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Background and Aim: The United Arab Emirates has been successfully identifying and rehabilitating children having congenital hearing loss. A dearth of published data regarding the newborn hearing screening programs in the country demands the current study. The study aimed to find incidence of hearing loss and impact of known risk factors for hearing loss in a cohort of newborn babies in a single tertiary hospital in the United Arab Emirates. Methods: A retrospective analysis of hearing screening from January 2010 to December 2019 on a total of 37661 newborn babies were conducted using a screening protocol in auditory brainstem responses. Results: We report an overall incidence of 0.16% for congenital hearing loss in the current study population. Babies with prolonged stay in Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU) had an incidence of 0.87% and in babies with positive family history of hearing loss, it was as high as 2.2%. Chi square analysis revealed the significance of these risk factors (p<0.001). 72% (44.61) received hearing rehabilitation by being fitted with cochlear implants and hearing aids except in few having other comorbidities. Conclusion: The newborn screening program has run a successful journey since the beginning in the country and the current study is an example. A majority of children identified has received early audiological rehabilitation helping the country in promoting inclusive education and better quality of life for them. Further studies may be implicated to see the outcome of early rehabilitation initiated in the identified population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Antibiotic resistance threatens the effective prevention and treatment of healthcare associated infections which are the most frequent adverse event in health-care settings worldwide. There is an urgent need to investigate alterative preventive and treatment options while there are still a few antibiotics left. Bacteriophage (phage) therapy has been championed as a promising alternative to antibiotics.The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a therapeutic bacteriophages to control of Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia outbreaks in newborn intensive care units.Materials and methods. Commercial bacteriophage cocktails targeting these paphogens was orally and locally given over 5 days to patients of neonatal intensive care units in Saint-Petersburg, Russia.Results. Bacteriophages were used as antimicrobial agents for control of three S.aureus outbreaks and one K.pneumonia outbreak. S.aureus infection incidence during the three outbreaks were 22.2%, 54.5% and 50.0% accordingly, and K.pneumoniae outbreak – 19.0%. After application of the phage cocktails among newborns, the incidence of infections caused by S.aureus and K. pneumoniae decreased to zero. All treatments were well tolerated. No adverse events were reported.Conclusion. Presented results clearly demonstrate high efficiency of bacteriophages. Phages have several features that make them potentially attractive antibacterial agents. Bacteriopahges are highly specific and very effective in destroying targeted bacteria, have only minimally impact on health-protecting normal flora bacteria, safe and rapidly modifiable to combat the emergence of newly arising bacterial threats.

Introduction: A Decision to Delivery Interval (DDI) of 30 minutes for emergency caesarean section has been widely recommended but there is little evidence to support it. This target may not be practicable in a busy maternity unity and therefore, the anticipated beneficial effect on neonatal outcome requires re-evaluation. Aim: To determine the association between decision-delivery interval and perinatal outcome of emergency caesarean section at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki (AEFUTHA) over a period of four years. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of the cases in emergency caesarean sections performed at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AEFUTHA from 1st January 2012 to 1st January 2016. Hospital records of the women with singleton pregnancy at term who delivered through emergency caesarean sections were retrieved. Data extracted include socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics, duration between decision for caesarean section and intervention, indications for the caesarean section, reasons for delay in DDI, association between booking status and DDI and association of DDI and foetal outcome, APGAR score at 1st and 5th minutes and admission to NICU. Data were analysed with IBM statistics version 20. The p-value 75 minutes and poor perinatal outcome. Efforts should be made to strengthen the health system and improve the quality of care in order to keep DDI within this time limit for improved perinatal health outcome and indices.

