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The study estimates farm level financing gap and allocative efficiency among tomato producers in North West, Nigeria. Primary data are collected based on a well-structured questionnaire. The result shows that the significant stimulus influencing technical efficiency of tomato producers are farm size, seed, fertilizer, chemical, and labour. The significant regressors influencing technical inefficiency of tomato producers are age, amount of credit received, years of experience, educational level, and extension contact. The addition of first order derivatives of the production factors which is called the scale efficiency shows the decreasing return to scale in the frontier version adding up to 0.9748. The outcomes of the allocative efficiency [r] show that tomato producers under-utilized seed, land, fertilizer, chemical, and labour. The mean amount of finance (credit) per season the tomato producers had obtained is N 54,470, while the mid-estimate of financing gap (FINGAP) in the form of finance (credit) needed to produce (yield) at the frontier stage is N 312,641.66, this shows a credit shortfall of about 82.57%. Filling the FINGAP of smallholder tomato producers would increase the efficiency and productivity of rice farmers to meet the rise in demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology (CTJPP) / Kıbrıs Türk Psikiyatri ve Psikoloji Dergisi is the property of Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology (CTJPP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology (CTJPP) / Kıbrıs Türk Psikiyatri ve Psikoloji Dergisi is the property of Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology (CTJPP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study covers the Sambisa Forest and the Mandara Mountains, where international policy focuses on Boko Haram and ISWAP. It argues that the Sambisa and Mandara geographies in north-eastern Nigeria should be declared a safe zone. In this respect, the study presents certain recommendations and announces these recommendations as the Sambi-Mandara Security Action Plan which is named after the combination of the words, Sambisa and Mandara. Ultimately, the security of a country can affect the continent and, particularly, the geographical area, in which it is located, as well as influencing international politics. It analyses how the terrorist groups active in the region affect international security and how regional states, especially Nigeria, and global powers should follow a path through the Sambi-Mandara Security Action Plan in order to ensure security. The study reveals that Boko Haram and ISWAP terrorist organizations active in Nigeria constitute a security problem. It is to analyze that this problem is not only Nigeria-centred but also threatens international security. The main purpose of the study is to provide solutions to the problem and to ensure that necessary measures are taken. Although Nigeria has a powerful military and economy, it has not been able to end either Boko Haram or ISWAP. In fact, one of the main factors in the strengthening and growth of these organizations originated from the policies implemented of the government. It is not difficult to understand how and why the Boko Haram organization that it came to the fore with such an active act terrorism, especially when the era of President Jonathan is taken into consideration. Policies such as unproportional use of force, economic inequality, political climate of fear, sociocultural distinction and marginalization implemented against the northern peoples by the Jonathan government provided an advantage to Boko Haram's in growing and gaining many new members in that period. The most violent attacks of the Boko Haram organization coincided to the Jonathan period between 2011-2015. Although the attacks that took place under the administration of President Buhari in years 2015-2023 decreased according to the previous years, attacks still continued. The only reason of the decrease in attacks in this period is the disagreements and splits within Boko Haram. With the emergence of the ISWAP organization in 2016, the intensity of the conflicts has changed. This situation has turned into a triple conflict atmosphere. The conflicts between the government, Boko Haram and ISWAP have deeply affected the people of the region. The Sambisa Forest and Mandara Mountains, where first Boko Haram and then ISWAP were deployed, were the main centres of these conflicts. In order to ensure security, the Nigerian Government should implement the Sambi-Mandara Security Action Plan. In line with this Action Plan, it should give importance to national, environmental and international co-operation. In order to restore the Sambisa Forest and the Mandara Mountains to their former habitat, it should initiate a large-scale study of the area. In this context, it should give place to soft power elements in the region, primarily in the sociocultural field. It should give importance to sustainable development activities nationally, not only in the southern regions. In short, in order to end Boko Haram and ISWAP terrorist organizations, the Nigerian government should both investigate the reasons for joining the organization and make all necessary investments in the region. Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad and Niger, as well as the African Union, have to act together if they want the continent to be free of Boko Haram and ISWAP terrorist organizations. Although there is an image that they are acting together, it is understood from the terrorist attacks in the region that this movement is not sufficient. In order to revitalise the Sambisa Forest and the Mandara Mountains, which have been used as a conservation and touristic area for many years, the Nigerian Government, as well as the Governments of Cameroon and Chad, should provide the necessary assistance. Ultimately, this assistance will be important for ensuring not only Nigeria's national security, but also regional and international security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the effect of remittance inflows on Nigeria economy as proxy with gross domestic product (GDP). The research specifically focuses on 41 years from 1981 to 2021, analyzing data from the Central Bank of Nigeria's statistical bulletin and the World Development Index. Through correlation analysis, unit root and co-integration tests, as well as error correction model estimation, the study investigates the relationship between remittance inflows and GDP growth. The results demonstrates that, in the short term, remittance inflows had an insignificant negative effect on Nigeria's GDP growth (-0.337970, p > 0.05). However, in the long run, remittance inflows shows a significant positive impact on the GDP growth rate (1.973835, p < 0.05). These findings highlight the importance of channeling remittances into productive activities within the home country. While short-term inflows may not contribute significantly to economic growth, sustained and increasing remittance inflows can play a crucial role in driving Nigeria's economic expansion. The study recommends the implementation of policies, programs, and systemic reforms to encourage the productive utilization of remittances. It emphasizes the need to ensure that remittances are utilized in ways that contribute to longterm economic growth and development. Furthermore, the study calls for the establishment of measures to prevent brain drain, protecting Nigeria's valuable human capital from being solely driven by financial incentives, which may not be evenly distributed for productive purposes in the short and medium term. These measures will help foster a balanced approach to leveraging remittance inflows for sustainable economic progress in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Business Administration & Social Studies is the property of Aves Yayincilik Ltd. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of NEU Journal of Faculty of Architecture (NEU-MFD) / YDÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of NEU Journal of Faculty of Architecture (NEU-MFD) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study evaluated the profit efficiency of paddy rice marketing in Kaduna State, Nigeria, with implications for food security and poverty alleviation. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted. A total sample size of 180 paddy rice marketers was selected. Primary data were obtained using a well-structured and well-designed questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result shows that the mean ages of producers, wholesalers, and retailers that are involved in rice marketing were 46, 44, and 41 years old. Paddy rice marketing is profitable. The producers had the highest marketing margin and the lowest operating ratio of 85.82% and 0.12, respectively. The retailers had the highest marketing efficiency of 20.92%. The rates of return on investment for producers, wholesalers, and retailers involved in paddy rice marketing were 5.54, 4.27, and 3.78, respectively. The purchase price, transportation cost, labor cost, and fees were the significant factors influencing the profit efficiency of the actors involved in paddy rice marketing. The significant socioeconomic factors influencing the profit inefficiency of paddy rice marketing among actors were age, gender, educational level, access to credit, and membership of cooperatives. The mean profit efficiency score for actors was 0.46, leaving a gap of 0.54 for improvement. The study identified transportation, finance, roads, and market infrastructure as the major problems associated with paddy rice marketing. The study recommended that credit facilities should be provided and made accessible; also, investment in market and road infrastructure is necessary to create an enabling environment for effective and efficient marketing.

