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This case report presents an innovative approach to treating female orgasmic disorder (FOD) in a 28-year-old Asian-Australian female. The patient, undergoing significant academic stress and exhibiting no prior medical or psychological conditions, presented with a 2-year history of inability to achieve orgasm despite normal sexual desire and arousal. Following a comprehensive clinical evaluation, including a physical examination and psychiatric assessment, she was diagnosed with FOD, primarily of a situational type. The treatment implemented was a unique blend of natural therapies: aromatherapy, tantric yoga, mindfulness-based therapies, Yoni massage, and cognitive-behavioral therapy. This integrative approach was conducted over 17 weeks, with each treatment of 2 weeks being followed by a 1-week break to prevent tolerance. The patient initially hesitated but consented to this bold treatment regimen. Remarkable progress was observed, with the patient achieving a strong sexual climax by the 7th week and consistent improvement thereafter. As the conclusion of the treatment and a year of follow-up, the patient reported sustained relief from her symptoms. This case illustrates the potential of combining various natural therapies in treating FOD, emphasizing the importance of patient consent and the efficacy of a holistic, intermittent treatment approach.

Background: Cinnamomum camphora is a commercially important tree species in China, and it's also a common native tree in the forests of southern China. However, literature on the impact of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil (CCEO) on human psychophysiological activity is scarce. Hence, the primary objective of this study was to examine the effect of exposure to CCEO on the functioning of the human autonomic nervous system, electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, and emotional state. Methods: Forty-three healthy university students participated. The data collected included heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), pulse rate, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, and the results of the Profile of Mood States (POMS) test. Results: A drop in diastolic pressure (DBP) and pulse rate was also noticed after participants inhaled CCEO. Furthermore, EEG studies have demonstrated notable reductions in absolute beta (AB), absolute gamma (AG), absolute high beta (AHB), and relative gamma (RG) power spectra during exposure to CCEO. Conversely, the relative theta (RT) and power spectra values showed a significant increase. Additionally, the finding from POMS indicated that the fragrance evoked positive emotions and suppressed negative feelings. Conclusion: The results suggest that exposure to CCEO may promote mental and physical relaxation, facilitate cognitive processes such as memory and attention, and enhance mood states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: It is important to identify anti-cancer compounds that can inhibit specific molecular targets to eradicate androgen-receptor negative (ARneg), androgen-independent (AI) prostate cancer, which is an aggressive form of prostate cancer with limited treatment options. The goal of this study was to selectively target prostate cancer cells that have high levels of oncogenic protein Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) by using strictinin, a small molecule ROR1 inhibitor. Methods: The methods performed in this study include western blots, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) proliferation assays, phosphatidylserine apoptosis assays, apoptosis flow cytometry (Annexin V, caspase 3/7), migration scratch assays, Boyden chamber invasion assays, and cell cycle flow cytometry. Results: Strictinin was most lethal against PC3 [half-maximal drug inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 277.2 µmol/L], an ARneg-AI cell type that expresses the highest levels of ROR1. Strictinin inhibited ROR1 expression, downstream phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT)-glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3β) pro-survival signaling, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers in PC3 cells. Additionally, strictinin decreased PC3 cell migration and invasion, while increasing S-phase cell cycle arrest. In ARneg-AI DU145 cells, strictinin inhibited ROR1 expression and modulated downstream AKT-GSK3β signaling. Furthermore, strictinin exhibited anti-migratory, anti-invasive, but minimal pro-apoptotic effects in DU145 cells likely due to DU145 having less ROR1 expression in comparison to PC3 cells. Throughout the study, strictinin minimally impacted the phenotype of normal prostatic epithelial cells RWPE-1 (IC50 of 658.5 µmol/L). Strictinin was further identified as synergistic with docetaxel [combination index (CI) = 0.311] and the combination therapy was found to reduce the IC50 of strictinin to 38.71 µmol/L in PC3 cells. Conclusions: ROR1 is an emerging molecular target that can be utilized for treating prostate cancer. The data from this study establishes strictinin as a potential therapeutic agent that targets ARneg-AI prostate cancer with elevated ROR1 expression to reduce the migration, invasion, cell cycle progression, and survival of prostate cancer.

Curcumin has been ascribed with countless therapeutic effects, but its impact on testicular function has been scarcely researched. Leydig cells comprise the androgen-secreting population of the testis and may give rise to Leydig cell tumours (LCTs). Due to their steroid-secreting nature, LCTs entail endocrine, reproductive, and psychological disorders. Approximately 10% are malignant and do not respond to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to assess curcumin’s impact on Leydig cells’ functions and its potential effect on LCT growth. In vitro assays on MA-10 Leydig cells showed that curcumin (20–80 μmol/L) stimulates acute steroidogenesis, both in the presence and absence of db-cAMP. This effect is accompanied by an increase in StAR expression. Regarding curcumin’s in vitro cytostatic capacity, we show that 40–80 μmol/L curcumin reduces MA-10 Leydig cells’ proliferative capacity, which could be explained by the arrest in G2/M and the reduced viability due to the activation of the apoptotic pathway. Finally, CB6F1 mice were inoculated with MA-10 cells to generate ectopic LCT in both flanks. They received i.p. injections of 20 mg/kg curcumin or vehicle every other day for 15 days. We unveiled curcumin’s capacity to inhibit LCT growth as evidenced by reduced tumour volume, weight, and area under the growth curves. No detrimental effects on general health parameters or testicular integrity were observed. These results provide novel evidence of curcumin’s effects on the endocrine cell population of the testis and propose this natural compound as a therapeutic agent for LCT.

