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Prior to training, many athletes perform different soft-tissue preparation protocols. Many of these protocols involve stretching, foam rolling, and/or percussion massage. Many of these modalities have been studied, but not as a group to observe muscle alterations and differences in males and females. In total, 40 (20 males, 20 females) participants performed five minutes of static stretching, foam rolling, and percussion massage. Pre- and post-isometric leg strength, muscle activation and ultrasound assessments (cross-sectional area, echo intensity, pennation angle, fascicle length, and muscle thickness) were taken. The results indicate that there is no significant difference among modalities, and that they do not significantly alter any muscle characteristic or improve performance. There is a significant difference in size between males and female, with males having larger muscle and greater pennation angles than females. This allows males to generate significantly more muscle force. However, they both respond similarly to each modality. In conclusion, the muscle response to static stretching, foam rolling, and percussion massage do not differ among modalities and do not contribute to an increase or decrease in maximal isometric knee extension with similar effects between males and females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Minute virus of canines (MVC) belongs to the genus Bocaparvovirus (formerly Bocavirus) within the Parvoviridae family and causes serious respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms in neonatal canines worldwide. A productive viral infection relies on the successful recruitment of host factors for various stages of the viral life cycle. However, little is known about the MVC‐host cell interactions. In this study, we identified that two cellular proteins (Hsc70 and Hsp70) interacted with NS1 and VP2 proteins of MVC, and both two domains of Hsc70/Hsp70 were mediated for their interactions. Functional studies revealed that Hsp70 was induced by MVC infection, knockdown of Hsc70 considerably suppressed MVC replication, whereas the replication was dramatically promoted by Hsp70 knockdown. It is interesting that low amounts of overexpressed Hsp70 enhanced viral protein expression and virus production, but high amounts of Hsp70 overexpression weakened them. Upon Hsp70 overexpressing, we observed that the ubiquitination of viral proteins changed with Hsp70 overexpression, and proteasome inhibitor (MG132) restored an accumulation of viral proteins. In addition, we verified that Hsp70 family inhibitors remarkably decreased MVC replication. Overall, we identified Hsc70 and Hsp70 as interactors of MVC NS1 and VP2 proteins and were involved in MVC replication, which may provide novel targets for anti‐MVC approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Дослідження присвячене розробці та впровадженню веб-додатку для покращення навчання дисципліни «Чисельні методи» у вищих навчальних закладах. Метою дослідження є створення інноваційного навчального середовища, яке допоможе студентам краще засвоювати матеріал та розвивати необхідні навички. У роботі використовується аналіз вимог до програмного забезпечення, який дозволяє зрозуміти потреби користувачів та визначити функціональні вимоги до додатку. Далі проводиться проектування бази даних, що включає у себе структуру та зв’язки між таблицями. Для розробки веб-додатку використовується архітектура «Модель-Вид-Контролер» (MVC), що дозволяє поліпшити структуру додатку та зробити його більш модульним і зручним у використанні. Використання реляційної бази даних дозволяє забезпечити стійкість до втрати даних та забезпечує швидкий доступ до них. Основною особливістю розробленого додатку є його динамічний контент, який зберігається в базі даних та оновлюється в реальному часі. Це дозволяє студентам отримувати актуальну інформацію та виконувати інтерактивні завдання для закріплення матеріалу. Використання сучасних технологій, таких як фреймворк Yii2 для розробки веб-додатку, методологія BEM для верстки інтерфейсу та мікророзмітка microdata для покращення SEO-показників, дозволяє створити додаток, який відповідає сучасним вимогам та стандартам. Аналіз результатів використання веб-додатку показує його високу корисність та можливість використання для покращення навчального процесу та підвищення якості навчання студентів у дисципліні «Чисельні методи». Додаток може бути використаний як у вищих навчальних закладах, так і в інших навчальних установах для покращення процесу навчання та підвищення мотивації студентів до вивчення матеріалу.

