Search

As urban development shifts from the incremental era to the stock era, urban design is becoming increasingly focused on high-quality living and human needs. However, the opening of traditional communities has been insufficiently examined. This study took Liuyun Community, a typical open community in Guangzhou (China) that has undergone a transformation from residential to commercial use, as its research object. First, more than 300 residents, tourists, and merchants were surveyed via questionnaires administered in field investigations and interviews. Next, the data from the completed questionnaires were used to construct a structural equation model consisting of five dimensions, namely commercial service value, cost value, risk value, perceptual value, and social value. The data were then analyzed to determine the correlations between perceived value and behavioral intention, satisfaction, and other psychological attributes. The following results were obtained: (1) As commercial activities in the community increased, the influence of social value, cost value, and commercial service value on behavioral intention decreased. (2) The open community inevitably had negative impacts on its citizens. However, these negative impacts were mitigated to some extent by high levels of social value. (3) Perceptions of commercial service value varied between groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Informatica (03505596) is the property of Slovene Society Informatika and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the development of geographic simulation methods in recent decades, a great deal of resources have accumulated to support their implementation. These resources can be divided into model resources for analyzing or predicting geographic phenomena or processes, data resources for representing the characteristics of real or simulated environment, and computing resources for supporting simulation tasks. These resources are characterized by geospatial distribution and are difficult to discover and reuse. OpenGMS has carried out a series of fundamental research to sharing and collaborating distributed resources on the web. On this basis, this paper presents the concept of the OpenGMS open portal. The portal adopts FAIR principles and supports resources sharing and reuse to facilitate collaboration and exchange between resource contributors and users. This paper takes applications of the portal in resource sharing and reuse case and online training courses as examples to illustrate how the portal can bridge contributors and users of resources. • The portal adopts FAIR principles and is integrated into OpenGMS platform. • The functional design for resource contributors and users is presented. • The portal attracts many users and amasses lots of geographic simulation resources. • The portal assists in model sharing and reuse among researchers in cyberspace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2016, the Chinese government raised community opening policy for the first time. In order to study the effects of spatial anticrime in open communities, five quantifiable evaluation indexes are selected, which are “flow density, police deployment distance, spatial visibility, anti-capture ability and spatial connectivity”. They are applied to the quantitative analysis of the spatial anticrime performance of two different building layouts in open community in China. The spatial anticrime analysis model from the perspective of crime prevention is practical and feasible, which is of avail for the police to check up the physical environment vulnerable to crime in advance, and to carry out preliminary prevention from the causes of crime. The empirical study shows that both “Determinant” and “Enclosed” Community layout have their own advantages and disadvantages. Overall, the spatial structure of determinant is safer than the enclosed spatial structure, but the partial safety is lower due to the obstruction of sight and insufficient pedestrian flow in the narrow space between some buildings. The enclosed layout structure has higher safety in the interior space of the community space group, but lower safety factor on the main roads. Finally, the corresponding security promotion strategies are proposed for these two communities.

Objective. Identification of differences in copying behavior in members of closed and open groups, as well as identification of peculiarities of these differences. Background. One of the significant factors in the logic of considering the personality-group rela- tionship, taking into account the degree of group closure, is the process of integration of the individual into the group and, above all, the mechanisms of adaptation into the community, in particular, copying behavior, due to his individual-personality characteristics. Study design. The study aims to identify differences in the preferred coping strategies of mem- bers of open and closed groups with different intragroup status. Intragroup status was detected using a standard package of socio-psychological methods. Preferred coping strategies — using the SACS meth- odology. Statistical analysis of the significance of differences was performed using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Participants. 208 people participated in the study. 106 subjects working in production divisions of IT-companies, namely customer service managers of four departments of 20 to 30 people, the aver- age age of subjects was 21.6 years, work experience from 1 to 3 years. 102 soldiers of army units of the “branch-platoon” level of 10 to 25 personnel, the average age of soldiers is 19.6 years. Measurements. Methods of research included: sociometry, referentometry, methodical acceptance of the definition of the informal inragroup structure of power in the contact community, algorithm of calculation of the integral status of the individual in the contact community M.J. Condratiev, method “Strategies for overcoming stress situations” (SACS) S. Hobfall in adaptation of N.E. Wateryanova and E.S. Starchenkova. Results. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, it is shown that in open-type organizations the achievement of a high-level position in the informal intra-group structure is facilitated by copying strategies with a high degree of activity and a pro-social orientation, while in closed-type organizations the achievement of a high-level position is facilitated by direct and asocial copying strategies. Conclusions. In open communities, conditionally constructive strategies are more preferred, while in closed conditionally destructive copying strategies.

