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As per general provisions of European Directive 2010/31/EU on the energy efficiency of buildings (recast), the Lithuanian government transposed the Directive into Lithuanian national law. In the process, the Lithuanian government prepared strategic documents in the field of energy performance and renewable energy that were integrated together through the National Energy and Climate Plan for 2021–2030 (NECP). To better understand the current situation vis-à-vis energy performance, the main characteristics of buildings pertaining to the Lithuanian multi-apartment building stock, classified according to their energy performance class, are analysed and discussed in this paper. Through the exploitation of data from the national Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) register, an overview of the energy performance of the existing Lithuanian residential building stock is presented along with an analysis of the unused potential energy savings pertinent to this building category. The results obtained from the analysed data of energy consumption in buildings shows that the policies adopted over the years were successful in improving the building stock, promoting the move towards the specifications required by a Class A++ (nearly zero energy buildings—NZEB) by 2021. The results show that this was primarily achieved by a significant reduction in the thermal energy used for space heating., peer-reviewed

Calculations of solar collector hourly energy output as part of central solar water heating system in multi-apartment building in Tel-Aviv. Collector efficiency depends on solar radiation, collector temperature and ambient temperature. Three iterations of calculations were applied, showing relatively small differences between the iterations. The calculated yearly efficiency is almost equal to the efficiency determined according to the national standard. Monthly efficiency is in the range of -5.2% to +3.4% difference from the efficiency determined according to the national standard. Higher efficiency is in winter. The maximum hourly efficiency is at 8 o’clock in July, 75.2%., {"references":["Joseph Nowarski, Solar Israel – A practical and legislative model, Renewable Energy World, March-April 2000, p93-99","Joseph Nowarski, Energy Balance of Solar Water Heaters, academia.edu/34457200","Joseph Nowarski, Heat Transfer in Solar Water Heaters Pipes, academia.edu/34459205","Chromagen Solar Thermal Systems, chromagen.co.il, chromagen.com","Experimental Measurements of Hot Water Stratification in a Heat Storage Tank, iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/471/2/022014"]}

We examined the changing sense of control over one's life during epidemics. Using original survey data during the first lockdown in May 2020 our case study focuses on Ljubljana's multi-apartment buildings (MAB) which, due to the physical proximity of the residents and the common spaces/facilities represent a distinct case with its particular threats (infection spread) and potential resources (neighbourly support) for coping with epidemic-related problems. We found a dramatic drop in perceived control over one's life, from 75% of respondents in usual times to 35% during the pandemic. Accounting for a range of epidemic-associated occurrences in the building and among the residents our regression analysis shows their significant impact on residents' sense of control that highly exceeding those of the quality of life and of basic socio-demographic characteristics. While our case study demonstrates that the specific setting of an MAB can provide a valuable layer of human action in times of crisis, further research is needed to permit generalisations. Obravnavamo, kako se občutek ljudi, da imajo nadzor nad svojim življenjem, med epidemijo spreminja . Z uporabo izvirnih anketnih podatkov iz obdobja prvega zaprtja (maj 2020) v Ljubljani se naša študija primera osredini na večstanovanjske stavbe, ki zaradi bližine med stanovalci in njihove uporabe skupnih prostorov in naprav v stavbi predstavljajo poseben primer tako zaradi svojih specifičnih tveganj (širjenje okužbe) kot tudi potencialnih virov (medsosedska pomoč) pri reševanju težav, povezanih z epidemijo. Ugotovili smo, da se je občutek, da imajo nadzor nad svojim življenjem zmanjšal s 75 % stanovalcev v običajnem času na 35 % med epidemijo. Regresijska analiza je nadalje pokazala, da na občutek nadzora nad življenjem vpliva tudi vrsta z epidemijo povezanega dogajanja v stavbi in med sosedi ter da ti dejavniki vplivajo bolj kot kakovost življenja in osnovne socio-demografske značilnosti stanovalcev. Medtem ko naša študija primera jasno kaže, da lahko okolje večstanovanjske stavbe predstavlja pomembno raven družbenega delovanja v obdobju krize, pa so pred nadaljnjim posploševanjem potrebne še dodatne študije.