• Single screw water vapor compression system was proposed and constructed, which can operate in a wide range of suction temperatures and compression ratio. • Variation of both the volumetric and isentropic efficiency with the independent variable factor were experimentally study. • Energy efficiency analysis was adopted to look for the main factors that affected the efficiency of single screw water vapor compressor. • Mathematical models of the single screw water vapor compressor were developed and optimized, to predict thermodynamic performance and optimize process. Single screw water vapor compressor has greater advantages under conditions of low suction temperature and high compression ratio, however, the current study has the following limitations: (1) the volumetric and isentropic efficiency were substituted as a fixed value into the models of compressor, (2) The suction temperature is concentrated in the medium-high region, (3) The compression ratio is concentrated in the medium-low range, which failed to accurately describe the water vapor compression process. Therefore, the relationship between the volumetric efficiency, isentropic efficiency and key characteristic parameters of compressor is studied experimentally, the mathematical models of the volume flow and compression power are established and verified by experiments, the changes of the mass flow, compression power, COP and SMER with suction temperature, discharge pressure and compression ratio are analyzed, the operation process parameters of the single-screw water vapor compressor are optimized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

At the Polytechnic of Viseu (PV) [1] , the number of students has been increasing [2] , and it is hoped that this trend continues, for the sake of the literacy of the population that serves in its area of coverage and for the reduction of the desertification of the interior region in which is inserted. In the case of Students with Specific Educational Needs (SSEN) who attend the PV (SSENPV), it is extremely important to develop procedures that minimize the anxiety brought about by change for these students, as well as to facilitate their adaptation, to make the period of permanence in Higher Education (HE) an inclusive period, generating well-being, promoting academic success, and facilitating the transition to active life. To combat this phenomenon and since the PV is a Higher Education Institution (HEI) that is guided by equity in its community, in particular the student community, the SSENPV census is a crucial measure insofar as it is necessary to implement procedures, which must respect and obey individual specificities. It is also intended that, regarding access to information on the platform, it will allow reducing asymmetries between students as well as access to services. To respond to this reality, within the scope of the Inova & Includes project. IPV I2 [3] , a group of researchers, in partnership with the degree course in Computer Engineering at the Superior School of Technology and Management of Viseu (ESTGV) – curricular unit of "Project", developed an integrated management platform for SSENPV. This platform, which is intended to be a contribution to true equity in education in the PV, is based on the support of social impact in different dimensions, which translates into the implementation of the following profiles: • Informative Profile: dissemination of legislation and other relevant information on Specific Educational Needs (SEN), ensuring centralized and accessible information management and streamlining procedures and support measures. • Academic Profile: registration and updating of data on the SSENPV. • Technical Evaluation and Follow-up Profile: registration of the SSENPV procedural evaluation, with automatic sending of technical evaluations to authorized users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Histone modifications function in both cellular and viral gene expression. However, the roles of acetyltransferases and histone acetylation in parvoviral infection remain poorly understood. In the current study, we found the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA), promoted the replication and transcription of parvovirus minute virus of canines (MVC). Notably, the expression of host acetyltransferases KAT5, GTF3C4, and KAT2A was increased in MVC infection, as well as H4 acetylation (H4K12ac). KAT5 is not only responsible for H4K12ac but also crucial for viral replication and transcription. The viral nonstructural protein NS1 interacted with KAT5 and enhanced its expression. Further study showed that Y44 in KAT5, which may be tyrosinephosphorylated, is indispensable for NS1-mediated enhancement of KAT5 and efficient MVC replication. The data demonstrated that NS1 interacted with KAT5, which resulted in an enhanced H4K12ac level to promote viral replication and transcription, implying the epigenetic addition of H4K12ac in viral chromatin-like structure by KAT5 is vital for MVC replication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior to training, many athletes perform different soft-tissue preparation protocols. Many of these protocols involve stretching, foam rolling, and/or percussion massage. Many of these modalities have been studied, but not as a group to observe muscle alterations and differences in males and females. In total, 40 (20 males, 20 females) participants performed five minutes of static stretching, foam rolling, and percussion massage. Pre- and post-isometric leg strength, muscle activation and ultrasound assessments (cross-sectional area, echo intensity, pennation angle, fascicle length, and muscle thickness) were taken. The results indicate that there is no significant difference among modalities, and that they do not significantly alter any muscle characteristic or improve performance. There is a significant difference in size between males and female, with males having larger muscle and greater pennation angles than females. This allows males to generate significantly more muscle force. However, they both respond similarly to each modality. In conclusion, the muscle response to static stretching, foam rolling, and percussion massage do not differ among modalities and do not contribute to an increase or decrease in maximal isometric knee extension with similar effects between males and females.

