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In a review paper in this same volume, we present the state of the art on modeling of compressible viscous flows ranging from single‐phase to two‐phase systems. It focuses on mathematical properties related to weak stability because they are important for numerical resolution and on the homogenization process that leads from a microscopic description of two separate phases to an averaged two‐phase model. This review serves as the foundation for Parts I and II, which present averaged two‐phase models with phase exchange applicable to magma flow during volcanic eruptions. Here, in Part I, after introducing the physical processes occurring in a volcanic conduit, we detail the steps needed at both microscopic and macroscopic scales to obtain a two‐phase transient conduit flow model ensuring: (1) mass and volatile species conservation, (2) disequilibrium degassing considering both viscous relaxation and volatile diffusion, and (3) dissipation of total energy. The resulting compressible/incompressible system has eight transport equations on eight unknowns (gas volume fraction and density, dissolved water content, liquid pressure, and the velocity and temperature of both phases) as well as algebraic closures for gas pressure and bubble radius. We establish valid sets of boundary conditions such as imposing pressures and stress‐free conditions at the conduit outlet and either velocity or pressure at the inlet. This model is then used to obtain a drift‐flux system that isolates the effects of relative velocities, pressures, and temperatures. The dimensional analysis of this drift‐flux system suggests that relative velocities can be captured with a Darcy equation and that gas–liquid pressure differences partly control magma acceleration. Unlike the vanishing small gas–liquid temperature differences, bulk magma temperature is expected to vary because of gas expansion. Mass exchange being a major control of flow dynamics, we propose a limit case of mass exchange by establishing a relaxed system at chemical equilibrium. This single‐velocity, single‐temperature system is a generalization of an existing volcanic conduit flow model. Finally, we compare our full compressible/incompressible system to another existing volcanic conduit flow model where both phases are compressible. This comparison illustrates that different two‐phase systems may be obtained depending on the governing unknowns chosen. Part II presents a 1.5D version of the model established herein that is solved numerically. The numerical outputs are compared to those of another steady‐state, equilibrium degassing, isothermal model under conditions typical of an effusive eruption at an andesitic volcano. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aim to predict a clinical difference in the postoperative range of motion (RoM) between 2 reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) stem designs (Inlay-155° and Onlay-145°) using preoperative planning software. We hypothesized that preoperative 3D planning could anticipate the differences in postoperative clinical RoM between 2 humeral stem designs and by keeping the same glenoid implant. Thirty-seven patients (14 men and 23 women, 76 ± 7 years) underwent a BIO-RSA (bony increased offset-RSA) with the use of preoperative planning and an intraoperative 3-dimensional-printed patient-specific guide for glenoid component implantation between January 2014 and September 2019 with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Two types of humeral implants were used: Inlay with a 155° inclination (Inlay-155°) and Onlay with a 145°inclination (Onlay-145°). Glenoid implants remained unchanged. The postoperative RSA angle (inclination of the area in which the glenoid component of the RSA is implanted) and the lateralization shoulder angle were measured to confirm the good positioning of the glenoid implant and the global lateralization on postoperative X-rays. A correlation between simulated and clinical RoM was studied. Simulated and last follow-up active forward flexion (AFE), abduction, and external rotation (ER) were compared between the 2 types of implants. No significant difference in RSA and lateralization shoulder angle was found between planned and postoperative radiological implants' position. Clinical RoM at the last follow-up was always significantly different from simulated preoperative RoM. A low-to-moderate but significant correlation existed for AFE, abduction, and ER (r = 0.45, r = 0.47, and r = 0.57, respectively; P <.01). AFE and abduction were systematically underestimated (126° ± 16° and 95° ± 13° simulated vs. 150° ± 24° and 114° ± 13° postoperatively; P <.001), whereas ER was systematically