In Europe, more than 75% of buildings are energy inefficient according to current energy standards. These buildings account for 40% of total energy consumption. Therefore, addressing the energy efficiency of existing buildings through various renovation measures remains of critical importance. In this study, two differently renovated multi-apartment buildings were selected to evaluate its environment impact using life cycle assessment. The buildings were built during the early 1980s, which did not meet the current energy efficiency standards. In recent times, these buildings were revised by Governmental agencies through the modernization process. The aim of the assessment is to study the environmental impacts associated with different renovation measures that has been carried out. This assessment covers the impact of new materials added, and the operational energy use. The study reveals that renovation stage accounts for 19% CO2 emission. The renovated buildings with renewable measures have a significant impact over climate change than the conventional renovation measures. Moreover, the potential savings in thermal energy used for space heating and domestic hot water preparation are 25% and 40% after conventional and renewable measures renovation, respectively. It was concluded that the total climate change potential could be reduced from 12% and 48% by retrofitting combined with renewable energy measures.

V magistrski nalogi je obravnavanih deset večstanovanjskih stavb iz območja Slovenije, ki datirajo v obdobje od druge svetovne vojne in vse do danes. Za te stavbe je v prvem delu s statično metodo določitve faktorja dnevne svetlobe (D) podana ocena osvetljenosti z dnevno svetlobo na nivoju bivalnih delov in spalnic pri izbranih dvosobnih stanovanjih. Metoda in rezultati so prilagojeni preveritvi zahtev standarda Dnevna svetloba v stavbah (SIST EN 17037:2019), skladno z vsebinskimi izhodišči standarda iz dodatka A in dodatka B za določitev in preveritev ciljnega faktorja dnevne svetlobe (DT) in najmanjšega ciljnega faktorja dnevne svetlobe (DTM). Drugi del obsega preveritev in določitev korelacije med geometrijskimi in optičnimi lastnostmi prostora/stavbe v povezavi z dobljenimi rezultati iz numeričnih analiz. V ta namen so določeni kontrolni modeli za spremljanje različnih vplivov posameznih geometrijskih in optičnih dejavnikov na dnevno osvetljenost prostora. Na podlagi rezultatov analize osvetljenosti za kontrolne modele je podana metoda, ki omogoča določitev povprečnih vrednosti faktorja dnevne svetlobe in temelji izključno na geometrijskih in optičnih lastnostih površin prostora/stavbe. Metoda je preizkušena na stanovanjih iz nabora desetih obravnavanih večstanovanjskih stavb, rezultati pa so podani v grafični obliki s primerjavo z vrednostmi faktorjev dnevne svetlobe iz numeričnih analiz osvetljenosti. V končnem delu magistrske naloge je na primeru dveh stavb izvedena preveritvena ocena vpliva energijskih in večjih prenov stavbnega ovoja na osvetljenost notranjih prostorov. The master's thesis deals with ten multi-apartment buildings from the area of Slovenia, which date back to the period from the Second World War until today. For these buildings, the first part uses the static method of determining the daylight factor (D) for estimating the illuminance with daylight at the level of living areas and bedrooms in selected two-bedroom apartments. The method and results are adapted to the verification of the requirements of the Standard for the Daylight of buildings (SIST EN 17037: 2019), in accordance with the substantive baselines of the standard in Appendix A and Appendix B for the determination and verification of the target daylight factor (DT) and the minimum target daylight factor (DTM). In the second part, the work focuses on verifying and determining the correlation between the geometric and optical properties of the space / building in relation to the results obtained from numerical analyzes. For this purpose, control models are determined to monitor the various influences of individual geometric and optical factors on the daylight of the room. Based on the results of the analysis of illuminance for control models, a method is given that enables the determination of average values of the daylight factor and it is based exclusively on the geometric and optical properties of the surfaces of the room / building. The method was tested on appartments from a set of ten considered multi-apartment buildings, the results are given in graphical form by comparison of the values of daylight factors from numerical analyses. In the final part of the master's thesis, on the case of two buildings, a verification assessment of the impact of energy and major renovations of the building envelope on the illumination of interior spaces is performed.