The landscape of web application development has undergone significant transformations since the inception of the World Wide Web. In the contemporary landscape of web development, a multitude of design patterns, frameworks, and programming languages are employed to construct web applications, adapting to their diverse levels of complexity. Model-View-Controller (MVC) stands out as a widely embraced design pattern in the construction of web applications. This paper's primary goal is to provide a comprehensive elucidation of the features and fundamental components intrinsic to the MVC architectural pattern. Through practical examples and in-depth analysis, readers will gain valuable insights into the nuances of MVC, empowering them to harness its capabilities for robust and effective web application development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Automotive Digest is the property of Automotive Digest Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We tested a hypothesis that individuals with low maximal voluntary isometric contraction relative to muscle cross-sectional area (MVC/mCSA) would have greater strength gain compared to those with high MVC/mCSA in an early stage from beginning of isometric training to volitional failure. Male adults (n = 24; 22.4 ± 2.5 years, 174.1 ± 6.5 cm, 75.8 ± 14.1 kg) conducted a 3-week isometric training to volitional failure (60-80% MVC, 2-3 times/week, 3 sets/session) in elbow joint flexion with 90° flexion of each arm. Based on the relationship between MVC and mCSA before the intervention, we assigned 16 arms to the higher group (HIGH), 14 to the lower group (LOW) and 18 to the mean group (MEAN). Before the intervention and at the beginning of every week, we measured MVC (myometer) and muscle thickness of anterior upper arm (ultrasound). The mCSA was derived from muscle thickness. The 3-week isometric training to volitional failure increased MVC in all groups, but the relative change in MVC through the intervention was higher in LOW than in HIGH and MEAN groups. The current findings of this study support the abovementioned hypothesis.

Labor education is an important educational course for secondary school students to learn and grow comprehensively. This paper first collects the current improvement direction of secondary school labor education through relevant questionnaires and then introduces cloud computing technology to design an online learning platform for secondary school labor education courses, which assists teachers in completing the labor teaching process. The design of the platform adopts MVC development mode, AJAX asynchronous refresh technology, and other key technologies, analyzes the requirements from three aspects of objectives, performance, and functions, and finally realizes five major modules, including user management, course management, and evaluation management. To address the problem of insufficient evaluation of labor courses, this paper constructs a model of students’ online learning behavior based on the K-means algorithm in the application process of the platform and evaluates the behavior of students’ online participation in labor education courses. By standardizing students’ platform learning information data and analyzing and calculating the learning behaviors of 300 students can be divided into 4 categories, accounting for 16.0%, 34.3%, 23.0%, and 26.7%, respectively, and the teachers of the labor courses can formulate personalized teaching plans for each type of labor learning behavior.

