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Preverili smo zanesljivost verjetnostne in količinske napovedi sanitarnega poseka smreke zaradi podlubnikov v Sloveniji v 2022. Verjetnostni model za napoved sanitarnega poseka smreke zaradi podlubnikov je potrdil visoko zanesljivost (AUC modela = 0,89, AUC napovedi = 0,83). Ugotovili smo optimalni prag za verjetnost sanitarnega poseka, ki jih bomo lahko uporabili pri naslednjih napovedih za bolj jasno določitev območij, kjer se bodo potencialno pojavila žarišča smrekovih podlubnikov. Optimalen prag za verjetnostni model v letu 2022 je bil 0,30. Količinska napoved je zelo podcenila dejansko količino sanitarnega poseka smreke zaradi podlubnikov, saj je bil ta 3,9- do 8,2-krat višji od napovedane. Predlagamo izboljšavo količinskega modela pred njegovo nadaljnjo uporabo. Nasl. z nasl. zaslona. Opis vira z dne 14. 12. 2022. Bibliografija: str. 4.

Slovenske avtohtone pasme so tiste pasme, ki so nastale na območju Republike Slovenije. Imamo 18 slovenskih avtohtonih pasem domačih živali, od katerih je 12 pasem rejnih živali, ki se jih uporablja za prehrano in kmetijstvo. Nekatere avtohtone pasme rejnih živali so ogrožene. Leta 2003 se je pričel voditi Register pasem z zootehniško oceno (2019). Do leta 2013 je Javna služba nalog genske banke v živinoreji stopnjo ogroženosti pasem rejnih živali določala v skladu s Pravilnikom o ohranjanju biotske raznovrstnosti v živinoreji (2020). Od leta 2014 dalje je v veljavi Pravilnik o spremembah Pravilnika za ohranjanje biotske raznovrstnosti v živinoreji (2014). V magistrskem delu smo analizirali predhodne in sedaj veljavne kriterije za ocenjevanje stopnje ogroženosti. Za vsako pasmo smo podatke o stopnji ogroženosti, velikosti populacije, številu plemenic in plemenjakov prikazali v grafični obliki. Podatke smo pridobili iz Registra pasem z zootehniško oceno (2019) za obdobje od leta 2003 do leta 2019. V tem obdobju se je stalež živali pri večini pasem povečal, vendar je zaradi posodobljenih kriterijev, končna stopnja ogroženosti večine pasem »kritična«. V letu 2019 je bila stopnja ogroženosti pri osmih slovenskih avtohtonih pasmah »kritična«, in sicer pri lipicanskem konju, slovenskem hladnokrvnem konju, posavskem konju, bovški ovci, belokranjski pramenki, istrski pramenki, drežniški kozi in kraškem ovčarju. Med avtohtonimi pasmami so imele tri pasme »ogroženo« stopnjo, in sicer cikasto govedo, štajerska kokoš in krškopoljski prašič. Jezersko-solčavska ovca je imela »ranljivo« stopnjo ogroženosti. Slovenian autochthonous breeds are those that originated in the territory of the Republic of Slovenia. We have 18 Slovenian autochthonous breeds of domestic animals, of which 12 are breeds of farm animals used for food and agriculture. Today some of our autochthonous breeds of farm animals are endangered. In the year 2003, the Register of breeds and zootechnical assessment (2019) was established. Until 2013, the Public service for Farm Animal Genetic Resources Conservation has estimated the level of endangerment of farm animals in accordance with the Rules on preserving biodiversity in livestock breeding (2020). Since 2014, the Rules on amendments to the Rules on preserving biodiversity in livestock breeding have been in force (2014). In the master's thesis we analyzed the previous and today valid endangerment criteria. For each breed the information for the level of endangerment, the population size, the number of female and male animals used for breeding were presented graphically. We obtained data from the Register of breeds and zootechnical assessment (2019) for the period from 2003 to 2019. During this period the populations increased in most breeds, but due to updated criteria, the final level of endangerment for most breeds is »critical«. In 2019, the level of endangerment in eight Slovenian autochthonous breeds was »critical«, namely the Lipizzan horse, the Slovenian cold blooded horse, the Posavje horse, the Bovec sheep, the Bela Krajina pramenka, the Istrian pramenka, the Drežnica goat and the Karst shepherd. Among the autochthonous breeds, three breeds had »endangered« level, namely Cika cattle, the Styrian hen and Krškopolje pig. The Jezersko-solčava sheep had »vulnerable« level of endangerment.