The aim of this study is to defamiliarize Gayatri Spivak's pessimistic approach regarding the condition of the subaltern as a female subject. Spivak's subaltern, misrepresented by the male-dominated West and the male-dominated East and therefore not belonging to any particular social group, has no history and cannot speak for herself. The position of the subaltern woman is examined based on Buchi Emecheta's Kehinde (1994), which deals with the circular migration of the eponymous character - Kehinde - from Nigeria to England, back to Nigeria and then back to England. The novel explores the binary between the self and the other of the subaltern woman in relation to the native and host cultures. To this end, the study uses several postcolonial concepts by Homi K. Bhabha, discussed at length in his book The Location of Culture (1994), such as mimicry, liminality, appropriation, and ambivalence, which, in its turn, conceptualises the position of the Nigerian subaltern woman in relation to cultural difference. The study foregrounds the validity of the popular woman theory known as African feminism, which specifically addresses the situation of African women. This approach also makes it possible to redefine the traditional concept of femininity in Nigerian culture. The study shows how cultural difference affects the growing consciousness of the subaltern woman, which ultimately helps her to become an independent person. The study concludes that, unlike Spivak's subaltern, the Nigerian subaltern creates her own space from which she can speak for herself in the male-dominated society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Emerging Economies & Policy is the property of JOEEP: Journal of Emerging Economies & Policy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research in Agricultural Sciences is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cybercrime has been a major global criminological challenge in recent years. Regarded as one of the epicenters of international Internet fraud, Nigeria is gaining notoriety as a cybercrime hotbed. With the continuing advancement in technological innovations and the growth of terrorism in Nigeria, cyberattacks are also a continuing threat. Efforts to tackle the threat of cybercrime have mainly been ineffective. Even though the Nigerian government has introduced measures to tackle the danger posed by cybercrime to economic and social growth, the piecemeal approach it has used in the past has yielded no tangible results. In this paper, we argue that cybercrime cannot be confronted by the Nigerian government alone without a comprehensive, holistic approach, including international cooperation. We examined the various strategies employed by the Nigerian government to curb cybercrime and why cyber criminality has been a malignant tumor that has refused to subside. We also outline some policy measures and recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mediterranean Nursing & Midwifery is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of EUL Journal of Social Sciences / LAÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of EUL Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Arapça, Afrika kıtasında İslâm’ın on üçüncü asırdan on dokuzuncu asra kadar geçen süre zarfında yayılması neticesinde ortaya çıkmıştır. Müslümanlar kıtada yaşayanlar arasında İslâm’ı yayarak farklı alanlara dağılmışlardır. Kıtada yer alan Nijerya’da Arapça, İslam ile pek çok merhale geçirmiş ve zaman içerisinde ülkenin uleması da İslâmî ilimlerin yanında Arap edebiyatı konusunda da bilgi sahibi olmuşlardır. Özellikle Nijerya’nın Sokoto şehri, sosyal duruma yönelik emel ve ümitlerini yorumlayan meşhur şairlerle doluydu. Bu şairler inançlarına muhalif sosyal hayatı hem tenkit etmişler ve hem de toplumu ıslaha çağırmanın yanında hem sosyal çürümeye yönelik savaş açmışlar ve hem de toplumda baskın olan hayata karşı mücadele vermişlerdir. Bu husustaki düşüncelerini ise şiirlerle açıklamaya çalışmışlardır. Nijerya’nın önde gelen şairlerden Vezîr Cüneyd, Sokoto’da dünyaya gelmiş, çocukluğundan itibaren pek çok avantaja sahip bir şekilde yetişmiş, ilim yolunda ortaya koyduğu bütün bu çaba ve gayretin sonucunda geniş bir kültür elde etmiş, idrak ve kabiliyeti genişlemiştir. Sarf, aruz, belâgat ilimlerinde uzmanlaşmış ve Arap edebiyatında kasideler yazarak yeteneğini ortaya koymuştur. Şiirine sosyal meseleler yanında din, mersiye ve medih gibi şiir sanatı hâkim olmuştur. Doğaçlama şiir söyleyebilen, gördüğü ve aklına gelen bir şeyi niteleyebilendir. İstenilen manaya işaret eden lafızları seçme yeteneği şiire güzellik katmıştır. Beyitlerde kullandığı lafızların çoğu akıcı, kulağa hoş gelen harflerden olmuştur. Anlama uygun lafızların seçiminde çok hassas davranmış ve ağır gelen lafızlara yer vermemiştir.