Copyright of Online Journal of Recreation & Sports is the property of Online Journal of Recreation & Sports and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Online Journal of Recreation & Sports is the property of Online Journal of Recreation & Sports and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: To compare the effects of 2 different intensity distribution training programs (threshold [THR] and polarized [POL]) on fat metabolism and neuromuscular variables. Methods: Twenty ultrarunners were allocated to POL (n = 11; age 40.6 [9.7] y, weight 73.5 [10.8] kg, VO2max 55.8 [4.9] mL·kg−1·min−1) or THR group (n = 9; age 36.8 [9.2] y, weight 75.5 [10.4] kg, VO2max 57.1 [5.2] mL·kg−1·min−1) and performed a 12-week training program that consisted of 5 running sessions, 2 strength sessions, and 1 day of full rest per week. Both groups performed similar total training duration and load but with different intensity distribution during running sessions. Resting metabolic rate, fat metabolism, isometric rate of force development (RFD; N·s−1) and maximal voluntary contraction in the knee extensor, and electromyographic amplitude were measured before and after each program. Results: A significant decrease in RFD0–100 ms (Δ −13.4%; P ≤.001; effect size [ES] = 1.00), RFD0–200 ms (Δ −11.7%; P ≤.001; ES = 1.4), and RFDpeak (Δ −18%; P ≤.001; ES = 1.4) were observed in the POL group. In THR group, a significant increase in mean electromyographic amplitude (Δ 24.4%; P =.02; ES = 1.4) was observed. There were no significant differences between groups in any of the variables. Conclusions: Similar adaptations in fat metabolism and neuromuscular performance can be achieved after 12 weeks of POL or THR intensity distribution. However, THR distribution appears to better maintain strength (RFD) and improve mean electromyographic amplitude. Nevertheless, the combination of both running and maximum strength training could influence on results because of the residual fatigue thus inducing suboptimal adaptations in the POL group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface electromyography (sEMG) is generally used to measure muscles' activity. The sEMG signal can be affected using several factors and vary among individuals and even measurement trials. Thus, to consistently evaluate data among individuals and trials, the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) value is usually calculated and used to normalize sEMG signals. However, the sEMG amplitude collected from low back muscles can be frequently larger than that found when conventional MVC measurement procedures are used. To address this limitation, in this study, we proposed a new dynamic MVC measurement procedure for low back muscles. Inspired by weightlifting, we designed a detailed dynamic MVC procedure, and then collected data from 10 able-bodied participants and compared their performances using several conventional MVC procedures by normalizing the sEMG amplitude for the same test. The sEMG amplitude normalized by our dynamic MVC procedure showed a much lower value than those obtained using other procedures (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, with p < 0.05), indicating that the sEMG collected during dynamic MVC procedure had a larger amplitude than those of conventional MVC procedures. Therefore, our proposed dynamic MVC obtained sEMG amplitudes closer to its physiological maximum value and is thus more capable of normalizing the sEMG amplitude for low back muscles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel mechanical vapor compression evaporation system driven by Roots steam compressor is proposed and built. • Mathematical models of the mechanical vapor compression evaporation system are optimized and verified based on the experiments. • Exergy analysis is adopted to identify the key components with the biggest exergy destruction and exergy efficiency. • Return of investment is considered as the conditional criterion whether to adopt mechanical vapor compression evaporation system. Roots steam compressor has unique advantages in the mechanical vapor compression (MVC) evaporation system due to its lower cost and convenient operation compared with the centrifugal or screw steam compressor. A novel MVC evaporation system driven by Roots steam compressor was proposed and experimentally studied with using the water medium, which can save energy by 79.55–89.36% and operation cost by 61.70–81.41% compared with the traditional single effect (SE) evaporation system. Exergy analysis showed that Roots steam compressor had the greatest exergy destruction (142.92–296.84 kJ kg−1) and the lowest exergy efficiency (4.46–9.85%). Models of the heat transfer coefficient (HTC), coefficient of performance (COP), specific water evaporation (SWE) and specific energy consumption (SEC) were developed based on the experiments to predict the thermo-economic performance and obtain the optimal process parameters, such as the evaporating temperature (90–105 °C), the evaporating pressure (70–130 kPa), heat transfer temperature difference (9–12 °C) and compression pressure difference (28–40 kPa). It will be optimized and improved by mastering the thermo-economic performance of MVC evaporation system driven by Roots steam compressor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The combination of strength training with complementary wholebody electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) and plyometric exercises has been shown to increase strength and jumping performance in athletes. In elite sport, however, the mesocycles of training are often organized according to block periodization. Furthermore, WB-EMS is often applied onto static strength exercises, which may hamper the transfer into more sport-specific tasks. Thus, this study aimed at investigating whether four weeks of strength training with complementary dynamic vs. static WBEMS followed by a four-week block of plyometric training increases maximal strength and jumping performance. A total of n = 26 (13 female/13 male) trained adults (20.8 ± 2.2 years, 69.5 ± 9.5kg, 9.7 ± 6.1h of training/w) were randomly assigned to a static (STA) or volume-, load- and work-to-rest-ratio-matched dynamic training group (DYN). Before (PRE), after four weeks (three times weekly) of WB-EMS training (MID) and a subsequent fourweek block (twice weekly) of plyometric training (POST), maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) at leg extension (LE), leg curl (LC) and leg press machines (LP) and jumping performance (SJ, Squat Jump; CMJ, counter-movement-jump; DJ, drop-jump) were assessed. Furthermore, perceived effort (RPE) was rated for each set and subsequently averaged for each session. MVC at LP notably increased between PRE and POST in both STA (2335 ± 539 vs. 2653 ± 659N, standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.528) and DYN (2483 ± 714N vs. 2885 ± 843N, SMD = 0.515). Reactive strength index of DJ showed significant differences between STA and DYN at MID (162.2 ± 26.4 vs. 123.1 ± 26.5 cms- 1, p = 0.002, SMD = 1.478) and POST (166.1 ± 28.0 vs. 136.2 ± 31.7 cms-1, p = 0.02, SMD = 0.997). Furthermore, there was a significant effect for RPE, with STA rating perceived effort higher than DYN (6.76 ± 0.32 vs. 6.33 ± 0.47 a.u., p = 0.013, SMD = 1.058). When employing a training block of high-density WB-EMS both static and dynamic exercises lead to similar adaptations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Polytechnic is the property of Journal of Polytechnic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether positive emotional stimuli may affect high and low neuroticism individuals' maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) level of the biceps brachii muscle, which is considered a motor representation of approach behavior. The sample consisted of 36 right-handed individuals (12 females) ranging in age from 18 to 27 (M= 23.516 [2.120]). Participants completed items from the Big Five Factor Personality Inventory concerning Neuroticism. After completing the psychometric test, we exposed participants to the high valance low arousal pictures selected from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) via Biotrace+ software during the execution of arm flexions. Participants made 2 MVC attempts for each experimental condition lasting 6 seconds and rested 3 minutes between MVC attempts to eliminate the effect of fatigue. Results of Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the percent change of MVC was positively associated with neuroticism (r= .368, p< .05). The results also showed that the percent change of MVC of the high neuroticism group was significantly greater than the percent change of the low neuroticism group [t(36)= -2.449, p= .020]. Results provided some support for our hypothesis. Hence the data demonstrated that positive emotional stimuli decreased the MVC of the biceps brachii muscle in individuals with low neuroticism. On the contrary, MVC levels of high neuroticism individuals remained almost stable in response to positive emotional stimuli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid increase in Internet and social media services results in many cybercriminals that cause a significant deterioration in Internet security with massive unwanted consequences. Encryption technology can be employed to provide data security in digital multimedia communications. From this scene, this paper studies and proposes an efficient optical Multiview Video Coding/High-Efficiency Video Coding (MVC/HEVC) cybersecurity framework using chaotic Arnold map Transform (AMT) and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for the secure transmission of MVC/HEVC data. The proposed AMT-DCT-based optical MVC/HEVC cybersecurity framework consists has two stages. In the first stage, the video frames are shuffled using the AMT, multiplied by the initial random phase mask (RPM1), and decomposed with the DCT. In the second stage, the DCT shuffled video frames are secondly shuffled using the AMT, modulated with the second