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The utilization of a decision support system has successfully helped many businesses in increasing their product sales. By conducting product evaluations, the sales potential of each product will be seen more accurately, thereby helping strategic decision-makers. As one of the algorithms in product selection, AHP has been proven to solve complex problems involving multi-criteria, as many studies have successfully used it to rank products. However, in AHP implementation there are two different ways of calculating weights and consistency ratios. Due to the various AHP processes available, this paper performs testing with the most frequently used variations to determine product potential and compare the methods for multi-criteria decision-making. The criteria are harvest duration, selling price, feed production, weather conditions, and target market. The research results show that the weights of the two methods are different, but the resulting ranks are the same. The best choice type of fish to be farmed by fish farmers is catfish with the highest weight and the most difficult type of fish to farm is giant gourami. The result also show that the best way of the normalization process is squares of comparison matrices because its sensitivity does not easily change the ranking order.

Accidents in marine operations are occurring consistently despite government safety initiatives and efforts to lower the number of accidents and the ensuing human casualties. Since each accident type has a different frequency and casualty rate, identifying risky accident types is important to determine the priority for taking necessary risk reduction actions. Usually, a risk is calculated using two criteria, i.e., the frequency and fatality of an accident. However, the accident statistics show that for the last 5 years from 2018 to 2022, the injury rate is more than three times the death rate in maritime accidents in Korean waters. Considering the importance of injury, unlike other previous studies, we perform a risk analysis with three criteria, i.e., frequency, death, and injury to complement the conventional risk calculation methods, which can help decision-makers allocate the limited resources to the riskiest types of accidents in order of priority. In doing so, we employed an integrated ordinal priority approach (OPA) and grey relational analysis (GRA) method to assign proper weight to each criterion and rank eight accident types. We categorized the accidents types into three different groups where safety accidents and collisions were ranked as the most dangerous types. The combined OPA and GRA technique has been effectively applied to other risky industries, as well as the maritime industry. Additionally, the proposed method is suitable for multi-criteria models when each criterion has a different importance. Finally, the method can be integrated into the framework of the risk ranking process to enhance the analysis results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the significant impact of the UN 2015 agenda on sustainable development, the search for eco-friendly and efficient energy solutions has intensified. The renewable based hybrid systems have emerged as feasible solution in this context. This paper explores the potential of utilizing a hybrid energy system (HES) from a distinctive perspective — addressing the challenges of load shedding at the distribution level. The HES configuration in this investigation includes photovoltaic (PV) array, wind turbines (WT), battery storage unit (BSU) and diesel generator system. The research involves simulations, optimization, and sensitivity analysis for a residential community in the southwestern part of Pakistan, which frequently experiences load shedding. Grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) is applied to simultaneously minimize the levelized electricity cost (LEC), payback period (PBP), and loss of power supply probability (LPSP). Simulations compare different HES configurations based on the estimation of local renewable energy potential and the load shedding schedule of the utility company. The optimal solution, with $N_{PV}=110$ , $N_{WT}=2$ , and $N_{BSU}=16$ , was selected, resulting in a minimum LEC of 6.64 cents/kWh and a PBP of 7.4 years. These results are validated using the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO). The performance of HES is benchmarked against conventional solutions, such as standalone diesel generators, battery-based uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and combinations of generators and UPS. The findings demonstrate the significant superiority of HES over conventional solutions in terms of reduced LEC, shorter PBP and reduced carbon emissions. Finally, the sensitivity analysis examines the impact of varying component prices, feed-in tariff rates, meteorological conditions, and load demand variations on the LEC and PBP of the HES.

Constructive simulations are the applications used by the military for the training of their commanders in planning and analysis of various threats and Courses of Action. In the ‘analysis wargames’, there are need to automate many of the tasks of the commander which are carried out by subunit commanders on the ground. Deployment of defence units is one of such important decision making by commander. Deployments of units (and sub units) is dependent on multiple factors which needs to be satisfied/optimised for meeting the given objective of the unit. In this paper we have attempted to solve the multi criterion decision problem of optimal deployment of defence units in mountainous terrain using Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) and Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization(APSO). The algorithm has been tested with varied number of decision parameters and their weights using digital elevation and vector data of the terrain features. The auto deployment outcomes are found satisfactory. Our solution approach has potential in automated planning in constructive simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Private universities need new students as one of the income to be able to run their operations. For that promotion needs to be done by them. When carrying out promotional activities, it is necessary to look at the availability of the budget, so it is necessary to be selective and choose the right promotional media and according to the budget. Selection of promotional media in addition to considering the budget, there are several criteria that must be considered, therefore the selection requires a multi-criteria method, one of which is TOPSIS. Initial weighting of the criteria for TOPSIS can be done with Fuzzy AHP, this method is used because it can overcome the fuzzy assesment when performing pairwise comparisons. So far, there are not many combined applications of Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS in the selection of promotional media, so this research is expected to have a contribution to fill the gap. From the results of the study, it was found that the order of criteria that were important for the study program in the selection of promotional media were; cost, reach, audience fit and easy to apply. Meanwhile, the result of selecting the best promotional media for this study program was through social media

