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In the last 30 years, there are many publications in the literature due to global warming and climate change impacts exhibiting non-stationary behaviors in hydro-meteorology time series records especially in the forms of increasing or decreasing trends. The conventional trend analyzes cover the entire recording time with a single straight-line trend and slope. These methods do not provide information about up and down partial moving trends evolution at shorter durations along the entire record length. This paper proposes a dynamic methodology for identifying such evolutionary finite duration moving trend method (MTM) identifications and interpretations. The purpose of choosing MTM was to investigate the dynamic partial trend evolution over the recording period so that dry (decreasing trend) and wet (increasing trend) segments could be objectively identified and these trends could assist in water resources management in the study area. The moving trend analysis is like the classical moving average methodology with one important digression that instead of arithmetic averages and their horizontal line representations, a series of finite duration successive increasing and decreasing trends are identified over a given hydro-meteorology time series record. In general, partial moving trends of 10-year, 20-year, 30-year and 40-year occur above or below the overall trend and thus provide practical insight into the dynamic trend pattern with important implications. The moving trend methodology is applied to annual records of Danube River discharges, New Jersey state wise temperatures and precipitation time series from the City of Istanbul. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Librarians can choose between the career strategy of staying put in one library or moving around to different libraries. Money may be the most important factor; but fringe benefits, cost of living, the librarian's financial needs, and moving expenses also matter. Professional considerations include: current job satisfaction, relationships with colleagues and administration, ultimate career goals, and job security. Lifestyle preferences can play a big part. Finally, moving may impact the librarian's personal relationships. School librarians lack promotion possibilities; the libraries are small and state certification is often needed. Moving between public libraries is easiest because job duties, status of librarians, and organizational structure are similar. The wide differences in special libraries create obstacles. Academic libraries present a complex challenge with differences in status, multiple promotion paths, and more varying responsibilities. The final decision is often less rationally based than most believe. The good news is that staying put or moving around are important in the short run, but both strategies can lead to successful library careers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: Active aging is the process through which people strive to maintain wellbeing when growing old. Addressing the lack of research on active aging in the context of housing, the aim was to describe active aging among people aged 55 and older considering relocation and investigate whether perceived housing moderates the relationship between functional limitations and active aging. Methods: We utilized cross-sectional data from a sub-sample (N = 820; mean age = 69.7; 54% women) of the Prospective RELOC-AGE. Functional limitations were reported using 10 dichotomous questions. Active aging was assessed with the University of Jyvaskyla Active Aging Scale (UJACAS; 17 items, self-rated for four perspectives). Perceived housing was self-rated with four usability questions and meaning of home (MOH; 28 items). Cross-sectional associations and interactions were analysed using linear regression models, adjusting for gender and educational level. Results: Each functional limitation decreased the active aging score by almost five points (p < 0.001). Usability did not moderate that relationship while MOH significantly attenuated the association between functional limitations and active aging (p = 0.039). Those with high MOH had two points less decrease in active aging score compared to those with low MOH. Discussion and conclusions: Having a home with more personal meaning attached to it seems to provide more ability and opportunity for meaningful activities, thus supporting active aging despite functional limitations. This sheds new light on the known association between MOH and different aspects of wellbeing in old age and has relevance for theory development, housing policies and housing counselling targeting younger older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production of concrete mixes, along with their use in the production of building materials and structures, is one of the key processes in the construction industry during the construction, restoration and repair of buildings and structures. Because of this, the need to create modern concrete mixing plants that will meet the requirements of minimum energy consumption and maximum productivity of concrete mixture production is an urgent task. Not only the main operations, which include the dosing of the components of the mixture and their mixing, but also the maintenance operations, namely operations that ensure the timely movement of the components of the concrete mixture from warehouses to the main technological equipment, affect the set rhythm of the concrete mixture production. Conveyors of various types and designs are used to move bulk materials, such as crushed stone and sand. For the rational selection of such equipment in accordance with the characteristics of the cargo to be transported, knowledge of the types of conveyors, their structures and parameters, understanding of operation issues and methods of parameter calculation are required. In addition, it is worth paying attention to the following parameters: maximum cargo transportation productivity, low energy consumption per unit of moved products, low metal content of the structure. The work reviewed the most common designs of conveyors used to move bulk materials in concrete mixing plants, analyzed the disadvantages and advantages of conveyors, as well as technical parameters. As a result, the predominant directions for the use of belt and plate conveyors at construction enterprises were determined. The advantages of belt conveyors, which contribute to their widespread distribution, are high productivity, simplicity of design, reliability, quiet operation, low specific power consumption. When choosing a conveyor, it is recommended to choose the equipment with the highest productivity and the lowest power of the drive motors, however, the performance should be clearly related to other technological equipment.