random phase mask (RPM2), and decomposed with the inverse of DCT to obtain the finally encrypted video frames. The usage of AMT as a pre-processing shuffling process guarantees the advantages of noise resistance. Experiments prove that the proposed AMT-DCT-based optical MVC/HEVC cybersecurity scheme can withstand various multimedia attacks compared to the literature work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine the reliability and validity of a novel trunk maximal isometric force assessment involving 7 different tasks with 200-m times for elite sprint flat-water kayakers. Methods: Ten elite sprint flat-water kayakers performed a series of maximal isometric voluntary contractions (MVCs) on 2 separate days to assess reliability. MVC force was assessed as the participants sat on a modified kayak ergometer and applied their maximal isometric force to a uniaxial load cell during 7 different tasks. The 7 tasks of interest were a seated trunk-forward flexion, bilateral (left and right) rotational pulls, bilateral rotational pushes, and a sport-specific bilateral kayak-stroke simulation. Twenty elite flat-water kayak athletes (10 male and 10 female) participated in the validity portion by completing the series of tasks in conjunction with a 200-m race. Results: MVC force values ranged from 84 to 800 N across all participants and all tasks. The average coefficient of variation of the 7 tasks ranged from 2.4% to 7.7%. Regression analysis showed Pearson correlations ranging from −.84 to −.22 for both absolute and relative values with 200-m performance times. Conclusions: MVC force measured in each task was considered reliable as a small degree of variance between trials was found. The summation of the 7 trunk scores showed very strong correlations with on-water performance, indicating that this assessment is valid for elite sprint kayakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It often happens that a social network of a general orientation is not convenient for a specifc group of people due to the specifcs of their interests. The community of TV series fans is one of these groups. Therefore, the development of a narrowly focused social network, which will implement functionality for a certain category of users, is very relevant. The purpose of this work is to develop an information system, which is a narrowly focused social network for fans of TV shows with functionality that meets the needs of this group of people, taking into account the specifcs of their interests. Main tasks: determination of user needs; analysis of the functionality of existing solutions and identifcation of components that need to be implemented; study of approaches to the design of recommender systems; choice of means and methods of development; system design and development. As a result, an information system that can satisfy the needs of series lovers was designed. The developed system provides a functionality that allows user to keep track of watched episodes, get fresh and up-to-date information about TV shows, discuss news and TV shows with other people, receive personal recommendations, etc. At the same time, users can access the system using various types of devices: smartphones or tablets running iOS and Android operating systems, desktop computers and laptops.

Kinesiotaping (KT) is common in musculoskeletal rehabilitation, but whether it is efficacious for surgically untreated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures is unknown. Therefore, we evaluated whether a strategy of physiotherapy plus KT would be superior to a strategy of physiotherapy alone on subsequent proprioception and motor function. Men aged 28.1 ± 6.7 years with complete ACL ruptures were randomized to either a control (physiotherapy) or an experimental group (physiotherapy + KT) for a 4-week period. Changes in balance were assessed on the injured leg using a force platform. Knee angle reproduction, maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), and rate of force development (RFD) were measured using dynamometry, and pain was recorded using a visual analog scale. Decreases in knee pain and improvements in angle reproduction were observed in both groups (p < 0.05), with a greater effect on angle reproduction in the experimental group (p < 0.05). Both groups demonstrated increased isometric knee flexor MVC and RFD values (p < 0.05), but an increase in RFD of the knee extensors was observed only in the experimental group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the MVC of concentric knee flexors at 60°·s-1 increased only in the experimental group (p < 0.05), whereas concentric MVC at 180°·s-1-resulting in greater hamstring-to-quadriceps ratios-increased in both groups (p < 0.05). Balancing ability on the injured leg increased only in the experimental group (p < 0.05). Thus, KT plus physiotherapy was beneficial in the treatment of proprioception, strength, and static balance in these individuals with an ACL rupture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Pinch