overestimated (50° ± 19° simulated vs. 36° ± 19° postoperatively; P <.001). Simulated abduction and ER highlighted a significant difference between Inlay-155° and Onlay-145° (12° ± 2°, P =.01, and 23° ± 3°, P <.001), and this was also retrieved clinically at the last follow-up (23° ± 2°, P =.02, and 22° ± 2°, P <.001). This study is the first to evaluate the clinical relevance of predicted RoM for RSA preoperative planning. Motion that involves the scapulothoracic joint (AFE and abduction) is underestimated, while ER is overestimated. However, preoperative planning provides clinically relevant RoM prediction with a significant correlation between both and brings reliable data when comparing 2 different types of humeral implants (Inlay-155° and Onlay-145°) for abduction and ER. Thus, RoM simulation is a valuable tool to optimize implant selection and choose RSA implants to reach the optimal RoM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In numerous regions globally, particularly in Tunisia, the fluoride concentration in industrial wastewater surpasses regulatory thresholds, which posing environmental challenges. Therefore, this research investigates the efficacy of two clays sourced from Jebel Haidoudi Gabes–Tunisia (east longitude 9° 42′ 51.5″ (9.7143°); north latitude 34° 2′ 9.7″ (34.036°)) and Douiret–Tunisia (east longitude 10° 17′ 18.28 (10.28°); north latitude 32° 51′ 24.36″ (32.85°) as adsorbents and compared their performance in removing fluoride. These clays were used as adsorbents after activation with acid for 3.5 and 4.5 h, respectively. The design of Box–Behnken was applied to enhance the influence of initial fluoride concentration (50–300 mg/g), pH (2–6), and contact time (2–5 h). The results highlight the following order of significance for these factors: initial fluoride concentration > contact time > pH. The empirical model predicted that a maximum amounts adsorbed of fluoride with activated clays were obtained at fluoride concentration of 300 mg/L at a contact time of 5 h and pH = 2. A comparative analysis of activated clays from Jebel Haidoudi (142.56 mg/g) and Douiret (136.24 mg/g) elucidates their differential performance in fluoride removal. Results show that the experimental data fit well the pseudo-second-order equation, with R2 close to 1 (0.999) and χ2 low (1 ≥); the isotherm studies illustrate that the most excellent liner fits were obtained use the Langmuir model with highest R2 (0.986 and 0.983) and lowest χ2 (41.07 ad 43.56). These results demonstrate that fluoride removal might be mostly a chemisorption and a monolayer process. Finally, both activated clays could be used as efficient and inexpensive adsorbents. This work offers practical insights for optimizing treatment processes in regions grappling with elevated fluoride concentrations in industrial effluents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work is to use activated carbon derived from orange peel to remove methylene blue from water. The adsorption of this dye was carried out in batch mode and the analysis of the methylene blue solution samples was carried out on a Shimadzu UV-visible spectrometer. The mass of carbon, the initial concentration of the dye solution, as well as kinetic models, isotherm models and thermodynamic studies were studied. Analysis of the adsorption data showed that the optimum dose of activated carbon was 300 mg/L for an 90.84 % adsorption rate. The concentrations used to study the influence of concentration proved to be too low to achieve saturation of the adsorbent. Modelling of the kinetics showed that the methylene blue adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Isotherm modelling revealed that methylene blue adsorption follows the Freundlich-Langmuir model. The values of the thermodynamic parameters show a spontaneous and exothermic phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intelligent water usage is required in order to target the challenging goals for 2030 and 2050. Hydroelectric power plants represent processes wherein water is exploited as a renewable resource and a source for energy production. Hydroelectric power plants usually include reservoirs, valves, gates, and energy production devices, e.g., turbines. In this context, monitoring and maintenance policies together with control and optimization strategies, at the different levels of the automation hierarchy, may represent strategic tools and drivers for energy efficiency improvement. Nowadays, these strategies rely on different basic concepts and elements, which must be assessed and investigated in order to provide a reliable background. This paper focuses on a review of the state of the art associated with these basic concepts and elements, i.e., digitalization, Industry 