Copyright of Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study evaluated users’ perceptions of the service quality of the readers’ service section of the University of Ilorin Library. A survey research design was used to conduct its analysis. The target demographic for the study is the 45,885 undergraduate students who attend the University of Ilorin in Ilorin, Nigeria. For the study, a simple random sampling technique was used, and a questionnaire served as the instrument for gathering data. The findings showed that lending and interlibrary loan services, provision of seating and study facilities, reference services, current awareness services, user education and information literacy programs, exhibition, display, and publicity, selective information dissemination, and digital library services are just a few of the ways that the University of Ilorin in Ilorin, Nigeria, provides readers’ services. The university library has greatly improved the number of information services it offers to its users by integrating digital technologies to complement the conventional mode of information distribution. Although the study’s finding was that the service quality of the University of Ilorin library’s readers’ service section is not yet outstanding, it is still somewhat satisfactory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Professional misconduct involving police officers has consistently put the Nigeria Police Force in a bad light and negatively impacts the public image of the law enforcement agency. In view of this, this study investigated incidents of police professional misconduct recorded in Nigeria between 2008 and 2018. Differential association theory and situational choice theory were employed as conceptual framework. Data were strategically elicited through content analysis of the online versions of three purposively selected first generation national newspapers in Nigeria. The results revealed that 137 cases of police professional misconduct were captured within the timeline. The highest percentage (32%) of the cases was reported in 2017 with Lagos State alone accounting for 29.9%. Furthermore, the involvement of police personnel in unethical behaviour was generally high in the last four months of every year. Extra-judicial killing (36.5%) was the most commonly reported type of police professional misconduct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Burdur Theology Journal / Burdur İlahiyat Dergisi is the property of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Universitesi lahiyat Fakultesi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Business Science (JOBS) / İşletme Bilimi Dergisi (JOBS) is the property of Journal of Business Science / Isletme Bilimi Dergisi (JOBS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Some Staphylococcus species are zoonotic and the non-zoonotic species may harbor antibioticresistance genes for transmission to humans via the food chain. The study aimed at determining the staphylococci contamination of beef processed for human consumption and the antibiogram of the organisms. Isolation and identification of Staphylococcus from beef and the meat contact surfaces were done following standard microbiological protocols, including the Application Programmed Interface. Disc diffusion method was used to test the susceptibility of the staphylococci to 14 commonly used antimicrobial agents. The mean staphylococci load of the beef before processing was 5.0 × 109 ± 1.0 × 105 and 7.1 × 109 ± 1.0 × 106 cfu/cm2 after. Of the 200 samples tested, Staphylococcus spp. were isolated in 25 (12.5%). The isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (12%), Staphylococcus xylosus (56%), Staphylococcus cohnii (16%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (12%), and Staphylococcus hominis (4%). Twenty-two (88%) of the isolates were resistant to antimicrobials, including those listed in World Health Organization's list of "high" and "highest" priority antibiotics. Eighteen isolates (81.8%) were multidrug resistant while 4 (21%) were resistant to at least 1 antimicrobial agent. Isolation of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus from beef and the meat contact surfaces portends significant food safety and public health risks as the organisms or their resistance determinants are transmissible to humans via the food chain. This emphasizes the need for the adoption of the "farm to fork" concept of food safety in beef production and processing lines to forestall staphylococci meat contamination and hence the untoward public health and economic consequences thereof. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Campylobacter infection is zoonotic and has remained a global economic and public health concern. The bacteria cause gastroenteritis and other debilitating health and economic problems in both animals and humans. Epidemiological factors and risk practices aiding the acquisition and dissemination of the infection still subsist in developing countries, particularly Nigeria, but epidemiological information on the distribution and control of the infection is sparse. Taking cognizance of the significance of epidemiological data, this study systematically reviewed 53 eligible articles on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profile of Campylobacter isolates from animals, food matrices, and humans in Nigeria from 1981 to 2022. The 53 articles have a pooled sample population of 9329, 3529, 571, and 5523 from animals, food matrices, water, and humans, respectively. C. jejuni and C. coli were the most reported species with prevalence range: 5.3%-60.7%, 3.5%-92.7%, 14.3%-27.7%, 8.8%-68.8%, 4.8%-96%, 0.5%-43.8%, and 7%-70% in poultry, other food-producing animals, companion animal, water, food of animal origin, children <5 years old, and other individuals at risk, respectively. A pooled prevalence of 26.8%, 23.1%, 20.7%, 34.8%, 53.7%, 12.7%, and 25.4% in the same order was calculated. Of the 53 articles reviewed, molecular diagnostics tools were employed in 11 (21%) while multidrug resistance was reported in 15 (28%). Intensification of food animal production, use of protective wares by animal and meat handlers, adequate cooking of foods of animal origin, prudent use of antibiotics in animal agriculture, and a coordinated One Health approach to the control of campylobacteriosis has become pertinent in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Etkileşim: Academic Journal of Uskudar University Faculty of Communication is the property of Etkilesim and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Management Academy is the property of Uluslararasi Yonetim Akademisi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Administrative Sciences / Yonetim Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart Universitesi, Terzioglu Kampusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Universitesi lahiyat Fakultesi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakültesi Dergisi DTCF Dergisi is the property of Ankara Universitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakultesi (DTCF Dergisi) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Middle Eastern Studies / Ortadoğu Etütleri is the property of Turkmen Cooperation & Cultural Foundation Center for Middle Eastern Strategic Studies (ORSAM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nigeria is among the major countries contending with the social problem of street begging. The pervasiveness of the problem has continually placed it at the front burner of scholarly engagements and intellectual discourse. However, despite the existence of abundant literature on the phenomenon of street begging, the epistemological and methodological issues typically embedded in the process of data elicitation from street beggars in Nigeria are yet to command adequate scholarly attention. Therefore, this article attempted to fill this observed lacuna by focusing on the necessity for data collection on street begging and the major challenges that are associated with data elicitation from street beggars in Nigeria. The paper ascribed the necessity for data collection on street begging to multiple reasons. Language barrier, the fluid nature of street begging, the mobile nature of street beggars, and trust issue are among the major challenges that are associated with data collection on street begging research in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance among the Enterobacteriaceae members has progressed from multi to extensively drug-resistant status, thereby limiting the treatment options for immunocompromised patients (ICPs). Monotherapy application has been proven unsuccessful in many cases, thereby necessitating a combination therapy for optimal treatment. Materials and Methods: The incidence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) pathogens among ICPs was studied and they were screened for β-lactamase production, and the effectiveness of antibiotic combination against the XDR Enterobacteriaceae isolated from a Federal Medical Center in Nigeria was determined using the standard Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute methods. Checkerboard assay was used to determine the synergy between piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP)/amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMC) and each of ceftazidime (CAZ), ceftriaxone (CRO), and gentamicin (GN) by using fractional inhibitory concentration indices. Results: A total of 68 Enterobacteriaceae members were isolates and 15 (22.1%) were XDR. Of the 68 isolates, 53.3%, 13.3%, and 0% were extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), AmpC, and carbapenemase producers, respectively. A resistance to meropenem was expressed by 37.5% in XDR E. coli, 60% in K. pneumoniae, and 100% in Enterobacter aerogene. Equally alarming was the colistin resistance expressed by 50% in XDR E. coli and 20% in K. pneumoniae. Mono antibiotics with favorable activities against the XDR Enterobacteriaceae included colistin, tigecycline, and meropenem. The synergy was observed for XDR E. coli and K. pneumoniae when TZP was combined with CAZ and CRO. No synergy was observed when AMC was combined with either CAZ or GN. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the incidence of XDR Enterobacteriaceae among ICPs and suggested TZP plus CAZ or CRO as a useful treatment combination for infections due to XDR Enterobacteriaceae, including the co-producers of ESBL and AmpC β-lactamase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The farmer-herder conflicts (FHCs) in Nigeria have aggravated in recent years, and so too has its scholarly inquiry. However, there is yet a critical geopolitics analysis of the conflicts despite their geopolitical manifestations. This paper explores the geopolitical imagination of the conflicts based on the “ Grammar of Geopolitics approach” of Gearóid Tuathail. Data used were newspapers’ stories and supplemented by government and independent bodies’ reports. The article shows that the conflicts are represented with ecological and socio-political storylines with local, regional, and global inclinations. They are imagined as evolving from local disagreements to entangle regional political crises and shaped by global environmental shocks (especially climate change) on local communities. The geopolitical storyline of the Nigerian government portrays the conflict as entrenched in lands and amplified by regional crises. The administration’s proposed socio-spatial arrangement (cattle colony) to segregate nomadic herders from arable farmers to avert violence has failed to gain traction in Nigeria’s various areas. The policy itself contradicts the ancient system of nomadic pastoralists, who flourish in smooth space and would not thrive in a constrained striated space. Thus, apart from addressing the environmental and ecological problems associated with the conflicts, the issue of regional geopolitical dynamics within Nigeria and the West Africa region has to be considered. Removal of regional barriers to access and inclusion of the pastoralists in resource use via a trans-regional framework recognizing local needs and disparities is vital. The paper indicates that the grammar of the geopolitics model can handle the media discourse of the FHCs in Nigeria well and helps to organize the narratives (if corroborated with extant scholarly literature as in the case of climate change-FHCs nexus) in such a way that avoids falling into inherently subjective trappings of the media storylines. Thus, the model is best suited for its purpose–to analyze geopolitical imaginations emanating from media sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to assess the effects of corruption on Nigerian enterprises performance using data from the World Bank's Enterprises Survey, (Panel Data) for the years 2007, 2009, 2014. The Pooled Regression Model was applied. The corruption measured by six indicators, namely electrical connection, water connection, phone connection, construction-related permit, total annual informal payment to public officials and give gifts to public officers to get things done. The performance measured by the sale and purchase of fixed assets. The results of the study somehow contrast, as the payment for the water connection is significant and positively affecting firms' performance. But construction-related permit has a negative impact on the performance but insignificant. Meanwhile, the level of firms expected to give gifts to public officers "to get things done" significant and positively affect the enterprises' performance. As for the total payments to the public officers is significant and has negative effects, which indicates the medium or long terms impacts. This may be explained by the fact that developing economies are characterized by formal institutional flaws such as ineffective public administration and weak rule of law. Unlike other studies, this study indicates that corruption represents an obstacle to Nigerian enterprises' performance. The public authorities should move away from increasing the costs of corruption by implementing standards of transparency. Entrepreneurs also must search for alternatives to avoid paying bribes, such as leasing financing and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigative journalists have the special role of conducting investigations and reporting on them. In Nigeria, studies have confirmed that a lot of investigative reports are found in the traditional media, both broadcast and print, and most of these reports, which are about financial scandals, originate from government agencies saddled with the responsibility of battling corruption. This paper applies the social responsibility theory of the press to investigate the transformation and change in investigative reporting in Nigeria as occasioned by the COVID-19 pandemic and disseminated on the social media. The study