Introduction: Irrigation is a major part of successful root canal treatment due to the fulfilment carried out of various essential mechanical, chemical and miro-biological functions that include the healing of periapical tissues. This way, they reach areas of the root canal wall easier, which are not touched by any mechanical instrumentation. The important factor is to go for the initial and primary endodontic treatment, otherwise known as root canal treatment. The focus should be on using root canal disinfection to prevent infection. The widely used endodontic irrigant is sodium hypochlorite. It has many limitations; therefore, there has been a study going on for many years to replace to get an ideal root canal irrigant! Various studies are being conducted in an attempt to replace sodium chloride with newer root canal irrigants. There has been wide research conducted for several years to use new endodontic irrigant materials in place of sodium hypochlorite and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Many solutions are available in the new age practice of endodontic practice with plenty of advantages. Hence the objective of this study is to conduct an in depth research of such available literature in lieu of usage of natural based products in endodontics. Materials and Methods: By making use of the Google Scholar, MEDLINE and PubMed databases, this study has been conducted. Large data covering the relevant and potential literature, along with review articles in the English language were looked upon. Results: The extensive research of literature resulted in the varied examples of the usage of herbal products in the field of endodontics are pulp–dentine repair, cleaning, disinfection, removal of smear layer, sealer cement for lubricating, removal of obturation material by dissolving it, etc. This signifies that there is a strong possibility for establishing the fact that herbal based products can be effectively be used in endodontics with further detailed studies being conducted. Conclusion: As per the research conducted, “Naturodontics” does have a good potential although there is an extensive need for elaborative in-vitro and in-vivo studies, confirming the same.

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of using “natural therapy” technology in the process of social and psychological rehabilitation of the elderly. The article analyzes the relevance of the problem of social isolation, maladaptation and loneliness of elderly people in different countries of the world, and in Ukraine in particular, leading to sustainable social and psychological dysfunctions and substantiates the need to overcome them. The author's methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of socio-psychological rehabilitation sessions with the elderly using the rehabilitation implements of natural therapy is proposed. The mechanisms and technologies of social and psychological rehabilitation of the elderly using the rehabilitation concept of natural therapy are proposed and have been tested. As part of the research, an experiment was conducted among 100 people, half of whom were engaged in an individual rehabilitation course using the technology of the ecological rehabilitation concept of natural therapy. The article describes the results of the proposed classes for the participants of the experimental group and presents proposals in the field of improving rehabilitation measures based on natural therapy in the framework of the social and psychological rehabilitation of the elderly.

Introduction: Irrigation is a major part of successful root canal treatment due to the fulfilment carried out of various essential mechanical, chemical and miro-biological functions that include the healing of periapical tissues. This way, they reach areas of the root canal wall easier, which are not touched by any mechanical instrumentation. The important factor is to go for the initial and primary endodontic treatment, otherwise known as root canal treatment. The focus should be on using root canal disinfection to prevent infection. The widely used endodontic irrigant is sodium hypochlorite. It has many limitations; therefore, there has been a study going on for many years to replace to get an ideal root canal irrigant! Various studies are being conducted in an attempt to replace sodium chloride with newer root canal irrigants. There has been wide research conducted for several years to use new endodontic irrigant materials in place of sodium hypochlorite and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Many solutions are available in the new age practice of endodontic practice with plenty of advantages. Hence the objective of this study is to conduct an in depth research of such available literature in lieu of usage of natural based products in endodontics. Materials and Methods: By making use of the Google Scholar, MEDLINE and PubMed databases, this study has been conducted. Large data covering the relevant and potential literature, along with review articles in the English language were looked upon. Results: The extensive research of literature resulted in the varied examples of the usage of herbal products in the field of endodontics are pulp–dentine repair, cleaning, disinfection, removal of smear layer, sealer cement for lubricating, removal of obturation material by dissolving it, etc. This signifies that there is a strong possibility for establishing the fact that herbal based products can be effectively be used in endodontics with further detailed studies being conducted. Conclusion: As per the research conducted, “Naturodontics” does have a good potential although there is an extensive need for elaborative in-vitro and in-vivo studies, confirming the same. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Egyptian Journal of Botany is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Plants have diverse phytochemicals with different solubility levels and medicinal efficacy. This study aimed to determine the presence of phytochemical constituents and in vitro antioxidant activity of methanol root extract of Anthocleista nobilis. Objectives: Determining the bioactive principles and free radical scavenging properties of A. nobilis root. Methods: The preliminary phytochemical investigations were performed using standard analytical procedures. The in vitro antioxidant properties were assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity. Results: The phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of several compounds: saponins, reducing sugar, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, and mucilages. The concentrations of these compounds were different. A considerable quantity of phytochemicals was found in the methanol extract. The impact of the extract on DPPH, NO, FRAP, TAC, H2O2 radicals were dependently and ascendingly concentrated. Solvent extract demonstrated better antioxidant activity, with DPPH and NO showing maximum antioxidant capability in conjunction with IC50 values of 5.45 µg/mL. Conclusion: The study results prove that A. nobilis is a possible source of natural antioxidants, justifying its use in indigenous medicine.

