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La neutralizacion selectiva del factor de crecimiento BB derivado de las plaquetas (PDGF-BB), el factor basico de crecimiento fibroblastico (bFGF), y el factor de crecimiento transformante beta 1 (TGF-beta 1 ) mediante anticuerpos especificos administrados localmente a injertos de politetrafluoroetileno expandido (PTFEe) puede disminuir la hiperplasia neointimal. Se dividieron 60 cerdos en dos grupos (n = 30 cada uno) y, a continuacion, se dividieron adicionalmente en cinco subgrupos. El grupo 1 se sometio a la colocacion de un injerto de interposicion PTFEe pretratado con Matrigel® en la arteria iliaca bilateral. Tres subgrupos (A, B y C) recibieron un anticuerpo monoclonal especifico anti-PDGF-BB, bFGF o TGF-beta 1 . Otro (D) recibio todos los anticuerpos y el otro sirvio como control (sin isotipos inmunes de inmunoglobulina G [IgG]) (E). El grupo 2 se sometio a la implantacion de un injerto de interposicion de PTFEe pretratado con Matrigel® sobre el que se sembraron celulas endoteliales (CE) de arteria iliaca bilateral. Tres subgrupos (A, B y C) recibieron un anticuerpo especifico frente a PDGF-BB, bFGF o TGF-beta 1 . Uno (D) recibio todos los anticuerpos y uno sirvio como control (sin isotipos inmunes IgG) (E). La microscopia optica y la tincion inmunohistoquimica revelaron que la formacion de hiperplasia neointimal se redujo significativamente en los subgrupos D comparados con los otros (p 1 en los animales del subgrupo D comparado con los otros (p 1 dependio del pretratamiento de PTFEe. Se libero una mayor cantidad de estos factores de crecimiento en las protesis pretratadas con CE y Matrigel (p 1 , administrados localmente, reduce la formacion de hiperplasia neointimal.

Le blocage selectif du facteur de croissance de derive plaquettaire (PDGF-BB), du facteur de croissance basique de fibroblaste (bFGF), et du facteur de croissance transformant β1 (TGF-β1) par des anticorps specifiques enduits dans des greffes de polytetrafluoroethylene expanse (ePTFE) peut diminuer l'hyperplasie neointimale. Soixante porcs ont ete divises en deux groupes ( n = 30), puis divises en cinq sous-groupes. Le groupe 1 avait subi une interposition iliaque bilaterale d'ePTFE enduit de Matrigel™. Trois sous-groupes (A, B, et C) ont recu un anticorps monoclonal specifique contre PDGF-BB, bFGF, ou TGF-β1. Un groupe (D) a recu tous les anticorps, et un autre groupe (E) a servis de controle (isotypes non immunes d'immunoglobulines G [IgG]). Le groupe 2 avait subi une interposition iliaque bilaterale d'ePTFE couvert de cellules endotheliales (CE) dans la Matrigel. Trois sous-groupes (A, B, et C) ont recu un anticorps specifique contre PDGF-BB, bFGF, ou TGF-β1. Un groupe (D) a recu tous les anticorps, et un autre groupe (E) a servis de controle (isotypes non immunes d'immunoglobulines G [IgG]). La microscopie photonique et l'immunohistomarquage ont prouve que la formation d'hyperplasie neointimale etait sensiblement reduite dans les sous-groupes D compares aux autres ( p p p p p

The selective blockage of platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) by specific antibodies coated into expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts may diminish neointimal hyperplasia. Sixty pigs were divided into two groups (n = 30 each) and then further divided into five subgroups. Group 1 had a bilateral iliac artery ePTFE interposition graft precoated with Matrigel. Three subgroups (A, B, and C) received a specific monoclonal antibody against PDGF-BB, bFGF, or TGF-beta1. One (D) received all antibodies, and one served as control (nonimmune immunoglobulin G [IgG] isotypes) (E). Group 2 had a bilateral iliac artery endothelial cell (EC)-seeded ePTFE interposition graft precoated with Matrigel. Three subgroups (A, B, and C) received a specific antibody against PDGF-BB, bFGF, or TGF-beta1. One (D) received all antibodies, and one served as control (nonimmune IgG isotypes) (E). Light microscopy and immunohistochemical stain showed that neointimal hyperplasia formation was significantly reduced in subgroups D compared to the others (p < 0.05). In subgroups D, the different precoating influenced neointimal hyperplasia formation. It was more pronounced in the prosthesis precoated with EC and Matrigel (p < 0.05). In organ culture, the amount of PDGF-BB, bFGF, and TGF-beta1 release was reduced in subgroup D animals compared to the others (p < 0.05). In subgroups D, the release of PDGF-BB, bFGF, and TGF-beta1 depended on ePTFE seeding. A higher amount of these growth factors was released in the prostheses precoated with EC and Matrigel (p < 0.05), and the bromodeoxyuridine labeling index confirmed higher incorporation in this subgroup (p < 0.001). The combined use of locally administered anti-PDGF-BB, bFGF, and TGF-beta1 monoclonal antibodies reduces neointimal hyperplasia formation.

