Search

INTRODUCTION Neonatal seizure, a common problem encountered in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) setting, is an important determinant of outcome of neurological disorders in newborn period. The aim of the study was to study the clinical and etiological profile of neonatal seizures along with their outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted in the NICU of Department of Pediatrics at Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal from November 2019 to March 2021. Babies with neonatal seizures were enrolled in the study after obtaining written consent from parents. RESULTS Out of 870 admitted neonates, 9.7% (n=85) developed clinical seizures where 62.4% were males. Most cases (87.1%) had seizures within 48-hour of life with subtle seizures (92.9%) being the commonest. About 43.5% cases had single episode of seizure followed by multiple episodes. Perinatal asphyxia (92.9%) either alone and/or associated with hypocalcemia (80%) followed by sepsis (40%) and hyponatremia (18.8%) were common etiologies for neonatal seizures. Most of the seizures (76.5%) were aborted with use of single anti-epileptic drug. About 86% (n=73) survived and rest expired. CONCLUSION Subtle seizures were common and perinatal asphyxia was the predominant etiology for neonatal seizures. Thus, strengthening the healthcare facility during delivery of the newborn, proper newborn care and nutrition must be emphasized to decrease the incidence of seizures in developing nations like Nepal.

Background: Skin diseases are chronic in nature and they require lifetime treatment. Prescription pattern reflects health professional attitude towards the disease and role of drugs in its treatment. The study of prescription pattern is important to make medical care rational and monitoring adverse drug reactions. Methods: An observational and prospective study was carried out in Skin and VD department along with department of pharmacology, RUHS college of medical sciences, Jaipur. Data collection was done in three months after ethical approval. Data was entered and analysed with latest Microsoft Excel version. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the results. Results: During the study period, a total of 979 prescriptions were included and analysed, out of which the usage of dermatological drugs was maximum among males (n=520, 53.11%). Total 2848 drugs were prescribed in 6 different dosage forms. The most common dosage form prescribed was tablet (1267, 44.49%) followed by cream (685, 24.05%). Total 1632 (57.30%) drugs were prescribed through oral route and 1216 (42.70%) drugs were prescribed through topical route. the present study depicted that dermatophytosis (n=243, 24.82%) was one of the most common dermatological manifestations. antihistaminic (673, 23.63%) were the most commonly prescribed drug. Conclusions: The study of drug use is an effective tool to promote rational drug prescribing. Such type of study will help in formulation of proper antibiotics, drugs policy, prescription of cost-effective drugs, improvement in the patient compliance and reduction in undesirable effect of drugs.

Background: Postprandial diabetic dyslipidemia creates proatherogenic conditions which are associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications. Its timely identification might help prevent complications. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess the fasting and postprandial lipid abnormalities in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in comparison to non-diabetic patients attending SGMH, Rewa, M.P. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional case–control study done from April 2021 to March 2022 in SSMC and SGMH Rewa (M.P). 200 cases and 200 controls taken as per inclusion and exclusion criteria, age, and sex matched. Relevant examination and investigations including fasting and postprandial lipid profile were done. All data compiled and compared with the previous studies. Results: The comparative findings of fasting and postprandial lipid profile in type 2 DM compared to controls (non-diabetics) revealed the following observations. In fasting state, 56% cases and 30% controls had triglyceride levels of >150 mg/dL, while, in postprandial state, it was 82% cases and 32% controls. In fasting state, 28% cases and 8% controls had very low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (VLDL-C) levels of >40 mg/dL, while, in postprandial state, it showed 46% cases and 14% of controls. In fasting state, 70% cases and 60% controls had high-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels of

Medicinal plants are more readily available and less expensive than synthetic compounds and play an important role in treating infectious diseases. The emergence of multidrug resistance among various groups of microorganisms against various antibiotics prompted researchers to develop effective multidrug-resistant strain-fighting drugs derived from plants. The medicinal plant produces phytochemicals, essential components of the plant's defence system. The present study aims to determine the phytochemical efficacy of metabolites and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Prosopis cineraria methanolic bark extract against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The methanolic crude bark extract was prepared by the Soxhlet method, and antimicrobial activity was investigated by the well diffusion method. The antibiotics Tetracycline and DMSO were used as the positive and negative control, respectively. The percent yield of crude extract was 7.9%. The preliminary phytochemicals screening for secondary metabolites revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids and steroids, while saponins, coumarins and anthraquinones were absent. Antimicrobial efficacy evaluated through Zone of inhibition was compared to standard antibiotic tetracycline and the results revealed high efficacy of bark extract against Staphylococcus aureus followed by Escherichia coli.

Now a day, one of the most common diseases is a brain tumor. The challenge is to identify a tumor at an early stage, which is essential to receiving good care and surviving brain cancer patients. In the human body, the uncontrolled growth of cells is called a brain tumor. They have different types and characteristics and have different treatments. Medical imaging techniques play an important role in the detection of brain tumors. Although MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is frequently regarded as the best method for identifying this type of tumor, it has several drawbacks, and MRI images are more sensitive to ambient noise and other disruptions. As a result, it is challenging for doctors to identify the tumor and its origin.