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of using "natural therapy" technology in the process of social and psychological rehabilitation of the elderly. The article analyzes the relevance of the problem of social isolation, maladaptation and loneliness of elderly people in different countries of the world, and in Ukraine in particular, leading to sustainable social and psychological dysfunctions and substantiates the need to overcome them. The author's methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of socio-psychological rehabilitation sessions with the elderly using the rehabilitation implements of natural therapy is proposed. The mechanisms and technologies of social and psychological rehabilitation of the elderly using the rehabilitation concept of natural therapy are proposed and have been tested. As part of the research, an experiment was conducted among 100 people, half of whom were engaged in an individual rehabilitation course using the technology of the ecological rehabilitation concept of natural therapy. The article describes the results of the proposed classes for the participants of the experimental group and presents proposals in the field of improving rehabilitation measures based on natural therapy in the framework of the social and psychological rehabilitation of the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Candida auris is a recently found Candida species, mainly associated with nosocomial outbreaks in intensive care hospital settings, and unlike other Candida species, it can be transmitted through person-to-person or by contact with surfaces. C. auris is described as resistant to first-line antifungals and, consequently, associated with high mortality. Nowadays, essential oils (EOs) are known to be effective against fungal and bacterial infections. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of four EOs (tea tree, niaouli, white thyme and cajeput) against C. auris. The EO's effect on C. auris planktonic growth was evaluated by the minimum inhibitory concentration determination and by the agar disc diffusion method. Then, the same effect was evaluated on biofilm by colony-forming units' enumeration. The results showed that EOs were able to inhibit the C. auris planktonic growth, with an MIC50 between 0.78 and 1.56% and halos of 20–21 mm for white thyme and tea tree and 13–14 mm for cajeput and niaouli. In addition, the EOs were also able to completely inhibit biofilm formation. Moreover, white thyme and cajeput completely eradicate pre-formed biofilms, while tea tree and niaouli significantly reduce it. Thus, this work demonstrates that EOs are a possible therapeutic alternative and a future perspective for the hard fight against C. auris. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of natural therapy is a product of the evolution of social work theories. The ecological model of social work was formed in the 60s of the twentieth century and assumed the inclusion of an ecological context in the social sphere and social work as a practical activity. In the 21st century, environmental methods of social work have changed the focus and social rehabilitation has become a priority using such environmental technologies as animal therapy, garden therapy, agrotherapy, aesthetic therapy, and so on. The article examines the Ukrainian national experience in the development of social and physical rehabilitation of various categories of the population using environmental technologies. One of the main features of the formation of national experience in the implementation of the concept of natural therapy is that today the use of its components is at the initial level. The technologies for animal-assisted therapy are somewhat better developed in comparison with agrotherapy and garden therapy. The combination of these technologies into a single rehabilitation complex makes it possible to use the advantages of each of these technologies (animal therapy, agrotherapy and garden therapy) to achieve the maximum rehabilitation effect for each client, which requires social and physical rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cinnamomum camphora is a commercially important tree species in China, and it's also a common native tree in the forests of southern China. However, literature on the impact of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil (CCEO) on human psychophysiological activity is scarce. Hence, the primary objective of this study was to examine the effect of exposure to CCEO on the functioning of the human autonomic nervous system, electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, and emotional state., Methods: Forty-three healthy university students participated. The data collected included heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), pulse rate, blood oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ), electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, and the results of the Profile of Mood States (POMS) test., Results: A drop in diastolic pressure (DBP) and pulse rate was also noticed after participants inhaled CCEO. Furthermore, EEG studies have demonstrated notable reductions in absolute beta (AB), absolute gamma (AG), absolute high beta (AHB), and relative gamma (RG) power spectra during exposure to CCEO. Conversely, the relative theta (RT) and power spectra values showed a significant increase. Additionally, the finding from POMS indicated that the fragrance evoked positive emotions and suppressed negative feelings., Conclusion: The results suggest that exposure to CCEO may promote mental and physical relaxation, facilitate cognitive processes such as memory and attention, and enhance mood states., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Gong, Yang, Xu, Yao, Lin and Chang.)

