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3 results on '"narok district"'

1. Exploring farmer preferences for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia vaccination: A case study of Narok District of Kenya.

Author

Kairu-Wanyoike, Salome W., Kaitibie, Simeon, Taylor, Nick M., Gitau, George K., Heffernan, Claire, Schnier, Christian, Kiara, Henry, Taracha, Evans, and McKeever, Declan

Subjects
*CONTAGIOUS bovine pleuropneumonia, *CATTLE vaccination, *REGRESSION analysis, *ANIMAL vaccination, *DRUG delivery systems
Abstract

Abstract: Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is an economically important disease in most of sub-Saharan Africa. A conjoint analysis and ordered probit regression models were used to measure the preferences of farmers for CBPP vaccine and vaccination attributes. This was with regard to inclusion or not of an indicator in the vaccine, vaccine safety, vaccine stability as well as frequency of vaccination, vaccine administration and the nature of vaccination. The analysis was carried out in 190 households in Narok District of Kenya between October and December 2006 using structured questionnaires, 16 attribute profiles and a five-point Likert scale. The factors affecting attribute valuation were shown through a two-way location interaction model. The study also demonstrated the relative importance (RI) of attributes and the compensation value of attribute levels. The attribute coefficient estimates showed that farmers prefer a vaccine that has an indicator, is 100% safe and is administered by the government (p <0.0001). The preferences for the vaccine attributes were consistent with expectations. Preferences for stability, frequency of vaccination and nature of vaccination differed amongst farmers (p >0.05). While inclusion of an indicator in the vaccine was the most important attribute (RI=43.6%), price was the least important (RI=0.5%). Of the 22 household factors considered, 15 affected attribute valuation. The compensation values for a change from non inclusion to inclusion of an indicator, 95–100% safety, 2h to greater than 2h stability and from compulsory to elective vaccination were positive while those for a change from annual to biannual vaccination and from government to private administration were negative. The study concluded that the farmers in Narok District had preferences for specific vaccine and vaccination attributes. These preferences were conditioned by various household characteristics and disease risk factors. On average the farmers would need to be compensated or persuaded to accept biannual and private vaccination against CBPP. There is need for consideration of farmer preferences for vaccine attribute levels during vaccine formulations and farmer preferences for vaccination attribute levels when designing delivery of vaccines. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2013
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3. Causal chains, policy trade offs and sustainability: Analysing land (mis)use in seven countries in the South

Author

Seema Purushothaman, Irina V. Bezlepkina, Nina Novira, Mongi Sghaier, Saulo Rodrigues-Filho, Pytrik Reidsma, René Verburg, Hannes J. König, Shuyi Feng, Le Chen, P. Gicheru, Marcel Bursztyn, Ingrid Nesheim, Mohamed Arbi Abdeladhim, and Y. Cissé

Subjects
LEI NAT HULPB - Milieu, Economic growth, Natural resource economics, conflict, Geography, Planning and Development, environmental kuznets curve, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, framework, LEI NAT HULPB - Milieu, Natuur en Landschap, Economics, National Policy, deforestation, integrated assessment, Land use, land-use change and forestry, Land tenure, narok district, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Sustainable development, Land use, Forestry, Subsidy, Natuur en Landschap, Bodemfysica en Landbeheer, PE&RC, Soil Physics and Land Management, proximate causes, kenya, Plant Production Systems, Plantaardige Productiesystemen, Sustainability, Land degradation, china, ecosystem services
Abstract

The need to enhance sustainable development of land use is more urgent than ever; specifically in developing countries where poverty and land degradation are often interlinked. To promote a common understanding of land use problems by experts, stakeholders and decision makers, it is essential to understand the system characteristics, including the complex feedbacks between drivers and impacts. To enhance sustainable development, appropriate policies need to be identified. In this paper, we analysed and compared seven case studies in Kenya, Mali, Tunisia, China, India, Indonesia and Brazil, representing different biophysical and socio-economic conditions and challenges. We analysed Driver Pressure State Impact Response (DPSIR) story lines of the land use problems, policy priorities and value trade-offs as identified by stakeholders and experts in National Policy Forums. Important drivers of land use change impacting main land use problems among the case studies were economic growth, technological development, immigration and agricultural intensification, in addition to existing policies. Of the latter the most important were related to domestic support through various forms of subsidies or access to credit, land tenure polices and liberalization policies. In the policy prioritization, the value trade-offs made by the National Policy Forums emphasize the environment rather than increased economic production. It is recognized that the environment needs to be improved to maintain and improve economic production in the long term, both in agriculture and in other sectors.

Published
2014

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