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The Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare degenerative disease of unknown etiology that has dental implications. It is characterized by a progressive hemifacial atrophy that appears in the early stages of life. It causes aesthetic, functional and psychological alterations, and has social implications for the patient. There is no definitive treatment for the Parry-Romberg syndrome. Systemic and immune alterations produce oral and maxillofacial manifestations, which need to be managed by specialized dental professionals. The aim of this paper is to do a literature review of the Parry-Romberg syndrome and describe the oral and clinical characteristics of this condition in a 12-year-old male pediatric patient, who had a history of neurological disorders and facial asymmetry on the left side. Dentists require an adequate knowledge of the clinical and dental characteristics of this syndrome. With early diagnosis and appropriate surgical and orthodontic treatment at an early age, they can improve the quality of life of patients and minimize invasive long-term effects.

Drug abuse is a growing trend, with people in every walk of life and at every economic level abusing drugs. Prescription drugs are those that are both legal and sanctioned by doctors. Most of these drugs are accurately labeled so those who want to use them to get ′high′ know exactly what is in them. Among the various known routes of prescription drug abuse, snorting, smoking and oral use of drugs are the ones that concern us the most because of their possible oral clues. The patient may present to us with a complaint of dry mouth or a characteristic pattern of caries or even perforation of the palate. Drug abusers are known to be psychologically unstable and often do not disclose the habit and tend to fake symptoms as well. It thus becomes a highly challenging task for the oral diagnostician to recognize such lesions and correlate them to the abuse of drugs. Also, extreme caution should be taken while prescribing drugs with a potential for abuse.

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome in which energy metabolism equilibrium is disturbed due to loss of secreted insulin or fault in it's function. The result is abnormal metabolim of carbohydrate protein and fat. Numerous oral soft tissue lesions were reported in diabetic patient. The goal of this study was to compare the relative frequency of oral manifestation in diabetic patients (type I) in diabetic research center with normal community of Isfahan.Methods. This experimental study was of case-control type. Popualation in which the study was conducted consisted of 96 diabetic patients and 96 healthy individuals who were relatives of diabetic patients accompanying them. Simple sampling method was used as the method of sampling Data were collected from research center by examining diabetic and control group. Data were then registeried in preformed check lists and statistically analyzed.Results. Data showed that relative frequency of irritation fibroma, fissure tongue, traumatic ulcers, xerostomia, glossodynia and candida related ulcer was 6.2, 21.9, 8.4, 57.3, 9.4 and 6.2 percent respectively. Their frequency in control group was 21, 9.4, 3.1, 16.6, 3.1 and 2.1 percent respectively.Discussion. There was statistically significant differences between frequency of these lesions and case control group. Comparing results of this study with the study of Guggenheim indicates that prevalence of these lesions in our case group was higher than his study group finally further study is suggested to determine the etiology of this high prevalence in our study group.Key words. Diabetes mellitus, Oral manifestations.

This study reports the presence of oral mucosal lesions in 26 patients with acute leukemia during the initial weeks of treatment (induction period). For comparison, three groups of patients without malignant disorders (acute disorders, long-term hospitalization, antibiotic treatment) were included. All patients were treated at the University Hospital of Umeå, Sweden. During the period of hospitalization hemorrhages were seen in 14 of the 26 patients with leukemia. No specific location was found. A correlation between presence of hemorrhages and low platelet counts was noted. Eighteen of the patients revealed ulcerations during the period. Ulcerations were predominantly found on the buccal mucosa, the lips, and the tongue. A tendency to an increase in the number and severity of ulcers was noted during the period of induction therapy. A correlation between presence of ulcers and low granulocyte counts was found. Candidiasis-like changes were seen in eight of the patients with leukemia. Compared with the patients with leukemia the patients in the reference groups showed a low prevalence of oral mucosal lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early identification and prophylactic surgery are essential in preventing development of malignancy in colorectal polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Previous studies indicate a 100% cumulative risk of developing colonic polyps in individuals with FAP by the age of 34 yr. However, we have previously reported late-onset and non-penetrance of polyposis in four families. We describe here in detail one of these families with florid oral manifestations detectable on panoramic radiography of the jaws, which were instrumental in the diagnosis of FAP in the index patient and for ascertainment of her family for screening. The pathological adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene mutation in this family was shown to segregate with dento-osseous changes. Panoramic jaw radiography is a common examination carried out prior to dental or oral surgical procedures. This case illustrates the importance of appropriate investigations, including family history and colonoscopy, even in relatively older patients with radiological findings such as those described here and in members of their families at risk of FAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Opportunistic fungal infections account for a significant amount of morbidity associated with HIV disease. We report here a case of localised oral histoplasmosis without evidence of disseminated disease in a patient who lacked stigmata of HIV disease at the time of initial presentation. The diagnosis is based on histology with special stains, complement fixing antibodies in serum, and culture of the organism from fresh tissues. Activation of subclinical disease following an infection in Uganda may explain the development of these exophytic oral lesions in this British resident. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]