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The present project objective was to evaluate physicochemical and nutritional changes of mango cv. Tainung No.1 that included firmness, color, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), carotenoid, vitamin C (VC), protein, total sugar and aroma component at 10 postharvest ripening-stages under the ripeing condition (0.1% w/w ethephon, 30 °C, 40%～50% humidity). Results indicated a decrease in firmness from 19.76 to 0.99 N, while TA decreased from 1.37% to 0.27% and TSS increased from 12.92% to 23.64%. When the ripening time increased from 0 to 60 h, the yellow index increased significantly, and more than 85% of fruit skins turned yellow. The content of carotenoid increased to 4.90 µg/g (maximum), while VC decreased from 326.66 mg/100 g to 180.00 mg/100 g, and total sugar content increased significantly. When ripening time extended to 108 h, the content carotenoid increased to 10.93 µg/g, and the changes of the VC, soluble protein and total sugar were not significant. The aroma compounds of mango was mainly terpenes, among which the content of terpinolene was the highest, and its content increased rapidly within 60 h of ripening. Exogenous ethephon accelerated the synthesis rate of iso-terpinene in fruits. After 60 h of ripening, the color and aroma of mango reached maturity.

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Taking the mixed leaf litters in broadleaved-Korean pine forests at different succession stages (secondary birch forest, selective cutting forest, and original mixed forest) and the leaf litters of the dominant tree species (Betula costata, Tilia amurensis, and Pinus koraiensis) in these forests in Xiaoxing'an Mountains, China as test objects, this paper studied their remaining rates and nutrient dynamics in October 2006-November 2008 by using decomposition bag method. For all test leaf litters, their remaining rate had an exponential relationship with time. The annual decomposition constant (k) ranged from 0.137 to 0.328, and the time for decomposing 50% (t50%) and 95% (t95%) was 2.340-4.989 years and 9.360-21.796 years, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the decomposition rates of the leaf litters among the forests, but the kvalue of the mixed leaf litters was decreased in the order of original mixed forest > selective cutting forest > secondary birch forest, while that of the dominant tree species leaf litters had no obvious pattern. During decomposition, the elements C, P, and K in leaf litters released continuously, and the release pattern of C followed linear function, while that of P and K followed a function of higher degree. Element N presented different levels of accumulation, but had no clear pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]