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This research aims to develop a decision support system specifically designed to help boarding school students choose a balanced food menu by considering nutritional aspects such as carbohydrates, protein and fat. The method used in this research is the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP), which aims to give weight to predetermined criteria and determine limits or thresholds for nutritional needs according to the condition of each student. This system is implemented in the form of a web-based application that makes it easier for students to determine food choices that suit their daily calorie and nutritional needs. The research results show that the system developed is able to provide optimal food menu recommendations, based on calculations of nutritional needs processed using the Fuzzy AHP method. Thus, it is hoped that this system can help boarding house students maintain a balanced nutritional intake and improve the quality of their health during the study period. Further implementation of this system is expected to be able to be integrated with users' food preferences to provide more personalized recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Malnutrition is still common among the elderly, and meal provision has an important role in combating this issue. One of the meal provision programs is done by providing adequate quantity and quality of intake in nursing homes. Having less food waste can reflect to which extent intake and quality standards are applied in institutional food services. Objectives: This study aims to examine food waste as a factor in evaluating the adequacy of food intake and quality control in the food service management of nursing institutions. Methods: This study was conducted on 65 elderly at Surabaya Nursing Homes in 2023. Observations on the menu they had were carried out to determine the adequacy of their food intake. The Visual Comstock 7x hours method was used to assess the adequacy of food intake. Then, the food waste limit of 20% became a quality control in food service management. Results: The adequacy of nutritional intakes in the studied Surabaya nursing homes in terms of energy, carbohydrates, fiber, sodium, and potassium were 77.26%, 66.24%, 37.14%, 165.36%, and 27.17% of recommended daily allowance, respectively. This means that both the adequacy of the intake and the type of menu the elderly consumed are still below the standards. Food waste of more than 20% was identified from menus made of papaya, tongkol rica (spicy mackerel tuna), ote-ote (vegetable fritter), rice, green bean compote, sour vegetable soup, skipjack tuna balado (chili pepper skipjack tuna), and melon. Conclusions: The adequacy of food intake that the elderly consumed did not meet daily needs and recommendations. Apart from that, some menus still had >20% leftovers. The menu options need to be diversified to reach the recommended nutritional intake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nutritional needs evole with children and adolescents as they grow, making a balanced diet essential for their health and development. This study aims to assess weight status, nutrition knowledge, dietary habits, beliefs, and motivations regarding healthy eating campaigns among adolescents across Bulgarian cities. Findings will guide recommendations to improve their health and quality of life. Materials and metods. The study used a cross- sectional approach with an onlain survey from 2022 to spring 2023, targeting 14 to 19- year- olds in multiple Bulgarian cities. Data analysis utilized SPSS v.23.0 and Microsoft Excel, covering demogrsphics, dietary and motivations. Results. The study included 566 participants, diverse in age, gender, height and weight. Most were boys (55.8%) and girls (44.2%), averaging 16.09 years in age and 169.7 cm in height. Many fell within the 51- 70kg weight range. While 65% were familiar with healthy eating principles, interest in educational courses varied, and 45.1% had tried dieting.Social media was the primary information sourse for healthy eating among youth. Discussion. This study reveals good awareness of healthy eating among Bulgarian youth but identifies gaps, especially their heavy reliance on social media for nutritional guidance. Effective motivation is crucial for educational engagement, emphasizing both social and educational benefits. Targeted programs and strategic social media use are vital for promoting healthier lifestyles. Conclusions. Socialnetworks and online influencers significantly impact youth awareness of healthy eating, necessitating a critical approach to information. Education remains pivotal in fostering healthy dietary habits through tailored resources and campaigns.