4.0, data, KPIs, modelization, and forecast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The main objective of this research is to evaluate the effects of climate change first on precipitation and temperature, and then on the runoff characteristics of two tropical watersheds located in Senegal and Guinea-Bissau. To achieve this, eighteen General Circulation Models (GCMs) were selected to measure various climate change scenarios under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5, using the reference period of 1985–2014. The GR2M hydrological model was employed to replicate past monthly surface runoff patterns for the Casamance and Kayanga-Géva watersheds. After calibrating and validating the GR2M model, the researchers simulated the predictable effect of climate change on the flow for the near future (2021–2040), medium future (2041–2060), and distant future (2081–2100) for each watershed, using the GCM multi-model ensemble mean. The quantile method was used to correct bias in temperature and precipitation data. The results of bias correction give a correlation coefficient greater than 0.9% for temperatures and 0,6% precipitation between the outputs of the multi-model ensemble and observations used. The results indicate also that all watersheds are expected to experience drier conditions in the near-future, mid-future, and far-future periods under both the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios. Furthermore, the predictable temperature trends consistently show a warmer situation with growing radiative making in the future times. However, the primary factor influencing changes in flow for all watersheds is the projected precipitation changes. The anticipated drier conditions in the near-future, mid-future, and far-future horizons under both scenarios would lead to significantly reduced runoff volumes at the beginning and middle of the rainy season. Consequently, the projected seasonal changes in river flow for all catchments (e.g., under SSP5-8.5 scenario, a decline of -34.47%, -56.01%, and -68.01% was noted, respectively, for the horizons 2050, 2070, and 2090 for the Casamance basin) could lead to new frequent occurrences of drought and water scarcity associated with past hydrological regimes. These scenarios enhance the necessity of improving water management, water prizing, and water recycling policies, to ensure water supply and to reduce tensions among regions and countries.

The main objective of this research is to evaluate the effects of climate change first on precipitation and temperature, and then on the runoff characteristics of two tropical watersheds located in Senegal and Guinea-Bissau. To achieve this, eighteen General Circulation Models (GCMs) were selected to measure various climate change scenarios under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5, using the reference period of 1985–2014. The GR2M hydrological model was employed to replicate past monthly surface runoff patterns for the Casamance and Kayanga-Géva watersheds. After calibrating and validating the GR2M model, the researchers simulated the predictable effect of climate change on the flow for the near future (2021–2040), medium future (2041–2060), and distant future (2081–2100) for each watershed, using the GCM multi-model ensemble mean. The quantile method was used to correct bias in temperature and precipitation data. The results of bias correction give a correlation coefficient greater than 0.9% for temperatures and 0,6% precipitation between the outputs of the multi-model ensemble and observations used. The results indicate also that all watersheds are expected to experience drier conditions in the near-future, mid-future, and far-future periods under both the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios. Furthermore, the predictable temperature trends consistently show a warmer situation with growing radiative making in the future times. However, the primary factor influencing changes in flow for all watersheds is the projected precipitation changes. The anticipated drier conditions in the near-future, mid-future, and far-future horizons under both scenarios would lead to significantly reduced runoff volumes at the beginning and middle of the rainy season. Consequently, the projected seasonal changes in river flow for all catchments (e.g., under SSP5-8.5 scenario, a decline of -34.47%, -56.01%, and -68.01% was noted, respectively, for the horizons 2050, 2070, and 2090 for the Casamance basin) could lead to new frequent occurrences of drought and water scarcity associated with past hydrological regimes. These scenarios enhance the necessity of improving water management, water prizing, and water recycling policies, to ensure water