focuses on the COVID-19 tweets of Fisayo Soyombo, an acclaimed Nigerian investigative journalist who has over 101,000 followers on Twitter. Soyombo's tweets from 1 April 2020 to 30 June 2020 harvested from his eponymous Twitter handle formed the study sample. By identifying narratives of corruption, scandal stories and follow-up stories in the tweets, the paper finds out that unlike what obtains in the traditional media, Soyombo initiates investigation into the non-financial activities of people in positions of authority and seizes the opportunity of asynchronous communication on Twitter to report his findings regularly. However, the same asynchronicity as well as the unfolding events of the pandemic also cause him to end up with many questions and not enough answers. Nonetheless, the paper concludes that such questions can form the basis of further investigations beyond the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ULUM Journal of Religious Inquiries is the property of ULUM Journal of Religious Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of EUL Journal of Social Sciences / LAÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of EUL Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The challenge of food insecurity made most of the intervention agencies in sub-Saharan Africa to tilt their goal towards increase in productivity. This desire still remains a myth as the farm resource productivity of the major clienteles-smallholder farmers that are the pivot of food security is very poor. In lieu of the foregoing, this research attempted to determine the technical efficiency of USAID MARKETS II in Nigeria's Kano State using a total of 189 beneficiary farmers obtained through a multi-stage sampling technique. A well-structured questionnaire complemented with interview schedule was used for data elicitation and the collected data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The empirical finding showed that none of the farmers was a frontier farmer as their efficiency scores fell below the frontier surface. However, more than half of the farmers are fairly efficient as their efficiency score exceeded the average score of 0.8639, thus very close to the frontier. On the average, it can be inferred that the technical units have the scope to expand their technical efficiency by 13.61%, thus bridging the output lost of 311kg. Besides, the technical efficiency was inhibited by extension gap, thus the need to create an enabling environment viz. adequate market linkage for the farmers thereby enhancing the going concern of the farm business. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Journal of Agricultural Sciences (YYU J Agr Sci) is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Agricultural Sciences / Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Impaired physical growth is one of the prolonged effects of deficient iodine, a micronutrient. Thus, this study aimed to determine the relationship between the urinary iodine levels and anthropometric indices in a population of schoolchildren in Ilorin, North-Central Nigeria. Material and Method: This was a cross-sectional analytical study carried out among primary schoolchildren in Ilorin, North-Central Nigeria. We recruited a total of 492 children aged 6-12 years through a multi-staged systematic sampling technique. Anthropometry was determined using standard methods. We collected urine samples from the pupils and analysed them for iodine in the laboratory using the Sandell-Kolthoff method. Results: Of the 492 children recruited, 13 (3.2%) were under weight, 23 (4.7%) were stunted, 21 (4.3%) had thinness and obesity was found in 7 (1.5%). The mean (SD) weight for age Z score (WAZ) was -0.216 (1.089), and height for age Z score (HAZ) was -0.073 (1.286). The mean weight for height z score (WHZ) and weight for age Z score (BAZ) were 1.036 (0.002) and -0.428 (0.976) respectively. A total of 26.5% of the schoolchildren had mild iodine deficiency, 0.4% had excess urinary iodine levels and no child had moderate or severe iodine deficiency. There was no relationship between the urinary iodine levels and anthropometric indices (WAZ p=0.665, HAZ p= 0.978, WHZ p=0.375, and BAZ p=0.928). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Gana ve Nijerya'da bulunan kan bağışçıları arasındaki hepatit B prevalansının sistematik bir derleme ile karşılaştırılması amaçlamıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Gana ve Nijerya'da kan donörleri arasında hepatit B prevalansı üzerinde karşılaştırmalı sistematik bir derleme yapıldı. İncelenen makaleler 2010 ve 2017 yılları arasında yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Gana'daki kan donörleri arasında hepatit B'nin prevalansı %7,23 ile %14,60 arasındayken, Nijerya'daki kan donörleri arasında yaygınlık oranı %7,50 ile %19,90 arasındadır. Sonuç: Her iki ülkede hepatit B için endemik olmakla birlikte, Nijerya'daki kan donörleri arasında hepatit B'nin yaygınlık oranı Gana'daki kan donörlerinden daha yüksektir.