Nutritional status is an important foundation for the growth and development, physical health, and athletic ability of university athletes. Athletes usually require higher amounts of energy and nutrients to support training and competition, as exercise consumes a lot of energy. In order to accurately evaluate heat consumption and nutritional needs during exercise, this paper designs a method based on optical imaging technology and temperature sensors. Optical imaging technology provides information about blood conditions by capturing the reflection and scattering of light on the body surface during movement. A temperature sensor can measure changes in body temperature to reflect the energy metabolism in the body. Place these two measuring tools at specific positions on the surface of the athlete's body to obtain accurate data. By continuously monitoring changes in body temperature and blood flow, various indicators of energy consumption and nutritional needs are obtained for evaluating energy consumption and nutritional needs in sports. The advantage of this method is that it is non-invasive, non-invasive, and can monitor and record physiological indicators of athletes in real-time. This provides researchers, athletes, and health managers with more precise and personalized methods for assessing calorie consumption and nutritional needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complete synthetic minimal media for Zygosaccharomyces rouxii growth were designed for high temperature (40 ℃, HTS) and high salt stress (18% NaCl, HSS) in this study, and the difference in the nutritional requirements of Z. rouxii cells under long-term adverse environmental conditions was analyzed. The differences in the metabolism and gene expression of organic acids, amino acids and sugars during the period from the growth adaptation stage to the early logarithmic stage were highlighted between HSS and HTS conditions. The results showed that Z. rouxii cells exposed to HSS needed more exogenous amino acids, vitamin and amino acid supplementation alleviated HTS-induced damage in yeast cells. The adversity transcription gene MSN4 and the hypertonic regulatory protein gene HOG1 responded to high salt, while the heat shock regulatory protein gene HSF1 and the superoxide dismutase gene SOD1 responded to high temperature. In summary, different strategies for organic acid, amino acid and sugar metabolism were adopted by Z. rouxii in response to HSS and HTS. This study deepens the understanding of the mechanism of temperature tolerance in salt-tolerant Z. rouxii, which will contribute to the development of new brewing yeast cells with tolerance to both high salt and temperature.

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are often characterized by food-selectivity, food-neophobia and a marked preference for mild flavor, semi-liquid foods with pale colors. Therefore, they adopt a monotonous dietary pattern, and they prefer ultra-processed food, leading to a high risk of developing malnutrition. In Italy, where 75,072 individuals are diagnosed with ASD, center-based services play a crucial role in their daily management. Despite the centrality of nutrition in maintaining a good state of health, even more for vulnerable subjects, no validated protocol at collective catering level has been developed yet. The manuscript presents customized dietary recommendations aimed at managing the meals for individuals with ASD at collective catering service, derived from a non-systematic literature review exploring food behaviors and nutritional needs in individuals with ASD. Simple practical tips for mealtimes, such as eating together, proper seating, lighting, smell control, presenting food in a simple manner and using the same type of tableware at each meal, to meet the needs of individuals with ASD, were described. The proposal could represent a starting point in developing official guidelines aimed at ASD individuals, in collective catering service. Level of Evidence: Level V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are often characterized by food-selectivity, food-neophobia and a marked preference for mild flavor, semi-liquid foods with pale colors. Therefore, they adopt a monotonous dietary pattern, and they prefer ultra-processed food, leading to a high risk of developing malnutrition. In Italy, where 75,072 individuals are diagnosed with ASD, center-based services play a crucial role in their daily management. Despite the centrality of nutrition in maintaining a good state of health, even more for vulnerable subjects, no validated protocol at collective catering level has been developed yet. The manuscript presents customized dietary recommendations aimed at managing the meals for individuals with ASD at collective catering service, derived from a non-systematic literature review exploring food behaviors and nutritional needs in individuals with ASD. Simple practical tips for mealtimes, such as eating together, proper seating, lighting, smell control, presenting food in a simple manner and using the same type of tableware at each meal, to meet the needs of individuals with ASD, were described. The proposal could represent a starting point in developing official guidelines aimed at ASD individuals, in collective catering service. Level of Evidence: Level V.

This is an informative article about the food rules specific to each age group, starting from primary school to finishing high school. The topics covered by this article are the following: the definition of nutrition, the importance of nutrition, the nutritional needs of the young schoolchild, the nutritional needs of secondary school students, adolescent nutrition, and the conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gestational weight gain that does not follow the standards can cause long-term problems for maternal and fetal outcomes. Research has found that most pregnant women cannot achieve gestational weight gain according to health standards. Objectives: This review explores the perspectives of pregnant women and antenatal care providers regarding gestational weight gain and nutritional needs. Methods: A systematic review follows the PRISMA guidelines. Several databases were accessed, namely PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases, using a combination of the following Medical Subject Heading terms and relevant keywords. The inclusion criteria applied were studies written in English, evaluating the relevant topics, providing full text, and the study was published starting in 2019-2023. Results: A total of 12 articles were reviewed. Respondents were midwives, family doctors, obstetricians, health trainers, administrative officers, and pregnant and postpartum women. The nutritional status of pregnant women studied included normal and obese pregnant women. Obstacles encountered in counseling are patient attitudes, sociocultural issues (sensitive issues), accessibility of resources, and lack of communication training with patients and across professions. Sociocultural, economic status, and interpersonal factors such as social support influence patient beliefs, attitudes, and experiences. Patients may remember their positive experiences in health facilities, but there is also a fear of discrimination they face. Conclusions: This study finds the need for training in counseling and cross-professional communication techniques to health service providers regarding gestational weight gain. Appropriate counseling increases patient comfort during pregnancy and prevents adverse effects that arise during and after pregnancy.

