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This paper presents a constructive proof of the existence of a regular non-atomic strictly-positive measure on any second-countable non-atomic locally compact Hausdorff space. This construction involves a sequence of finitely-additive set functions defined recursively on an ascending sequence of rings of subsets with a set function limit that is extendable to a measure with the desired properties. Non-atomicity of the space provides a meticulous way to ensure that the set function limit is σ-additive.

In this paper, an approach of atomicity problems is presented by means of regularity. Characterizations and physical interpretations of atoms and non-atomicity for set multifunctions taking values in the family of all nonempty subsets of a topological space are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the notation ≺ and ≺≺ denote the Hardy-Littlewood-Pólya spectral order relations for measurable functions defined on a fnite measure space (X,Λ,μ) with μ(X)=a, and expressions of the form f≺g and f≺≺g are called spectral inequalities. If f,g∈L1(X,Λ,μ), it is proven that, for some b≥0, log[b+(δfιg)+]≺≺log[b+(fg)+]≺≺log[b+(δfδg)+] whenever log+[b+(δfδg)+]∈L1([0,a]), here δ and ι respectively denote decreasing and increasing rearrangement. With the particular case b=0 of this result, the Hardy-Littlewood-Pólya-Luxemburg spectral inequality fg≺≺δfδg for 0≤f, g∈L1(X,Λ,μ) is shown to be a consequence of the well-known but seemingly unrelated spectral inequality f+g≺δf+δg (where f,g∈L1(X,Λ,μ)), thus giving new proof for the former spectral inequality. Moreover, the Hardy-Littlewood-Pólya-Luxemburg spectral inequality is also tended to give (δfιg)+≺≺(fg)+≺≺(δfδg)+ and (δfδg)−≺≺(fg)−≺≺(δfιg)− for not necessarily non-negative f,g∈L1(X,Λ,μ).