Introduction: A Decision to Delivery Interval (DDI) of 30 minutes for emergency caesarean section has been widely recommended but there is little evidence to support it. This target may not be practicable in a busy maternity unity and therefore, the anticipated beneficial effect on neonatal outcome requires re-evaluation. Aim: To determine the association between decision-delivery interval and perinatal outcome of emergency caesarean section at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki (AEFUTHA) over a period of four years. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of the cases in emergency caesarean sections performed at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AEFUTHA from 1st January 2012 to 1st January 2016. Hospital records of the women with singleton pregnancy at term who delivered through emergency caesarean sections were retrieved. Data extracted include socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics, duration between decision for caesarean section and intervention, indications for the caesarean section, reasons for delay in DDI, association between booking status and DDI and association of DDI and foetal outcome, APGAR score at 1st and 5th minutes and admission to NICU. Data were analysed with IBM statistics version 20. The p-value <0.05 were regarded as statistically significant. Results: A total of 638 emergency caesarean sections involving singleton pregnancies at term, 522 (81.8%) of which had complete records and were analysed. The mean age of participants was 27.8±5.1 years, 89.3% were para 1-4 and 55.0% were unbooked. Only 6 (1.1%) of the emergency caesarean sections were performed within the recommended 30 minutes of DDI. The mean DDI was 189±124 minutes with range of 25 minutes to 1220 minutes. Two cases performed within 25 minutes were cases of foetal distress and cord prolapse while only a case of reduced foetal movement was delayed to 1220 minutes. The most common indications for emergency caesarean section were cephalopelvic disproportion 129 (24.7%) and foetal distress 65 (12.5%). The major cause of delay was delay in cross-matching of blood for surgery 136 (26.1%) while delay in giving informed consent contributed 67 (12.8%). There was no correlation between DDI of 75 minutes or above and the 1st minute APGAR score (AOR=2.48, CI=0.86-7.16, p-value=0.09), 5th minute APGAR score (AOR=3.08, CI=1.55-6.11, p-value=0.09), foetal outcome (AOR=0.82, CI=017-3.79, p-value=0.08) and admission to Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (AOR=2.08, CI=0.77-5.56, p-value=0.14). Conclusion: This study showed that there was no correlation between DDI>75 minutes and poor perinatal outcome. Efforts should be made to strengthen the health system and improve the quality of care in order to keep DDI within this time limit for improved perinatal health outcome and indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenital heart disease (CHD) are the most common congenital anomaly in newborns. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the frequency and distribution of CHD among babies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of our center. Between June 2018 and February 2020, 109 babies were diagnosed with congenital heart disease among 1779 babies who were admitted to the NICU. The most frequent reasons of pediatric cardiology consultation were murmur and respiratory problems. Of newborns with CHD, 85.3%, have acyanotic and 11.1% have cyanotic CHD. The mean gestational age, postnatal age and the bodyweight of the cases were 33.4 weeks, 2.5 days and 1.58 kg, consecutively. 52.3% were male and 47.7% were female. The incidence of CHD in our center was 6.05%. The most common acyanotic CHDs were ventricular septal defect (24.8%), patent ductus arteriosus (23%) and atrial septal defect (16.6%). The most common cyanotic CHDs were Tetralogy of Fallot (3.7%) and transposition of the great arteries (1.8%). As a result, a significant portion of our patients were diagnosed acyanotic CHD. We think that the frequency of CHDs in our NICU will possibly change as the preferability of our center increases for pediatric cardiac surgery. Congenital heart diseases remain as common and important health problem in the neonatal period. Therefore, early cardiological evaluation is very important for management of these patients. The incidence of CHDs in the NICU is higher than in all live births. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Family-integrated care (FICare) is an innovative model of care developed at Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada, to better integrate parents into the team caring for their infant in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The effects of FICare on neonatal outcomes and parental anxiety were assessed in an international multicenter randomized trial. As an Australian regional level 3 NICU that was randomized to the intervention group, we aimed to explore parent and staff perceptions of the FICare program in our dual occupancy NICU.Subjects and Design: This qualitative study took place in a level 3 NICU with 5 parent participants and 8 staff participants, using a post implementation review design.Methods: Parents and staff perceptions of FICare were explored through focus group methodology. Thematic content analysis was done on focus group transcripts.Results: Parents and staff perceived the FICare program to have had a positive impact on parental confidence and role attainment and thought that FICare improved parent-to-parent and parent-to-staff communication. Staff reported that nurses working with families in the program performed less hands-on care and spent more time educating