Diplomska naloga se navezuje in osredotoča na študente, ki opravljajo študentsko delo, in njihov občutek varnosti in ogroženosti na delu. V prvem delu diplomske naloge je opredeljen pojem dela, ki je temeljni pojem diplomske naloge, študentsko delo pa je kot ena izmed oblik dela. Za lažje razumevanje študentskega dela so v nalogi opredeljeni in razloženi pravni akti in ureditev študentskega dela v Sloveniji, ki se posredno in neposredno navezujejo na študentsko delo. Ker se diplomska naloga navezuje na občutek varnosti in ogroženosti študentov na delovnem mestu, sem poiskala statistične podatke in zakonsko opredelitev varnosti in zdravja pri delu, katero področje ureja Zakon o varnosti in zdravju pri delu [ZVZD-1]. Predstavljene so različne in najpogostejše oblike zlorabe študentskega dela s strani delodajalcev kot tudi s strani študentov ter vpliv študentskega dela na študente. V zadnjem delu teoretičnega dela diplomske naloge je podrobneje predstavljeno nacionalno poročilo raziskave EVROŠTUDENT VI, ki je za družbeni razvoj ključnega pomena, saj iz njega boljše razumemo pogled mladih na izobraževanje in življenje v času šolanja. Izpostavljeni je sedmi sklop poročila, ki zajema glavne ugotovitve o delu študentov in njihov pogled na delo v času študija. V sklopu drugega dela je bila izvedena anketa s pomočjo spletnega anketnega vprašalnika 1KA. Namen ankete je bil izvedeti, kako se študentje počutijo na delovnem mestu in kakšni so odnosi na delu. V anketi so izprašani imeli možnost predstaviti dogodek, ki je za njih pomenil nevarnost, ter podali odgovore o spoprijemanju z nevarnim dogodkom in posledicami po njem. Rezultati so v večini pokazali pozitivne izkušnje in mnenje o delu in dobro klimo med njimi in drugimi zaposlenimi. Največ slabih izkušenj so doživeli študentje, ki opravljajo delo v strežbi in so tako v neposrednem kontaktu s strankami. V večini primerov so študentje o dogodku obvestili nadrejenega, da uredi zadeve. Le v nekaj primerih so zaradi hujše nevarnosti morali posredovati varnostni organi. Dissertation degree is focusing on students with jobs and their sense of safety and risk at work. The first part of degree defines a concept of work. This is the key term from which is the dissertation derived. For better understanding of student work are in dissertation defined and explained legal acts and arrangements of work. Because the dissertation attests about safety and risks at work, we have found some statistical data, legal definitions of the health and safety at work which field regulates the act Zakon o varnosti in zdravju pri delu (ZVZD-1). Along with this are in dissertation presented the most common forms of exploitation of student, from the student side and the side of employers. In the last part of the theoretical terms is presented a report of national research EUROSTUDENT VI. This statics results based on student population from Slovenia are important, because they show us realistic youth view on student life and education. Exposed is the seventh chapter of the research which covers the main findings about student work and their look at the work in general and look at the work during the schooling. Through the second part of the dissertation was conducted a survey. With a help of online one click survey 1KA. With the survey we wanted to find out How the students are feeling on work and what kind of relationships they have with other employees. In survey the respondent had a chance to present the event in which they felt threatened. Besides that, they were able to provide the anderes how they handled the event and what consequences the event left on them. The results show mostly positive experiences, positive opinions about work and positive and good relations among students and other employees and their superiors. Most of the bad experiences students had in the service, because they are in direct contact with customers. In a dangerous situation the most of the students informed a superior to sort things out. Only in a few cases they had to intervene security authorities.

