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This study investigates the role of innovativeness and learning orientation on the internationalisation performance of small and medium entrepreneurial firms. Exporting has been the most appropriate mode of expansion into foreign market for SMEs due to lower risk and less resource commitment. The literature insists that future study should pay more attention on how SMEs improve export performance. Review of literature brings to the conclusion that innovativeness and learning orientation are pertinent in building the success of SMEs in export markets. Notwithstanding the existing investigation on the impact of innovativeness on performance, the results are inconclusive, reinforcing the need for investigation in the context of emerging market and SMEs. In addition, learning orientation composed of three dimensions namely managerial commitment, system perspective and openness and experimentation. Previous studies view learning orientation as summate of all three dimensions. Unlike previous studies, this study investigates the effect of each dimension on innovativeness. A conceptual framework was developed based on the resource-based view. Data were collected from small and medium business exporters in the manufacturing sector of an emerging market. A total of 220 respondents participated in this study. Data were analysed using structural equation modeling to test the hypotheses, and the results show that innovativeness is positively related to export performance. In addition, the findings reveal that managerial commitment is a function of innovativeness. System perspective, and openness and experimentation have no significant effect on innovativeness. Implications and limitations are also discussed in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A combination of the research by Asatuan (2004) and Kiuk (2007), gave a model for empowerment to private institutions like madrasah to become qualified institutions that can take part in education development in order to educate people through learning orientation, motivation and commitment as well as to improve the performance of private madrasah. Applying the combination the two research scheme, this research aims to determine the influence of (1) orientation on performance of private madrasah, (2) motivation of working on performance of private madrasah, (3) commitment to the performance of the private madrasah. The results showed that (1) Learning orientation affect the performance of the private madrasah, (2) Motivation of working affected the performance of private madrasah, (3) Commitment affected to the performance of private madrasah. *** Kombinasi penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Asatuan (2004) dan Kiuk (2007) memberikan model pemberdayaan bagi lembaga swasta seerti madrasah untuk menjadi lembaga yang bermutu yang dapat ikut ambil bagian dalam pembangunan pendidikan untuk tujuan mendidik masyarakat melalui orientasi pendidikan, motivasi, dan komitmen serta perbaikan kinerja madrasah. Dengan menggunakan kombinasi dua desain penelitian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh: (1) orientasi kinerja madrasah swasta; (2) motivasi kerja pada kinerja madrasah swasta; dan (3) komitmen terhadap kinerja madrasah swasta. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan: (1) Orientasi belajar mem­pengaruhi kinerja madrasah swasta; (2) Motivasi kerja mempengaruhi kinerja madrasah swasta; (3) Komitmen mempengaruhi kinerja madrasah swasta.

Small and medium-sized enterprise exporters that build trusting relationships with foreign importers are strategically helpful in overcoming the challenges brought about by internationalization. Trust facilitates knowledge sharing between partners, and it allows small firms to expand their foreign market knowledge and consequently reduce their uncertainties that are caused by the unfamiliarity of international markets. Although building trust is central to fostering interorganizational relationships, limited research effort has been exerted on the process of developing and maintaining a trusting relationship. Based on resourcebased view, this study assumes that capability in building international relationship trust is a function of organizational unique cultural orientations namely entrepreneurship orientation and learning orientation. Furthermore, the literature demonstrates that communication between partners moderates the relationship between entrepreneurship orientation and learning orientation, and relationship trust. Data was collected from small and medium business exporters in manufacturing sector. The sample consisted of 179 participants and data was analyzed using hierarchical moderated regression analysis. The results show that the relationship between learning orientation and trust is moderated by communication. In addition, the relationship between entrepreneurship orientation and trust is positive and significant. At the end of this paper, discussion, implications and limitations are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]