According to the Law of Ukraine "On Commercial Accounting for Thermal Energy and Water Supply", the accounting of heat energy consumption in buildings should be carried out by building units of commercial accounting of thermal energy. According to the requirements of the Housing Code of Ukraine, the co-owners of the multi-apartment building are obliged to pay not only for the amount of heat energy accounted by heat meters, but also for the corresponding share of heat energy for heating of commonly used places and for operation of the heating system. The methodology of heat energy distribution is proposed for heating of apartments, commonly used places and on the operation of the heating system between the individual consumers of a multi-apartment building with units of individual accounting with heat meters. The distribution of the consumed thermal energy during the estimated period in the building between individual consumers is determined for consumers whose apartments are equipped and are not equipped with heat cost allocators and which are equipped with individual (autonomous) heat supply systems. The calculation of heat energy distribution is also considered in case if not all consumers’ apartments in the building are equipped with heat cost allocators. The methodology is developed according to the research development under the order of the Ministry of Regional Development, Construction and Housing and Communal Services of Ukraine (Contract No. 23-39 / 2017). After approbation of the methodology for distributing the amount of heat consumed for heating among consumers of multi-apartment buildings, it is necessary to take into account the observations and disadvantages that will arise when calculating the amount of heat energy between the consumers of multi-apartment buildings and improve this methodology., Відповідно до Закону України «Про комерційний облік теплової енергії та водопостачання» облік споживання теплової енергії в будівлях має здійснюватися будинковими вузлами комерційного обліку теплової енергії. Відповідно до вимог Житлового кодексу України співвласники багатоквартирного житлового будинку зобов’язані сплачувати не тільки за ту кількість теплової енергії, що була визначена приладами розподільного обліку теплоти, але й за відповідну частку теплової енергії, що була витрачена на опалення місць загального користування та на функціювання системи опалення будинку. Запропонована методика розподілу витрат теплової енергії на опалення квартир, місць загального користування та на функціювання системи опалення між окремими споживачами багатоквартирного будинку у випадку застосування вузлів розподільного обліку з лічильниками теплоти. Розподіл обсягу спожитої за розрахунковий період у будинку теплової енергії між усіма споживачами визначений для споживачів, приміщення яких оснащені і не оснащені вузлами розподільного обліку теплової енергії, та які обладнані індивідуальними (автономними) системами теплопостачання. Також розглянуто розрахунок розподілу витрат теплової енергії у випадку, коли в будинку повністю відсутні споживачі, приміщення яких оснащені вузлами розподільного обліку.