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, çocukların kafa şekilleri, kraniyal indeks değerleri kullanılarak araştırıldı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bir yıl boyunca, Çocuk Sağlığı Merkezi, Usmanu Danfodiyo Üniversitesi Eğitim Hastanesi, Sokoto, Nijerya’da, 0-36 aylık 210 normal çocuğun (100 erkek ve 110 kadın) kraniyal uzunluk, kraniyal genişlik ve kraniyal indeksleri standart kranial işaret ve prosedürleri kullanılarak belirlendi. Kafa şekilleri paterni, çalışma katılımcılarından elde edilen kranyal indeks değerleri kullanılarak belirlendi.Bulgular: Kranial uzunluk, kraniyal genişlik ve kraniyal indeks için ortalama ve standart sapma değerleri sırasıyla 13.79 ± 1.79 cm, 10.95 ± 1.39 cm ve 79.49 ± 3.42 idi. Erkek çocukların kraniyal genişlik değerlerinde kız çocuklarına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış gözlenmiştir. Bu arada, cinsiyetler arasındaki ortalama kranial uzunluk ve ortalama kraniyal indeks değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu. Bu çalışmaya göre; erkek çocuklarında baskın kafa şekli tipi Mezosefali (% 31.90), kız çocuklarında Brachysephaly (% 26.19), en az gözlenen kafa şekli ise erkeklerde Hiper-brakisefali (% 1.42) ve kızlarda dolikosefali (% 0.47) idi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada değerlendirilen kranial parametreler, kafatasının ve beynin büyümesinin iyi bir göstergesidir, bu nedenle özellikle doğum sonrası yaşamın ilk üç yılında beyin haraketlerinin zamanlaması ve etyolojisini belirlemede klinik öneme sahip olabilir.

The present research empirically determined the factors that influenced the choice of combined labour for efficient yam marketable surplus in by a structured Benue State of Nigeria. 2016 cropping season cross-sectional data elicited by structured questionnaire complemented with interview schedule from a total of 120 farmers chosen through a multi-stage sampling technique was used. The instruments used for data analysis were descriptive and inferential statistics. The empirical evidence showed that decision for efficient combined labour supplemented by paid labour for efficient yam marketable surplus was affected by low yam productivity and low income, which largely owed to poor proceeds from product marketing. Gender stereotypes due to culture and religious barriers affected women's access and control to productive access, thus hindering women active involvement in yam entrepreneurship as they cannot carter for paid labour. Therefore, for farmers to be able to harness combined labour efficiently for a good marketable surplus, thus better wellbeing for farmers, farmers need technical guide on potential yield; provision of buffer stocks for a remunerative price normalization; and breaking the jinx of gender inequality through tacit sensitization in the studied area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Islamic Research / İslâmi Araştırmalar Dergisi is the property of Turkey Economical & Cultural Solidarity (TEK-DAV) Foundation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Peace Research & Conflict Resolution / Baris Arastirmalari ve Çatisma Çözümleri Dergisi is the property of Yalova University, Research Center for International Conflict Resolution and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study examined the food security of sorghum in Nigeria using annual time series data that ranged from 1961 to 2018. The data were sourced from the FAO database and the collected data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The empirical findings showed sorghum to be an orphan crop as the production growth performance throughout the regime shift was poor given that area expansion rather than productivity was the major factor that influenced an increase in the production of sorghum. In addition, an increase in area was the major factor responsible for the change in average production within and between the regime shifts. It was observed that fluctuation in the average production between the regime shifts was caused by area risk and uncertainty viz. weather vagaries. It was established that the acreage allocation decision of the farmers was governed by both institutional and non-institutional factors. Furthermore, the future food security of sorghum production is not promising as the production will be marked by a gentle rise owing to the gentle rise in area as productivity will be marked by a marginal increase in trend. Therefore, the food insecurity of sorghum is another timing-bomb which the country will contain with given its versatile purposes. Thus, the policymakers need to take urgent steps to avert impending importation which will affect the country's economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Politics & Security (IJPS) is the property of Inono Universitesi, Malatya and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)