The choice of modem is an important decision in accessing the internet, because a modem is a key device that connects a computer device or network to internet services. The Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) method is an approach used in multi-criteria decision making to balance various factors related to a problem. This study aims to apply the Combined Compromise Solution method in modem selection so that users get a modem that meets their needs well, provides a stable and fast internet connection. The results of alternative ranking using the Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) method gave the results of Rank 1, namely the MQ531 Modem with a final value of 6.3689, Rank 2, namely the Huawei E5577 Max Modem with a final value of 6.3689, Rank 3, namely the Telkomsel Orbit Star A1 Modem with a final value of 5.8796.

Resources scarcity, available capabilities and cost-benefit point of view, make it essential to select the best project(s) from available project portfolio. Project selection process has a significant role in the success. Here the main problem is what projects must be selected and how manage simultaneous projects. Used approach to answer these questions must be real, fast, global, flexible, economic and easy to use. It is clear that choosing a good approach for project selection problem with economic and non-economic criteria can be vital for a project manager to success within constraints. The complexity of this problem increases as the number of projects and the number of objectives increase. Therefore, in this research we aim to present a heuristic based on genetic and simulates annealing to select and prioritize available projects based on economic and non-economic criteria. Considered issues are benefit, credit and risk (technical and financial). Presented method starts from multi population of generated solutions and moves toward the final solution. Comparison studies between our method with other recently method in the literature demonstrates the capability of it to find a good basket of projects. Experimental results demonstrate that this method can be used for all kinds of projects basket.