Prilaščanje skupnih prostorov je pri nas vedno pogosteje obravnavana problematika, s katero se srečuje večina stanovalcev večstanovanjskih objektov. Posledica individualizirane in avtomatizirane družbe se odraža pri odločanju o stanovanjskih zadevah, kjer si posameznik z lastnimi svojevrstnimi odločitvami sam določa način in potek življenja v stanovanju. Magistrsko delo opisuje, kako so družbene spremembe v nastajanju po sprejetju nove družbene ureditve vplivale na stanovanjsko področje. Medtem ko je bilo v povojnem obdobju stanovanje docela socialna kategorija, kjer je ustava zagotavljala pridobitev stanovanjske pravice, danes nova zakonodaja ustvarja pogoje za pridobitev primernega stanovanja, pri čemer vsakdo rešuje svoje stanovanjsko vprašanje. Posledice prehoda od skupnih k individualnim interesom vplivajo na spremembo vzorca družbenega ravnanja in odnosov, kjer preoblikovanje norm in vrednot vpliva na zabrisano mejo med zasebnim in javnim prostorom. Skupni prostori v večstanovanjskih objektih izgubljajo svojo prvotno namembnost, pri čemer prihaja do nedoslednega koriščenja in postavljanja »ovir« na prostore, namenjene vsem etažnim lastnikom. Na podlagi diskurzivne analize te raziskave se je pokazalo, kako hišni red kot tudi pogodba o medsebojnih razmerjih, ki se za kakovostno sobivanje omenjata v Stanovanjskem zakonu, ne varujeta etažnih lastnikov pred problemi prilaščanja skupnih prostorov. Med pisanjem naloge so se odprla tudi vprašanja izvajanja upravniških storitev, pri čemer kot pravna podlaga služijo ravno Stanovanjski zakon, Stvarnopravni zakonik in Pravilnik o standardih vzdrževanja stanovanjskih stavb in stanovanj. The appropriation of common spaces is a topic that is being discussed more and more and something that most inhabitants of multi-apartment buildings have to face. The consequences of an individualised and atomised society are reflected in the decision-making process on housing matters since individuals choose their way and mode of life in an apartment based on their own decisions. This master’s thesis explains how social changes affected the housing field after the adoption of a new social order. In the post-war period, housing was an entirely social category and the constitution assured the right to obtain it. Nowadays, the new legislation sets conditions for the acquisition of an appropriate apartment, which is why everybody tries to solve their housing situation. The consequences of the shift from common to individual interests influence the change in societal behaviour and relationship patterns in which the modification of norms and values affect the blurred line between the private and the public space. Common spaces in multi-apartment buildings are losing their initial purpose with inconsistent use of the space and the placement of “obstacles” in the areas intended to be used by everybody. Based on a discursive analysis of the research, we discovered that house rules and the contract on interpersonal relationships, also mentioned in the Housing Act for a quality co-habitation, do not protect apartment owners from the problems of common space appropriation. While working on this thesis, several questions arose about the building managers' services for which the legal basis is set out by the Housing Act, the Law of Property Code and the Rules on standards for the maintenance of apartment buildings and apartments.

Several studies show that large installations of rooftop solar PV in residential low voltage grids, typically with many single family dwellings, may cause overvoltage issues during mid-day when local consumption is low and solar PV electricity generation high. Different so-called smart grid technologies, which often requires additional control, communication and monitoring equipment have been suggested to alleviate these and related problems. In this paper, solar PV integration is studied in the context of multi-apartment buildings where the rooftop potential is significant. To this end, the medium voltage grids of two multi-apartment areas, Bärnstenen and Alabastern in Vaxjö, Sweden are used as study cases. For these areas, it is found that active smart grid control or the introduction of new controllable load is not required. This finding applies to cases with very large solar PV installations corresponding to full coverage of the available rooftops and an annual yield corresponding to about eight times the annual electricity consumption. The conclusion is that multi-apartment residential areas may be ideally suited for large-scale solar PV installations without the need for smart grid infrastructure. These findings are contrary to, but not in disagreement with previous findings for low voltage residential grids., International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, Vol 17 (2018)