Background: COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndromes-CoV-2, a virus that affects the physical as well as mental health of people. Aims and Objectives: Our study was conducted to estimate the COVID-19 anxiety prevalence and its associated sociodemographic factors in a medical college. Materials and Methods: Undergraduate medical students of a medical college in Chengalpattu district were the study participants, with inclusion criteria of students above 18 years of age from 2nd, 3rd, and final year and interns being included for the study. Using simple random sampling, students were selected with a sample size of 197. After obtaining approval from the Institutional Human Ethics Committee and informed consent, data were collected using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire, with anxiety being assessed using coronavirus anxiety scale and data analyzed using SPSS version 21. The statistical tests used were proportions, Chi-square test. P

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in various psychological problems for people in India. AIM: The aim of this research was to assess the psychological impact of COVID-19 on people living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus evaluating their stress, anxiety, and depression levels during pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study used validated Hindi version of GASS-21 questionnaire, It was handed out to 1143 eligible and consenting patients across eight secondary care centres in Lucknow. RESULTS: The study enrolled 1143 participants and out of that, 8% were depressed, 19% were anxious, and 6% were stressed. The significant psychological drivers were family members who tested positive for COVID 19, death of a first degree family member, post covid infections and vaccination status. Patients who were not vaccinated for COVID were significantly more affected psychologically. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 and associated morbidity and mortality, post covid complications and vaccinations on apprehensions were significantly associated COVID-19 related psychological impacts that were studied.

Topical drug delivery system improved bioavailability, reduced side effects, more uniform plasma levels, longer duration of action, resulting in a reduction in dosing frequency and improve therapy due to plasma levels up to the end of the dosing interval compared to a decline in plasma levels with conventional oral dosage form. Emulgel are generally used where the other systems of drug administration fails to directly treat cutaneous disorders such as fungal infections, acne, psoriasis etc. Materials and methods: Fluconazole emulgel was optimized based on Design-Expert® software using central composite design (CCD) making Fourteen formulations using jojoba oil and liquid paraffin, Methylparaben, Propylparaben and Triethanolamine. Results and Discussions: - The spreadability test range find from 8.9 g.cm/min to 14.87 g.cm/min for the formulations F1 and F14, respectively. Formulations having low amount of jojoba oil and liquid paraffin had the high spreadability index. As the viscosity of the gel increased, the release of the drug was expected to be slower. Complete drug release (100%) was achieved at the 3rd hr for the formulations F1, F8, F7 and F14 released more than 80 % of the drug and in vitro results showed that an emulgel formulation can be a potential candidate for the delivery of fluconazole for the skin disease, with better in vitro physical, using jojoba oil and liquid paraffin as drug carriers. SEM analysis of emulgel shows the uniform structure of emulgel formulation.

BACKGROUND Supraglottic airway devices (SAD) like air Q and I-Gel are widely used in place of tracheal intubation for general anaesthesia. The present study was undertaken to compare the insertion conditions of these two supraglottic airway devices and as conduits for endotracheal tube (ETT) insertion in adult patients undergoing elective surgeries. METHODS 100 patients belonging to American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade 1 and 2 between 18 to 70 years were randomly divided into 2 groups of 50 each. In group A, Air-Q was used and in group B, I-gel. The following parameters were compared while inserting SAD and endotracheal tube (ETT): number of insertion attempts, insertion time, ease of insertion, intraoperative and postoperative complications. RESULTS Insertion in first attempt was 90 % in air- Q and 72 % in I-gel. The mean time of insertion for air-Q was 7.28 1.46 seconds which was shorter as compared to I-gel which was 8.46 2.18 seconds (p = 0.002). Air Q was easy to insert in 93 % cases and I-Gel in 52 % cases. ETT insertion through Air-Q was easy when compared to I-Gel .Complications occurred in some patients in both the groups. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that Air-Q has better efficacy than I-gel in terms of insertion conditions and as a conduit for endotracheal intubation.

Water resource management is the cornerstone of sustainable development. According to the most recent United Nations World Water Development Report, one-fifth of the world's population lives in areas of physical water scarcity. According to the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2012), by 2030 nearly half of the world's population will be living in areas of high water stress. Even in our country, 70 percent of the available water is not drinkable and a large number of people are getting prematurely aged due to the use of contaminated water. Many types of small and big industries, increasing population, excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the agriculture sector are responsible for the pollution of water. Due to which a large part of the available water is not usable, the dependence on underground water has increased. The continuous decline in the water level inside the earth has forced us to think about the protection of underground water sources. The purpose of the present article is to suggest some measures to deal with the water problem while discussing the water policy of India and the pollution status of water resources. Abstract in Hindi Language: जल संसाधन प्रबंधन सतत विकास की आधारशिला है। संयुक्त राष्ट्र विश्व के हाल ही के जल विकास रिपोर्ट के अनुसार, दुनिया की आबादी का पांचवां हिस्सा भौतिक जल की कमी वाले क्षेत्रों में रहता है। संयुक्त राष्ट्र आर्थिक और सामाजिक मामलों का विभाग (2012) के अनुसार 2030 तक विश्व की लगभग आधी आबादी उच्च जल तनाव वाले क्षेत्र में रह रही होगी। हमारे देश में भी उपलब्ध जलराशि का 70 प्रतिशत भाग पीने योग्य नहीं है और दूषित जल के उपयोग से बड़ी संख्या में लोग असमय काल-कलवित हो रहे हैं। जल के प्रदूषण के लिए कई प्रकार के छोटे-बड़े उद्योग, बढ़ती जनसंख्या, कृषि क्षेत्र में रासायनिक खाद एवं कीटनाशकों के अत्यधिक प्रयोग आदि उत्तरदायी हैं। जिससे उपलब्ध जल का एक बड़ा भाग उपयोग-योग्य न रह जाने के कारण भूमिगत जल पर निर्भरता अधिक बढ़ी है। पृथ्वी के अंदर जल-स्तर में निरन्तर हो रही गिरावट ने हमें भूमिगत जल स्रोतों की सुरक्षा हेतु सोचने को मजबूर किया है। प्रस्तुत आलेख का उद्देश्य भारत की जल नीति और जल संसाधनों के प्रदूषण की स्थिति की चर्चा करते हुए जल समस्या से निपटने के कुछ उपाय सुझाना है। Keywords: जल संसाधन, जल संसाधन प्रबंधन, जल संकट, भूमिगत जल, राष्ट्रीय जल नीति, प्रदूषण।