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to establish if mental health workers (nurses, doctors, clinical psychologists) in Slovene psychiatric settings perceive their work as potentially dangerous and which factors contribute mostly to these mindsets. On the basis of gained data recommendations for safety improvement are suggested. Design/Methods/Approach: Review of three studies conducted in different psychiatric settings in Slovenia. Findings: Just a few mental health workers perceive their work as dangerous. Among those that are most frequently victims of violent behaviour are male and female nurses, especially under circumstances of involuntary admission, involuntary pharmacological treatment and when special security measures are applied. Participants think that workers would need more self defence trainings, additional competent medical staff (foremost male nurses), communication trainings and better cooperation in their working teams. Moreover, those hurt in such incidents should get more systematic help. Sometimes security personnel also intervene, however, they are not qualified for such interventions and special trainings should be provided. Research limitations/implications: Our findings have a limited value because the studies have been performed in the course of different years, different questionnaires were applied and participants also differed (their profession, working tasks, demographic data etc.). Practical implications: Our findings can be used by psychiatric hospital management to plan trainings for mental health workers and organize them according to personnel’s necessities. Results also imply the necessity to train security personnel. Originality/Value: In the past merely analyses of incident reports were made on this topic. However, this paper sheds some light on perceptions and experiences of mental health workers directly exposed to patients’ violent behaviour. Namen prispevka: V prispevku želimo dognati, ali zdravstveno osebje v slovenskih psihiatričnih ustanovah zaznava svoje delo kot ogrožajoče in kateri dejavniki k temu največ prispevajo. Na osnovi pridobljenih podatkov so predlagane izboljšave občutka varnosti. Metode: Naredili smo pregled treh študij, opravljenih v različnih psihiatričnih ustanovah v Sloveniji. Ugotovitve: Le manjši del zdravstvenega osebja (medicinske sestre, zdravstveni tehniki, zdravniki, klinični psihologi) zaznava svoje delo kot nevarno. Žrtve nasilnega vedenja psihiatričnih bolnikov so najpogosteje medicinske sestre in zdravstveni tehniki, predvsem ob sprejemu v bolnišnico proti volji, ob prisilnem zadrževanju oziroma oviranju in ob aplikaciji zdravil. Sodelujoči menijo, da bi potrebovali več usposabljanja s področja samoobrambe, dodatne kompetentne sodelavce, predvsem moškega spola, treninge komunikacije in boljše sodelovanje znotraj kolektiva. Poleg tega so mnenja, da bi zdravstveni delavci, ki so žrtve nasilnega vedenja bolnika, bili deležni sistematične pomoči. Občasno pri nasilnih dogodkih intervenira tudi varnostna služba, ki pa za tovrstne intervencije ni usposobljena, zato bi bilo potrebno organizirati posebna usposabljanja zanje. Omejitve/uporabnost raziskave: Ugotovitve imajo omejeno vrednost, saj so bile raziskave izvedene v različnih letih, podatki so bili zbrani na različen način pa tudi vzorci zaposlenih se razlikujejo (izobrazba, delovne naloge, demografski podatki itd.). Izvirnost/pomembnost prispevka: V preteklosti so bile na tem področju izvedene le analize poročil nasilnih dogodkov. Prispevek osvetljuje izkušnje in občutke ogroženosti zdravstvenih delavcev, ki so neposredno izpostavljeni v tovrstnih incidentih.

V današnjem času se malokdo zaveda, kako pomembno je, da ohranjamo našo naravo čisto. Narava je tista, ki nam omogoča, da preživimo. Daje nam zrak, hrano, vodo in vse, kar je potrebno za naše preživetje. Zato je zelo pomembno zavedanje, da je preveliko poseganje v naravno okolje in naravne dobrine ogrožajoče tudi za nas. Nihče se v nečistem okolju ne bo počutil varno, ampak se bo kaj hitro počutil ogroženo. Vse življenje živeti pod velikim oblakom dima in opazovati negativne spremembe, ki se dogajajo v okolju, kjer živimo, vse to nas je privedlo do tega, da smo začeli raziskovati izbrano temo. V diplomski nalogi smo se osredotočili predvsem na ekološko ogroženost prebivalcev občine Šoštanj. Zanimalo nas je, če se prebivalci občine Šoštanj počutijo ogroženo in če svoje občutke povezujejo s Termoelektrarno Šoštanj in Premogovnikom Velenje, ki s pridobivanjem toplotne in električne energije vplivata na okolje ter na ljudi, ki v tem okolju živijo. Podobnih analiz in raziskav na to temo še ni bilo narejenih, oziroma so bile tajne in nikoli dostopne javnosti ter zavržene v pozabo, saj so govorile proti vsem energetskim