supply and to reduce tensions among regions and countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of seismic isolators is a design method that involves inserting a flexible element at the base of the structure to decouple its movement from that of the ground to reduce vulnerability to earthquakes. They also make it possible to reduce the demand for force and deformation on the various structural elements. The aim of this research is to evaluate the contribution of HDRB high damping elastomeric seismic isolators in the reduction of seismic forces. It also consists in comparing the results of the dynamic analysis of the two fixed base structures in frames or frames braced by shear walls with the isolated structure mounted on an HDRB elastomer system and subjected to the same seismic excitation using the SAP 2000 calculation software. The results obtained showed an attenuation in the accelerations, a lengthening of the period, strong reduction in displacements and a reduction in the shearing force at the base of the isolated structure compared to fixed base structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the intertwined circulation of multiple kinds of Nordic models. We seek to understand how modelization of the region occurred at multiple levels and in disparate fields, in other words how different aspects of Nordic policies and politics came to be understood as worthy of interest and at times of emulation. In doing so, we aim to contribute to the critical scholarship on the Nordic model concept, exploring how it has been changed and contested over time, the contexts in which it circulates and why it has generated interest. Methodologically, we use digital tools to analyse scholarly literature in different disciplines published between 1965 and 2019. In focusing on intellectual constructions of the Nordic model, we locate academia as a crucial field for the development of the Nordic model concept, but one that is in communication with and integrates typologies developed in other fields. Following a brief discussion of the model concept, we assess intensifications and critical junctures in the modelization of the Nordics through wordclouds. Second, we demonstrate the variety of such modelizations through case studies. Third, we conclude by pointing to the rhetorical and heuristic effects of such modelizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper focuses on the treatment of indigo blue dye from an industrial wastewater using coagulation--flocculation process and explains removal mechanisms through the density functional theory. The conducted study analyzed the effect of different factors, including the dose and concentration of the coagulant AlCl3, flocculant dose, and pH and their influence on coloration removal, chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction, and sludge amount, and seeks the optimization of these factors using the design of experiment. The optimal removal efficiencies were found to be 96.42% for COD, 98.21% for absorbance, and 10.40 mL for sludge volume under optimal operational parameters, 11.25, 4.07 mL, 3.23 g/L, and 0.94 mL for pH, coagulant dose, concentration dose, and flocculant dose with a total cost of 0.0826 USD/m³, respectively. Analysis of the global reactivity descriptors for reagents indicated that AlCl3 (ω = 6.156 eV) acts as an electrophile and the indigo blue dye (ω = 7.174 eV) as a nucleophile. The Parr's index analysis Pk + and Pk -- of indigo blue revealed that the vulnerable location for the nucleophilic attack is sited on the -C8=O10 and -C11=O19 bonding area. Finally, the developed model may emphasize the process engineering aspects of industrial wastewater treatment, and the linking with theoretical data could explain the involved removal mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intelligent water usage is required in order to target the challenging goals for 2030 and 2050. Hydroelectric power plants represent processes wherein water is exploited as a renewable resource and a source for energy production. Hydroelectric power plants usually include reservoirs, valves, gates, and energy production devices, e.g., turbines. In this context, monitoring and maintenance policies together with control and optimization strategies, at the different levels of the automation hierarchy, may represent strategic tools and drivers for energy efficiency improvement. Nowadays, these strategies rely on different basic concepts and elements, which must be assessed and investigated in order to provide a reliable background. This paper focuses on a review of the state of the art associated with these basic concepts and elements, i.e., digitalization, Industry 4.0, data, KPIs, modelization, and forecast.