Candida auris is a recently found Candida species, mainly associated with nosocomial outbreaks in intensive care hospital settings, and unlike other Candida species, it can be transmitted through person-to-person or by contact with surfaces. C. auris is described as resistant to first-line antifungals and, consequently, associated with high mortality. Nowadays, essential oils (EOs) are known to be effective against fungal and bacterial infections. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of four EOs (tea tree, niaouli, white thyme and cajeput) against C. auris. The EO’s effect on C. auris planktonic growth was evaluated by the minimum inhibitory concentration determination and by the agar disc diffusion method. Then, the same effect was evaluated on biofilm by colony-forming units’ enumeration. The results showed that EOs were able to inhibit the C. auris planktonic growth, with an MIC50 between 0.78 and 1.56% and halos of 20–21 mm for white thyme and tea tree and 13–14 mm for cajeput and niaouli. In addition, the EOs were also able to completely inhibit biofilm formation. Moreover, white thyme and cajeput completely eradicate pre-formed biofilms, while tea tree and niaouli significantly reduce it. Thus, this work demonstrates that EOs are a possible therapeutic alternative and a future perspective for the hard fight against C. auris.

Background: Given the disadvantages and limitations of current endometriosis therapy, there is a progressive increase in studies focusing on plant-derived agents as a natural treatment option with the intention of achieving high efficiency, avoiding adverse effects and preserving the chance for successful pregnancy. The heterogeneity of these studies in terms of evaluated agents, applied approaches and outcomes illustrates the need for an up-to-date summary and critical view on this rapidly growing field in endometriosis research.Objective and Rationale: This review provides a comprehensive overview of plant-derived agents and natural treatment strategies that are under preclinical or clinical investigation and critically evaluates their potential for future endometriosis therapy.Search Methods: An English language PubMed literature search was performed using variations of the terms 'endometriosis', 'natural therapy', 'herb/herbal', 'plant', 'flavonoid', 'polyphenol', 'phytochemical', 'bioactive', 'Kampo' and 'Chinese medicine'. It included both animal and human studies. Moreover, the Clinicaltrials.gov database was searched with the term 'endometriosis' for clinical trials on plant-derived agents. No restriction was set for the publication date.Outcomes: Natural therapies can be assigned to three categories: (i) herbal extracts, (ii) specific plant-derived bioactive compounds and (iii) Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). Agents of the first category have been shown to exert anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and anti-oxidant effects on endometrial cells and endometriotic lesions. However, the existing evidence supporting their use in endometriosis therapy is quite limited. The most studied specific plant-derived bioactive compounds are resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, curcumin, puerarin, ginsenosides, xanthohumol, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, quercetin, apigenin, carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, wogonin, baicalein, parthenolide, andrographolide and cannabinoids, with solid evidence about their inhibitory activity in experimental endometriosis models. Their mechanisms of action include pleiotropic effects on known signalling effectors: oestrogen receptor-α, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-1 and -6, tumour necrosis factor-α, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, nuclear factor-kappa B, matrix metalloproteinases as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis-related proteins. Numerous studies suggest that treatment with CHM is a good choice for endometriosis management. Even under clinical conditions, this approach has already been shown to decrease the size of endometriotic lesions, alleviate chronic pelvic pain and reduce postoperative recurrence rates.Wider Implications: The necessity to manage endometriosis as a chronic disease highlights the importance of identifying novel and affordable long-term safety therapeutics. For this purpose, natural plant-derived agents represent promising candidates. Many of these agents exhibit a pleiotropic action profile, which simultaneously inhibits fundamental processes in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, such as proliferation, inflammation, ROS formation and angiogenesis. Hence, their inclusion into multimodal treatment concepts may essentially contribute to increase the therapeutic efficiency and reduce the side effects of future endometriosis therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wound healing has been a challenge in the medical field. Tremendous research has been carried out to expedite wound healing by fabricating various formulations, some of which are now commercially available. However, owing to their natural source, people have been attracted to advanced formulations with herbal components. Among various herbs, curcumin has been the center of attraction from ancient times for its healing properties due to its multiple therapeutic effects, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, neuroprotective, and radioprotective properties. However, curcumin has a low water solubility and rapidly degrades into inactive metabolites, which limits its therapeutic efficacy. Henceforth, a carrier system is needed to carry curcumin, guard it against degradation, and keep its bioavailability and effectiveness. Different formulations with curcumin have been synthesized, and exist in the form of various synthetic and natural materials, including nanoparticles, hydrogels, scaffolds, films, fibers, and nanoemulgels, improving its bioavailability dramatically. This review discusses the advances in different types of curcumin-based formulations used in wound healing in recent times, concentrating on its mechanisms of action and discussing the updates on its application at several stages of the wound healing process. Impact statement Curcumin is a herbal compound extracted from turmeric root and has been used since time immemorial for its health benefits including wound healing. In clinical formulations, curcumin shows low bioavailability, which mainly stems from the way it is delivered in the body. Henceforth, a carrier system is needed to carry curcumin, guard it against degradation, while maintaining its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. This review offers an overview of the advanced technological interventions through tissue engineering approaches to efficiently utilize curcumin in different types of wound healing applications.

In addition to respiratory symptoms as the most common manifestations of COVID-19, GI tract symptoms may occur in some patients, as well. These symptoms could be disabling and annoying and supportive treatments are required to control them. Some natural remedies based on Persian medicine could be effective to fast control of GI manifestations of COVID-19 disease through Food modification and using some medicinal plants and Life style correction. This paper reports a case of COVID-19 patient with GI complications which has been treated by using Persian Medicine recommendations.