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Resources scarcity, available capabilities and cost-benefit point of view, make it essential to select the best project(s) from available projects. Project selection process has a significant role in the success of investment. The main question is "what projects should be financed?" Applied approach to answer this, should be real, fast, global, flexible, economic and easy to use. It is clear that choosing a good approach for project selection problem with economic and non-economic criteria can be vital for a project manager to success within constraints. The complexity of the problem increases when the number of projects and the number of objectives increase. Therefore, in this research we aim to present a new heuristic method based on genetic and simulates annealing to select and rank available projects based on economic and non-economic criteria. Presented method starts from initial solutions including multi population generated solutions, and moves toward the final solution based on genetic operators and objective function. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on a set of randomly generated test problems with varying complexity. Comparison studies between our method with other recently method in the literature demonstrates the capability of it to find a good basket of projects. Experimental results prove that this method is applicable for all kinds of projects basket. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to introduce a multi criteria performance measurement model for newbuilding dry-docking purposes as a managerial tool. The dry-docking is presented as a process with multiple inputs and outputs, containing various technical and cost data related to the dry-docking project. The data envelopment analysis models with constant and variable returns to scale were used in this research along with the efficiency decomposition method to determine possible sources of inefficiency on the data sets available. The seven criteria to be used for dry-docking performance measurement. Research results determined the best practice/efficient vessels which create the efficient frontier. Projections to the efficient frontier, efficiency decomposition and sources of inefficiency recognition with improvement propositions were provided for the inefficient vessels. Due to the performance assessment carried out, the results represent benchmarks for dry-docking performance and a guideline to future dry-docking improvements on data set researched. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last years of the era of the modern Egyptian state, we have witnessed a remarkable development in all different sectors. To be able to continue this development, it was necessary to pay attention to the energy sector and its development, by dispensing with the main dependence on fossil fuels and finding new sources of energy that are less harmful to the environment, less costly and more abundant. The interest of the Egyptian state, represented by the Ministry of Electricity and Renewable Energy, appeared in the search for various renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy, and others. Our role as researchers is to assist the state in making decisions about determining the optimal sites for the establishment of renewable energy plants of various kinds, based on the criteria for each of these types of stations. This is indeed what has been worked on in several previous studies and research in recent years. In this research, we have reviewed the most important researches related to choosing the best renewable energy sites (specifically wind energy as a model) in the Arab Republic of Egypt and other countries. The results were reviewed, and comparisons were made between the different study areas and the methodology of each research to clarify the effectiveness of geographic information systems in completing the decisionmaking process to determine the best sites for energy harvesting, and accordingly choosing the best sites for constructing wind power plants. Note that the researches reviewed here is based on Multi-Criteria decision analysis (MCDA) by analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method using Geographic Information System (GIS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, GIS is widely recognized as a valuable decision support system that enables the determination of suitable spatial locations for a specific objective based on a group of criteria. This paper aims to utilize such a comprehensive approach for delineating suitable sites to set up future tourist infrastructures in vaishali block, Bihar, India. Several recent databases have been gathered, integrated, processed, and analyzed for the study area. Six criteria have been designed and applied for finding safe, homogenously-distrusted, and economical optimal locations for potential tourist facilities in the study area. A suitability map has been developed based on a weighted integration of the chosen six criteria. According to our present investigation; the most reasonable the travel industry site recognized by the examination is inside significant towns. The urban focus with plausibility to develop into the travel industry focuses. The rest of the land shows a low appropriateness scale because of absence of significant appreciation for make a solid force factor. Availability is an essential for the travel industry advancement. Great street organize availability with closeness to railroads station or air terminal demonstrated solid vacationer potential site, this combined with proximity to grand magnificence delineates high appropriateness. Significant vacation destinations, for example, legacy locales, gardens and water bodies or lake demonstrated high appropriateness. This can be corresponded to the way that legacy destinations and other high appropriate highlights are converted into reasonable the travel industry site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Across the millennia, agricultural activity in the oases of the Sahara was made possible thanks to the shallow water table. However, with the recent agricultural expansion, unsustainable practices were introduced with the result that a significant proportion of the areas under cultivation are waterlogged and salinized, of which the case of Siwa oasis is the most severe, where all the solutions implemented to date proved to be unsustainable. The present study suggests an "out-of-the-depression" solution, whereby the excess drainage water could be accommodated in a nearby depression without sacrificing a valuable land. To this end, remote sensing products and geographical information systems were used to assess the capacity of Al 'Araj Depression, as a candidate sink for the drainage water flowing out of Siwa Depression, and to conduct a suitability analysis, which classifies the lands of the floor of Siwa Depression for the sake of digging a main west-to-east drain that ultimately leads to Al 'Araj. The results show that Al 'Araj would be sufficient to accommodate the extra drainage water of Siwa, and the suitability analysis reveals two possible alternatives for a proposed arterial west-to-east drain cutting through Siwa Depression. Moreover, the results are quite applicable to similar problems in the wider context of the African Sahara. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the dynamic and uncertain behaviors of nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), reliable data delivery becomes challenging task. With the absence of global information and centralised decision maker, the nodes in distributed WSNs need to rely on the surrounding nodes. This reliance requires the nodes to select the most reliable partner to work with in relaying the packets. Thus, the evaluation criteria and evaluation process has become a crucial agenda. Recent approaches adopt the concept of trust in selecting the next forwarder. However, most of them are restricted to certain criteria and the evaluation are conducted for single node. Inefficient consideration on the factors involved and inability to have wider view of the network could lead to inaccurate selection of forwarder, which eventually causes packet loss or re-transmission that consumes more resources. In this paper, we present an Adaptive Trust-based Routing Protocol (ATRP) that encompasses direct trust, indirect trust, and witness trust that considers multiple factors (resources and security) in its trustworthiness using pairwise comparison. The proposed mechanism allows further evaluations on more potential nodes, at several hops that helps to balance the energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime. Simulation results demonstrate longer lifetime, less delay, less packet loss and low energy consumption when compared to existing protocols.

The increasing human population and income per capita in Indonesia have many impacts to the demand of food, not only staple food but also the secondary food too, including meat and beef demand. Based on data from Central Statistics Bureau of 1995–2016, beef demand in Indonesia has been increasing. This condition must be anticipated by preparing the supply, especially the availability of beef in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta province. In Yogyakarta city, one of the regencies of DIY, the demand rate grows by 3.2%/year, higher than the supply growth rate by 2.08 %/year. This gap needs to be thought through the case of scarcity of beef on the market. This study aimed to identify the potential of supply in five parameters i.e.: beef population, the availability of semen for artificial insemination (IB), the availability of livestock feed plants (HMT), the number of cows that enter DIY, and the number of cows that exit from DIY. A model Spatial Geographic Information Systems (SGIS) has been used in this study. The study revealed the most potential area for the development of beef agribusiness, based on the availability side, was Gunung Kidul Regency, and the less potential was Yogyakarta municipality.