Predmet obravnave magistrskega dela je področje izračuna potrebne energije za ogrevanje v stavbah z več posameznimi deli ter uporaba teh rezultatov za potrebe izdelave energetskih izkaznic in določitve korekturnih faktorjev za izenačitev vpliva lege posameznega dela v večstanovanjski stavbi. Cilj dela je bil preveriti ustreznost trenutno veljavnih računskih metod, dosežen pa je bil z izvedbo podrobnega izračuna za tri realne in med seboj različne večstanovanjske stavbe. Prvi korak pri preverjanju je predstavljala temeljita analiza vse merodajne evropske in slovenske zakonodaje. Nato je bila za vsako stanovanje s programom KI Energija 2014 določena potrebna energija za ogrevanje po bolj natančni metodi, ki jo določajo evropski standardi, ter po poenostavljeni metodi, ki jo dovoljujejo naši pravilniki. Ključna razlika med obema metodama je v obravnavi prehajanja toplote skozi neogrevane prostore, ki jo slednja zelo poenostavi. Izračuni so pokazali, da je to neprimerno, saj rezultati za večino stanovanj občutno odstopajo. Zato je bil v nadaljevanju predlagan način, kako korigirati izračun, da bi ostal preprost, hkrati pa bi dal točnejše rezultate. Na enak način so bili obravnavani tudi korekturni faktorji, ki so bili za vsa stanovanja določeni na tri načine eden od njih je predlog nove metode določanja korekturnih faktorjev. Izračuni so pokazali, da ta metoda daje najbolj ustrezne rezultate. V njej je zajet vpliv solarnih dobitkov, ki jih trenutno veljavna metoda povsem zanemarja, končne olajšave pa ne presegajo razumsko sprejemljivih vrednosti. Rezultat magistrske naloge so torej prenovljene računske metode, s katerimi lahko dosežemo večjo natančnost izračuna in pravičnost za lastnike stanovanj. This master's thesis is concerned with calculations of the energy needed for the heating of multi-apartment buildings, and application of the results obtained by means of such calculations when preparing energy performance certificates, as well as with the determination of the location correction factors which are needed to take into account the different positions and aspects of individual parts of such buildings. The suitability of currently valid calculation methods was analysed by performing detailed calculations for three actual but differently designed multi-apartment buildings. In the first step a detailed analysis of all the applicable European and Slovenian laws and regulations was performed. The energy needed to heat each apartment was then calculated using the KI Energija 2014 programme, firstly by means of the more accurate method defined by the European standards, and secondly by using the simplified method which is permitted by the Slovenian guidelines. The main difference between these two methods is related to the occurrence of heat losses via unheated spaces, which are treated in a very simplified way in the Slovenian guidelines. This means that results obtained using these guidelines are inappropriate, since they vary considerably from the values obtained by using more detailed values. For this reason it is proposed that a correction should be made to the method of calculation, which is relatively simple to implement but provides more accurate results. The same technique was used for the correction factors that were defined, in three different ways, for all of the investigated apartments. This method gave the best results, since it takes into account the effect of solar gains which the Slovenian method completely neglects. However, the final adjustments do not exceed the reasonably acceptable values. This master’s thesis therefore presents some updated calculation methods which can be used to achieve greater accuracy, and also fairer results for different apartment owners.

Ob sprehodih po ulicah v mestnem jedru Maribora je med pretežno starim stavbnim tkivom zaznati veliko dotrajanih objektov in degradiranih površin, ki kvarijo celostno podobo mesta. Magistrsko delo ponuja idejno zasnovo celovitega prestrukturiranja ene izmed teh degradiranih lokacij. V nalogi se poseže v večji del kareja med Strmo ulico in Koroško cesto. Koncept poda nove predloge plomb v stavbnem tkivu, ki posežejo globoko v območje obdelave. Lokaciji ponudimo tudi novo zasnovo samega urbanega območja, kjer trenuno negativno izstopajo predvsem neformalne parkirne površine. S prestrukturiranjem območja obdelave prostor ponovno integriramo z mestom, kateremu da novo urbano in stavbno identiteto. Na območju obdelave ustvarimo več večstanovanjskih objektov z dopolnilno dejavnostjo, ki kvalitetno nadomestijo nekatere trenutno zelo dotrajane objekte. Ustvarjene parkovne površine, vrtovi in povezovalne pešpoti pa v celoti povežejo nove stavbne strukture s svojo obstoječo okolico in s tem dodajo prostoru še dodatno kvaliteto bivanja za vse prebivalce okolice. When walking along the streets in the city centre of Maribor, we can see a lot of missing buildings and degraded areas in the old building tissue, that are detrimental to the overall image of the city. The master’s thesis offers the conceptual idea of a comprehensive restructuring of one of these degraded sites. In the project, we reconstruct a major part of the area between Strma ulica and Koroška cesta. The concept gives a new proposal of sealings in building tissue that reach deep into the chosen processing area. We also offer a new design of the urban area itself, which is currently very degraded, especially by illegal parking spaces. With the restructuring of the processing area, we reintegrated the space with the city and gave it a new urban and building identity. In the processing area, we create several multi-apartment buildings with complementary activity, which are good substitutes for some of the currently worn-out buildings. The created park surfaces, gardens and connecting footpaths fully connect the new building structures with their existing surroundings and gives the processing area a quality of living for all inhabitants of the surrounding area.