ABSTRACT Domestic violence (DV) shelters provide a safe place for women and children; however, they are only intended to be a temporary solution until residents can find a safe place of their own. In Sweden, the social services are responsible for helping and supporting victims of DV to get away from the violence, which can include everything from practical help and housing to emotional support. The present article aims to investigate mothers' descriptions of leaving a DV shelter where they were staying with their children. Interviews with 13 mothers of children aged 0–6 years are analysed using thematic analysis. The results show that the process of leaving a DV shelter begins almost as soon as the mother and her children arrive, as it can take quite some time to find a new safe place and to mentally prepare for the move. Additionally, it takes a lot of effort to plan for life outside the shelter. This involves hardship for the mothers and children, meaning that they need support from both shelter staff and social services. Implications for social work practice and policy are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The boundary conditions of the moving layered medium are analyzed and the expressions of electromagnetic field are deduced. The reflection and transmission coefficients in fixed coordinates are obtained by using the covariance characteristic of Maxwell Equations. It is very complicated to apply boundary conditions many times in analyzing a multi-layer slab. In this paper, the results obtained from the boundary conditions of single-layer slab are analogous with those obtained by the transfer matrix method. Through improvement and generalization, the transfer matrix method can be used to calculate the moving multi-layer slabs. It can be applied to calculate the reflection and transmission coefficients of one-dimensional moving photonic crystal as well as deal with TM and TE polarization for the oblique incident. The zero reflection points of TM and TE polarization for layered slab are calculated. The results calculated in this study are matching well with the reference. It shows that the reflection oscillation enhances with the increase of β and layer number, while the changing rule of reflections about TM polarization is relatively complex. The reflections of both TE wave and TM wave are all related to the incidence angle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We, Hans and Justine, share the love of walking with many. To move proves beneficial for body and mind which are connected and interdependent. This article has three parts. We start with a brief introduction about movement with a focus on walking. The second part contains a dialogue about our own experiences with walking. Several themes are addressed: getting stuck and getting unstuck; the art of doing nothing useful; getting back to basics; the body thinks; time and duration; alone and together; silence. In the third part, we try to highlight the relevance of movement, both physical and also as a form of community action, for systemic practice, and its connection to change. We distinguish between first, second and third order changes.