In communities, outdoor activity space is utilized most often by older adults and children, and the soundscape is very important for its quality. For different community planning modes, such as gated and open communities, focus should be on different soundscape enhancement strategies for outdoor spaces. In this paper, typical samples of activity spaces in a gated community and in an open community were used. The comparison was conducted through soundscape evaluation including an analysis of the dominance of various sound sources, noise annoyance, and the perceptual dimensions of soundscape. The results showed that noise annoyance in the gated community was significantly lower than in the open community, although the noise level was of no significance between the two communities. The community planning mode moderated the relationships among the soundscape perception parameters between the gated and open communities. To reduce noise annoyance in the gated communities, each sound source should be considered; in open communities, traffic noise only should be considered. In a gated community, adding natural sounds to reduce noise annoyance may be a feasible intervention; in an open community, this is not necessary. Besides, there was no relationship between noise annoyance and Eventfulness in an open community, indicating that noise annoyance was insufficient to explain the complex sound environment of the community. China’s community planning will gradually shift from a gated community to an open community, making the soundscape of outdoor activity spaces likely to change dramatically in the future. The findings will help urban designers and managers to adopt targeted strategies to improve the soundscape and quality of life of community-dwelling older adults and children.

In communities, outdoor activity space is utilized most often by older adults and children, and the soundscape is very important for its quality. For different community planning modes, such as gated and open communities, focus should be on different soundscape enhancement strategies for outdoor spaces. In this paper, typical samples of activity spaces in a gated community and in an open community were used. The comparison was conducted through soundscape evaluation including an analysis of the dominance of various sound sources, noise annoyance, and the perceptual dimensions of soundscape. The results showed that noise annoyance in the gated community was significantly lower than in the open community, although the noise level was of no significance between the two communities. The community planning mode moderated the relationships among the soundscape perception parameters between the gated and open communities. To reduce noise annoyance in the gated communities, each sound source should be considered; in open communities, traffic noise only should be considered. In a gated community, adding natural sounds to reduce noise annoyance may be a feasible intervention; in an open community, this is not necessary. Besides, there was no relationship between noise annoyance and Eventfulness in an open community, indicating that noise annoyance was insufficient to explain the complex sound environment of the community. China's community planning will gradually shift from a gated community to an open community, making the soundscape of outdoor activity spaces likely to change dramatically in the future. The findings will help urban designers and managers to adopt targeted strategies to improve the soundscape and quality of life of community-dwelling older adults and children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With constantly development of customer personalized needs, enterprises will undergo a series of transformations and upgrades around the product value chain to adapt to the flexible and ever-changing market environment, meet customer personalized needs, and enhance their competitiveness. In existing research, the study of PSS (Product Service System) does not simultaneously consider three factors: the product manufacturing mode oriented towards mass personalization in the product manufacturing process, the open community collaborative supply oriented towards community resources in the product supply process, and the product service system oriented towards personalized orders in the product service process. Therefore, the research object of this paper is an innovative model of personalized product service system (PPSS) for open community collaborative supply (OCCS). Firstly, an innovative model of PPSS for OCCS is proposed through business model, platform model, and data model. Secondly, the Process framework of PPSS for OCCS is studied. Thirdly, in-depth research is conducted on selection, configuration, and optimization for OCCS, including selection oriented customer requirements, configuration oriented supplier network, and optimization oriented personalized product of PPSS for OCCS. Finally, a case study is conducted using the automotive industry as an example to analyze the proposed research. By leveraging networked online supply resources and fully leveraging the collaborative effects of community-based division of labour and openness, it can achieve innovation in supply models, improve supply efficiency, and save supply resource costs. • A personalized product open collaborative supply method is proposed. • It is an extension and supplement to the theory of PPSS. • It can give a reference for enterprise to carry out OCCS. • It can achieve innovation in product supply model. • It has a certain reference value for industry and government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By using the road impedance function in traffic flow theory, a time-to-road saturation ratio model for straight road and left and light turning on the crossroad was built. Besides, according to the common road structure in communities in Northern China, four open