MVC (maximal voluntary contraction) is not correlated to dexterity • Pinch MVC and E-MVC (extension maximal voluntary contraction) values have different decline over ageing. • No difference in E-MVC (extension maximal voluntary contraction) was observed between hands • In heaviest occupations there is no difference in Palmar pinch MVC between hands • The anthropometric factor most correlated with pinch MVCs is height Cross-sectional study. Flexion (Palmar Pinch, PP-MVC and Tip Pinch, TP-MVC) and extension (E-MVC) maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the index-thumb system offers a quick way to estimate the level of hands' impairment in several musculoskeletal and neurologic conditions. This study established normative data of PP-MVC, TP-MVC, E-MVC in the Italian population and evaluated their correlation with hand dominance, anthropometric factors, dexterity and workload level. In our study, 303 healthy people (150F, 153M) were recruited. Participants performed PP-MVC, TP-MVC and E-MVC tests per hand, conducted by using a pinch-gauge. T-test was used to analyze MVC means between sexes and between hands. One-way ANOVA was conducted to compare MVC means in male and female samples stratified by age (18-29, 30-44, 45-59, 60-74, +75). Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to determine anthropometric variables, dexterity and workload level effects on MVCs. Medium-to-large effect sizes of age were shown in the majority of tasks. The 30 to 44 years and then +75 years age groups showed the highest and the lowest values, respectively, for both sex and both hands. Men were meanly 50% stronger, and the dominant hand showed higher values (6-10%). MVC-tests correlated moderately with weight and height weakly with dexterity and workload level. After 30 to 44 years, hand strength declines in line with the normal process of aging that also entails muscle fibers and the reduction of daily activities in older adults. In relative terms, E-MVC showed the highest strength loss in the over 75 seconds. The difference between sexes was higher in E-MVC than in flexion MVCs. E-MVC seems to depend more on musculoskeletal architecture that differs from women to men, according to the highest correlation between E-MVC and anthropometric variables. Only high workload levels impacted hand strength. In heaviest occupations, no PP-MVCs differences were observed between hands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Indonesia, there is a special agency tasked with dealing with the misuse of prohibited goods, namely the National Narcotics Agency, abbreviated as BNN. Apart from being at the center, BNN is also at the provincial level. At the National Narcotics Agency, there is a section or section that has a special function to manage the supervision of prisoners and evidence in the form of narcotics. The problem is, the administrative process is still irregular, archives are difficult to find, and several other important things, which are certainly very influential for the next process and follow-up. This study aims to help design a system that can manage the process of monitoring prisoners and evidence. For the research method, the author uses a prototype model, Model View Controller (MVC), and User Acceptance Test (UAT). The results showed that the system can work well in assisting the process of monitoring prisoners and evidence with a percentage of 54.29% strongly agree and 64.00% agree with the developed system model.

Abstract Introduction In Saudi Arabia, motor-vehicle crashes (MVC) are the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). There is limited information locally on the magnitude and need for rehabilitation following MVC. This study examined the prevalence of MVC patients requiring long-term rehabilitation and the epidemiology of associated injuries. Methods A retrospective study was conducted at four hospitals of the National Guard Hospitals Affairs from January 2016 to March 2019. The study used data from an institutional trauma registry of all MVC admissions. Chi-square tests, bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to compare patients requiring long-term and short-term rehabilitation. Results The study included 506 patients. The study population was relatively young, with an average age was 32.8 ± 15.5 years, and the majority were males. Over two-thirds (71.3%) of patients required long-term rehabilitation. Half the patients sustained multiple fractures, and 17.0% sustained traumatic brain injuries. Overall, 53.1 and 61.8% of patients required occupational and physiotherapy, respectively. Those admitted to the intensive care unit were four times more likely to need long-term rehabilitation. Conclusions We found a significant burden of long-term rehabilitation following MVC. Patients were relatively young, thus posing a significant burden on future healthcare utilization. Policymakers should use these findings to guide primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention to improve health outcomes.