The purpose of the work is to develop a model and a method for determining the stress-strain state of the tool for abrasive processing of materials as an orthotropic composite with an arbitrary number of regularly spaced discrete grains connected by a bond material under the condition of a thermal increase in the size of an arbitrary grain of the working surface. The work establishes the following. The extreme shear stresses of the bond material in the plane normal to the working surface of the tool are almost twice as small as the corresponding stresses in the plane parallel to the working surface of the tool. The thermal increase in grain size, in accordance with the Saint-Venant’s principle, locally disturbs the stress-strain state of the tool. The size of the zone of local disturbance caused by the thermal expansion of the grain in the direction of expansion depends on the mechanical properties of the components of the tool (moduli of elasticity for the tension of the grain material and for the shear of the bond material). In all directions, the size of the disturbance zones of the stress-strain state depends on the number of grains in the tool in directions orthogonal to the direction of the thermal change in grain size. The obtained results make it possible to comprehensively take into account the composite orthotropic construction, the mechanical properties of the components of the tool in which, due to thermal expansion, the size of the arbitrary grain of the working surface has increased. The linearity of the problem statement allows, by summing up the results for the changes in the sizes of individual, several arbitrarily located grains, and at an arbitrary heating temperature of the grains, to determine the total stress-strain state. The obtained dependencies, at the stage of development of the processing technology, allow us to quantitatively estimate the stress level in the tool, to predict the likely number of load cycles before failure, to influence the value of stresses by selecting materials at the stage of tool manufacturing, to choose cutting modes at the stage of technology development, how to increase the efficiency of using the abrasive tool processing

Extant research shows that consumers are more likely to donate to close than distant others, making donations to geographically distant beneficiaries a challenge. This article introduces residential mobility as a novel variable that can lead to increased donations toward distant beneficiaries. This article proposes that residential mobility (vs. stability) leads consumers to have a stronger global identity, whereby they see themselves as world citizens. This global identity results in higher donations to distant beneficiaries. A multi-method approach provides evidence for this prediction. An analysis of a national panel dataset demonstrates that high residential mobility is correlated with donations to distant beneficiaries. Lab experiments, including one with real monetary donations, replicate these effects using both actual moving experience and a residential mobility mindset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nonlinear vibration characteristics of the rotating axially moving circular cylindrical shells in subharmonic regions are investigated in the present paper. The motion equations are carried out based on the Hamilton principle in cylindrical coordinates utilizing Donnell's nonlinear shell theory. By introducing the suitable airy stress function, three equilibrium equations in the cylindrical coordinates are simplified into two nonlinear coupled nonhomogeneous PDEs, including a compatibility equation and the transverse motion equation. The compatibility equation solution is obtained employing the seven degrees of freedom for the flexural mode shape of the system. By implementation of the Galerkin method, the motion equation would be projected into seven nonlinear coupled nonhomogeneous ODEs. This set of equations is solved using a direct normal form method validated by the numerical method and available data. The effect of angular velocity and axial speed is investigated employing frequency and force response curves, bifurcation diagrams, time history, and the system's phase portraits. Always axially moving and rotation speed of the system intensifies the nonlinear behavior of the frequency responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the authors consider the concept of micromobility, the areas of its functioning, the main problems and its effectiveness as an element of the urban transport system. Purpose – the main problems of introducing micromobility into the city’s transport system are identified and ways to solve them are shown. Methodology: the article used a full-scale experiment, statistical analysis. Results: the factors that increase the efficiency of the functioning of means of micromobility in urban conditions are determined. Practical implications: identification of the most effective and priority measures to improve the transport system of the city using the means of micromobility. Research activities on the development of new approaches in the field of public transport services.

This research applies the moving frame method (MFM) to the multi-body dynamic analysis of an OC3 phase IV spar buoy with the NREL 5MW turbine. Further, it verifies previous results obtained through numerical comparisons with commercial software. The long-term goal is to lay the foundation for leveraging the MFM to create a self-contained software system for future analyses that can incorporate effects that are more sophisticated, when commercial codes fall short. In this first evidentiary phase, this project treats the floating turbine as a three-bodied system consisting of the platform (platform + tower), nacelle and rotor (hub + blades). Then the paper presents the MFM in a tutorial style—in the context of this problem’s resolution. The paper supplements the multi-body dynamic equations of motion obtained through the MFM with simplified and reduced hydrodynamic, aerodynamic and mooring loads to simulate the translational and rotational response of the floating turbine under various load conditions. The results closely approximate those found in previous work and, in the process, demonstrates MFM’s analytical advantage. Current results capture the coupled responses in all degrees of freedom and gyroscopic effects occurring when the platform pitches with the spinning rotor. The project thus provides an accurate model for the dynamics of the turbine and opens the door to inserting correct advanced hydrodynamics to validate the model further. The work presents simulations for the different load cases through a 3D web page using WebGL and the ThreeJS library. Users may download all software to verify the results. An undergraduate student conducted the work alone, demonstrating the ease of implementation of the MFM.