and supporting parents.Implications For Practice: FICare may change current NICU practice through integrating and accepting parents as active members of the infant's care team. In addition, nurse's roles may transition from bedside carer to care coordinator, educating and supporting parents during their journey through the NICU.Implications For Research: Further research is needed to assess the long-term impact of FICare on neonates, parents, and staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The survival rate for infants born with life-threatening problems has improved greatly over the last few decades. Nevertheless, infants still die in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) every day. Despite existing standards of care, some aspects of end-of-life care (EOLC) are still not delivered consistently. Little is known about how NICU nurses' individual experiences affect EOLC.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore, through lived and told stories, the affective, interactional, and meaning-related responses that NICU nurses have while caring for dying infants and their families. Coping strategies and changes in practice were also explored.Methods: Thirty-six members of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses submitted written narratives about an EOLC experience during which the nurse experienced strong emotions.Findings: Narrative analysis revealed many affective responses, but 3 were the most frequent: responsibility, moral distress, and identification. Coping methods included healthy and less healthy strategies, such as colleague support, informal and formal debriefing, practicing intentional gratefulness, avoidance, and compartmentalization. Changes in practice identified were universally described as professional growth through the use of reflective practice.Implications For Practice& Research: Educators should discuss the range of emotions experienced by caregivers related to EOLC and healthy coping strategies and encourage the use of reflective practice as a facilitator of professional growth. Nurse leaders should promote supportive environments in NICUs and ensure debriefing opportunities for nurses who have recently cared for a dying infant. Future research should focus on formulating interventions to utilize debriefing with NICU nurses and perhaps the development of EOLC mentors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a feedforward extension for the simplified filtered Smith predictor (SFSP) to deal with measurable disturbances. The proposed strategy uses a state-space formulation and can be applied in unified manner to stable, unstable, and integrating linear dead-time processes of any order. The main advantage with using the predictor approach in comparison with other control strategies is the ability to deal with processes with large dead time. The structure improves the disturbance rejection performance by feedforwarding the disturbance while maintaining the good robustness and noise attenuation properties of the SFSP. Simulation results show better performance indices compared with other strategies from the recent literature. In addition, the proposed strategy is applied to control the temperature in a newborn intensive care unit (NICU) to show its effectiveness in a real process. • Smith predictor-based feedforward controller able to handle measurable disturbances. • Extension of the advantages of the SFSP for processes with measurable disturbances. • Simple control structure for industrial processes based on a state-space formulation. • Proposed controller can be applied to a wide range of high-order dead-time processes. • Application in the temperature control in a newborn intensive care unit (NICU). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With rising numbers of extremely premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) who require multiple radiologic examinations for their complex medical conditions, concerns the risk of radiation exposure become a more prevalent issue. The biological effects from cumulative doses of both primary and secondary radiation can be particularly troubling for very premature babies due to their inherent sensitivity to both iatrogenic and environmental insults. Similarly, radiologic studies performed in the NICU pose potentially significant exposure risks to caretakers and to the families of patients often present in the NICU during these examinations. The purpose of this article is to critically review the available literature regarding current exposure rates in the NICU, address the validity of radiation exposure concerns, and suggest areas for improvement. With few exceptions, studies reveal that there were only low doses of radiation derived from any single radiographic examination in standard NICUs and that the radiation dosage used was in compliance with recommendations made by the Commission of European Communities (EC) and International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). However, there were wide variations in the radiation dose per single examination (mean entrance skin doses ranged from 15 to 73.6 μGy) and in the frequency (mean ranged from 3.2 to 31 examinations per infant) of those examinations. Studies also reported low secondary exposure rates from scatter radiation to others present in the NICU during radiographic examinations. Key to limiting unnecessary radiation exposure in the NICU is the employment of proper radiation techniques and safety measures. Thus, adhering to recommendations made by the EC and ICRP can help to reduce the anxiety of patients' families and medical staff regarding their risks from the effects of ionizing radiation in the NICU.