This study evaluated the reliability and sensitivity of a set of different common strength and power tests in a healthy adult population in a span of 9 weeks. Seventeen subjects (24.2 ± 2.2 years, 1.75 ± 0.10 m, 68.6 ± 14.2 kg, seven women) participated in the study. We tested countermovement jumps, reactive hops, and the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of handgrip and isometric knee extension. The tests were conducted in three separate sessions across a nine-week period, with one week between the first two sessions and eight weeks between the second and the third. Reliability and sensitivity statistics for each test were calculated for both the average of three trials and the best result during each session. The MVC of isometric knee extension and handgrip, as well as the countermovement jump test, demonstrated very high reliability and sensitivity over the nine-week period. The peak force of the reactive hops demonstrated high reliability but high sensitivity only for the average but not for the best result. The average contact time of reactive hops was neither a sensitive nor reliable measurement. In conclusion, isometric maximal knee extension and handgrip tests, as well as countermovement jumps and peak force of reactive hops, can be used as reliable and sensitive measurements of isometric and reactive strength and power over time periods of up to eight weeks. We recommend the use of the average results of three trials instead of the best performance value for longitudinal studies, as this procedure produces more consistent results and a lower measurement error. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the performed tests and static measurements was to determine the torque and to determine the activity curve for individual muscle heads during the flexion-extension movement in the elbow joint. Methods: Both heads of the biceps branchial muscle and the triceps muscle of the arm – long head and lateral head – were examined. Static measurements were carried out for four selected positions of the upper limb. For each pose, a measurement series consisting of five attempts of ten seconds of effort was performed. Isometric contraction was performed as 100% of the maximum voluntary MVC contraction. Dynamic measurements were carried out when working in isokinetic conditions. In both stages, an EMG and a Biodex isokinetic dynamometer were used. Results: During the analyses, it was assumed that the average value of the torque is equal to the approximate value of the torque of a given head under static conditions. The value of the torque of the biceps brachial muscle, long head was 48.04 Nm and for the short head – 45.82 Nm. For the triceps muscle of the long head, this value was 52.52 Nm and for the lateral head – 38.06 Nm. On the basis of dynamic measurements, four activation curves were determined for each of the heads during the 7-second task. For the curves, the sum value of muscle activity in a given period of time was calculated as the area under the curve. Conclusions: Both parts of the series of articles present a series of experimental studies conducted in order to determine the parameters for one patient, for whom a personalized numerical model of the upper limb was ultimately created. Static measurements were carried out to determine the maximum values of the moments of forces. Dynamic measurements allowed for the determination of activity curves during the movement of the upper limb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mechanism of injury (MOI) criteria assist in determining which patients are at high risk of severe injury and would benefit from direct transport to a trauma center. The goal of this study was to determine whether the prognostic performance of the Centers for Disease Control's (CDC) MOI criteria for motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) has changed during the decade since the guidelines were approved. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the performance of these criteria for different age groups and evaluate potential criteria that are not currently in the guidelines. Data were obtained from NASS and Crash Investigation Sampling System (CISS) for 2000–2009 and 2010–2019. Cases missing injury severity were excluded, and all other missing data were imputed. The outcome of interest was Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥16. The area under the receiver operator characteristic (AUROC) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained from 1,000 bootstrapped samples using national case weights. The AUROC for the existing CDC MOI criteria were compared between the 2 decades. The performance of the criteria was also assessed for different age groups based on accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Potential new criteria were then evaluated when added to the current CDC MOI criteria. There were 150,683 (weighted 73,423,189) cases identified for analysis. There was a small but statistically significant improvement in the AUROC of the MOI criteria in the later decade (2010–2019; AUROC = 0.77, 95% CI [0.76–0.78]) compared to the earlier decade (2000–2009; AUROC = 0.75, 95% CI [0.74–0.76]). The accuracy and specificity did not vary with age, but the sensitivity dropped significantly for older adults (0–18 years: 0.62, 19–54 years: 0.59, ≥55 years: 0.37, and ≥65 years: 0.36). The addition of entrapment improved the sensitivity of the existing criteria and was the only potential new criterion to maintain a sensitivity above 0.95. The MOI criteria for MVCs in the current CDC guidelines still perform well even as vehicle design has changed. However, the sensitivity of these criteria for older adults is much lower than for younger occupants. The addition of entrapment improved sensitivity while maintaining high specificity and could be considered as a potential modification to current MOI criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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