Background In this study, the literature was systematically reviewed to investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide concentrations on bleaching effect and tooth sensitivity.Data Sources: Electronic databases were screened, and hand searched. Searched electronic databases are PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Ovid Medline, Elsevier science direct, Wiley online library, Grey literature, Embase.Materials and Methods: A systematic review on controlled clinical trials MeSH terms used are (hydrogen peroxide) AND (bleaching) AND (tooth sensitivity). A trial on the bleaching effect and tooth sensitivity with various hydrogen peroxide concentrations were included. PRISMA guidelines were followed, and the PICO model was used. Cochrane risk assessment tool for randomized controlled trials was used.Results: A total of 5 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The analysis showed that high hydrogen peroxide concentration has a better bleaching effect accompanied by tooth sensitivity. Low hydrogen peroxide concentration also has a bleaching effect slightly minimal from the former, followed by less tooth sensitivity.Conclusion: This study concludes that the hydrogen peroxide with higher concentration is effective in bleaching and with lower concentration is less likely to produce tooth sensitivity

Background: Resin infiltration is a new therapeutic technique for WSLs (white spot lesions) that may bridgenonoperative and operative treatment options. It’s a minimally invasive procedure for filling, reinforcing,and stabilizing demineralized enamel without drilling or compromising good tooth structure. It has alsobeen found to slow the progression of caries in lesions that are too advanced to be treated with fluoride. Thecurrent investigation of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy of ICON® resin infiltration on WSLs.This literature review was conducted and reported according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items forSystematic Review and Metaanalysis) statement. Seven databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, OVIDMEDLINE, EMBASE, Grey Literature, Wiley Online Library) were used. The MeSH terms used were ‘Icon resininfiltration, ‘ white spot lesions, and ‘clinical trials. PICOS analysis of Population- Participants with white spotlesions; Intervention- Icon Resin Infiltration; Comparison- Comparing with other different therapies; Outcome-Regression or disappearance of lesions; Study design- Randomized controlled trials. Five cross-sectional studieswere included in this systematic review for the quality assessment of the efficacy of Icon resin infiltration onwhite spot lesions. All five studies reported a statistically significant difference between the Icon resin infiltration,lesion loss ratio, and color change. This systematic review concludes that the Icon resin infiltration on white spotlesion is effective during the initial period, i.e. first three months. Over time there is a color change in its masking.However, it is effective in reducing the lesion loss ratio.

Objective: In this study, the literature was systematically reviewed to evaluate the effect of play way a game based oral health education on oral hygiene of school children.Data Sources: Electronic databases were screened and hand searched. Searched electronic databases are PubMed, Cochrane library, Ovid Medline, Elsevier science direct, Wiley online library, Grey literature, Embase.Materials and Methods: Systematic literature review of clinical trials evaluating the effect of play way a game based oral health education on oral hygiene of school children by following PRISMA - Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. PICO model was used for population, intervention, comparison and outcome assessment. Cochrane risk assessment tool was used for bias analysis.Results: A total of 5 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The p-value is less than 0.05 showing that all the studies were statistically significant. Therefore, game-based oral health education is superior to conventional oral health education.Conclusion: This systematic review concludes that game-based oral health education effectively improves the oral hygiene of school children than conventional oral health education.

Background : Halitosis is an unpleasant malodour from the oral cavity that might be due to systemic origin or oral issues origin. Oil pulling in addition to offering several oral health benefits has also beneficial effects on overall health. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of oil pulling when compared to the chlorhexidine mouthwash usage. Methodology : It was a parallel design, single centre, double blinded randomized controlled trial of 15 days duration. The control group received Chlorhexidine mouthwash (Hexidine mouthwash) and study groups were provided with sesame oil. Halitosis was assessed by arbitrary 0-5 scale for organoleptic odor assessments. Gingivitis was evaluated using Löe and Silness index and plaque with Silness and Löe index. Results : The mean organoleptic scores at baseline, 15 days post intervention were 4.01 and 1.30 for chlorhexidine. The mean organoleptic scores at baseline, 15 days post intervention were 2.32 and 1.11 for sesame oil pulling group. Conclusion : It can be concluded that oil pulling is useful in reducing halitosis, plaque and gingivitis.