podjetjem. V diplomski nalogi smo raziskovali tudi zdravje v občini Šoštanj in negativne spremembe, ki se dogajajo v okolju. Zanimalo nas je, ali ljudje opazijo negativne spremembe v okolju in kakšne so te spremembe. V celotni diplomski nalogi se bomo osredotočali predvsem na občino Šoštanj. V prvem delu diplomskega dela so opredeljeni temeljni pojmi, ki se navezujejo na ekološko kriminaliteto in pravni okvir le-te v Sloveniji. Opisane so tudi značilnosti raziskovanega območja in največja termoelektrarna v Sloveniji, Termoelektrarna Šoštanj. Opredeljeno je tudi zdravje in umrljivost v občini Šoštanj. V drugem delu pa smo opredelili dejavnike, ki vplivajo na občutke ogroženosti, in negativne spremembe v okolju ter s pomočjo ankete ugotovili stopnjo ogroženosti prebivalcev občine Šoštanj. Na podlagi pridobljenih podatkov smo lahko sklepali o občutkih ogroženosti v občini Šoštanj in o negativnih spremembah, ki jih ljudje opažajo. Nowadays, only a few people realize the importance of keeping our nature clean. After all, nature enables our survival. It gives us air, food, water and everything else we need to survive. It is important to understand the thread of our interference on the environment and natural assets. No one feels safe in an unclean environment. Moreover, they will feel threatened rather quickly. Living under a large cloud of smoke all our lives and observing negative changes arising in the environment led us to research this topic. The focus of this diploma work is the environmental vulnerability of the population in Šoštanj municipality. We wanted to know whether the people of the municipality of Šoštanj feel threatened and whether they associate their feelings with the Thermal Power Plant Šoštanj and Velenje Coal Mine. By generating heat and electricity, they endanger the environment and the people who live there. Such analyses have either yet to be conducted or were done in secret and kept from the public for they speak against all energy companies. In our research, we also investigated the health of the people living in the municipality of Šoštanj and the negative changes occurring in the environment. We wondered if people notice these changes in the environment for what they are. Throughout our research work, we will focus primarily on the municipality of Šoštanj. The first part of the paper, we defined the basic concepts related to environmental crime and the legal framework of environmental crime in Slovenia. Furthermore, we described the characteristics of the research area and the largest thermal power plant in Slovenia, the Šoštanj Thermal Power Plant. Health and mortality in the municipality of Šoštanj are also defined. In the second part, we identified the factors which make people feel threatened and negative changes in the environment. With data we collected through a survey, we found out how vulnerable the people of Šoštanj feel. Based on the obtained data, we made conclusions about the feelings of vulnerability in the municipality of Šoštanj and the negative changes people notice.

Že od rane mladosti smo vajeni, da nam nekdo nudi varnost ter nas brani pred nevarnostmi. V prvih letih življenja nam to varnost zagotavljata starša, kasneje se naučimo, da moramo sami poskrbeti zase, ter da obstajajo različne organizacije, ki nam jo pomagajo zagotavljati. Varnost je ena izmed človekovih največjih dobrin. Tega se premalokrat zavedamo in jo zato prevečkrat jemljemo za samoumevno. V varnem okolju se počutimo zavarovane pred nevarnostmi, ki nam dnevno pretijo s strani različnih dejavnikov. Zaradi vse večjega števila novih vrst kriminalitete nam je varnost postala nujna za nemoteno vsakodnevno življenje. Ljudje se zavedajo, da niso nikjer več stoodstotno varni, vendar jim je lažje, da na to ne mislijo ali pa ne polagajo prevelike pozornosti. Ta strah jim pomagajo zmanjšati različne varnostne institucije ter varnosti ukrepi. Zaradi občutka, da nam vsakodnevno preti nevarnost, smo ljudje postali previdnejši na vseh področjih. Zaradi takih občutkov ljudje pogosteje posegajo po varnostni zaščiti in varovanju. Napredna tehnologija, ki nam omogoča večji nadzor, nam olajša življenje na različnih področjih, hkrati pa nam povzroča tudi večji strah pred kriminaliteto. V diplomski nalogi smo se osredotočili predvsem na varnost v lokalni skupnosti, kakšno je policijsko delo v skupnosti. Razlog, zakaj smo se odločili za takšno temo, je ta, da za lokalno skupnost Vojnik še nismo zasledili analiz in podobnih raziskav s tega področja. Ni znanih podatkov s področja zagotavljanja varnosti v lokalnih skupnostih, preventivnih ukrepov s strani občine ali policije. Zanima nas tudi, kako institucije in lokalna skupnost sodelujejo med sabo in si pomagajo. Celotna diplomska naloga bo osredotočena na občino Vojnik, za