Pathogenic or opportunist fungi in hospital environments may be a source of infection in susceptible hosts. Especially for newborn intensive care units of hospitals, the control of the fungal spore and knowing the incidence of mycobiota in hospitals are of great importance in order to understand the types of infections and the problems caused by them. In this study, the level of endogenous airborne fungal concentrations and the types of fungi were determined at Ege University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Neonatal Unit, which is located centre of izmir. For this purpose, air samples were collected at 14 selected stations monthly during twelve months with the Merck MAS 100 air sampler. As a result, a total of 2631 fungal colonies were counted. Sixty two fungal species belonging to 12 genera were identified. These species consisted of Aspergillus (12), Penicillium (24), Cladosporium (10), Alternaria (6) and other species (10). The 6 microfungi were identified only in genus level. The most prevalent genera were the common moulds; Aspergillus (39.33±61.43), Penicillium (23.00±23.50), Cladosporium (74.33±63.43) and Alternaria (20.17±25.09). In this study, aimed to emphasize the importance of monitoring the presence of airborne fungal biota, particularly Aspergillus spp. in the newborn intensive care units where newborns and especially premature babies were hospitalized and opportunistic pathogenic species such as A.flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger and A. terreus were isolated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and objective. To assess the effect of individualised developmental care practices on the growth and hospitalisation duration of premature infants. Background. It is known that individualised developmental care practices enable premature infants to have enhanced weight gain, decreased intensive care complications, and earlier discharge from the hospital. Design. The study used an experimental design. Methods. The study was carried out with premature infants who received treatment and care in the newborn intensive care unit (n = 97). Infants were randomised into three groups: mother's scent, flexion and control. Infants were monitored each day until discharge and the measurements were recorded. The data obtained were analysed by t-test, percentage distributions, means, chi-square test, analysis of variance and Bonferroni test. Results. There was a significant difference between experimental and control groups in terms of means of their discharge weight and height, and this difference was associated with the mother-scent group (p < 0.05). While the within-group difference between hospitalisation and discharge weight means was significant only in the mother-scent group (p < 0.05), the within-group difference between hospitalisation and discharge height means was significant in all three groups (p < 0.05). Even though the within-group difference between means of hospitalisation duration of premature infants was insignificant (p > 0.05), means in the experimental groups were determined to be lower than the means in the control group. Conclusion. As the methods of mother's smell and flexion position interventions support premature infants' growth and shorten their hospitalisation duration, it is important to use them routinely at newborn intensive care unit. Relevance to clinical practice. Newborn intensive care unit nurses may nurse premature infants in the flexion position to enable them to sense their mother's scent and this may to accelerate their growth and shorten their hospitalisation duration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes our creation of an innovative neonatal intensive care unit Teen Parent Support Program using a collaborative, family-centered, interdisciplinary team approach. Program development, educational content, implementation, and outcomes are reported. The success of this program is due in part to a dedicated group of interdisciplinary professionals who volunteer their expertise to provide education and support to our teen parents and families. The results of the program demonstrate an increase in parent engagement and confidence. This Teen Parent Support Program also received The March of Dimes Leading Practices Award in July 2012. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The patients treated in the newborn intensive care units (NICUs) are under high risk in terms of nosocomial infections. Despite the developments in antibiotherapy, these infections are still causing high mortality and morbidity. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of nosocomial infections, to detect the causing pathogens and resistance patterns of antibiotics in patients in the NICU of Van Maternity and Children's Hospital. For this purpose, 621 patients in the NICU were observed for nosocomial infections between 01/09/2007 and 31/08/2008. A total of 63 nosocomial infections developed in 54 patients. The nosocomial infection rate in the NICU was found to be 8.7% by patient count and 10.1% by infection attack count. Besides, the nosocomial infection incidence density was 12.8 by patient count and 14.9 by infection attack count. Among these infections blood stream infections were the most common by 44.4% and Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequent pathogen. Fifteen of 20 isolated strains of K pneumoniae were positive for extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL). We believe that this kind of studies on NICUs would contribute to nosocomial infection control programs and would be effective on treatment of nosocomial infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Institutional Ethics Committees are commonly available in hospitals with newborn intensive care units, and may serve as