Nutrition in pediatric populations who require life-saving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains a debate. We sought to identify if nutritional needs were met in a patient cohort. A retrospective chart review of patients (N = 64) requiring ECMO at Helen DeVos Children's Hospital between 2018 and 2022 was evaluated for demographics, daily nutritional data, laboratory values, ECMO complications, and outcome data, with primary outcome measures of percent protein and percent caloric intake. Secondary outcome measures included the intensive care unit length of stay, time on ECMO, mortality, and day 1 severity of illness scores (Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction). The timeline partially overlapped with the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected for 467 ECMO days with a median age of 2.6 months; 57.8% of patients were male and 65.6% were with one pre-existing comorbidity. Venoarterial (VA) ECMO was utilized in 84.4% of patients; the ECMO indication was cardiac in 53.1% of patients. The 28-day mortality was 43.8%. The proportion of days in which the caloric goal was met was 0%; the proportion of days in which protein goals were met was 33.3%. Non-cardiac ECMO patients had a greater number of days where caloric goals were met (p-value = 0.04). Mortality at 28 days was not statistically significant (p-value = 0.28) for calories or protein administered. The patient cohort struggled to meet calorie and protein goals while on ECMO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food supplementation of Apis mellifera honeybee colonies is, together with management and genetic breeding, one of the bases for high productivity in beekeeping. However, the proper balance of nutrients that make up the diet is essential for supplementation to have productive benefits for colonies and, consequently, for the beekeeper's profits. Nutrients play a key role in a variety of physiological functions of individuals and the colony, including reproduction, growth, development, production and overwinter survival. Food is obtained through the collection of floral resources in nature, but the beekeeper can assist the colony by providing food supplementation during periods of scarcity or during productive activities with a high demand for energy and protein, such as the raising of the queen and the production of royal jelly. Furthermore, well-nourished individuals are more productive and resistant to pests and diseases. Thus, the objective of this review was to present the main nutrients in the honeybee diet and the importance of colony supplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gestational weight gain that does not follow the standards can cause long-term problems for maternal and fetal outcomes. Research has found that most pregnant women cannot achieve gestational weight gain according to health standards. Objectives: This review explores the perspectives of pregnant women and antenatal care providers regarding gestational weight gain and nutritional needs. Methods: A systematic review follows the PRISMA guidelines. Several databases were accessed, namely PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases, using a combination of the following Medical Subject Heading terms and relevant keywords. The inclusion criteria applied were studies written in English, evaluating the relevant topics, providing full text, and the study was published starting in 2019-2023. Results: A total of 12 articles were reviewed. Respondents were midwives, family doctors, obstetricians, health trainers, administrative officers, and pregnant and postpartum women. The nutritional status of pregnant women studied included normal and obese pregnant women. Obstacles encountered in counseling are patient attitudes, sociocultural issues (sensitive issues), accessibility of resources, and lack of communication training with patients and across professions. Sociocultural, economic status, and interpersonal factors such as social support influence patient beliefs, attitudes, and experiences. Patients may remember their positive experiences in health facilities, but there is also a fear of discrimination they face. Conclusions: This study finds the need for training in counseling and cross-professional communication techniques to health service providers regarding gestational weight gain. Appropriate counseling increases patient comfort during pregnancy and prevents adverse effects that arise during and after pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gümüshane Üniversitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Gumushane University, Faculty of Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis Agricultura Alimentaria Piscaria et Zootechnica is the property of West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Food is considered as the process that is responsible for the supply of nutrients that are required and essential that complement nutrition, nutrients are defined as the substances that are present in food, which are essential for growth, maintenance, repair