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3 results on '"optical phase array"'

1. Fast and deterministic optical phased array calibration via pointwise optimisation

Author

Jingwen Shan, Hanyi Zhang, Lijing Li, Weijie Deng, and Mingjie Sun

Subjects
beam deflection, optical phase array, phase calibration, Manufactures, TS1-2301, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

Owing to the structural errors in the optical phased array, an initial random phase reduces the quality of the deflection beam. The most commonly applied approach to phase calibration is based on adaptive optics. However, adaptive optimisation approaches have slow convergence and low diffraction efficiency. We proposed a pointwise optimisation approach to achieve fast and accurate beam deflection. This approach conducts phase calibration, combining global traversal and local searches individually for each array element. We built a phase-calibration optical system containing a one-dimensional optical waveguide phase array for further verification and designed the relevant mechanics. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the pointwise optimisation approach accelerates the calibration process and improves the diffraction efficiency.

Published
2023
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2. Functional Photonic Integrated Circuits Based on Advanced Three-Dimensional Photonic Packaging

Author

Ling, Yi-Chun

Subjects
Optics, Electromagnetics, Electrical engineering, Beam steering, Hyperspectral imaging, Metalens, Optical phase array, Photonic packaging, Ultrafast laser inscription
Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) photonic packaging is a pivotal technology for integrating photonics components into compact and efficient optical systems. This dissertation presents advanced techniques for achieving cutting-edge 3D packaging, such as ultrafast laser inscription (ULI), optical phased arrays (OPAs), and metalenses. In ULI, we successfully demonstrated arbitrary vertical ULI waveguides within Eagle glass and an optical interposer, achieving a 0.62 dB/cm propagation loss. Further advancements led to a record-low loss of 0.16 dB/cm using germanium-oxide doped glass. We also employed a waveguide routing tool to demonstrate a 3D fan-in/fan-out device for multi-core fiber integration with SMF-28 fiber arrays. Furthermore, we presented a first 3D arrayed waveguide grating router (AWGR) operating at 1550 nm, created through ULI. Leveraging a multi-scan technique, we achieved a 399.1 GHz channel spacing, and a 2.02 nm 3 dB-passband. The integration of the AWGR with a fan-in/fan-out structure shows its versatility in 3D photonic integration. In optical beam steering, we developed a near-infrared (NIR) OPA with a 5 mm emitting area and 1.3 μm waveguide pitch, exhibiting 3.3° axial and over 40° lateral steering. Additionally, a mid-wave infrared (MWIR) OPA based on a germanium-silicon photonic platform achieved remarkable results, including 0.18° axial and 12.7° lateral beam steering. Furthermore, a commercial foundry was employed to fabricate 64 × 64 OPAs with integrated transistors, operating at wavelengths of 3.8 μm and 4.6 μm. For metalenses, we developed polarization-diversifying highly-dispersive metalenses tailored for four spectral bands (0.76 μm, 1.61 μm, 2.06 μm, and 2.32 μm) to enable compressive hyperspectral imaging. These metalenses with a 20 mm diameter boast impressive spectral resolving powers (10000, 5000, 4000, and 3571, respectively). Initial tests on a 2 mm metalens designed for a 2.06 μm wavelength validated its focusing capabilities, achieving a 46 % transmission efficiency. Additionally, the off-axis metalens displayed clear polarization splitting and a 12 μm focal spot shift during a 2 nm wavelength tuning.

Published
2023

3. Multi-Stage Mach–Zehnder Based Continuously Tunable Photonic Delay Line.

Author

Mushtaq, Zarlish, Uqaili, Muhammad Aslam, Waqas, Abi, and Chowdhry, Bhawani Shankar

Subjects
DELAY lines, MICROWAVE photonics, INTEGRATED optics, ELECTRIC lines, LIGHT filters, PRODUCT lines
Abstract

A multi-stage Mach–Zehnder based integrated continuously tunable optical delay line with a large tunability range, increase transmission bandwidth and the vast delay-bandwidth product is demonstrated. The proposed non-resonant delay line is based on cascaded lattice Mach–Zehnder. With the proposed generalized, hitless, and simple control strategy, the delay tunability and delay bandwidth product of the delay line increases with increasing order of Mach–Zehnder based stage. In this paper, we have reported the results of delay line up to order 10 using the proposed control strategy. We have also shown the comparison between single and multiple stage delay lines over various characteristics. We demonstrated that using the proposed control strategy, the four-stage Mach–Zehnder delay line has transmission bandwidth, delay tunability, and delay-bandwidth product that is 12%, 4 × , and 10 × larger, respectively compared to one-stage Mach–Zehnder delay line. We have also demonstrated that the bandwidth-delay product is almost increasing linearly with an increase in the number of stages of Mach–Zehnder stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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