The bulk of skin conditions are seen in Ayurveda as being within the category of Kushtha, or "Ayurvedic dermatology." It is listed as among the “Ashta Mahagada”. Eczema is the most prevalent skin condition with societal repercussions. Up to 20% of children and up to 3% of adults might have eczema, and existing data reveal that it is becoming more common, especially in developing nations. The clinical picture of eczema resembles with Vicharchika – a variant of Kshudra Kustha that Ayurvedic dermatologists frequently meet and is marked by the symptoms of Kandu (itching), Srava (discharge), Pidaka (vesicles), and Shyava varna (discoloration). Aim: to assess how Samshodhana and Samshamana Karma contribute to the treatment of Vicharchika w.s.r. to eczema. Material & Method: A 66 years old male patient came to NIA OPD no 25 on 06/04/2022 with complaints of Atikandu (severe itching with thick edematous skin) on forearms, forehead and anterior to neck region having cracks with discharge for 5 years. He took contemporary medicines for the problem but did not get significant relief. Intervention: We started Aragvadha Patra lepa and Panchtikta Ghrit Pana followed by Virechana Karma by giving Trivrita Avaleha. Marked relief was found in sign & symptoms within 7 days and cured within 21 days of treatment. Conclusion: Study concluded that the above Ayurvedic treatment can prove to be an effective alternate management in eczema with proper diet and regimen.

Watermelon possesses anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties due the phytochemicals like lycopene, vitamin C and polyphenolic material. Cardiovascular health conscious patients are consuming essential nutrient watermelon. Antioxidant property of watermelon plays an important role in coronary heart disease, cancer, diabetes, tension as well dehydration of body. The present review provides the information about different varieties that gain more production and keep in regulatory dietary source because of their nutritional values. It also supports to the selection of watermelon variety for more production from this ancient fruit. This information will encourage production and consumption of watermelon in worldwide.

Hydatid disease is a parasitic disease which affects the liver and lungs mostly. Involvement of the pelvic organs is rare and presents with varying symptoms which often make it difficult to diagnose. In this report, we present a case of disseminated hydatid disease with cysts in the liver, spleen peritoneum as well as a paraovarian hydatid cyst concomitantly occurring with an ovarian endometriotic cyst on the same side.

Internet of Things (IoT) may be a worldwide System of “smart devices” which will sense and connect with their surroundings and interact with users and other systems. Global air pollution is one of the major concerns of our era. The level of pollution has increased with time by a lot of things like the increase in population, increased vehicle use, industrialization, and urbanization which ends up in harmful effects on human wellbeing by directly affecting the health of the population exposed to it. Air quality goes down when enough amount of harmful gases are present in the air like carbon dioxide, smoke, alcohol, benzene, NH3, and NO2. To analyses, we are developing an IoT Based pollution Monitoring System which we'll monitor the Air Quality over an internet server. Existing monitoring systems have inferior precision, low sensitivity, and need laboratory analysis. Therefore, improved monitoring systems are needed.

Background: Oral Cancer Is One Of The World's Most Common Types Of Cancer, With Delayed Diagnosis And Poor Prognosis. IndiaIs Among The Leading Countries With A High Rate Of Oral Cancer Due To Its Increased Tobacco Use Rate.Aim: This Study Aims To Assess The Prevalence Of Oral Cancer Among Tobacco And Non-Tobacco Users In Tamil Nadu.Materials And Method: A Systematic Review Of Cross-Sectional Studies Were Performed. The Data Was Searched Using ElectronicDatabases, And 376 Articles Were Screened. The Intervention And Outcomes Were Assessed In The Studies Included In TheSystematic Review. The Bias Assessment Done For The Article Was Based On The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Results: Overall Analysis Of The Studies Shows That The Prevalence Of Oral Cancer In Tamil Nadu Has Been Significantly IncreasingAnd That Smokeless Tobacco Causes Oral Cancer Compared With Other Forms Of Tobacco.Conclusion: The Prevalence Of Oral Cancer In Tamil Nadu Is Increasing Significantly With The Usage Of The Increased Amount OfTobacco, And Awareness Of The Ill Effects Of Tobacco Usage May Considerably Decrease The Rates.

Cloud storage systems are widely employed in many applications due to their improvement in cost, storage availability and security. Hybrid cloud platform refers to the architecture of a cloud system that combines more than one computing environments at a time. It can be either with one public and one private platform or the combination of two private or two public platforms. The hybrid cloud platform has the ability to share the information among the connected systems and that can be processed parallelly while accessing the data. The data that are stored in cloud platforms are mostly in unstructured format that could not be used for any applications like prediction, recommendation, and estimations. This paper reviews the attainments of the previous works that were used for data distribution and partitioning in a hybrid cloud platform, by ensuring the privacy and security of the stored data. The work also explores the future directions on the unstructured data processing by summarizing the research issues observed from the review analysis.

The future demand, increase in the price and environmental issues of fossil fuels necessitated the search of renewable alternate called biodiesel which reduces the dependence of fossil fuel import from other countries. The present research investigation outlines a detailed vision on the performance parameters and the exhaust characteristics of the methyl esters of papaya oil (POME) and flamboyant oil (FOME) and its blends on water cooled diesel engine comprising single cylinder running at 1500 rpm. The collected seeds are processed and found to contain oil percentage of 37% and 35% and they are esterified in a reactor to enhance its properties. From the result it is concluded that at maximum load, the blend B25 of papaya biodiesel accounted in better brake thermal efficiency than that of diesel with relatively less exhaust emission, such that the specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature, smoke density, carbon monoxide emission, hydrocarbon emission and nitrous oxide emission are 0.27 kg/kW-hr, 31.46 %, 318°C, 49.02 Hsu, 0.095 %, 55 ppm and 988 ppm respectively.