katero še ni veliko raziskav in podatkov s področja zagotavljanja varnosti. V prvem delu diplomskega dela so najprej opredeljeni temeljni pojmi, ki se navezujejo na varnost, v drugem delu pa se bomo s pomočjo ankete poglobili, kako varnost dojemajo prebivalci občine. Na podlagi pridobljenih podatkov bomo lahko sklepali o varnosti v občini Vojnik, kako jo dojemajo in občutijo prebivalci, kje se po njihovem mnenju zdi, da bi varnost morali okrepiti. Sklepali bomo lahko tudi o kriminaliteti, ki je zaznana v občini. As early as in our childhood, we are used to always have a shelter we may use to hide from inconveniences and somebody who also plays the role of our protector against life threatening situations. Actually, our parents at first place, who also give us a lesson to develop our own sense of self-protection later, as well as we get informed about various organizations that help us ensure safety. Safety is undoubtedly one of a man’s fundamental life values, but we do not commonly get aware of it or might even understand it like a self-evident matter. A safe environment provides us the sense of protection from daily threatening ways of danger caused by different sources. Due to constantly arising new kinds of criminality, safety has become a necessity in our lives to be preserved undisturbed even in the future. People are getting conscious of not being completely safe at any place. It makes the situation easier, however, not to think about it or not to pay much attention to it as well. Different institutions and safety measures have a benevolent influence of people’s state of fear. The feeling of being put in some kind of danger on daily basis has caused people to become more cautious in any field of life and to apply safety protection and security. Modern technology allows us better surveillance, thus making our life get more comfortable in many senses on the other hand, it enlarges our fear from criminality. This university graduation thesis is mostly oriented towards the safety within the local community and the importance of police work, which was actually with a reason that no analyses and similar surveys have ever been carried out in the region of Vojnik local community. No data of the provision of security in the local community have been evident so far nor even the preventive actions provided by the municipality or the police. Furthermore, the co-operation and mutual assistance between the institutions and the local community have also been the subject of our thesis, however it is necessary to point out that the thesis was preliminary oriented on the municipality of Vojnik, which has not already undergone to many surveys to provide useful information about the provision of the security on the area. The introduction part of the thesis deals with the definitions of basic safety related terms, whilst the following part shall involve a poll to find out the municipality residents’ sense of safety. The figures gained in this way will help us make a conclusion about the safety in the municipality of Vojnik and people’s understanding and feelings about safety, as well as on which fields the security is yet to be bring to reinforcement. Besides, we will be able to make clear judgements about criminality recorded within the municipality.

Pašna reja drobnice je optimalna oblika izkoriščanja trajnega travnatega sveta, še posebej na območjih z omejenimi možnostmi za kmetovanje v Sloveniji. Ovce in koze so zaradi manjše velikosti in telesne mase lahko dosegljiv plen večjim plenilcem. Namen diplomskega dela je bil zbrati podatke o razširjenosti različnih vrst plenilcev v Sloveniji in iz uradnih evidenc ugotoviti obseg povzročene škode pri drobnici v zadnjih letih. V Sloveniji je priznana prisotnost medveda, volka, risa in šakala. Poleg njih škodo povzročajo tudi krokar in potepuški psi. Po podatkih Agencije Republike Slovenije za okolje (ARSO) sta največ napadov na drobnico in posledično največ škode v zadnjih letih povzročila medved in volk. Zaradi vse večjega števila napadov plenilcev na domače živali prihaja do konflikta interesov med rejci domačih živali in državo, ki upravlja s populacijami zavarovanih zveri. Za preprečevanje napadov zveri je priporočeno varovanje domačih živali na različne načine. V okviru operacije Reja domačih živali na območju pojavljanja velikih zveri ukrepa KOPOP iz PRP 2014 – 2020 poznamo tri različne načine varovanja živali na paši, in sicer: varovanje črede z ograjevanjem z visokimi elektromrežami, varovanje s pastirjem in varovanje s pastirskimi psi. Kljub upoštevanjem ukrepov iz KOPOP programa, vseeno prihaja do škode zaradi napadov plenilcev na drobnico. Grazing management of small ruminants is an optimal way of exploitation permanent grassland, especially in the areas less favoured