Copyright of Architectus is the property of Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wroclawskiej and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Naturopathy is the general practice of natural therapies. It emphasizes prevention, treatment, and promotion of optimal health through therapeutic modalities which encourage the self-healing process of the body. Formalized in the 19th century by the hydrotherapy and nature cure movement in Austria and Germany, naturopathy was introduced to Australia at the turn of the 20th century. It became popular since the 1970s due to social and cultural change characterized by the post-modern philosophy, as well as government policies highlighting individual responsibility and freedom of choice. Naturopathy is one of the most popular forms of complementary medicine in Australia today with naturopaths received 4.9 million consultations annually. Naturopathic consultations are sought for a variety of conditions and, in some areas, as a form of primary care, especially by middle-aged women who have a higher education level and a higher annual income. The number of Australian naturopaths was estimated to be over 4000 in 2017 and expects to grow to over 4600 by 2022, although this number is likely to be an underestimation. Australian naturopaths, as a predominantly female profession, work mainly in private clinical practice with nutritional medicine, herbal medicine, homeopathy, as well as massage therapies being the most common modalities used. There are also signs of greater integration with community pharmacies and integrative medicine clinics in major cities. The Bachelor's degree programs in Naturopathy has just become the only accredited entry-level qualification since late 2015. Currently, there are only 5 private colleges offering naturopathic education, a far cry from the 40 over in mid-2000. The profession continues to be self-regulated. There is no barrier of entry to practice and unqualified practitioners of naturopathy can potentially do harm to the public. The registration of naturopaths remains unresolved due to fragmented representation under many professional associations, disunity among the profession, and objections by certain health care lobbyists. There is a dearth of research demonstrating efficacy of the whole practice of naturopathy in Australia, which has directed the government's decision to withdraw it from private health insurance coverage from 2019. Moving forward, the whole system research of naturopathy in Australia will be in focus with the recent establishment of a practice-based research network and an international research consortium. With increasing scrutiny from evidence-based medicine, the present and future challenge to Australian naturopaths is centered on the integration of both scientific and traditional evidence to form the foundation of a person-centered, evidence-informed practice. Highlights • Naturopathy is one of the most popular forms of complementary medicine in Australia today with naturopaths receiving 4.9 million consultations annually. • Australian naturopaths, as a predominantly female profession, work mainly in private clinical practice with nutritional medicine, herbal medicine, homeopathy, as well as massage therapies being the most common modalities used. • The Bachelor's degree programs in Naturopathy has just become the only accredited entry-level qualification since late 2015. • The registration of naturopaths remains unresolved due to fragmented representation under many professional associations, disunity among the profession, and objections by certain health care lobbyists. • The whole system research of naturopathy in Australia will be in focus with the recent establishment of a practice-based research network and an international research consortium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recurrent urinary tract infection is more common in postmenopausal women, pregnant women, immunocompromised patients, and patients with catheters. Several complementary and alternative approaches in the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infection recurrence are evaluated in this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by persistently elevated blood glucose concentration that lead to multisystem complications. There are about 400 medicinal plants cited to have a beneficial effect on DM. We must choose products wisely based on data derived from scientific studies. However, a major obstacle in the amalgamation of herbal medicine in modern medical practices is the lack of clinical data on its safety, efficacy and drug interaction. Trials of these herbal products often underreport the side effects and other crucial intervention steps deviating from the standards set by Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials. Due to a lack of knowledge of the active compounds present in most herbal medicines, product standardization is difficult. Cost-effectiveness is another issue that needs to be kept in mind. In this mini-review, we focus on the anti-hyperglycemic effect of herbal products that are commonly used, along with the concerns stated above., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article., (©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

Curcumin has been ascribed with countless therapeutic effects, but its impact on testicular function has been scarcely researched. Leydig cells comprise the androgen-secreting population of the testis and may give rise to Leydig cell tumours (LCTs). Due to their steroid-secreting nature, LCTs entail endocrine, reproductive, and psychological disorders. Approximately 10% are malignant and do not respond to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to assess curcumin's impact on Leydig cells' functions and its potential effect on LCT growth. In vitro assays on MA-10 Leydig cells showed that curcumin (20-80 µmol/L) stimulates acute steroidogenesis, both in the presence and absence of db-cAMP. This effect is accompanied by an increase in StAR expression. Regarding curcumin's in vitro cytostatic capacity, we show that 40-80 µmol/L curcumin reduces MA-10 Leydig cells' proliferative capacity, which could be explained by the arrest in G2/M and the reduced viability due to the activation of the apoptotic pathway. Finally, CB6F1 mice were inoculated with MA-10 cells to generate ectopic LCT in both flanks. They received i.p. injections of 20 mg/kg curcumin or vehicle every other day for 15 days. We unveiled curcumin's capacity to inhibit LCT growth as evidenced by reduced tumour volume, weight, and area under the growth curves. No detrimental effects on general health parameters or testicular integrity were observed. These results provide novel evidence of curcumin's effects on the endocrine cell population of the testis and propose this natural compound as a therapeutic agent for LCT., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research reported., (© the author(s).)