Background : Tumors metastasizing to the oral and maxillofacial region are rare and contribute to about 1% of all malignancies. Oral metastases usually occur in advanced stages of cancers. Mandible is the most common site for metastasis. It is a great challenge for a clinician to diagnose a metastatic lesion due to lack of pathognomonic signs and symptoms. Dental surgeons play an important role in patients where oral metastasis is the first sign of undiscovered cancer in other parts of the body. Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse the clinical, radiological and histopathological features of metastatic lesions to the oral & maxillofacial region. Materials And Methods: A total of 6 different histopathologically diagnosed cases of metastasis to the oral cavity were included in this study. Clinical demographic profile, radiographic findings, histopathological findings, treatment and follow up data were recorded and analysed.Results: All the cases included in the study were histopathologically diagnosed as metastatic tumors. The age of occurrence was in the range of 40 to 70 years and involved 3 males and 3 females. 4 cases had extra oral swelling as the clinical presentation. 4 cases involved the mandible. Radiolucent lesions involving the bone were seen in 87% of the cases.Conclusion: Based on the cumulative clinical data from the 6 cases, identification of metastatic tumors were based on histopathological findings correlating with the clinical radiographic and other investigations. Early diagnosis of the metastatic tumors of unknown origin could improve the chance of survival of patients.

Oral cancer is a severe hazard across the world due to its poor overall survival and potential to metastasize to different sites of the body. Despite recent advances in diagnostics, detecting Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) remains difficult. Conventional clinical diagnostics with assisted vital staging and optical approaches like velscope to identify OPMDs are both complex and ineffective. Rapid, easier, non-invasive and non-expensive methods with high sensitivity and specificity for precise diagnosis of OPMDs and Oral Cancer is the need of the hour to improve patient survival. Exosomes has recently become an appealing cancer biomarker in non-invasive early detection. Exosomes have unique physiology and pathology characteristics that reflect the cancer microenvironment and play a critical role in the incidence and development of cancer. Paper based biosensors have generated a lot of interest because of their excellent qualities like reduced technique sensitivity and real time output implying prospective role in cancer detection. In this review, we discuss in detail about paper based biosensor tools for early detection of various biomarkers, especially molecular identification and exosomes in oral cancer.

The seeds of Sapindus marginatus are commonly called as Ritha (Soapnuts) and belong to Sapindaceae family. Soapnuts are being considered and used major commercial ingredient in cosmetics, detergents as well as in many other products. Further, the various parts of S. marginatus are well known for their medicinal properties. Therefore, we sought to analyse chemical constituents present in the seeds of S. marginatus by GC-MS. The seeds were processed for oil extraction by Soxhlet extraction technique using the solvent as petroleum ether at 60 ͦC -80 ͦC, around twenty two percent oil was recovered from seeds sample. In findings more than 40 compounds were found. Among which six main monounsaturated compounds have been discussed according to their retention time (RT), %age of peak area, molecular formula and molecular weight. Moreover, GC-MS study revealed the presence of cis-Vaccenic acid (C18:1), cis-13-Octadecenoic acid (C18:1), trans-13-Octadecenoic acid (C18:1) at RT 22.18 and its peak area 40.48 %. These compounds were present in high amounts whereas cis-13-Eicosenoic acid (C20:1), cis-11-Eicosenoic acid (C20:1) and cis-10-Nonadecenoic acid (C19:1) at RT 23.56 and peak area 7.74 were present in low amounts in seed oil. These are prominent components present in the seed oil. Further, these compounds have various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-hypercholesterolemic activity etc. Therefore, we conclude that the seeds of S. marginatus can be used for medicinal purposes.

Detecting the rotten fruits become significant in the agricultural industry. Usually, the classification of fresh and rotten fruits is carried by humans is not effectual for the fruit farmers. Human beings will become tired after doing the same task multiple times, but machines do not. Thus, this paper proposes an approach to reduce human efforts, reduce the cost and time for production by identifying the defects in the fruits in the agricultural industry. If we do not detect those defects, those defected fruits may contaminate good fruits. Hence, we proposed a model to avoid the spread of rottenness. The proposed model classifies the fresh fruits and rotten fruits from the input fruit images. For this work, we have used three types of fruits, such as apple, banana, and oranges. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is used for extracting the features from input fruit images, and Softmax is used to classify the images into fresh and rotten fruits. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated on a dataset that is downloaded from Kaggle and produces an accuracy of 97.82%. The results showed that the proposed CNN model can effectively classify the fresh fruits and rotten fruits.

As population density and rural migration to cities increase, urbanization has a higher proportion and presents an enormous urban problem related to waste generation. Increasing waste generation has been identified as a significant challenge for large urban centers around the world and has been identified as a significant problem for countries with rapid population growth in cities. Cloud computing offers an automation opportunity through the Internet of Things (IoT) and cyber physical systems that change the way solid waste management approaches. Considering the IoT requirements, a review analysis of the waste management models available in the literature will be done in detail in this paper. Then, an in-depth review of the relevant literature will be conducted based on the IoT infrastructure for effective management of waste generated in urban conditions, focusing on interactions between subsidiaries and waste generators (citizens) from a low-cost perspective. As well as citizenship promotion. The IoT-based reference model is described and a comparative analysis of available solutions is presented, highlighting the most relevant perspectives on the topic and identifying open research issues.

