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Business and occupational travelers' health is at risk due to the specific itineraries and activities, prolonged stays, work-related stressors, short preparation time, more chances of disease importation, underutilization of vaccination, and chemoprophylaxis. The objective of the review is to assess the effectiveness of pre-travel health consultation and how it will help travelers prevent health risks. The question is to evaluate how can prolonged stays and underutilization of chemoprophylaxis and vaccination be better managed with pre-travel health consultation. The literature was searched on databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Semantic Scholar using Boolean operators with keywords and Medical Subheading (MeSH) terms such as "occupational travelers," "business travelers," "pre-travel health consultation," "effectiveness of consultation," "health risk assessment," "travel illness prevention," "risk management," and "risk assessment" to retrieve relevant published studies. The Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB) 2.0 tool and Newcastle Ottawa scale (NOS) were utilized to measure the risk of bias. The Grading, Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to assign evidence strength. In total, a preliminary search yielded 334 articles. One high-quality study and seven studies of moderate quality were included. In conclusion, pre-travel health consultations are a vital tool to prevent travel-related health problems in business and occupational travelers. The current approach needs to be more specific and proactive to address health-specific risks experienced by travelers. However, early comprehensive consultations focusing on preventive measures, region-specific health risks, and timely immunizations are crucial to improving health outcomes. Moreover, enhanced guidance, awareness, and education of health professionals are also necessary to treat the complex medical needs of business and occupational travelers effectively., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Ijeh et al.)

Background:Health problems for expatriates are common due to their vulnerability to local infectious diseases, psychosocial problems, and chronic diseases, but many problems go largely unmet in this unique population. Introduction:Telehealth counseling was developed and tested for Korean expatriates. We explored the current status of using telehealth counseling systems and showed its feasibility and acceptability in three countries. Materials and Methods:This retrospective study was based on the "Development and demonstration of telehealth counseling program for overseas Koreans" project funded by the Korea Health Industry Development Institute. In this project, we established five Digital Healthcare Centers (DHCs): 3 in Vietnam and 1 each in Uzbekistan and Cambodia. We used data from October 2016 to September 2017; descriptive analysis and one-way ANOVA were used to present detailed information. Results:A total of 442 patients made an appointment for telehealth counseling services. Overall user satisfaction rates were 96.1%. Over two thirds of patients (302/442, 68.3%) completed one-time telehealth counseling. About 13% were referred to primary care, and 17 (3.8%) were referred to specialists or tertiary hospital. The most common diagnostic category was endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (14%), followed by diseases of the circulatory system (12.3%) for one-time visit patients. Discussion:Our telehealth counseling program for expatriates was feasible and acceptable in three countries. It also has the potential to minimize language barriers and the cost of healthcare usage. Conclusion:Further research for sustainable effective telehealth systems for expatriates will be needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]