a valuable resource for staff and parents dealing with difficult ethical decisions. Many clinicians may be unaware of when the committee might be helpful, or how it functions. After a brief historical introduction, two cases are presented as illustrations of pediatric ethics committee function. The first involves consideration of cardiac surgery for an infant with ventricular septal defect and Trisomy 13. The second involves disagreement between staff and parents regarding possible provision of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation in a terminally ill newborn. Principles and considerations often brought to bear in committee deliberations are reviewed for each case. Neonatologists, staff and families should be aware of this potentially valuable resource, and are encouraged to use it for situations of moral distress, conflict resolution or ethical uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With rising numbers of extremely premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) who require multiple radiologic examinations for their complex medical conditions, concerns the risk of radiation exposure become a more prevalent issue. The biological effects from cumulative doses of both primary and secondary radiation can be particularly troubling for very premature babies due to their inherent sensitivity to both iatrogenic and environmental insults. Similarly, radiologic studies performed in the NICU pose potentially significant exposure risks to caretakers and to the families of patients often present in the NICU during these examinations. The purpose of this article is to critically review the available literature regarding current exposure rates in the NICU, address the validity of radiation exposure concerns, and suggest areas for improvement. With few exceptions, studies reveal that there were only low doses of radiation derived from any single radiographic examination in standard NICUs and that the radiation dosage used was in compliance with recommendations made by the Commission of European Communities (EC) and International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). However, there were wide variations in the radiation dose per single examination (mean entrance skin doses ranged from 15 to 73.6 μGy) and in the frequency (mean ranged from 3.2 to 31 examinations per infant) of those examinations. Studies also reported low secondary exposure rates from scatter radiation to others present in the NICU during radiographic examinations. Key to limiting unnecessary radiation exposure in the NICU is the employment of proper radiation techniques and safety measures. Thus, adhering to recommendations made by the EC and ICRP can help to reduce the anxiety of patients'' families and medical staff regarding their risks from the effects of ionizing radiation in the NICU. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article describes a data-driven approach to decrease the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among premature infants in the newborn intensive care unit (NICU). The systematic approach includes interventions such as the creation of standardized practice environment using a nursing practice guideline, mandatory staff education, and optimization of nursing assignments. The approach also focuses on improving oxygen administration and monitoring.

Survival rates for very preterm and critically ill infants are increasing, raising complex ethical issues for health-care providers and parents who face the challenge of making end-of-life decisions for newborns. The purpose of this integrative literature review was to evaluate parental involvement in end-of-life care and decision making for their infant in the newborn intensive care unit. Findings revealed that establishing good relationships and clear communication between health-care providers and parents builds trust and eases stress placed on parents making decisions about the care of their infant. Palliative care programs provide support for parents and facilitate their decision making. Parents can be educated about how to communicate with health-care providers. Educating nurses on how to provide end-of-life care may also help improve support for parents during this difficult time. Additional research is recommended to examine parents' needs during and after end-of-life care decisions for their newborn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this systematic review was to explore and describe the experience of parents with an infant in the newborn intensive care unit (NICU). A literature search covering the period 1998-2008 was conducted. Fourteen articles reporting qualitative studies describing parental experiences and meeting the inclusion criteria were evaluated and themes were identified. Findings revealed that parents with an infant in the NICU experience depression, anxiety, stress, and loss of control, and they vacillate between feelings of inclusion and exclusion related to the provision of health care to their neonate. Nursing interventions that promote positive psychosocial outcomes are needed to decrease parental feelings of stress, anxiety, and loss of control. Interventions need to focus on family-centered and developmentally supportive care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the fetal development, clinical manifestations, delivery room and preoperative care, postoperative care and outcomes for infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Accordingly, in infants with CDH, the complication in fetal development occurs between the third and eight week of gestation. CDH can be detected in the antenatal period with the use of ultrasonographic techniques. The delivery of medical and surgical care includes perinatology, neonatology, and pediatric surgical services.