for agricultural activity in Slovenia. Because of their smaller body size and body weight, sheep and goats become easy targets for larger predators. The purpose of the thesis was to collect data on the prevalence of different predators in Slovenia and to collect their damage from the official records caused on small ruminants. In Slovenia, there is recognized the presence of bears, wolfs, lynxes and jackals. According to the data obtained on the website of the Slovenian Environment Agency (ARSO), the highest rate of attacks on small ruminants and consequently the highest damage was caused by bears and wolfs. This leads to a conflict of interests between the breeders and the state, who is responsible for the populations of protected beasts. In order to prevent the attacks of such predators, various ways of protecting domestic animals are advised. Within the framework of the Rearing of Domestic Animals in Large Carnivores Populated Areas, within the framework of KOPOP of the PRP 2014 – 2020, the following three ways of protecting animals on the pasture are known: Protecting the herd by fencing with high electro-fences, protecting with a shepherd and protecting with shepherd dogs. Despite following the framework of KOPOP from the PRP 2014-2020 program, the predator attacks on small ruminants are going on.

Teoretično izhodišče: poškodbe hrbtenice predstavljajo 1-2 % vseh poškodb. Pri približno 20 % od teh je prisotna tudi poškodba hrbtenjače. Najpogostejši mehanizmi poškodb so prometne nesreče, padci ter športne in rekreativne aktivnosti. Sposobnost zdravstvenega osebja, da na terenu prepozna poškodbo hrbtenjače igra pomembno vlogo pri pravilni triaži, oskrbi in izidu pacientovega stanja. Namen zaključnega dela je sistematični pregled literature in analiza podatkov obstoječih raziskav o najbolj ogroženem delu populacije in predbolnišnični oskrbi poškodb hrbtenjače. Raziskovalne metode: za sistematični pregled literature smo uporabili podatkovne baze Pub Med, Science Direct, CINAHL in Web Of Science. Iskanje smo izvedli z uporabo Boolovih operaterjev AND in OR ter z naslednjimi ključnimi besedami: prehospital, spinal cord injury, patient in njihovimi sopomenkami. V analizo smo vključili vse vire objavljene med januarjem 2000 in decembrom 2017. V končno analizo je od 837 zadetkov bilo vključenih 10 virov. Rezultati: pri podrobni analizi virov sta bili oblikovani 2 glavni temi, ki opisujeta poškodbo hrbtenjače in predbolnišnično oskrbo, 5 podtem sekundarnega nivoja ter 12 tem primarnega nivoja. Diskusija in zaključek: najpogostejši ugotovljeni mehanizmi poškodb so bili prometne nesreče, padci ter šport in rekreativne dejavnosti. Več poškodovancev je bilo moških, pri prometnih nesrečah so najbolj ogroženi mlajši moški, pri padcih pa ženske in starejši. Cilji predbolnišnične obravnave poškodb hrbtenjače so zmanjšanje možnosti morebitnih zapletov, zmanjšanje nevrološkega deficita in dodatnih poškodb, pravilna ocena in prepoznava poškodbe, ustrezna imobilizacija poškodovanca ter čim hitrejši in varen transport in predaja poškodovanca v ustrezno zdravstveno ustanovo. Theoretical background: Spine injuries represent 1-2 % of all traumatic injuries. Approximately 20 % of those are spinal cord injuries. The most common mechanisms of injury are traffic accidents, falls and sport and recreational activities. The medical personnel's ability of recocnizing a spinal cord injury plays an important role at the triage and the outcome of patients state. The purpose of this work is a systematic review of the literature and data analysis of existing literature about the most at risk part of the population and the prehospital management of spinal cord injuries. Methods: We used the following databases: Pub Med, Science Direct, CINAHL and Web Of Science. We carried out the search using Bool's operators AND and OR and the following keywords: prehospital, spinal cord injury, patient and their synonyms. We included all the sources that have been published between January 2000 and December 2018. We included 10 sources out of 837 into the final analysis. Results: we identified 2 main categories that describe spinal cord injuries and their prehospital management, 5 secondary subcategories and 12 primary subcategories. Discussion and conclusion: the most common mechanisms of injury were traffic accidents, falls and sport and recreational activities. Most of the patients were male, younger males were more at risk regarding traffic accidents while women and older people were more at risk regarding falls. The goals of prehospital management is decreasingthe chance of possible complications, neurological deficit and further injuries, adequate immobilisation and the fastest and safest possible transport into an appropriate health institution.