This study aims to understand prophetic leadership in realizing effective learning from the perspective of Kurt Lewin at pondok pesantren. This study uses a phenomenological approach, where the researcher tries to understand the meaning behind the phenomenon through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The data sources of this research were obtained from the information submitted by the informants, the results of observations and documents, and the results of the study of several theories taken from reputable scientific books and journals. The data analysis was carried out circularly, from data collection, data presentation, and data reduction to concluding. The results of the study indicate that prophetic leadership in realizing effective learning from the perspective of Kurt Lewin at pondok pesantren is carried out through; first, unfreezing, which consists of changing motivation, feeling towards change, preparation for change; second, moving, namely the movement towards something new or the latest developments; third, refreezing maintains the change results. This study concludes that Kyai's prophetic leadership in making learning effective in Islamic boarding schools in the perspective of Kurt Lewin's change management must be carried out in a planned, systematic and earnest manner concerning the values of humanization, liberation, and transcendence, considering that change is intended to improve the quality of education in Islamic boarding schools. The research has implications for the importance of leaders in responding to the dynamics of existing changes, both internal to the organization and external to the organization.

Objective: This paper investigates the association between family formation intentions of marriage and childbearing in connection to moving intentions in early life course in Central and Eastern Europe. Background: While connections between intentions in Western Europe has received some scholarly attention, the link between marriage, having children and moving intentions has been largely overlooked in Central and Eastern Europe. We look at the connection between these intentions in the region. Method: We hypothesise that intentions to marry, have children and move may be positively related, negatively related or not related at all; and that gender serves as a channel through which the connection between family formation intentions and intention to move is expressed. In order to verify the hypotheses, we use Generations and Gender Survey data round 1 wave 1 focusing on the analytical sample based on individuals between 17 and 49 year olds from 5 Central and Eastern European countries. We run seemingly unrelated bivariate ordered probit regressions to estimate the relationship between the intentions. Results: We find a positive association between family formation intentions and intention to move. However, there is no evidence suggesting this association is channelled through gender. Conclusion: There exists an indication that intentions of marriage, childbearing and moving are joint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamics of slab detachment and associated geological fingerprints have been inferred from various numerical and analog models. These invariably use a setup with slab‐pull‐driven convergence in which a slab detaches below a mantle‐stationary trench after the arrest of plate convergence due to arrival of continental lithosphere. In contrast, geological reconstructions show that post‐detachment plate convergence is common and that trenches and sutures are rarely mantle‐stationary during detachment. Here, we identify the more realistic kinematic context of slab detachment using the example of the India‐Asia convergent system. We first show that only the India and Himalayas slabs (from India's northern margin) and the Carlsberg slab (from the western margin) unequivocally detached from Indian lithosphere. Several other slabs below the Indian Ocean do not require a Neotethyan origin and may be of Mesotethys and Paleotethys origin. Additionally, the still‐connected slabs are being dragged together with the Indian plate forward (Hindu Kush) or sideways (Burma, Chaman) through the mantle. We show that Indian slab detachment occurred at moving trenches during ongoing plate convergence, providing more realistic geodynamic conditions for use in future numerical and analog experiments. We identify that the actively detaching Hindu Kush slab is a type‐example of this setting, whilst a 25–13 Ma phase of shallow detachment of the Himalayas slab, here reconstructed from plate kinematics and tomography, agrees well with independent, published geological estimates from the Himalayas orogen of slab detachment. The Sulaiman Ranges of Pakistan may hold the geological signatures of detachment of the laterally dragged Carlsberg slab. Key Points: Kinematic context of slab detachmentSlab detachment during ongoing convergence [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polycrystalline diamonds (PCD) are difficult-to-cut materials due to their ultra-hardness caused by the diamond particles sintered in the materials' structure. Electrical discharge