The present work is in the framework of water resource control and optimization. Specifically, an advanced process control system was designed and implemented in a hydroelectric power plant for water management. Two reservoirs (connected through a regulation gate) and a set of turbines for energy production constitute the main elements of the process. In-depth data analysis was carried out to determine the control variables and the major issues related to the previous conduction of the plant. A tailored modelization process was conducted, and satisfactory fitting performances were obtained with linear models. In particular, first-principles equations were combined with data-based techniques. The achievement of a reliable model of the plant and the availability of reliable forecasts of the measured disturbance variables—e.g., the hydroelectric power production plan—motivated the choice of a control approach based on model predictive control techniques. A tailored methodology was proposed to account for model uncertainties, and an ad hoc model mismatch compensation strategy was designed. Virtual environment simulations based on meaningful scenarios confirmed the validity of the proposed approach for reducing water waste while meeting the water demand for electric energy production. The control system was commissioned for the real plant, obtaining significant performance and a remarkable service factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We discuss the concept of predicate from both metalinguistic and linguistic perspectives. After having explained the role of predicate in the theoretical framework of reference, we specify the language mechanisms related to predicates. We then illustrate our purpose with the determination of nouns in French. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through an analogy with the Budyko curves in catchment hydrology science, this study defines the supply and demand limits for the flocculation system of cohesive particles (the supply limit can be represented by the potential floc size growth, whereas the demand limit can be represented by the steady-state floc size) and attempts to adopt Budyko-type models to estimate the temporal evolution of floc size during flocculation. Seventeen experimental datasets are collected to test the accuracy of the Budyko model with an average high correlation coefficient of 0.9784 and average low relative error and root mean squared error values of 0.1304 and 0.0605, respectively. Either the potential floc size growth or the steady-state floc size is a monotonic function of the flow shear rate, and a simple empiric power law function can be used to describe them. Other Budyko-type models are also found to show good prediction accuracies against the experimental datasets. This study indicates that Budyko-type models have potential as a good addition to existing flocculation models for predicting the temporal variation in the size population of flocs in a turbulent flow, provided that some coefficients have been calibrated by limited data points prior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposes a data analysis and modelization method for the rolling mill process of billets in steel plants. By exploiting rolling mill signals and advanced data processing algorithms, a reliable billet tracking system is designed, which tracks each workpiece from the furnace entrance to the rolling mill stands' exit area. Based on the stored information, two problems are addressed: the data analysis of the temperature sensors (a thermal imaging camera and pyrometers) and the current that is related to the rolling mill stands' absorption, and subsequently, a mathematical modelization of the billets' temperature along their path in the rolling mill is produced. The data analysis suggested that we should perform hardware modifications: the thermal imaging camera was repositioned to avoid the effect of scale formation on the temperature measurements. The modelization phase provided the basis for future control and/or diagnosis applications that will exploit a temperature decay model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes a first approach of the science-fiction genre through the lens of thought experiment. Thought experiment opens a path to a new definition of the genre that would enable to avoid the main pitfalls raised by John Rieder. Therefore it provides an opportunity to take simultaneously into account the historical context of the generic objects, their reception and their use. A first definition of thought experiment will enable us to define the fictional nature and will as well raise some functional features relating to this kind of experiment. Then we will try to integrate the thought experiment as the characteristic feature of the promise of SF genre, as defined by François Jost. Finally, we will draft an analysis of several objects founded on five proposals and confirmed by a semantic / syntactic approach, inspired by Rick Altman’s works.

Copyright of Architectural Journal / Jian Zhu Xue Bao is the property of Architectural Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The concrete constitutes a material of prime importance which is widely used in different works and infrastructures. Among the raw materials component the concrete are the aggregates which take the first place. It is widely acknowledged that the consumption of natural aggregates increases with the growth in the amount of concrete needed. It has recently emerged that concrete waste can be recycled and reused in civil engineering works after a series of treatments. Moreover, in order to protect the environment and based on the principles of sustainable development, it was considered urgent to produce a High Strength Concrete incorporating recycled materials in addition to silica fume and a high-efficiency superplasticizer. This would certainly help to establish a harmonious sustainable development that guaranties the ecological balance and environmental protection, and prevents the depletion of natural resources. This study is part of a larger research program that that seeks to recover, recycle and valorize construction and demolition wastes. The main objective sought in this article is firstly to use aggregates from demolition concrete in the manufacture of a new concrete with high mechanical and rheological performance, and secondly, to model the behavior of this type of concrete using the Finite Element Method. This modeling aims to evaluate the maximum compressive strengths and compare them with those obtained experimentally.