V magistrski nalogi smo raziskovali pestrost dnevnih metuljev in kukavičevk na 15 ekstenzivnih travnikih v Beli krajini. Zaradi dobre raziskanosti dnevne metulje in kukavičevke uporabljamo kot bioindikatorje ohranjenosti okolja. Njihova številčnost v Evropi v zadnjem obdobju drastično upada, saj so tako eni kot drugi zelo občutljivi na spremembe v okolju. Med drugim jih ogrožajo intenziviranje kmetijstva, prepogosta košnja in klimatske spremembe. Skupno smo popisali 70 vrst dnevnih metuljev, med katerimi je 11 ogroženih, štiri pa so zavarovane. Na podlagi vrstne pestrosti metuljev in kukavičevk smo naravovarstveno ovrednotili posamezne lokacije. Potrdili smo delno pozitivno korelacijo vrstne pestrosti dnevnih metuljev od dolžine roba lokacije in gozdnega roba lokacije. Za vrstno pestrost dnevnih metuljev in kukavičevk je ključno ohranjanje ekstenzivnih travnikov s prilagojenim gospodarjenjem – z akcijskimi načrti, izvajanjem monitoringa in izboljšanjem upravljanja njihovega habitata. In our study we investigated the biodiversity of the butterflies and orchids on 15 extensive grasslands in the region Bela krajina, Slovenia. Butterflies and orchids are used as biodiversity indicators because of their fast response to changes in agricultural practices. Their populations have declined drastically due to their sensitivity to the environmental changes. They are threatened due to intensive agriculture, forestation, climate changes, etc. Altogether we documented 70 species of butterflies, of which 11 were endangered and four were protected in Slovenia. Conservation value of each site based on presence of threatened species and total number of species of butterflies and orchids was calculated. We confirmed a weak positive correlation between butterfly species diversity and the length of the edge of the location and percentage of the forest edge. Adjusted management of extensive grasslands is crucial for butterfly and orchid diversity conservation including action plans, monitoring and better management of endangered species habitats.

Raziskava razširjenosti deteljinega modrina (Polyommatus thersites) v osrednji Sloveniji in določitev stanja njegovega habitata je bila opravljena zaradi določitve naravovarstvenih smernic, ki bodo omogočale ohranitev vrste v osrednji Sloveniji in na vseh podobnih območjih v Evropi. Podrobneje smo preiskovali območje na savskih prodih pri Ljubljani. Ugotovili smo, da je na območju savskih prodov prisotna stabilna populacija deteljinega modrina. Na raziskovanem območju smo opravili 17 terenskih dni v obdobju od 17. 5. do 8. 6. 2017. V tem času smo z MRR metodo markirali 152 osebkov, od tega 75 samcev in 77 samic. Dnevne velikosti populacije, ocenjene po metodi Jolly Seber, so se gibale nekje med 80 in 190 osebki, kar je izjemno za to vrsto, ki se sicer običajno pojavlja v nizkih gostotah. Na preiskovani lokaciji je več ločenih rastišč hranilne rastline turške detelje (Onobrychis sp.), tako znotraj rastišč kot tudi med ločenimi rastišči pa so se pojavljale migracije. Med migracijami so osebki preleteli tako travniške površine kot tudi makadamske poti. Deteljinega modrina smo največkrat ujeli na ploskvah s hranilnimi rastlinami (77 %), nekajkrat pa tudi izven rastišč hranilne rastline. Domači okoliš večine ponovno ulovljenih osebkov je obsegal velik del območja, vključenega v raziskavo. Habitat vrste je na preiskovanem območju na savskih prodih po naši oceni v razmeroma dobrem stanju, še vedno pa je opaziti divja odlagališča odpadkov ter zaraščanje s tujerodno suholetnico. Pomembno je, da se na območju še naprej izvajajo ukrepi za izboljšanje stanja, kot je odstranjevanje invazivnih vrst. Še naprej je potrebno izvajati redne transektne monitoringe, da tako spremljamo pojav in številčnost te ogrožene vrste. Pomembno je ozaveščanje ljudi o pomembni vlogi metuljev v okolju. K ozaveščanju bi lahko pripomogli z uvedbo naravoslovnega turizma na savskih prodih. Skrbno načrtovane aktivnosti, povezane z metulji, bi lahko predstavljale prednost tako za ohranjanje ogroženih vrst kot tudi za lokalno skupnost in obogatitev turistične ponudbe v Ljubljani. We studied the distributio of the Chapman's blue (Polyommatus thersites) in central Slovenia and its habitat choice was carried out in order to define conservation measures that will enable the long term survivour of this species in central Slovenia, but also wider in similar areas in Europe. We found that the population of the Chapman's blue is stable in the surveyed area at gravels of the Sava River. From 17. 