community road plans were proposed. The circular structure was selected as the optimal solution of the plans. Furthermore, the high vehicle saturation ratio was particularly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • We address the concerns over licensing policies for open 3DP content communities. • The relationship between the features of 3DP content and contributors' license choices is investigated. • Logistic regression for license choice is conducted based on the Thingiverse data. • The empirical results show that the current license options for 3DP content do not sufficiently reflect contributors' needs. • Directions for future license policies that can improve the current practice are discussed. Abstract 3D printing content, which has been increasingly shared through the open communities over the last decade, has both aesthetic and functional features. There has been growing concern over whether current licensing policies provide sufficient options for contributors to the open communities. To suggest a direction for alternative license options, it is necessary to understand contributors' license preferences for sharing diverse 3D printing content. Using a logit model based on information collected from Thingiverse, this study investigates the relationship between the various features of 3D printing content and contributors' choices among the Creative Commons licenses currently available. The result indicates that preferences are clearly distinguished by the features of the content, whether the content is functional or non-functional in nature. However, there is no significant difference, in terms of license choice, for the numerous 3D printing content items that contain both functional and non-functional features. This result implies that there is a deficiency in the current licenses that cover 3D printing content. Implications for future license policies are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Public Art is the property of Shanghai Fine Arts Publisher Ltd. co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Understanding plant evolution and diversity in a phylogenomic context is an enormous challenge due, in part, to limited availability of genome-scale data across phylodiverse species. The 10KP (10,000 Plants) Genome Sequencing Project will sequence and characterize representative genomes from every major clade of embryophytes, green algae, and protists (excluding fungi) within the next 5 years. By implementing and continuously improving leading-edge sequencing technologies and bioinformatics tools, 10KP will catalogue the genome content of plant and protist diversity and make these data freely available as an enduring foundation for future scientific discoveries and applications. 10KP is structured as an international consortium, open to the global community, including botanical gardens, plant research institutes, universities, and private industry. Our immediate goal is to establish a policy framework for this endeavor, the principles of which are outlined here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The long winter time and the harsh outdoor environment cause many inconveniences of the outdoor activities to urban residents in severe cold areas. Therefore, it is urgent to study and improve the thermal environment in urban residential streets. This paper focuses on winter thermal environment of streets in open communities of northern China, by carrying out field measurements according to the characteristics of cold climate and urban residential areas. The results show that the aspect ratios of streets can directly affect their thermal environment. With the aspect ratio increases, the air temperature decreases and the wind speed increases. At the same time, facade openings can make the average globe temperature significantly increased in the streets. This paper provides basic data for the further study of thermal environment in urban streets and the optimization design of street spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the situation of traffic congestion and degeneration of living environment of communities brought about by sprawl of urban diseases, this context extracts statistics from a residential land (3.26km 2 ) in Wuhan using spatial data analysis software (Arc GIS), combined with on-site-collected resident trips and the matrix (OD) of traffic capacity with the assistance of traffic simulation software (Trans CAD), to predict and analyze the equilibrium between traffic generation and attraction, so as to build up the matrix of trip volume of the objective year (2020) and acquire traffic assigning parameter. Development intensity and degree of units in communities and other factors are also included to conduct the visual assessment. The conclusion can be drawn as the followings: 1) hour spent in open communities is less and waiting line is shorter than that in gated communities, so that the cost will be reduced. 2) In open communities the V/C (degree of saturation of road) ≤1.2 while in gated communities the result is ≤1.8, which indicate the rise of road capacity and level of service, as well as the relief of traffic congestion. 