Aim: It is important to identify anti-cancer compounds that can inhibit specific molecular targets to eradicate androgen-receptor negative (AR neg ), androgen-independent (AI) prostate cancer, which is an aggressive form of prostate cancer with limited treatment options. The goal of this study was to selectively target prostate cancer cells that have high levels of oncogenic protein Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) by using strictinin, a small molecule ROR1 inhibitor., Methods: The methods performed in this study include western blots, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) proliferation assays, phosphatidylserine apoptosis assays, apoptosis flow cytometry (Annexin V, caspase 3/7), migration scratch assays, Boyden chamber invasion assays, and cell cycle flow cytometry., Results: Strictinin was most lethal against PC3 [half-maximal drug inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) of 277.2 µmol/L], an AR neg -AI cell type that expresses the highest levels of ROR1. Strictinin inhibited ROR1 expression, downstream phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT)-glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3β) pro-survival signaling, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers in PC3 cells. Additionally, strictinin decreased PC3 cell migration and invasion, while increasing S-phase cell cycle arrest. In AR neg -AI DU145 cells, strictinin inhibited ROR1 expression and modulated downstream AKT-GSK3β signaling. Furthermore, strictinin exhibited anti-migratory, anti-invasive, but minimal pro-apoptotic effects in DU145 cells likely due to DU145 having less ROR1 expression in comparison to PC3 cells. Throughout the study, strictinin minimally impacted the phenotype of normal prostatic epithelial cells RWPE-1 (IC 50 of 658.5 µmol/L). Strictinin was further identified as synergistic with docetaxel [combination index (CI) = 0.311] and the combination therapy was found to reduce the IC 50 of strictinin to 38.71 µmol/L in PC3 cells., Conclusions: ROR1 is an emerging molecular target that can be utilized for treating prostate cancer. The data from this study establishes strictinin as a potential therapeutic agent that targets AR neg -AI prostate cancer with elevated ROR1 expression to reduce the migration, invasion, cell cycle progression, and survival of prostate cancer., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (© The Author(s) 2023.)

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of comprehensive therapy on senile osteoporosis by observation and analysis of alendronate combined with the three natural therapy methods. Methods Ninety-seven cases were selected and divided into three groups, group A (control group 1, n = 32), group B (control group 2, n = 32), and group C (experiment group, n = 33). A daily dose of calcium and vitamin D was given to all groups. Group A and C received alendronate sodium 70mg once a week. Group B and C received the natural therapy, including pulsed electromagnetic fields, heliotherapy, and kinetotherapy. VAS was measured before the treatment and 3 and 6 months after the treatment. BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and the femoral neck was measured before the treatment and 6 and 12 months after the treatment. Results Compared with the two control groups, the pain relieved obviously and BMD increased significantly in experiment group (P < 0. 05). Conclusion Combined therapy of medicine and the three natural methods on senile osteoporosis is much safer and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seaweeds producing natural products with in vitro efficacy against bacterial pathogens offer the opportunity for therapeutic services in fish aquaculture, for example inhibiting the growth of pathogens through the direct release of bioactive metabolites into the culture environment. The red alga Asparagopsis taxiformis was used to test this hypothesis because of its effective natural products and mechanisms to release these metabolites into the surrounding environment and because it can be cultivated intensively in land-based systems. Here we quantify the release, accumulation and residence time of the major halogenated metabolites from A. taxiformis in the cultivation medium and subsequently test the in vitro bioactivity of these water-soluble metabolites against multiple strains of the pathogenic bacterium Streptococcus iniae. The two major halogenated metabolites in A. taxiformis (bromoform and dibromoacetic acid) were released into the water and reaching steady-state concentrations of 27.7 ± 1.5 μg L −1 and 4.8 ± 1.3 μg L −1, respectively, under standard cultivation conditions. This water delayed the in vitro growth of the pathogenic bacteria S. iniae but did not prevent it. Increasing the levels of A. taxiformis metabolites in the water by three orders of magnitude with aqueous extracts of biomass inhibited the growth of S. iniae, but it was also toxic to fish. In an immersion challenge experiment, intermediate non-ichthyotoxic levels of A. taxiformis metabolites were ineffective as a treatment for barramundi infected by S. iniae. The evidence suggests that there is little potential for A. taxiformis bioactive metabolites to provide therapy services to fish infected with S. iniae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the specific mechanisms underlying the human health-promoting effects of the forest environment at Huangguoshu Falls, Guizhou, China., Methods: Ninety-five participants were recruited and an eye tracker was used to record fixation and sweep indices. A questionnaire was also used to evaluate the effects of different subject environments on human emotions, perceived recovery and preferences. Thereafter, 24 participants with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) were recruited and the participants' fatigue and stress-related scale indices and inflammatory factor levels were examined. Serum metabolites of the participants under different time waterfall forest interventions were detected by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS)., Results: Eye tracking paradigm analysis showed that the "waterfall" element was the most interesting element for participants and that the "charm" of the waterfall forest environment could be well perceived by participants. Scores on the Fatigue Scale, Anxiety Scale and Depression Scale decreased as the duration of treatment in the waterfall forest environment increased. Levels of inflammatory factors decreased after treatment in the waterfall forest environment. At the same time the level of antioxidants, represented by L-ascorbic acid, increased significantly., Conclusions: The charm of the Huangguoshu waterfall scenery could be perceived by the participants and have a positive modulating effect on mood and cognitive function. In addition, the unique mixture of negative oxygen ions in this environment can increase the content of endogenous antioxidants and balance the metabolism of choline and amino acids., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://atm.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/atm-22-3787/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (2022 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.)