of the human body. In the evaluation of body composition has been identified the characteristics of energy intake, the various nutrients, the type of physical activity, growth by which the nutrients that the food possesses become part of the human body and the nutritional needs depend on the body structure. In the execution of the research to identify the influence of calories on the energy use of the human body, a qualitative retrsopective study was applied, it was evidenced that there is a controlled caloric use since the influence of sugars equals 50% of the total energy that must be accompanied by vegetables, fruits, because they are a source of vitamins, minerals but legumes, cereals are the emissions of healthy, cheap energy they produce a satiating effect, but fats should not contribute more than 35%, proteins of animal, vegetable origin contribute 15%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various types of local chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus Linnaeus, 1758) exist in Indonesia and are raised for their meat. Chicken meat is a favorite for its good taste, affordable price, higher protein content compared with other protein-containing agricultural products, and higher essential amino acids compared with non-poultry animals. This research was conducted from 6th December 2021 to 6th February 2022, worked in the cage installed explicitly in the precinct of the University of Muhammadiyah Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The research analyzed the dry meat matter, ash, protein, and fat contents in cross-bred chickens fed with different protein levels when aged 0 mo to 2 mo (mo = month). The research method was the experimental method. The research applied an experimental method with a randomized block design, involving four groups in each of the four treatments. T0, T1, T2, and T3 were fed with protein contents of 17 %, 18 %, 19 %, and 20 %, respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a chance of Least Student Differences (LSD) test was employed to analyse the data. Conclusively, different protein levels in feed do not affect the nutrition contents such as dry meat matter, ash, protein, and fat contents formed in cross-bred local chickens. It is therefore suggested that the lowest protein content of 17 % for cross-bred local chickens aged 0 mo to 2 mo should be the most efficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability of the novel Functional Bedside Aspiration Screen (FBAS) to predict aspiration risk in acute stroke and to guide initial therapy needs. We conducted a prospective validation study of the FBAS 10-point scale in 101 acute ischemic stroke patients. Outcome measures were compared with the Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS) via the Flexible Endoscopic Swallowing Study. Correlations with the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and the Therapy Requirement Scale (TRS) were analyzed. We observed a 65.8% sensitivity and 70.2% specificity (p = 0.004) for predicting penetration risk (for PAS score ≥ 3) and a 73% sensitivity and 62% specificity for predicting aspiration risk (PAS score ≥ 6). For patients with a modified ranking scale 0–2 (n = 44) on admission, the predictive measurements of the FBAS yielded sensitivity and specificity values of 66.7% and 88.6% (p = 0.011). A significant negative correlation was found with PAS measurements, whereas a positive correlation was observed regarding FOIS. Significantly lower FBAS scores were observed in patients with high requirements for therapeutic interventions and dietary modification. FBAS may be regarded as an alternative time-efficient clinical support tool in settings in which instrumentation is not directly accessible. Further studies including a larger cohort of acute stroke patients with more severe neurological deficits are necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children with cleft lip and palate often suffer from nutritional deficiencies and subsequent growth problems, both of which are largely attributed to feeding difficulties due to the structural defect as well as the numerous surgical procedures that they undergo. The aim of this review article is to assess the nutritional needs of such children and to emphasize the role of nutrition in their long-term growth and development along with parental education on nutrition and various alternative feeding practices as an important aspect in the management of cleft lip and palate which may otherwise be overlooked. For this review, various articles on cleft lip and palate from plastic surgery to dental surgery journals were studied and more articles were based on subsequent bibliographic reviews of the above. It was concluded that to achieve optimal health in these children, the dietary changes required per day were minuscule. Rather, it is the delivery method of breast milk or formula which often needs to be changed to reduce effort and resultant caloric loss by the newborn, indirectly boosting the caloric intake and resultant weight gain and growth.