Background In vascular reconstructive surgery, myointimal hyperplasia contributes to the adverse outcome of synthetic grafts. This phenomenon is because of unregulated extracellular matrix degradation and remodeling, and excessive smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Matrix metallopreoteinase 2 (MMP-2) is known as an important contributor to these events. The aims of our study was to investigate the effects of selective MMP-2 inhibitor (TIMP-2) in endothelialization rate, SMC proliferation, and myointimal hyperplasia in experimental ePTFE arterial grafts. Methods In 20 male Lewis rats, a 1-cm long ePTFE graft has been inserted at the level of the abdominal aorta. Animals were randomized in two groups (10 animals each): group A received six subcutaneous inoculations of TIMP-2 (2.5 μg) after surgery, group B received only the vehicle of TIMP-2. Results Neointimal thickness, as well as SMC density, were augmented in group B, whereas endothelial cells density was augmented in group A, and these findings were statistically significant. In group A SMC were better organized, just like SMC of thoracic aorta. In group B SMC were no organized. Furthermore, anti-TIMP-2 and anti-MMP-2 coloration revealed higher levels of TIMP-2 and lower levels of MMP-2 in group A versus group-B. Conclusions Use of TIMP-2 affects the neointimal formation of experimental e-PTFE arterial grafts, leading to a better-organized neointima, with improved endothelialization.

Objective. To present a case of isolated ascites secondary due to urogenital abnormalities (urogenital sinus) without any other prenatal ultrasound marker. Method. A 36-year-old woman with prenatal isolated ascites delivered a female baby, weighing 2.285 g; ascites was drained at birth and the baby underwent several episodes of urinary retention prior to undergoing X-ray investigations. Results. A voiding cystourethrogram revealed a short urogenital sinus: a vesicostomy was performed. A vaginoscopy revealed double vagina with a large posterior vagina. A posterior sagittal anorectal pull-through with genitoplasty was performed at 2 years old with 1-year follow-up. Conclusions. Though rare, a urogenital abnormality is to be suspected in fetal ascites cases with negative viral tests and no cardiac anomalies. The most common ultrasound marker of such abnormalities (fluid filled cavity) may be missing because of complete drainage of urine through the tubes into peritoneum.

Introduction Synovial cyst of the hip joint causing the compression of the femoral vein is a rare occurrence. We carefully reviewed the international literature collecting 26 additional cases. Report A case of a patient affected with synovial cyst of the hip joint causing the compression of the femoral vein and severe lower limb edema is presented. Discussion The treatment of choice of synovial cyst compressing the femoral vein is surgical removal.

It is well known that vertebral schisis is frequent in enuretic children but the true incidence in the normal population is not clear, because all series published are referred to children with associated urinary anomalies, who were submitted to voiding cystography and or intravenous pyelography. This determine a statistical bias. The aim of our study was to compare the prevalence of vertebral schisis in enuretic children and in the general pediatric population. Therefore, we chose 142 enuretic children without associated urological or neurological anomalies and a control group of 152 children, assumed as general population, who were submitted to spinal X-rays during screening for scoliosis or congenital dysplasia of the hip. Vertebral schisis was found in 65% (93/142) of enuretics and in 18% (28/152) of control group children. Maximum association between enuresis and vertebral schisis was found in primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (82%), while minimum association was found in children with secondary enuresis (57%). The difference in percentage of association enuresis-schisis was statistically significant between enuretics and control group and between primary monosymptomatic and secondary enuresis (p0.001). The results of this paper are simply add knowledges on the prevalence of the sacral schisis in enuretic children. But, to speculate the different prevalence in different types of enuresis, the results should confirm that the phenomenon of enuresis is multifactorial and the primary monosymptomatic and secondary enuresis have different etiological factor.