The term Sustainability moved fast and made a rapid stride across every corner of the world. The most impactful usage of the phrase 'environmental sustainability' was made by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). In Indian parlance, it has been used in the context of energy requirements and the environment. To make 21st-century India, we must convert the crisis into opportunities by seeking alternative energy sources like solar energy, wind energy, hydro energy, etc., instead of currently used fossil fuel energy which is responsible for 76% of the greenhouse. Switching from fossil fuel sources and their mitigation lead to energy conservation and energy efficiency with the ultimate aim of graduating to renewable energy sources. Funding of clean energy has been largely unaffected by the COVID-19 pandemic and pandemic-related economic stimulus package offering possibilities for green recovery. No single interpretation of how the concept of Sustainability applies to energy has been accepted globally. The current energy system is responsible for the climate change, air pollution, and biodiversity loss. The concept of Sustainable energy development has been hovering around emission and energy security. However, since the early 90s, the concept has been broadened to encompass wider social and economic issues. India is producing 37% of its energy through renewable sources, which helped India improve its Renewable Energy Country Attractiveness Index (RECAI) ranking as 3rd in the world with 66.2 scores. This paper deals with the progress of India's commitment to zero carbon emission by 2070 and the challenges and opportunities ahead.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare the compressive strength of glass-ionomer cement (GIC) Type IX and Cention N. METHODS: Five samples each of GIC Type IX and Cention N were prepared for testing the compressive strength. Cylinders of the samples measuring 1 cm diameter and 6 mm height were prepared for compressive strength. Testing was done by mounting the samples in a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. RESULTS: The mean compressive strength of Type IX GIC (n=10) was 94.010 with standard deviation ±15.654 while the mean compressive strength of Cention V (n=10) was 125.567 with standard deviation ± 7.890. The values of the compressive strength Cention N were statistically significant (P < 0.5) as compared to GIC Type IX. CONCLUSION: The results suggest significantly higher values for mechanical properties of Cention N as compared to GIC Type IX.

Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign salivary gland neoplasm with its most common site of origin being the parotid gland, usually involving the superficial lobe of the parotid gland. Pleomorphic adenoma is a painless swelling which gradually increases in size if left untreated. It has a female predilection and occurs within the age range of 30-60 years. Here we report a rare case of a pleomorphic adenoma of the right submandibular gland presented by a 33 years old that was diagnosed using cytology, histopathology and managed by surgical excision.

To speed up the diagnosis of covid19 virus disease, an automatic automated approach for classifying computed tomography images of the chest is presented. The Automatic Detection Coronavirus Optimized Convolutional Neural Network (ADECOCNN) is a proposed convolutional neural network model for dividing infected, non-infected, and other pulmonary disease patients. The ADECO-CNN-optimized CNN model can categorise CT images with 99.99 % accuracy, 99.96 % sensitivity, 99.92 % precision, and 99.97 % specificity, according to extensive testing. CT imaging of the chest is highly recommended in the early detection of disease since it determines the amount and nature of the lesion. It also evaluates alterations that aren't obvious on X-rays of the chest. The shape, quantity, distribution, density, and accompanying symptoms of a lesion are all examined using CT imaging. Chest CT imaging can serve as a critical early warning indicator of being a COVID-19 carrier and can be extremely useful for patients who are experiencing any COVID-19-related symptoms.

This describes cloud storage system, it support for rapid development of cloud computing data leakage prevention algorithm and it implemented secure storage mechanism. CSSM adopted a hierarchical management approach and combined user password with secret sharing to prevent cryptographic materials leakage. Advanced encryption standard algorithm(AES) is implemented for encryption of data. The proposed scheme ensuring the reduced overhead and latency in system. The objective is to secure the cloud data with reduced leakage system. The main objective of the proposed mechanism is to secure cloud storage against data breach, which may be the result of targeted attack or management negligence (e.g. misconfiguration), in case hackers even some malicious administrator is able to steal user data.

The internet and web security are integral aspects of our daily lives. Many commercial firms provide clients with internet services. For web access, it is assumed that only the genuine user, who is a human, will register. Yet automated hacking programs can also do registrations with fake data that consume a lot of bandwidth, slowing down or occasionally even shutting down websites, leading to Distributed denial-of-service (DDOS) attacks. Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Human Apart (CAPTCHA) is the solution. Complex CAPTCHA is challenging for humans to recognize, but simple CAPTCHA is simple for AI to decipher. With the developments in neural networks and machine learning bots are mimicking humans and it is becoming difficult to distinguish humans and bots apart. This generated a need to think of some more innovative and novel CAPTCHA. Now, utilizing the same AIML approach to increase the efficacy of CAPTCHA and make it stronger against the bot attack. Biometric 3D Animated (B3DA) Algorithm proposed in this research is a novel approach based on the Face Detection AI algorithm along with handwritten 3D animated characters selected randomly to create a string which makes CAPTCHA simple that humans can identify but very difficult for bots. The test results have proven this to be a very robust CAPTCHA. The machine learning algorithm employed will keep on increasing the efficacy of this CAPTCHA each time the bot tries to break this.