machining is a universal nontraditional method to process electrically conductive hard-to-cut materials by using electro-thermal energy without considering the workpiece's hardness and strength. However, due to the high electrical resistivity caused by the non-conductive diamond particles, EDM machining characteristics of PCD are different from those of metals. Dielectric flushing can disturb the position and shape of the plasma channel, resulting in predictable movements of the sparking spot, which provides the possibility of preventing the discharge from being trapped between the non-conductive particles during each single discharge. This paper explored the potential of improving the processability of PCD by utilizing the moving electric arcs formed by dielectric flushing. Mathematical models were established and simulated to investigate the movement behavior of plasma channels in one single-pulse discharge for the first time. A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the theory and validate the assumptions. The results showed that dielectric flushing stretched the plasma channel and changed the spots of the arcs, which increased the material removal rate and improved the consistency of the processed surface topography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present investigation explores the dynamic effects of wall motion on the turbulent flow and thermal characteristics of a dual jet. The effects of variation in Reynolds number (Re) and offset ratio (OR) on different heat transfer and flow characteristics of turbulent dual jet have also been elucidated. The Reynolds number of flow and offset ratio are considered in the range Re=10000-25000 and OR=5-13⁠, respectively. The wall to jet velocity ratio (⁠Uw⁠) is varied in the range of 0-2 at an interval of 0.5⁠. The detailed study of heat transfer from moving impingement wall has been done by considering either the isoflux or the isothermal boundary condition on the heated wall. The motion of the wall strongly affects the thermal behavior and several flow characteristics of the dual jet. The nature of the velocity profile in the vector diagram changes from parabolic to linear in the far-field region due to the motion of the wall. The dual jet flow exhibits different patterns of self-similar profiles for different values of velocity ratio. The value of maximum longitudinal velocity (⁠Umax⁠) at a given axial position increases with the increase in impingement wall velocity. The exhaustive parametric study of dual jet flow over a moving wall reveals the fact that the process of heat transfer from heated moving wall to fluid is more intense for the higher value of Reynolds number and offset ratio, and for isoflux boundary condition. For the moving wall case, the maximum enhancement in heat transfer with reference to the stationary wall has been found to be 45.31%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The dynamics of slab detachment and associated geological fingerprints have been inferred from various numerical and analog models. These invariably use a setup with slab‐pull‐driven convergence in which a slab detaches below a mantle‐stationary trench after the arrest of plate convergence due to arrival of continental lithosphere. In contrast, geological reconstructions show that post‐detachment plate convergence is common and that trenches and sutures are rarely mantle‐stationary during detachment. Here, we identify the more realistic kinematic context of slab detachment using the example of the India‐Asia convergent system. We first show that only the India and Himalayas slabs (from India's northern margin) and the Carlsberg slab (from the western margin) unequivocally detached from Indian lithosphere. Several other slabs below the Indian Ocean do not require a Neotethyan origin and may be of Mesotethys and Paleotethys origin. Additionally, the still‐connected slabs are being dragged together with the Indian plate forward (Hindu Kush) or sideways (Burma, Chaman) through the mantle. We show that Indian slab detachment occurred at moving trenches during ongoing plate convergence, providing more realistic geodynamic conditions for use in future numerical and analog experiments. We identify that the actively detaching Hindu Kush slab is a type‐example of this setting, whilst a 25–13 Ma phase of shallow detachment of the Himalayas slab, here reconstructed from plate kinematics and tomography, agrees well with independent, published geological estimates from the Himalayas orogen of slab detachment. The Sulaiman Ranges of Pakistan may hold the geological signatures of detachment of the laterally dragged Carlsberg slab.

Painless legs and moving toes (PoLMT) is a rare variant of painful legs and moving toes (PLMT). The difference is the absence of pain, which is usually hard to manage in PLMT. An involuntary movement in the toes is a compound of both. Although there are many medication options for this disease, most fail to treat it successfully. Here, we report on a 62-year-old female with involuntary movements in her toes for five years. The rarity and unclear etiology of the disease are the reasons we wanted to present it.