Objectives Prior studies suggested a high prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in Germany. The objectives of this study were (1) to describe in more detail the utilization of CAM, (2) to compare characteristics between CAM users and non-users, and (3) to delineate information on source of prescription and insurance coverage of 14 specific CAM therapies. Methods We extracted information derived from a computer-aided personal interview on the use of CAM, medical history, behavioral, and sociodemographic characteristics, all of which were generated by the Study of Health in Pomerania (formerly part of East Germany), a cross-sectional population-based survey. We analyzed data from 4291 individuals aged 20-79 years. Results Use of any CAM within the previous year was reported by 6.0% of the population. The modality used most widely among CAM users was active and passive exercise therapy (including various massage therapies). CAM users, when compared to non-users, were more likely to be female, experienced more years of education, were more physically active, less often overweight, reported a lower self-rated physical health status, and were more likely to visit an outpatient facility during the last year. There were higher proportions of several chronic diseases in CAM users than non-users. The results of this survey suggest that CAM therapies were most often utilized to alleviate pain. Most CAM therapies were prescribed by a physician. Reimbursement schemes were complex and differed according to therapy. Conclusions The low estimate of CAM use might be explained by specific characteristics of the study region, including changes after the German reunification. CAM users and non-users differ with respect to several behavioral, sociodemographic and medical characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infant colic is a common problem characterized by excessive crying and fussing. There is not a consistent treatment method used to eliminate colic. Mothers make use of various models together to eliminate colic in their infants. This study was carried out to delineate the methods used by mothers to eliminate colic in their infants and to determine the efficacy of the various methods. Design: Descriptive study. Methods: The study was performed by visiting the homes of 186 babies (1–3 months of age) whose mothers had previously registered at a health center in Eastern Turkey between January 1 and February 28, 2005. Questionnaires and Wessel's criteria were used to obtain the data. The methods used by mothers to eliminate colic were classified as behavioral, natural, and drug treatments and were examined accordingly. Results: According to mothers' statements, 75.8% of the babies had colic, while according to the Wessel criteria, 51.1% had colic symptoms. One hundred percent of the mothers used behavioral treatments, 66% used drug therapies, and 64.5% used natural treatment methods to eliminate colic. Conclusions: Mothers indicated that they achieved the most benefit from behavioral interventions, followed by natural therapies, and the least from drug treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of six Indian spice extracts, namely clove, cinnamon, mustard, garlic, ginger and mint. All of these have been traditionally used in folk medicine, and are still used in the alternative system of health care. The antimicrobial activity of these commonly used Indian spices was tested against three potent foodborne pathogens, namely Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus, which are responsible for many health-related problems. These were tested using paper disc diffusion method, cup method and dilution method (qualitative). The results showed that the extracts of clove, cinnamon and mustard had good inhibitory action at 1% concentration, while garlic showed medium activity. At 3% concentration, complete bactericidal effect was achieved. Ginger and mint showed negligible antibacterial activity against these pathogens at the same concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food allergy is defined as an adverse immunologic reaction to allergens present in food and is associated with symptoms ranging from gastrointestinal discomfort to anaphylactic shock and death. The increase in prevalence and potential fatality of disease has led to increased efforts to find effective therapies and prophylaxis. While specific immunotherapy (SIT) is effective in desensitization against inhalant allergens, it is unadvised against food allergy because of the high risk of adverse side effects. A review of the recent literature shows that various approaches have been taken to develop safer and more effective SIT regimens. Here we discuss the use of recombinant allergens, peptides, DNA vaccines, immunostimulatory DNA sequences, and other bacterial products in SIT. In addition, we review nonspecific therapies such as anti-IgE administration and cytokine therapy as well as natural therapies such as probiotics and Chinese herbal medications. In conclusion, anti-IgE treatment and SIT using hypoallergenic recombinant allergens in combination with Th1-inducing adjuvants appear the most promising approaches. New initiatives to increase our understanding of the pathophysiology and immunologic mechanisms of food allergy along with the molecular characterization of food allergens should pave the way towards safer and more effective ways of combating this debilitating and potentially life-threatening disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Objective. To compare the efficacy and safety of plant sterols and stanols as well as policosanol in the treatment of coronary heart disease, as measured by a reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels. Design. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Patients. A total of 4596 patients from 52 eligible studies. Measurements and Main Results. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from January 1967-June 2003 to identify pertinent studies. Reduction of LDL levels was the primary end point; effects on other lipid parameters and withdrawal of study patients due to adverse effects were the secondary end points. Weighted estimates of percent change in LDL were -11.0% for plant sterol and stanol esters 3.4 g/day (range 2-9 g/day [893 patients]) versus -2.3% for placebo (769 patients) in 23 eligible studies, compared with -23.7% for policosanol 12 mg/day (range 5-40 mg/day [1528 patients]) versus -0.11% for placebo (1406 patients) in 29 eligible studies. Cumulative p values were significantly different from placebo for both (p<0.0001). The net LDL reduction in the treatment groups minus that in the placebo groups was greater with policosanol than plant sterols and stanols (-24% versus -10%, p<0.0001). Policosanol also affected total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglyceride levels more favorably than plant sterols and stanols. Policosanol caused a clinically significant decrease in the LDL:HDL ratio. Pooled withdrawal rate due to adverse effects and combined relative risk for patients who withdrew were 0% and 0.84, respectively (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.36-1.95, p=0.69), for plant sterols and stanols across 20 studies versus 0.86% and 0.31, respectively (95% CI 0.20-0.48, p<0.0001), for policosanol across 28 studies. Conclusion. Plant sterols and stanols and policosanol are well tolerated and safe; however, policosanol is more effective than plant sterols and stanols for LDL level reduction and more favorably alters the lipid profile, approaching antilipemic drug efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This field survey assessed the effect of the natural trace element silicon, the active ingredient in Silicol Skin, on moderate to severe acne. Members of the Acne Support Group used Silicol Skin for 6 weeks, completing identical questionnaires on the type and severity of acne before and after treatment. A statistically significant 86% overall improvement was reported, with most participants citing the chin as showing the greatest change. Total disappearance of acne was noted in some locations. Results did not differ significantly between the group that used Silicol Skin alone and the group that added it to their prescribed oral medication. Silicol Skin can help improve moderate to severe acne. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eupatorium laevigatum Lam. is a plant common to the central region of Brazil, where it is a widely used remedy for lesions such as buccal aphthae. These painful inflammatory ulcers affect 50% of the general population. For the first part of this two-part study, a phytotherapeutic preparation from E. laevigatum extracts was formulated into an orabase paste appropriate for use on the buccal mucosa. The study evaluated the toxicologic safety of this paste in 20 healthy volunteers, as determined by changes in biochemical and hematologic values and on urinalysis and intrabuccal examination. The second part of the study was a randomized, double-blind comparison of efficacy with triamcinolone 0.1% orabase in 60 patients. The healthy volunteers tolerated the phytotherapeutic paste well, and no adverse effects could be attributed to its use. In the clinical comparison, after 5 days of treatment, 40% of the patients who used the paste and 26.7% of those who used triamcinolone obtained complete cure of the ulcers. Pain was alleviated in 70% of the phytotherapeutic group and in 33.3% of the triamcinolone group. The phytotherapeutic paste of E. laevigatum was a safe and effective treatment of buccal aphthae, the most common disease of the buccal mucosa [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary headaches (migraines and tension-types headaches) are very common in school-aged children. Ginkgolide B, a herbal constituent extract from Ginkgo biloba tree leaves, was considered as a promising pharmacological aid for the treatment of migraine in adult patients because of its modulation of the glutamatergic transmission in the CNS and on antiplatelet activating factor (PAF). The aim of study is to verify the effectiveness and safety of association of Ginkgolide B/Coenzyme Q10/Riboflavin/Magnesium complex for brief prophylaxis in a population of school-aged children with migraine. In our sample after 3 months of treatment with association of Ginkgolide B/CoenzymeQ10/Riboflavin/Magnesium complex, the mean frequency per month of migraine was significantly decreased (9.71 ± 4.33 vs. 4.53 ± 3.96 attacks; p < 0.001). Our findings suggest that in childhood headache management, the use of alternative treatments must be considered not to evoke a placebo effect, but as soft therapy without adverse reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Apitherapy is the medical use of honey bee products, "honey, propolis, royal jelly, bee wax, and bee venom to relieve human ailments. Propolis is one of the most well-documented products derived from the honeybee and has always played an important role in traditional folk medicine., Aim: The aim was to justify the consideration of Aloe Vera as an effective remedy for the treatment of psoriasis., Methods: The study follows (857) patients (354 females, 503 males) with a mean age range from (9 - 62) years, affected with moderate to severe psoriasis in palms and foot soles treated by a combination mixture of propolis and Aloe in the form of an ointment (Aloreed) and Beauty reed cream. The treatment duration was for 12 weeks. Results were evaluated by using clinical, histological and statistical parameters., Results: After the 12 - week treatment, we observed an 86% overall response rate from which 62% showed excellent results and 24% showed good results, therefore proving the efficiency in the use of the mixture of propolis 50% and aloe vera 3% as topically applied ointment in the treatment of mild to moderate psoriasis., Conclusion: Patients who have palmoplantar psoriasis, who were treated with a topically applied mixture of propolis (50%) and aloe vera (3%), have shown noteworthy improvement thus proving the efficiency of propolis and aloe vera in the treatment of mild to moderate psoriasis.