Search

We present a microarray nonlinear calibration (MiNC) method for quantifying antibody binding to the surface of protein microarrays that significantly increases the linear dynamic range and reduces assay variation compared with traditional approaches. A serological analysis of guinea pig Mycobacterium tuberculosis models showed that a larger number of putative antigen targets were identified with MiNC, which is consistent with the improved assay performance of protein microarrays. MiNC has the potential to be employed in biomedical research using multiplex antibody assays that need quantitation, including the discovery of antibody biomarkers, clinical diagnostics with multi-antibody signatures, and construction of immune mathematical models.

Protein microarrays are an important tool when analyzing multiple analytes simultaneously. As the human genome contains approximately 20,000 genes, examining the interactions of even just one representative protein for each gene requires a high-throughput technique. For instance, the interaction between glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), a form of polysaccharide, and chemokines, small chemoattractant proteins, is critical for local inflammation. GAGs present in the glycocalyx on the surface of the cell bind to chemokines, which are released in response to injury. These chemokines can then form concentration gradients that direct the migration and recruitment of leucocytes via leukocyte receptors which in turn leads to immune cell responses, inflammation, or innate immunity and cell or antibody-mediated immune responses. Discovering the novel interactions between the GAGs and chemokines can help in designing drugs which can alter cellular binding to organ tissues, thereby potentially reducing damaging innate immune (inflammation) or acquired immune (antibody-mediated) responses., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Design and implementation of new biocompatible materials and achievements in the field of nanogenomics and nanoproteomics as well as in other related and allied sciences in the broader framework of translational and clinical nanomedicine are paving new avenues for nanodentistry. Classical dentistry is becoming more predictive, preventive, personalized, and participatory, providing the patients with a tailored and targeted treatment and handling of their diseases. Considering the global impact of the oral pathologies, being particularly heavy in underdeveloped and developing countries, it is mandatory from an ethical perspective to ensure a global oral health. Nanobiotechnologies play a major role in this ambitious goal. In this review, we will focus on the bioinformatics, nanogenomics, and nanoproteomics aspects of contemporary nanodentistry, emphasizing the urgent need for an integrated proteogenomics approach and addressing its clinical and translational implications and new future perspectives and scenarios., (© 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)