Ewing’s sarcomas are rare, aggressive tumors with a tendency toward recurrence following resection, and early metastasis. Although patients of younger or older age account for almost 30% of instances, peak incidences occur between the ages of 10 and 20. We, hereby, report the case of a 10-year-old girl who presented with a 3-month history of pain in her right hip that was unable to be relieved by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicine and physical therapy. On examination, bone marrow aspiration revealed that the infiltration of malignant small round blue cells was managed by anticancer therapy successfully.

Customer conveys their opinion in natural language about an entity. Applying sentiment analysis to those reviews is a very complex task. The significance terms that are influencing the polarity of a review are not examined. The terms that are having contextual meaning are not recognized which are present across multiple sentences in a review. To address the above two issues, we have proposed an Attention-based Convolution Bi-directional Recurrent Neural Network (ACBRNN). In this model, two convolution layer captures phrase-level feature, while Self-Attention in the middle assigns high weight to the significant terms and Bi-directional GRU performs a conceptual scanning of review through forward and backward direction. We have conducted four different experiments viz., Unidirectional, Bidirectional, Hybrid and Proposed model on IMDB dataset to show the significance of the proposed model. The proposed model has obtained an F1 score of 87.94% on IMDB dataset which is 5.41% higher than CNN. Thus the proposed architecture performs well while comparing with all other baseline models.

Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is a software technology that makes it easy to pick, feed, and manage software robots that mimic human movements while interacting with digital systems as well as software. RPA in education can help teachers and administrators perform tasks and procedures automatically which may be difficult for them. Whether it be administrative, academic duties, or fund hr services, anyone can easily change it with the changing robot system. It helps educational institutions easily manage and handle high-volume activities. This paper shows the implementation of RPA in automating the entire process required in online meeting from scheduling online google meeting to sharing the meeting link in WhatsApp group and tracking the attendance of students in meeting.

Waste management is one of the serious challenges of the cities .The system now used in cities, continue to use an old and outmoded paradigm. Spilled waste containers giving off irritating smell causing serious health issues and atmosphere impairment. The Smart Waste Management System will simplify the existing serious scenarios. The Main objective of the project is to acquire user information regarding garbage disposal. Here we introduced Loyalty card Tracking system which the process where the information of the Registered user can be displayed through the php. Loyalty card is accessed by the RFID scanner .Through this process we can obtained details of registered user like Name, Mail id, Phone number, Gender. This will surely fetch a solution for the persons who handle our living environment without public care. Sorting of waste properly will help us to reuse and produce sufficient profit for the society.

The Kamal Transform is a mathematical tool used in solving the differential equations. Kamal Transform makes it easier to solve the problem in engineering application and make differential equations simple to solve. In this paper, we will discuss analytic solutions of differential equations including leguerre polynomial by using kamal transform. KEY WORDS: Kamal Transform, Leguerre Polynomial, Differential Equations.

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder associated with multisystem complications. The prevalence and incidences of the both types of diabetes are significantly increased over the past two decades. The recently published ICMR-INDIAB national study reported that there are 62.4 million people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 77 million people with prediabetes in India. These numbers are projected to increase to 101 million by the year 2030 due to changed of life style of the people all over the world. Habits of sedentary life, having a lot of fast foods and improper follow of diet habits are the main causes to develop Diabetes mellitus. It can be correlated with Madhumeha in Ayurveda. A 45 years old female patient treated in the OPD of Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Guwahati from 23rd Sept. 2020 with a complain of generalised weakness, weight loss, increase amount of urination and attraction of ant towards the excreted urine for 9 months. Examination, laboratory investigations and history leads to diabetes mellitus. Different Ayurvedic herbomineral drugs which were mentioned in different texts were given to the patient. It shows the effective results in the management of Madhumeha (Diabetes mellitus).

Psoriasis (Kitibha) is one of the most common chronic skin disorders, which has psychological and social impact on patient’s life. This disease is not contagious and may affect people of any age, but it commonly begins around 15 to 40 years. Psoriasis is commonly red and white hues of scaly patches appearing on the top of skin. This disease is equated to Kitibha in Ayurveda due to its invariable similarities in signs and symptoms. This case study aims to investigate whether Ayurvedic intervention can manage moderate to severe Psoriasis (Kitibha). A 41‑year old male came to the Outpatient Department (OPD) of Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Guwahati with clinical features indicative of Psoriasis. This case was diagnosed as Kitibha and was managed by Ayurvedic interventions of Kaishore Guggulu 1gm twice a day, Arogyavardhini vati 500mg twice a day, Panchtiktaguggulu Ghrit 3 gm twice a day and Brihat Marichyadi tail local application twice a day for 3 months at OPD level. The response to the treatment was found to be highly effective. At the end of the treatment period and follow up of 1 month as compared with baseline, highly significant changes were observed. Kaishore Guggulu, Arogyavardhini vati, Panchtiktaguggulu Ghrit and Brihat marichyadi tail in the above‑mentioned doses were found to be very effective and safe in moderate to severe case of Psoriasis (Kitibha).