Transport network criticality analysis aims at ranking transport infrastructure elements based on their contribution to the performance of the overall infrastructure network. Despite the wide variety of transport network criticality metrics, little guidance is available on selecting metrics that are fit for the specific purpose of a study. To address this gap, this study reviews, evaluates and compares seventeen criticality metrics. First, we conceptually evaluate these metrics in terms of the functionality of the transport system that the metrics try to represent (either maintaining connectivity, reducing travel cost, or improving accessibility), the underlying ethical principles (either utilitarianism or egalitarianism), and the spatial aggregation considered by the metrics (either network-wide or localised). Next, we empirically compare the metrics by calculating them for eight transport networks. We define the empirical similarity between two metrics as the degree to which they yield similar rankings of infrastructure elements. Pairs of metrics that have high empirical similarity highlight the same set of transport infrastructure elements as critical. We find that empirical similarity is partly dependent on the network's topology. We also observe that metrics that are conceptually similar do not necessarily have high empirical similarity. Based on the insights from the conceptual and empirical comparison, we propose a five-step guideline for transport authorities and analysts to identify the set of criticality metrics to use which best aligns with the nature of their policy questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-criteria decision making approach is one of the most troublesome tools for solving the tangled optimization problems in the machining area due to its capability of solving the complex optimization problems in the production process. Turning is widely used in the manufacturing processes as it offers enormous advantages like good quality product, customer satisfaction, economical and relatively easy to apply. A contemporary approach, MOORA coupled with PCA, was used to ascertain an optimal combination of input parameters (spindle speed, depth of cut and feed rate) for the given output parameters (power consumption, average surface roughness and frequency of tool vibration) using L27 orthogonal array for turning on ASTM A588 mild steel. Comparison between MOORA-PCA and TOPSIS-PCA shows the effectiveness of MOORA over TOPSIS method. The optimum parameter combination for multi-performance characteristics has been established for ASTM A588 mild steel are spindle speed 160 rpm, depth of cut 0.1 mm and feed rate 0.08 mm/rev. Therefore, this study focuses on the application of the hybrid MCDM approach as a vital selection making tool to deal with multi objective optimization problems.

Information security is one of the key concerns of an enterprise or organization. To assure suitable management of information security a list of information security management frameworks has been developed by a number of institutions and authors. A condensed information in information security management framework is very important to a small and medium enterprise as this type of enterprise usually lacks resources for information security expertise and deep analysis. Despite the fact, the information security management process and its frameworks, on the other hand, are very complex and require a big number of different elements. At the moment the comparison it is very shallow, as all properties of the comparison are treated equally important. In real life, the importance of different criteria of information security management framework and their suitability for small and medium enterprise vary. Therefore we use the Analytic Hierarchy Process to construct a hierarchy of information security management frameworks quality and applicability in small and medium enterprise and define the weights for each of the criteria. Weighted criteria express the importance of the criteria and executed the final comparison of alternatives (five information security management frameworks) is more realistic (similar to experts opinion) comparing to existing comparisons.

This paper presents a group fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) model for the selection of water desalination membranes. In addition to literature, experts from the pharmaceutical industry sector and academia were involved in setting and evaluating the criteria to be used in the selection process. Technical criteria focus on parameters concerning the type and configuration of the material of membrane, operational parameters concerning the work conditions under which the membrane will function and efficiency parameters concerning permeability, salt rejection and environmental performance over the lifecycle of the membrane. Non-technical criteria focus on the supply chain finance, volume and time parameters. The fuzzy opinions of 12 experts were aggregated using the aggregation of individual judgment (AIJ) method to obtain the weights of seven technical and five non-technical criteria and their corresponding sub-criteria using Chang's FAHP method. Obtained weights are then used to select the best reverse osmosis (RO) desalination membrane alternative among three different alternative membrane types widely used in the pharmaceutical industry; ESPA1 which is characterized by its energy saving among RO membranes during the filtration processes and produces around 2,100 gallons of permeate flow each day, CPA2 which is known for its high salt rejection and produces around 2,250 gallons of permeate flow each day, and LFC3 which is known for its low fouling and produces around 2,100 gallons of permeate flow each day. Experts agreed that technical criteria are far more important than non-technical criteria. Results show that salt rejection efficiency is the most important technical criteria, the cost is the highest-ranked non-technical criteria and CPA2 is the most preferred alternative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes competitiveness of the six Korea-Europe transport routes. For the criteria of analysis, the quantitative factors (total transport distance, total transport time, and total transport cost) and the qualitative factors (transport service, safety, and awareness) were selected and weighed. The factors were then applied to the TOPSIS technique to rank the routes based on their competitiveness. The result of TOPSIS analysis showed the priority in the routes as follows: Route 1 (Trans Korea Railway(TKR) and Trans Siberia Railway(TSR))> Route 6 (Arctic Route)>Route4(Busan-Vanino-TSR)>Route2(Busan-Vostochny-TSR)> Route3 (Busan-Vladivostok-Vostochny-TSR)> Route 5 (Suez Canal Route). Route 1 was found the most competitive, and Route 5, the most widely used sea way was ranked the lowest. In addition, the new transport routes, Route 1 and 6 are shown to be more competitive than the currently available routes, Route 2, 3 and 4. However, these routes need national level supports (rail construction for Route 1 and subsidy plan for Route 6) for the commercial use in the future.