Pastatų statyba įvardijama kaip viena didžiausių neatsinaujinančių gamtinių išteklių naudojimo veiklų visame pasaulyje. Gamtinių išteklių gavyba mažina neatsinaujinančių gamtinių išteklių kiekį gamtoje, tuo pačiu metu naudodama tokius išteklius kaip vanduo ar kuras, kuris reikalingas išteklių transportavimui. Šiame darbe siekiama ištirti pastatų ir aplinkos suderinamumą, atliekant daugiabučių namų atnaujinimo programos įgyvendinimo Lietuvoje analizę, identifikuojant pagrindines problemas. Atliekant pastatų sertifikavimo, Lietuvos būsto pastatų bei pastatų poveikio aplinkai literatūrinę apžvalgą norima kuo daugiau sužinoti apie vyraujančias problemas statybų sektoriuje. Detaliai apžvelgiama vykdoma daugiabučių namų atnaujinimo (modernizavimo) programa, jos tikslai bei uždaviniai, įvertinama teikiamą naudą bei identifikuojamos pagrindines problemas, lėtinančias modernizacijos procesą. Atliekama, žmonių gyvenančių daugiabučiuose, apklausa, kurios rezultatai naudojami daugiakriteriniams skaičiavimams entropijos ir TOPSIS metodais., Building construction is named one of the largest non-renewable natural resource utilization activities around the world. The extraction of natural resources reduces the amount of natural non-renewable natural resources, while simultaneously using resources such as water or fuel, which is needed for the transport of resources. The aim of this work is to investigate the compatibility of buildings and the environment by performing an analysis of the implementation of an apartment building renewal program in Lithuania, identifying the main problems. As part of the certification of buildings, an overview of the impact of Lithuanian housing estates and buildings on the environment, we want to learn as much as possible about the prevailing problems in the construction sector. A detailed overview of the ongoing renovation (upgrading) program of apartment buildings, its objectives and tasks, the evaluation of the benefits provided and identifies key issues that slow down the modernization process. An interview is conducted on people living in multi-apartment buildings, the results of which are used for multi-criteria calculations of entropy and TOPSIS methods.

