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint contractures and treatment of dorsal finger (Garrod’s) nodes. Pragmatic and reader-friendly, Dupuytren’s Contracture: A Clinical Casebook will be an excellent resource for orthopedic and hand surgeons alike.

Providing the most up-to-date research and current clinical knowledge of diabetic bone disease and the challenges still facing the research and clinical care communities, this book unites insights from endocrinology to orthopedics to create a truly unique text. The first part covers clinical and pre-clinical applications and research. The first two chapters present the clinical and epidemiological data about diabetic bone disease, evaluated and reviewed for type 1 and type 2, respectively. This is followed by discussions of how the propensity to fracture in diabetic bone disease can impact fracture risk assessments and how it can be adjusted for using current clinically relevant fracture risk models. A comprehensive overview of orthopedic complications observed in diabetes is next, as well as a focus on the consequences of diabetes on periodontal disease. Other topics include the utility of skeletal biomarkers in assessing diabetic bone disease, how drugs used to treat diabetes may also have skeletal consequences, and the possibility that diabetes may fundamentally impact early progenitor cells of various bone lineages and thus globally impact bone. The second part covers biomechanics and bone quality in diabetes: how diabetes ultimately may impact the architecture, integrity, and quality of bone. Utilizing the expertise of top researchers and clinicians in diabetic bone disease in one comprehensive text, this volume will be a useful and thought-provoking resource for endocrinologists and orthopedic surgeons alike.

This book describes the current applications of arthroscopy in a very wide range of sports injuries involving, among other sites, the hip, knee, ankle, shoulder, elbow, and wrist. For each condition, mechanisms of injury are explained and the role of arthroscopy in diagnosis and treatment is described. Relevant information is also provided on the epidemiology and mechanisms of injury in specific sports and on indications for treatment and rehabilitation. The book fully reflects the recent advances that have taken place in arthroscopy, permitting more accurate assessment and more successful management of post-traumatic pathologies. Furthermore, it acknowledges that as a result of the increasing use of new technologies and biomaterials, there is now particular interest in techniques that promote biological healing of articular lesions and permit complete functional recovery. The authors are leading specialists in the field who have aimed to provide practitioners with the clear guidance that they require on the evaluation and treatment of injuries incurred during sporting activity.