Abstract: Theoretically, single patient room newborn intensive care units are designed to optimize the developmental outcomes of critically ill infants by providing individual patient environments with decreased stimulation and noise. This article reports the perceptions of 127 neonatal intensive care nurses after the move into a single room neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The observations of the nurses were obtained using a questionnaire to identify some of the benefits, risks, and specific patient safety concerns related to the single room NICU design. The results suggest that in this setting the single patient room concept was deemed superior for patient care and parent satisfaction when compared to the large open unit. However, the nurses emphasize that the success of single room care model primarily depends on providing sufficient staff coverage, given the decreased patient visibility and greater distances between patients. Larger units also present unique communication, staff education, and quality improvement challenges. To further evaluate the impact of single room designs we evaluated data on important clinical issues, specifically noise levels and catheter-related infections provide objective measures of important improvements. Noise levels decreased from an average of 63 to 56 decibels and catheter-associated bloodstream infections fell from 10.1 per 1000 device days to 3.3 per 1000 device days in the 9 months after the move to single patient rooms. This article provides pragmatic design suggestions that should be prospectively considered to minimize staff isolation and stress. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Critically ill infants are among the most medically fragile patients in hospitals today. Given their size and gestational age, the tolerance for error within this population is extremely small. Medical errors that may seem inconsequential in adults can have disastrous consequences for infants. This article describes one unit’s experience with adverse patient events, and the resulting safety program that was developed to enhance the unit’s safety culture. Specific strategies for successfully implementing a staff-focused patient safety program are provided. These strategies include the development of a unit-based interdisciplinary safety team to identify and respond to areas of risk; tools and techniques utilized for the analysis and prioritization of risk; incorporation of safety rounds as a means improving the safety culture; and implementation of staff-driven solutions to address safety concerns. The important role that parents and families can play in risk assessment and mitigation is reviewed, and the concept of parent partnerships is presented. Finally, initial program outcomes are discussed, and implications for other providers are suggested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Seventy-nine consecutive patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligations were performed in our newborn intensive care unit (NBICU) over a four-year period. Seven infants (9%) died within one month after surgery. The deaths were not attributed to the surgery but were associated with preexisting medical complications or new intracranial hemorrhages. Significant surgical morbidity was rare. We conclude that ligation of the PDA in the premature infant can be a safe and effective procedure, when pharmacologic closure is ineffective or contraindicated. Furthermore, PDA ligation may be safely performed in the NBICU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common cause of delayed discharge and readmissions in our institution. As previously published, the irradiance our phototherapy (PT) units provided was below the irradiance recommended by the AAP for intensive phototherapy (>30 µW/cm 2 /nm). We measured irradiance delivered by our PT units (Drager 4000) using a standardized footprint grid. By varying number of blue and white fluorescent PT lights, height of PT unit above the neonate and type of bed used (open bassinet versus isolette), we determined the optimal PT arrangement needed to deliver intensive PT (30 µW/cm 2 /nm). We then developed a standardized, multidisciplinary protocol specifying light arrangement and distance required needed to achieve the desired irradiance level. We were able to show improved irradiance following above changes. Onsite measurement of irradiance provided by local phototherapy units and development of a multidisciplinary, standardized protocol are necessary to assure delivery of recommended levels PT for neonates with hyperbilirubinemia., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© The Author(s) 2020.)

Mothers whose infants are hospitalized in the NICU are frequently emotionally distressed, particularly early in the hospitalization. The Family-Centered Developmental Care philosophy, widely adopted by NICUs, calls for an expanded focus on the well-being of the entire family. In this article, we describe an innovative, nurse-delivered program for emotionally distressed mothers of infants in the NICU that includes screening and an empirically supported counseling approach: Listening Visits., (Copyright © 2018 AWHONN, the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)