Abstract Background An understanding of the association between adolescent nutrition, adolescent pregnancy and their quest for healthcare services may elucidate a basis for intervention and formulation of programs that enhance post-partum and increase the lifespan of the newborn, improve the quality of life and bridge morbidity, mortality and healthcare-associated cost. However, the nutritional needs of pregnant and lactating adolescent girls aged below 10 years resident in Trans Mara East Sub-County, Kenya remained unestablished. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional needs of pregnant and lactating adolescent girls (under 19) when accessing and utilizing nutritional advice and services in Trans-Mara East Sub-County, Narok County. Methods The study adopted a cross-sectional approach that employed mixed methods with both quantitative and qualitative research approaches. Cochran formula was applied to arrive at a minimum of 291 households. Probability proportionate to size sampling techniques using cluster and simple random methods were used to practically access adolescents who are pregnant or lactating. Data was collected using questionnaires, in-depth interview and Focus Group Discussion. Quantitative data was analyzed descriptively using frequencies and inferentially using odds ratio and z-test. Framework analysis was employed to analyze qualitative data. p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The study revealed that access of pieces of nutritional-related advice represented by 67.8% was significantly higher than expected frequency of 50%. Nutrition supplementation, food fortification or blending and complementary feeding were significantly below the expectant frequency (p

Excessive attention to the animal versus plant binary food choice reflects society's moral views on eating right. To claim that avoidance of animal products is required to prevent chronic disease is not supported by evidence, makes little sense from an evolutionary perspective, and distracts policy makers from common-sense approaches to achieve adequate nutrition. Animal products provide highly bioavailable nutrients, some of which are not easily obtained from plants, and can play a key role in meeting the nutritional challenges of populations in both high- and low-income countries. This role goes beyond the need for protein and relates to vitamins, minerals, and numerous often-overlooked nutrients, such as long-chain fatty acids, taurine, and choline. Restrictive dietary prescriptions that exclude animal products complicate the quest for optimal nutrition by undermining dietary diversity and flexibility, and by introducing a dependency on fortification and supplementation. Thus, a vegan diet may put the general population at increased risk of poor nutrition, a problem of particular concern for those with special nutritional requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the interaction between insects and microclimate can be essential in order to plan informed and efficient treatments against agricultural pests. Microclimatic factors such as humidity and temperature can influence the population dynamics of the invasive agricultural pest Halyomorpha halys, the brown marmorated stink bug. The aim of this work was to evaluate the level of transpiration of H. halys in dry, normal and humid microclimates according to the sex, physiological conditions and developmental stage of individuals. Water loss during diapause and the effect of population density on insects’ transpiration were also assessed, as were the nutritional preferences of adults upon exiting diapause. Our data demonstrate that microclimatic conditions significantly influence the transpiration of this pest species. The effect of sex and feeding status on insects’ water loss is marked, while population density does not influence water loss in diapausing individuals. The first nutritional need of the overwintering generations is represented by hydration, likely due to the water loss during diapause.

Background: More than one-third of older adults (aged ≥65 y) experience falls every year. The prevalent modifiable risk factors for falling are malnutrition and physical inactivity, among others. The involvement of older adults in the prevention of falls can decrease injuries, hospitalizations, and dependency on health care professionals. In this regard, eHealth can support older adults' self-management through more physical activity and adequate food intake. eHealth must be tailored to older adults' needs and preferences so that they can reap its full benefits. Therefore, it is necessary to gain insight into the knowledge, skills, and mindset of older adults living at home who are at risk of falls regarding eHealth., Objective: This qualitative study aims to explore older adults' use of everyday digital services and technology and how they acquire knowledge about and manage their nutritional intake and physical activity in relation to their health., Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 older adults (n=9, 60% women; n=6, 40% men; age range 71-87 y) who had all experienced falls or were at risk of falling. These individuals were recruited from a geriatric outpatient clinic. The interviews were analyzed using deductive content analysis based on a modification of the Readiness and Enablement Index for Health Technology framework., Results: The qualitative data showed that the informants' social networks had a positive impact on their self-management, use of technology, and mindset toward nutritional intake and physical activity. Although the informants generally lived active lives, they all lacked knowledge about how their food intake influenced their physical health, including their risk of falling. Another finding was the large diversity in the use of technology among the informants, which was related to their mindset toward technology., Conclusions: Older adults can use technology for everyday purposes, but some need additional introduction and support to be able to use it for managing their health. They also need to learn about the importance of proper nutritional intake and physical activity in preventing falls. Older adults need a more personalized introduction to technology, nutrition, and physical activity in their contact with health professionals., (©Julie Kikkenborg, Emma Magelund, Maria Silke Riise, Lars Kayser, Rikke Terp. Originally published in JMIR Human Factors (https://humanfactors.jmir.org), 08.05.2024.)