Energy consumption in the world increases, so the measures in order to improve energy efficiency must be found. The aim of 2012/27/EU Energy Efficiency Directive targets is to decrease energy consumption for a final energy consumer by 1.5% every year, but there is no definition how these targets could be achieved by an individual member state. This article presents the analysis how these targets could be achieved by the means of individual heat metering by heat cost allocators for every flat thus decreasing an energy consumption for a final consumer. Statistical analysis of identical buildings with individual metering by heat cost allocators and without them is presented. Heat cost allocators do not decrease energy consumption by themselves, so this article presents a technical solution and a set of additional equipment, i.e. thermostatic valves, balance valves, hot water meters and remote data collection system that must be installed. The final results show that the targets of 2012/27/EU Energy Efficiency Directive in Lithuania can be reached, because the buildings with individual heat cost allocators consume about 20–30% less of heat energy. Santrauka Pasaulyje energijos vartojimas auga, todėl turi būti rastos energetinio efektyvumo pagerinimo priemonės. 2012/27/ES Energijos Efektyvumo Direktyvos tikslas yra sumažinti galutinio energijos vartotojo energijos suvartojimą kasmet po 1,5 %, tačiau nėra nurodyta, kaip kiekviena valstybė narė šiuos tikslus galėtų įgyvendinti. Šis straipsnis pristato analizę, kaip šie tikslai galėtų būti pasiekti, kiekviename bute įrengiant individualios šilumos apskaitos šilumos daliklius, kad sumažėtų energijos vartojimas atskiruose butuose. Pateikta statistinė identiškų pastatų su šilumos dalikliais ir be jų analizė. Šiluminei energijai taupyti neužtenka vien tik šilumos daliklių, todėl straipsnyje pateiktas techninis sprendimas – būtinų įdiegti techninių priemonių paketas, kurį sudaro tokios priemonės: termostatiniai ventiliai, balansiniai ventiliai, karšto vandens skaitikliai, belaidė reguliaraus duomenų nuskaitymo sistema. Galutiniai analizės rezultatai rodo, kad 2012/27/ES Energijos Efektyvumo Direktyvos tikslai Lietuvoje gali būti pasiekti, nes pastatai su individualia šilumos apskaita ir įrengtais šilumos dalikliais vartoja apie 20–30 % mažiau šiluminės energijos nei pastatai be tokios apskaitos. Raktiniai žodžiai:daugiabučiai pastatai, energijos efektyvumas, šilumos skaitikliai, išmanioji apskaita, šilumos dalikliai, balansiniai ventiliai, karšto vandens skaitikliai, belaidė reguliaraus duomenų nuskaitymo sistema, 2012/27/ES Energijos Efektyvumo Direktyva.

Multi-apartment buildings represent a particular, quantitatively very prominent category of buildings, consisting mostly of similar building types, frequently concentrated in specific locations, simple in form and suitable for determining the model of referential buildings for individual building periods. Architectural and engineering features of the existing housing stock presented through residential buildings in Croatia from the 1940, 1940-1970 and 1970-1987 periods is the starting point of analysis of energy features of buildings. Architectural and engineering measures for increasing energy efficiency foresee interventions, which need to be made on the exterior walls of the buildings, and parts of the walls facing unheated space and the ground and represent the basic precondition for envisaging other measures for achieving energy efficiency. Positive impacts of energy efficiency renovation of multi-apartment buildings are numerous, for both residents and the entire community: reduced energy consumption for heating, utility costs, noise and energy consumption and bigger thermal comfort, smaller maintenance costs, better living conditions, smaller negative environment impact, etc.

Previous experience shows that renovation of ventilation system is not a typical component of renovation of multi-apartment buildings (MABs) in Latvia. As a consequence, rooms are not ventilated enough and indoor air quality (IAQ) is reduced. This, in turn, leads to progression of the so called sick building syndrome (SBS). IAQ measures in 13 unrenovated MABs shows that CO2 concentration in 19 of the examined 30 apartments was ≥1000, indicating insufficient ventilation [2]. We present an ongoing project which aims at monitoring IAQ in MABs before and after renovation. We collect measures of indoor air microclimate parameters in 8 (eventually 12) apartments of 5 MABs in Riga, during the heating season of 2010/2011. The measures are collected in two types of standard construction buildings, the so called project type 464 and project type 602, in three and two buildings of each type, where one is renovated and the other is not renovated. Now in 6 apartments of three type 464 buildings (on the first, middle and top floor) and in 2 apartments of two type 602 building (top floor), sensors of air temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration level, and air flow velocity are located to find the average value of IAQ parameters, and to make calculations of indoor air exchange in each apartment. At the same time, outdoor air temperature and relative humidity are measured. The total number of measured parameters is 55 (eventually planned till 98). The measurements are made every minute, and the paper presents data for the duration of 1 to 3 months. The results of the measures make it possible to find and to compare IAQ parameters and energy efficiency in MABs before and after the renovation.