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[Introduction] The power output of China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) is periodic, which can not directly meet the stable and continuous input requirements of conventional power generation equipment. CFETR fusion power plant needs to integrate a specific process system between nuclear island and conventional island. [Method] By investigating the application of concentrating solar power plants and the literature research of fusion power plants, this paper presented a discussion based on the preliminary performance of CFETR about the comparison between energy storage and energy supplement, energy storage techniques, thermal storage mediums and thermal storage system schemes. [Result] For fusion reactors with water-cooled blanket and helium cooled blanket, it is proposed to integrate an indirect double-tanks sensible thermal storage system with hydrogenated triphenyl heat transfer oil and solar salt molten salt as thermal storage medium respectively, so as to ensure the stable and continuous operation of the power generation system. [Conclusion] The proposed energy storage scheme meets the conditions of large-scale commercial applications and supports the overall design of CFETR fusion power plant.

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Tissue absorbed dose (D) is a computed result for internal emitters. For fixed geometries, D is calculated by a matrix (S) multiplication of the integrated activity vector (Ã). The last quantity is usually measured by nuclear imaging of activity in various source organs and performing a temporal integration. à is the same as the total number of source decays. Dose is computed for a number of target organs - some of which will be the same as the source organs. The D = S*à relationship is general in that the same formula may also be used for voxels within organs or even down to the cellular level. Finding the activity (A) in source tissues may be done by a number of methods of which 6 are described. The most common clinical technique is the geometric mean (GM) image of an organ. Uncertainties in the GM method are ≈ +/- 30%. If one can do quantitative SPECT, PET or CAMI imaging, the variation is reduced to around +/- 6%. These last three techniques, however, require fusion of anatomic (e.g. CT) and nuclear images. The S matrix is generated via Monte Carlo methods and may be used in two formats. The most common is a set of phantom-derived values for regulatory or scientific considerations. An example is the OLINDA program from Vanderbilt University. In this case, the corresponding animal or patient à value must be normalized using blood flow arguments. A second format is modification of a phantom's S values for a particular patient using the latter's geometry as found in CT or MRI scans. Corrections in such cases may be 2-fold or more because of patient organ size variability. These variations may be due to genetic reasons and/or disease. Two caveats to the use of the above dose formulation should be mentioned. One exception is that the geometry may vary during tissue irradiation; e.g., by tumor size decrease due to immediate radiation dose effects. In this case, the standard formula is replaced by its differential form: dD/dt = S(t)*A(t). Dose rate may also be an important biological factor in assessing tissue response. A second important biological consideration is that effects - such as tumor regression - may depend upon higher powers of D than the first. Thus, the tissue response may not be a linear function of D, but would exhibit a sigmoid shape. One would anticipate such responses due to saturation of a biological system., Learning Objectives: 1. Knowing the general formula for internal emitter absorbed dose estimation. 2. Understanding the various methods used to measure activity, at depth, in source organs in a living animal or patient. 3. Realizing that two types of dose may be computed: one for a phantom and a second type for an individual patient. S values must be modified accordingly for these two computations. 4. Estimating uncertainties - including those in both à and S - involved in the dose estimation process., (© 2012 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.)