Objective: To review the scientific evidence regarding the initiation of enteral nutrition in the pediatric burn population. Methods: This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials comparing early enteral nutrition and late enteral nutrition in individuals aged 1 month to 18 years with burns. The MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched using the terms "burns", "fires", "child nutrition disorders", "nutritional support" and related terms. Results: Three articles that included a total of 781 patients were identified. There was no significant difference in the mortality rate between the early and late groups (OR = 0.72, 95%CI = 0.46 - 1.15, p = 0.17). Patients who received early enteral nutrition had a 3.69-day reduction in the length of hospital stay (mean difference = -3.69, 95%CI = -4.11 - -3.27, p < 0.00001). There was a higher incidence of diarrhea and vomiting and decreased intestinal permeability in the early group. This group also presented higher a serum insulin concentration and insulin/glucagon ratio as well as lower caloric deficit and weight loss when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Analysis of the different intragroup variables suggests the importance of starting nutritional support early. Considering the number of pediatric burn patients, there is a need for robust studies with greater scientific impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spirulina (Arthrospira) is a microalga that has high protein content and is rich in minerals and vitamins; characteristics that make it a food additive for different population groups. The present work was aimed to develop, characterise and evaluate the stability and acceptance of a meal replacement shake and a high-calorie food, both with Spirulina sp. LEB 18. The average carbohydrate and protein contents for high-calorie food supplement were 71% and 17%, respectively. The meal replacement shakes had 85% of carbohydrates and 19% of protein on average. According to sensory test, the target group accepted both foods developed with Spirulina sp. LEB 18. The shelf life of the products with microalgal biomass was estimated at 26 months for the high-calorie food supplement and 17 months for the meal replacement shake. Thus, the biomass of Spirulina sp. LEB 18 can be considered an interesting alternative for the nutritional intake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the effect of maternal supplementation with vitamin E on the concentration of α‐tocopherol in colostrum and its supply to the newborn. Method: This randomized clinical trial enrolled 99 healthy adult pregnant women; of these, 39 were assigned to the control group and 60 to the supplemented group. After an overnight fast, 5 mL of blood and 2 mL of colostrum were collected. After the first sampling (0 h milk), the supplemented group received 400 IU of supplementary vitamin E. Another 2 mL milk aliquot was collected in both groups 24 h after supplementation (24 h milk). The samples were analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The α‐tocopherol content provided by colostrum was calculated by considering a daily intake of 396 mL of milk and comparing the resulting value to the recommended daily intake for infants aged 0–6 months (4 mg/day). Results: The initial mean concentration of α‐tocopherol in colostrum was 1509.3 ± 793.7 μg/dL in the control group and 1452.9 ± 808.6 μg/dL in the supplemented group. After 24 h, the mean α‐tocopherol concentration was 1650.6 ± 968.7 μg/dL in the control group (p > 0.05) and 2346.9 ± 1203.2 μg/dL in the supplemented group (p

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D status and diet between pregnant and non-pregnant women who attended a Maternity Teaching Hospital (MTH) in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq., Materials and Methods: A descriptive-analytic (cross-sectional) study was conducted at the MTH in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. Data was collected from January to October 2022, including demographics, obstetric information, and dietary data. Vitamin D levels were measured using the Roche Elecsys assay (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States). The non-pregnant group consisted of women who were not pregnant at the time of this study, and the pregnant group had women with second trimester pregnancy at the time of enrollment., Result: The study revealed a significant prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women. In the study, pregnant participants (56.0% aged 30-39) and non-pregnant participants (54.3% aged 20-29) had similar ages (p>0.05). Both groups mostly had overweight individuals, with pregnant participants having a slightly higher mean body mass index (BMI). While vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent among pregnant women, the differences were not statistically significant. Notably, higher dairy intake was positively associated with higher vitamin D levels. Urban residency was common in both groups. Dietary habits were mostly similar, except for tea consumption (p<0.05), with non-tea drinkers having higher vitamin D levels. However, dietary patterns did not strongly correlate with vitamin D levels in the non-pregnant group., Conclusion: This study reveals a significant prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women, although the differences between pregnant and non-pregnant groups were not statistically significant. The positive association between higher dairy intake and increased vitamin D levels underscores the potential impact of dietary choices on vitamin D status during pregnancy. However, the study also suggests that dietary patterns alone may not strongly correlate with vitamin D levels in non-pregnant women. Overall, this highlights the importance of addressing vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and underscores the need for personalized dietary guidance, taking into account individual preferences and habits to promote better maternal health., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Kareem Mohammed et al.)

