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This study aims to improve students' scientific work skills by using a STEM-integrated Project Based Learning approach with simple water wheel props on energy and work in class X high school physics learning. The method used is classroom action research. The research was carried out in two cycles in class X SMA Negeri 1 Koto XI Tarusan on the material of work and energy by making a water wheel project. Aspects of students' scientific work skills observed were skills in asking questions, planning experiments, making observations, using tools/materials, analyzing experimental results, making conclusions, compiling experimental reports, and presentation skills. In the first cycle, students' work scientific skills were 64.35%, while in the second cycle, they were 78.5%. In addition to scientific work skills, students' conceptual knowledge also increased by 9.15%. The conclusion from this study is that the application of the STEM-integrated Project Based Learning approach with the waterwheel props can improve students' scientific skills. The STEM-integrated Project Based Learning approach with effective waterwheel teaching aids to improve students' scientific skills on energy and work materials in physics learning. Keywords: Scientific Work Skills, Physics, Project Based Learning, STEM

Although research on student scientific creativity can be found easily on the literature, it is difficult to get articles on how scientific creativity is presented for some decades. This article report scientific creativity from 1960 to 2022 which mined from Scopus database. 181 articles were analyzed using a bibliometric analysis. Publish or Perish (PoP), Mendeley and Vos Viewer were used to find the map of literature on scientific creativity. Keyword used in this research was merely “Scientific Creativity”. The results of the analysis using Vos Viewer show some interesting findings. First, although there have been publications published since 1960 on scientific creativity, from 2008 to 2022 the number of studies on this topic increased significantly. This may be due to the increasing attention of researchers to 21st century skills, creativity and other skills. Second, several findings from Vos Viewer show that there is no collaboration among researchers on scientific creativity that should be able to improve the quality and productivity of research around the topic. Third, the topics about the model and the effectiveness of scientific creativity are increasing. This matter can be taken into consideration by researchers to be used as the next research.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the principal's role as a leader in managing resources in schools that have a positive impact on the creation of effective school climate in SMA Negeri 1 Koto XI Tarusan. The research used is qualitative research where the data sources or respondents are all school residents including the principal, educators and education staff, students and committees as representatives of parents in the school. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews and documentation studies of school program documents such as RKJM, RKT, and RKAS as well as documentation studies of the education unit level curriculum which contains a program of activities carried out by schools within the next one year. Data analysis used interactive models, data validity using data triangulation. The results of research conclusions The principal as a school manager is able to determine achievement targets and milestones of success in implementing the RKS which is prepared based on the education quality report card and involves various parties, both in the 4-year Medium-Term Work Plan (RKJM) and the 1-year Annual Work Plan (RKT) so that implementation of program planning is more operational and its achievements are measurable. The principal's leadership in implementing school programs must refer to programs that have been previously designed by involving school members according to their respective main tasks and functions

This research aims to know the educational system of the Arab Republic of Egypt. The research method is literature review or literature study, which contains theories relevant to research problems. The result of the educational system of Egypt that the educational objectives are uphold democracy and the formation of democratic individuals. The authority is centralized, under the ministry of education and ministry of Al-Azhar. Curriculum preparation is carried out with teamwork consisting of experts, professors, consultants, and educational supervisors as well as experienced teachers. The government budgets 17% of the national budget. The educational structures are 1) basic education (ibtida'i), 2) secondary education/preparation (I'dadi), 3) upper secondary education (tsanawi), 4) higher education or university, and 5) elementary school level 6-11 years. The academic year start from June to August.

Background: Delayed gastric emptying and upper gastrointestinal symptoms occur frequently in patients with diabetes mellitus. Aim: To evaluate the effects of fedotozine on gastric emptying and gastrointestinal symptoms in diabetic gastroparesis. Methods: Thirty-one diabetic patients (20 type 1, 11 type 2) with gastroparesis were randomized to receive fedotozine (30 mg as the tartrate) or placebo t.d.s. Measurements of gastric emptying (100 g ground beef labelled with 20 MBq 99mTc-sulphur colloid chicken liver and 150 mL 10% dextrose labelled with 10 MBq 113mIn-DTPA) and gastrointestinal symptoms were performed before and after 12–16 days of treatment. Data are the mean ± s.d. Results: Of the 31 patients enrolled, two were excluded from analysis. Data from the remaining 29 patients (18 type 1, 11 type 2; 22 female, seven male), aged 42.7 ± 11.1 years (of whom 14 were randomized to fedotozine and 15 to placebo), were analysed. Fedotozine had no effect on either gastric emptying (solid retention at 100 min; fedotozine: baseline, 84 ± 15%; treatment, 73 ± 23% vs. placebo: baseline, 83 ± 10%; treatment, 70 ± 20%) or liquid 50% emptying time (fedotozine: baseline, 59 ± 32 min; treatment, 58 ± 38 min vs. placebo: baseline, 44 ± 9 min; treatment, 43 ± 21 min) or gastrointestinal symptoms (fedotozine: baseline, 4.4 ± 2.9; treatment, 4.1 ± 3.9 vs. placebo: baseline, 4.9 ± 4.2; treatment, 4.8 ± 3.9). Conclusions: Fedotozine has no effect on gastric emptying in patients with diabetic gastroparesis.

Proper management of the thermal environment during brooding is essential to performance in broilers. Brooding programs used in the broiler industry are prescriptive, but little information exists about thermal comfort in chicks. Identifying thermal conditions that chicks prefer would allow for better management of the thermal environment during brooding. The objective of this study was to determine thermal conditions that are preferred by broiler chicks. Thirty broiler chicks at seven days of age were fitted with a harness holding a miniature temperature data logger; air temperature directly above the chicks’ backs was measured every 3 minutes for 7 days from 8 to 14 days of age. Air temperature in the room was measured in 25 locations on the same interval as the harnesses. The room was held at 32.2 °C for the first week and reduced to 29.4 °C the second week. Air temperature as measured by the bird harnesses was significantly higher than that measured in the room. Overall least squares means for harness and room temperatures were 33.0 and 29.2 °C, respectively and were significantly different (P < 0.0001). The estimated difference between harness and room temperature was 3.8 °C with a standard error of 0.06 °C; the least significant difference was calculated as 0.15 °C.

The surveillance in public and private places, both physically and digitally, is increasing for different reasons. In this paper we intend to discuss surveillance and persuasive technology in an ethical perspective with an eye to its historical and cultural context. In section 1, we present some different tendencies of surveillance in society. In section 2, we elaborate on some important historical ideas on surveillance. In section 3, we consider the use of persuasive technology for surveillance purposes. In section 4, we discuss the development towards increasing surveillance in society, at work, in public places etc. In section 5, we draw up some ethical concerns on surveillance, and finally. In section 6, we discuss the question of a possible need for a public and democratic control of the use of surveillance technology.