Viet Chi Tran, Sylvain Billiard, Sylvie Méléard, Matthieu Porte, Clotilde Lepers, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN), Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées - Ecole Polytechnique (CMAP), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Analyse et de Mathématiques Appliquées (LAMA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Fédération de Recherche Bézout-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chaire ``Modélisation Mathématique et Biodiversité' of Veolia Environnement-Ecole Polytechnique-Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle-Fondation X, ANR-11-LABX-0007,CEMPI,Centre Européen pour les Mathématiques, la Physique et leurs Interactions(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0058,Bézout,Models and algorithms: from the discrete to the continuous(2010), Tran, Viet Chi, Laboratoires d'excellence - Centre Européen pour les Mathématiques, la Physique et leurs Interactions - - CEMPI2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0007 - LABX - VALID, Laboratoires d'excellence - Models and algorithms: from the discrete to the continuous - - Bézout2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0058 - LABX - VALID, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Fédération de Recherche Bézout-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)
Genetic data are often used to infer history, demographic changes or detect genes under selection. Inferential methods are commonly based on models making various strong assumptions: demography and population structures are supposeda prioriknown, the evolution of the genetic composition of a population does not affect demography nor population structure, and there is no selection nor interaction between and within genetic strains. In this paper, we present a stochastic birth-death model with competitive interaction to describe an asexual population, and we develop an inferential procedure for ecological, demographic and genetic parameters. We first show how genetic diversity and genealogies are related to birth and death rates, and to how individuals compete within and between strains. This leads us to propose an original model of phylogenies, with trait structure and interactions, that allows multiple merging. Second, we develop an Approximate Bayesian Computation framework to use our model for analyzing genetic data. We apply our procedure to simulated and real data. We show that the procedure give accurate estimate of the parameters of the model. We finally carry an illustration on real data and analyze the genetic diversity of microsatellites on Y-chromosomes sampled from Central Asia populations in order to test whether different social organizations show significantly different fertility.