The forced torsional vibration of a nanobeam by using the nonlocal strain gradient theory and incorporating the surface effects is investigated in the current work. The aim of this paper was to analyze the surface effect on the forced torsional vibration of a nanobeam. The simulated nanobeam is under the distributed external torque and moving external harmonic torque. The governing equations are derived by employing the Hamilton principle. The extracted partial differential equation is converted to ordinary differential equation by deploying the Assumed Modes method. The dynamic torsion of clamped–clamped end supports of nanobeam is determined by using the Convolution integral. The effect of nondimensional material length scale parameter, the nondimensional nonlocal parameter, the velocity parameter and the nondimensional moment, on the maximum nondimensional dynamic torsion of nanobeam are studied. Eventually, the effect of residual surface torsion and surface shear modulus on the maximum nondimensional dynamic torsion of nanobeam, which is obtained from the nonlocal strain gradient theory under the distributed torsional and moving harmonic dynamic moments, is studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employers contract with relocation management companies (RMCs) to help employees transfer from one location to another. In an efficient market, the selling price and time on the market (TOM) should not vary based on the nature of the seller. However, RMCs provide sellers with relocation package benefits that may affect TOM and selling price. This study examines a sample of 24,493 sales from 1998 to 2017, which includes 831 relocation sales. Relocation properties are more expensive, newer, and have more amenities than other transactions. The properties are less likely to be occupied during the listing period. Relocation sales of smaller properties sell 22.7% more quickly and at a 3.3% price premium in 1998–2007. TOM is 29.7% shorter for larger relocation properties in 2012–2017, suggesting more generous relocation packages for higher-level employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined differences in middle-aged adults' preferred features of their current versus future residential environments and how these differences varied by health and social characteristics. A sample of 1,651 Korean middle-aged adults (aged 49-64) rated their preferences for each of 12 features (e.g., proximity to family/relatives, house price) regarding current and future residential environments, separately. Respondents considered "accessibility to health services" and "opportunity for leisure activities" more important for future residential environments than for current ones. Respondents with poorer health considered features that help them compensate for health decline more important, while those who contacted friends/neighbors more frequently and participated in more cultural activities considered features that help them maintain their social interactions more important for future residential environments than the past. Our findings identified middle-aged adults' various demands for residential features after retirement, which reflect their strategic reactions to future needs for successful adaptation in later years., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

This study applied the theory of planned behavior to examine predictors of U.S. older adults' (65+ years) intention and behavior of moving to a nursing home. Two waves of Health and Retirement Study data were used (N = 9,969). Moving intention was measured by respondents' self-reported probability to move in the next 5 years in Wave 1. Moving behavior was measured by whether they actually moved in Wave 2. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationships of demographic and health predictors with moving intention and behavior. For both genders, advanced age, poorer health, having fewer children, and long-term care insurance were associated with higher levels of moving intention and behavior. Men's intention was a significant predictor of subsequent moving behavior. However, women's intention was not associated with moving behavior, probably due to inadequate resources to support their preference. The findings provide meaningful personhood-centered insights into nursing home entry decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on Descartes's vision on how the dimensions of the organism connect with each other. Re-reading Descartes is proposed as an antidote against endemic cultural dualism, in a world in which medical institutions, still describe human beings using dualistic terms such as 'psychosomatic', 'body psychotherapy', or 'body-mind' systems. It also introduces Descartes as an early scientific medical researcher who developed a scientific interactionist and organismic approach of embodiment. This paper is framed by my interest in the development of an 'organismic psychology', which assumes that physiological, behavioural, and psychological routines are embedded heterogeneous cogwheels of a human being. I have observed that such an approach is particularly useful with psychosomatic patients, and most forms of body psychotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a need for finding new, clean and cheap energy sources. Honey bees, on the other side, provide the agricultural sector with essential pollination service to crops. One hive contains thousands of bees, and hundreds of hives can be kept in one place (i.e. apiary). This study, for the first time, describes designs for the possibility of producing electricity from honey bee hives utilizing the kinetic energy of bees. The generated energy is expected to be clean and cheap, and without any negative impacts on the bees. The produced energy can be increased using large number of hives and can be stored. This study provides a new trend to produce energy from insects.