To improve the flame retardant property, the admicellar polymerization process was applied to polymerize and coat the tris(2-acryl-oyloxyethyl)phosphate (PTAP) monomer on cotton fabric (CF). The polymerization was completed with the support of a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and an initiator 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and limiting oxygen index test (LOI) were performed to find out the effects on degradation and flammability of modified cotton fabric. One of the modified cotton fabric samples (CF-PTAP) show the decrease in onset temperature caused by acid catalyzed dehydration released from PTAP polymer placed on cotton fabric substrate. The increase in char yield (20.9%) and LOI value (25.0% demonstrated a condensed phase flame retardant action) owing to the presence of PTAP polymer on substrate.

Assessment of different soil attributes provides an insight into the soil-related constraints and potentials for sustainable agricultural planning. In the present investigation, 37 tea gardens were selected at random from tea growing areas of Himachal Pradesh during 2017-19 to evaluate the status of different soil attributes in surface (0-0.30 m) and sub-surface (0.30-0.60 m) soils. All the collected soil samples were analyzed for particle density, porosity, water stable aggregates, electrical conductivity, exchangeable Ca and Mg and microbial count as per standard procedures. The particle density, porosity and water stable aggregates in soils of tea gardens varied from 2.58 to 2.64 Mg m3, 39 to 57% and 26 to 58%. The electrical conductivity, exchangeable Ca and Mg were in the range of 85 to 210 dS m-1, 1.2 to 4.0 cmol (p+) kg-1 and 0.6 to 2.3 cmol (p+) kg-1 with a mean value of 134±35.8, 2.7±0.8 and 1.4±0.4, respectively. With regards to microbial count, the bacterial population ranged from 49 to 71 x 106 CFU, fungal population ranged from 36 to 69 x 104 CFU and actinomycetes population varied from 31 to 58 x 104 CFU.

The vinyl phosphonic acid a phosphorus-based monomer has been polymerized on the cotton fabric with the aid of a cationic surfactant and 2, 2/ -azobis(2-methypropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AIBA) an initiator with the aim to improve flame retardancy of fabric for the fire safety. The thermal and burning behaviour of treated fabric are studied using thermogravimetry (TG) and limiting oxygen index flammability test (LOI), respectively. This treatment alters the path of degradation of treated cotton fabric sample (CF-PVPA-3) having 1.2% phosphorus, which increased the carbonaceous residue up to 28.2% at 600°C in an inert atmosphere at the expense of flammable products. The LOI value of 28.5 % of treated cotton fabric indicates the attainment of flame retardant property

Mahseers belonging to genus Tor, Neolissochilus and Naziritor, comprise important groups of food and sport fishes in thefreshwater eco-systems. Tor mahseers being potential game fish are recognised as cultural icon in the pristine waters acrossthe globe. They also have high nutritional value with high content of DHA, EPA and amino acids which are important tohuman health. Presently, 17 species of Tor, 25 species of Neolissochilus and 2 species of Naziritor have been reported andvalidated throughout the world. However, due to several anthropogenic and natural activities, their population is dwindlingacross most of the natural ecosystems and IUCN has categorised the group as endangered. Change in temperature andmonsoon floods triggers the act of migration and spawning behaviour of mahseers in their respective ecological conditions.There are 47 species of mahseers in the world, out of which India harbours fifteen species. These species widely occur in therocky and pristine fast flowing streams of India, China, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Pakistanand Bangladesh. The present paper embodies the status of mahseers under the genera Tor, Neolissochilus and Naziritorto understand this magnificent group of fishes having extraordinary importance in terms of balancing aquatic biodiversitysustainability, creating opportunities for increasing livelihood though utilising this fish in sports (angling and ecotourism)and draws immediate attention for its conservation in inclusive and responsible manner. Keywords: Conservation, Ecotourism, GIS, Mahseer, Resource mapping

The CDK8 and 7dF3 inhibition activity of naphthyridine and isoquinoline derivatives have been quantitatively analyzed in terms of Dragon descriptors. The statistically validated quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models provided rationales to explain the inhibition activities of these congeners. The descriptors identified through CP-MLR analysis for the CDK8 inhibitory activity have highlighted the role of sum of the topological distances between N..N (T(N..N)), distance/detour ring index of order 6 (D/Dr06), aromatic ratio (ARR), number of double bonds (nDB), number of 6-membered rings (nR06), number of sulphur atoms (nS), number of unsubstituted sp2 hybridized aromatic carbon atoms (nCaH), number of aliphatic N hydrazines (nN-N), number of aromatic primary amines (nNH2Ph) and certain atom centered fragments such as R--CH--R (C-024), X--CR..X (C-034), H attached to C1(sp3)/C0(sp2) (H-047) and RCO-NN-X=X (N-072) to quantify the inhibitory actions. The highest eigen value n.2 of Burden matrix/weighted by atomic polarizabilites (BEHp2) and atomic Sanderson electronegativities weighted Geary autocorrelation of lag 8 (descriptor GATS8e) have also shown prevalence to model the CDK8 inhibitory activity. PLS analysis has also corroborated the dominance of CP-MLR identified descriptors. Applicability domain analysis revealed that the suggested model matches the high quality parameters with good fitting power and the capability of assessing external data and all of the compounds was within the applicability domain of the proposed model and were evaluated correctly. The models obtained from the descriptor pool that was chosen for the CDK8 inhibitory activity is able to explain nearly 74% variance in the observed 7dF3 activities of titled compounds.