Copyright of Pediatrie pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera Stratiomyidae) is a promising species as alternative protein source for animal feed, able to convert a wide range of organic materials. The knowledge on larval biology, development, nutritional needs, and nutritional composition is rich, while few information is available on adult traits. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of the adult nutrition on the survival, the longevity and the ovaries development of H. illucens. In detail, three food sources have been compared to starvation. Water, a sucrose solution and a protein solution were given to new emerged adults and data on longevity and ovary development were acquired. Trials were conducted on single specimen and on a cohort of adults. In all the trials, starved adults survived significantly shorter than all other thesis. When adults were maintained isolated, the survival was significantly influenced by the nourishment: longevity was longer when adults were fed with a sucrose solution, while the supply of a protein source provided a lifespan significantly higher than starvation but similar to water or to sucrose solution. In cages longevity was always shorter than in isolated adults for both males and females and the overall trend was similar to single individual trials with the exception of protein solution. Ovary development of females under different nourishment did not show differences. More studies are necessary to identify a correct nutrition considering the integration of different chemical compounds to obtain optimal adult performance in terms of longevity and reproduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, food recommender systems have received increasing attention due to their relevance for healthy living. Most existing studies on the food domain focus on recommendations that suggest proper food items for individual users on the basis of considering their preferences or health problems. These systems also provide functionalities to keep track of nutritional consumption as well as to persuade users to change their eating behavior in positive ways. Also, group recommendation functionalities are very useful in the food domain, especially when a group of users wants to have a dinner together at home or have a birthday party in a restaurant. Such scenarios create many challenges for food recommender systems since the preferences of all group members have to be taken into account in an adequate fashion. In this paper, we present an overview of recommendation techniques for individuals and groups in the healthy food domain. In addition, we analyze the existing state-of-the-art in food recommender systems and discuss research challenges related to the development of future food recommendation technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia is the property of Wydawnictwo SGGW and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Soccer is one of the most popular sports in the world. As its number of players is increasing, the number of female players is also on the rise. However, there are limited data about how the diets of female soccer players should be designed. Thus, the aim of our work is to deliver concise nutritional recommendations for women practicing this sport. Based on a literature review, we emphasize that individual adjustment of the energy value of the diet is the key factor for the physical performance of female soccer players. Appropriate macronutrient intake makes it possible to achieve the proper energy value of the diet (5−10 g/kg body mass/day carbohydrates; 1.2−1.7 g/kg body mass/day proteins;

The aim of this study was to increase our knowledge about the nutritional needs of walleye ( Sander vitreus (Mitchill, 1818)) broodstock. Two dietary treatments were tested: the first consisted of frozen Atlantic mackerel ( Scomber scombrus L., 1758) pieces with a supplement of experimental dry pellets and the second consisted of frozen Atlantic mackerel pieces with a supplement of commercial trout pellets. Hatching success was highest in eggs from the wild broodstock. Eggs and larvae from wild fish were characterized by the highest levels of linoleic (LOA; 18:2 n-6) and linolenic (LNA; 18:3 n-3) fatty acids in the neutral lipids. They had the lowest level of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in both neutral and polar lipids. The results suggest the importance of the amino acids leucine, lysine, methionine, and serine for better egg survival. Vitamin A1 content was similar in eggs from wild fish and the younger broodstock from both treatment groups, but was 10 times lower in eggs from older broodstock. Vitamin A2 was highest in eggs from wild fish. Our results showed that neither of the two diets really resulted in egg or larval quality that were comparable with that of wild fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early enteral feeding is introduced in the first 72 postnatal hours in premature infants with birth weight below 1,200 g, as a minimal, partial or exclusive feeding. The paper presents the actual nutritional needs for an optimal growth, the amount and feeding methods depending on age and functional deficiency in very low birth weight premature infants, the effects and limits of the infant’s own mother milk, fortified human milk and formulas for premature infant. The benefits of early enteral feeding include: trophic factors intake, stimulation of the gastrointestinal motility, enzyme and hormone secretion, growth increase and improvement of the subsequent motor, sensorial and cognitive development. The risks of early enteral feeding are the consequence of the functional immaturity of the organs, kind and volume of the administered milk: respiratory disturbances, inadequate bacterial colonization, gastro-oesophageal reflux, necrotising enterocolitis, nephrotoxic insults, obesity, diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure.

Copyright of Jornal de Pediatria is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)