Painless legs and moving toes (PoLMT) is a rare variant of painful legs and moving toes (PLMT). The difference is the absence of pain, which is usually hard to manage in PLMT. An involuntary movement in the toes is a compound of both. Although there are many medication options for this disease, most fail to treat it successfully. Here, we report on a 62-year-old female with involuntary movements in her toes for five years. The rarity and unclear etiology of the disease are the reasons we wanted to present it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mohsin Hamid's novel "Exit West" (2017) deals with the issue of migration in the contemporary world. This article aims at analysing the migratory process underwent by the main characters in terms of various experiences they have while moving from one place to another after leaving their home country, which is probably Pakistan, since it is the author s home country. In the novel, migration happens through magical doors, which demonstrates that it is relatively easy to move, but it does not mean that it is easy to settle in the new places in which the protagonists find themselves. During the pre-migration stage the characters face danger even when they are at home, so various traumatic experiences force them to leave. During the migratory stage they live with little food and sleep outdoors in Mykonos. Then they go through life threatening events in London. The post-migratory period starts only in Marin (the United States of America), but the protagonists separate in this final migration stage. Even though the protagonists of the novel are migrants, the very process of migration lacks descriptions of travelling and movement. The characters find themselves in different locations, but the way they actually get there is missing. As a result, the reader does not learn about the hardships that real-life migrants would experience and it feels like a substantial part of the complexity of migrant experience is not revealed, despite the fact that the protagonists go through numerous negative and even traumatic experiences in all stages (pre-, during, and post-) of migration after appearing in different countries when they enter through the doors. Since migration involves leaving one's place of residence, it is not surprising that later it leads to the search of similarities and differences between the former and the present place of living. One's homeland may be seen as conjuring up feelings of nostalgia, as a place that reminds of one's native language, values, traditions, and meals. In the novel, all this is portrayed through the character of Saeed who experiences difficulty trying to get used to the different environment and people and fit in. However, Nadia is portrayed as the character that gets accustomed to new locations and environment more easily and can move from place to place without difficulty. In other words, the two protagonists represent how migration experience can be perceived by different people, since for some it is positive, while for others it is not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Following the founding of the new states with the aim of reaching the Mediterranean in the Balkans Russia realizing the difficulty of this task began seeking for ways. Russia planned to reach the Mediterranean via Eastern Anatolia. To this end she, on one hand, tried to win the Armenians and the Kurds over. On the other, she provoked them against each other and incited enmity between the Armenians and the Kurds. As a result of the Russian exertions some of the Kurdish tribes, such as the Bedirhans, approached Russia. Armenians, meanwhile, having decided to take their position in the ranks of the Russian Army began conscripting voluntary Armenian youth in Tbilisi. Upon the developments, some Armenians deserting the Ottoman Army to join the Russian Army, and some staying the Ottoman territories launched rebellions. Owing to the rebellions Russian Army easily marched over Van and occupied Malazgirt on 11 May 1915, Gevaş on 18 May and Van the city on 20 May 1915 with ease. What is more, the key to the city was presented to the Russian General Nikolai Nikolayevich Yudenich by the Armenians living in the city. As a result of the gesture, Russia allowed the Armenians to set up a provisionary government in Van. Later the Ottoman Army, with a counter operation took the Russian occupied territories of Malazgirt, Adilcevaz and Karaköse back. Russians, in return, took some decisions. One such decision was the moving of the Armenians living in the region to the Caucasus. This study concentrates on the causes and effects of the forced removal of the Armenians by the Russians. Moreover, the study seeks to find an answer to the number of the Armenians moved and the hardships they faced on their route to the Caucasus through the documents found in the Ottoman archives and in the relevant Armenian literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]