5. to 8. 6.2017, we conducted 17 fieldwork days in the survey area. During this time, we marked 152 specimens, of which 75 were males and 77 were females, with MRR method. The daily sizes of the population, estimated with the Jolly Seber method, ranged between 80 to 190 specimens. The numbers are unusual for this species as they normally occur in low densities in central Slovenia. At the survey area were several separate habitats of The larval host plant sainfoin (Onobrychis spp.) was present in separate patches in the surveyed area and migrations among them was common. During the migrations, the specimens flew over the meadow areas and the dirt tracks. Chapman's blue was most often caught within host plant patches (77%), but several specimens were caught also outside them. The homerange of specimens caught more than once included larger part of the area included in the study. According to our estimation, the habitat of the Chapman's Blue at the survey area is in relatively good condition, although illegal waste dumps and overgrowing with invasive plant species are present. It is important that the measures for improving the larval habitat are continued, as for example, with removal of invasive plant species. Also monitoring of the abundance of this endangered species with transect counts is still required. It is important to raise public awareness regarding the significant role of butterflies in the environment. Contribution to this could be done with the introduction of the nature tourism in the area of Sava gravels. Carefully planned activities related to butterflies could be an advantage both for the conservation of the endangered species and for the local community and its touristic offer.

Narava in človek s svojimi dejavnostmi povzročata naravne in druge nesreče. Večje naravne in druge nesreče so tiste, ki lahko ogrozijo ali prizadenejo zdravje ali življenje ljudi, povzročijo večjo premoženjsko škodo ali povzročijo škodo v naravi oziroma okolju. Med naravne nesreče, ki najbolj ogrožajo Občino Kidričevo, uvrščamo potres, poplave, požare, neurja s točo, temperaturne ekstreme in sušo. Med druge nesreče, ki prav tako ogrožajo Občino Kidričevo, pa uvrščamo promet na avtocesti ter železniški promet, ki potekata skozi Občino Kidričevo, saj se največ nesreč zgodi prav na avtocesti, veliko manj nesreč je povezanih z železniškim prometom, a kljub temu obstaja nevarnost železniških nesreč. Sprva so se ljudje spopadali samo z naravnimi nesrečami, na katere sami niso imeli vpliva, z vse večjim tehnološkim napredkom pa so sami izzivali mnoge vse večje in pogostejše naravne ter druge nesreče. Vendar so se ljudje pri vsem tem naučili tudi preprečiti oziroma omiliti posledice nesreč. Sile za zaščito, reševanje in pomoč delujejo tako na državni kot na regijski ravni. Through their activities, nature and man cause natural and other disasters. Major natural and other disasters are those that may endanger or affect the health or lives of people, cause greater property damage or cause harm to nature or the environment. Natural disasters, endangering the Municipality of Kidričevo, include: earthquakes, floods, fires, hail storms, temperature extremes, drought. Other disasters, that also endanger the Municipality of Kidričevo, are: highway and railway traffic, passing through the Municipality of Kidričevo, since the majority of accidents happens on the highway, less accidents are related to railway traffic, but nevertheless there is still a risk of railway accidents. Initially, people were only confronted with natural disasters to which they had no control over, but technological progress began to cause greater and frequent natural and other disasters. However, the people have also learned how to prevent and reduce the impact of natural disasters. Protection, rescue and relief forces operate on both national and regional level.