3) There is a connection between the planning area and spatial units in communities. Adjacent units are positive correlated: communities near the junction in the southeast are highly aggregated and trip volume of residents is large while communities near the junction in the northwest relatively loosely gathered and trip volume of residents is smaller, which means choosing roads in the northwest during peaks in the morning and evening is a feasible way to avoid traffic congestion. Aggregation is not that obvious communities in the middle than the others’. The results demonstrate the practicability and significance of assessment methods of this essay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The long winter time and the harsh outdoor environment cause many inconveniences of the outdoor activities to urban residents in severe cold areas. Therefore, it is urgent to study and improve the thermal environment in urban residential streets. This paper focuses on winter thermal environment of streets in open communities of northern China, by carrying out field measurements according to the characteristics of cold climate and urban residential areas. The results show that the aspect ratios of streets can directly affect their thermal environment. With the aspect ratio increases, the air temperature decreases and the wind speed increases. At the same time, facade openings can make the average globe temperature significantly increased in the streets. This paper provides basic data for the further study of thermal environment in urban streets and the optimization design of street spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a city is the carrier of human society and housing is an important part of a citizen's life and survival, the citizens' choice of their housing mode will influence the material and spiritual life of the individuals, families, and society. In view of the diversification of values and investments, people are eager for a harmonious relationship between the community and the city. As a kind of compact and efficient housing mode, the housing block highlights the organic link of the community within the city in an open and shared living environment. This paper reviews the development of housing blocks in various countries and summarizes the characteristics of housing blocks through a comparison with traditional gated residential quarters and urban blocks. It then analyzes the current difficulties of housing block development in China from aspects such as the planning concept, planning system, management mode, and development mode and accordingly proposes planning principles and strategies in hope of providing theoretical supports for the development and construction of housing blocks in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A Workflow for OCCM in MP model is constructed. • A method of resource allocation for OCCM is proposed. • A method of resource matching for OCCM is proposed. • A case study for OCCM in the automotive industry is giving. • It has a certain reference value for industry and government. In order to meet the requirements of customers' pursuit of personalized and diversified needs, enterprises need to change from the traditional mass manufacturing model to mass personalization manufacturing model. On the other hand, collaborative manufacturing based on stakeholders will effectively solve the problems of information asymmetry, low operational efficiency and insufficient resource utilization in the process of manufacturing. Moreover, the new model of open community manufacturing is conducive to the planning, allocation, optimization and management of various networked and social resources. Therefore, combined with above three innovative models of mass personalization manufacturing, collaborative manufacturing and open community manufacturing, this paper studies the online merchant resource allocation and matching of open community collaborative manufacturing (OCCM) for mass personalization (MP) model to realize the innovation of design model, improve design efficiency and save design resource cost. Firstly, the workflow for OCCM in MP model based on system engineering analysis method is studied. Secondly, online merchant resource allocation for OCCM based on social network analysis (SNA) and online merchant resource matching for OCCM based on fuzzy clustering are proposed. At last, a case study for OCCM in the automotive industry is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a growing trend among some internet software companies to involve users in the translation process by inviting or enabling them to shape the way the final product reads in their native languages. This is called translation crowdsourcing, and an increasing number of user-translators are willing to dedicate their spare time to contribute to such undertakings. What motivates them to do so, and how could their motivation be boosted? In order to answer these questions, this article looks at Facebook and Skype, examples of the two most common translation crowdsourcing models: open community and closed community. The first part of the article describes these two models, highlighting their principal differences and the business needs that help determine which model is adopted. The second part examines the origins of user-translator motivation and the ways that these two software companies maintain and boost motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Background: Clinical studies suggest that vascular depression presents with typical symptom patterns. The aim of the present study is to examine whether depressed older persons in the open population with and without vascular disease show different symptom patterns. Methods: In the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), a depressed cohort with (n=114) and without (n=292) vascular disease was identified. Depression was measured using self-reports (CES-D). Vascular disease was confirmed or ruled out using a combination of self-reported data, medication use and reports from general practitioners. Results: No significant differences were found in depressive symptom patterns, in symptom clusters nor individual items of the CES-D. Depressed subjects with vascular disease showed much more disability than those without vascular disease. Age of onset of depression did not show statistically significant difference. Conclusions: From our study in the open population, there is no evidence to support the hypothesis that depressed older persons with vascular disease have a distinct depressive symptom profile, but they do show more disability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]