This article presents the modeling of the solar adsorption cooling system to predict its performance at each hour of the day. The model was implemented to improve the performance of the existing prototype built in Morocco that employs activated carbon–methanol as the working pair. The comparison between the numerical results and experimental data indicates that the model predicts the dynamic performance of the system well as a good agreement was obtained. Several main factors affecting system performance are discussed according to the results given by the simulation. New submodels have been added to predict the performance of the continuous cycle. The results show that the performance of the system could be enhanced by 68% with the continuous cycle. And by 88% with double glazed collector configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several studies have pointed out the link between irrigation and the risk of exposure to zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL). The Elhechria community from the Sidi Bouzid region is particularly concerned with ZCL prevalence. Moreover, the zone experienced anarchic extension of the irrigable areas outside the public irrigated perimeter (PIP), which has worsened the situation. Through adopting an ecosystem health approach, this research aims to identify alternatives to improve the economic and social well-being of farmers in order to decrease exposure risk. To address this issue, a field survey was carried out with 130 farmers. Descriptive analysis allowed the identification of representative farming systems inside and outside the PIP. Through linear programming, we have developed a regional model to determine optimal activities that maximize farmers’ revenue. The results showed that farmers’ livelihoods depend on irrigated activities and that all farmers are reluctant to limit them. In terms of the economic environment, farmers claimed that having access to more facilities at which to buy inputs and sell their products would benefit them. Through reconfiguring the cropping pattern, the model showed optimal uses of water resources. Substantial improvement of the farmers’ revenue might be achieved through enhancing the role of local institutions to build the needed facilities. Hence, one expects an eventual improvement of farmers’ well-being toward fighting the disease.

In order to better match the multi-level structural characteristics and multi-scale fracture process of cementitious composite, multi-scale hybrid fiber-reinforced strain hardening cementitious composite (MsHySHCC) was designed by adding hooked steel fiber and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) whisker into conventional polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber-reinforced SHCC. Compressive properties of PVA-SHCC and MsHySHCC were evaluated experimentally. The results indicate that the designed MsHySHCC had a better compressive performance than that of PVA-SHCC. Moderately partially substituted PVA fibers by steela fiber and CaCO3 whisker enhanced the compressive parameters, however, further substitution of PVA fibers by increasing the content of CaCO3 whisker didn’t bring a higher promotion. Two kinds of semi-theoretical compression constitutive models were developed from the perspective of damage mechanics theory and geometrical mathematical description, respectively. It was found that both of the proposed models can be applied to predict the uniaxial compressive stress-strain relationships of PVA-SHCC and MsHySHCCs.

This essay contributes in part to the discussion of the concept of the border [frontière] and its relations between philosophies and sciences present within the work Épistémologie des frontières. It suggests that borders function as both a separation and a union between the domains of philosophies and sciences in their multiplicity. Borders are determinant in the times of interdisciplinarity, and such investigations are necessary because the accustomed links between philosophies and sciences can no longer be assumed. This essay proposes some hypotheses concerning methodology and the relation to the real to exercise a modelization as the articulation of multiple points of view. Modelization allows for the invention of democratic pragmatics of philosophy/philosophies towards a global re-evaluation of the relations that disciplines, such as the sciences and ethics, share with philosophy Author(s): Anne-Françoise Schmid Translator: Jeremy R. Smith Title (English): Sciences, Philosophies, and the Question of Borders Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 18, No. 1-2 (2021). Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje Page Range: 66-73 Page Count: 8 Citation (English): Anne-Françoise Schmid, “Sciences, Philosophies, and the Question of Borders,” trans. Jeremy R. Smith, Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 18, No. 1-2 (2021): 66-73. Author Biography Anne-Françoise Schmid, Mines ParisTech Philosopher and epistemologist, Anne-Françoise Schmid works on the multiple interactions between sciences and arts, between epistemology and the multiplicity of philosophies. These dynamic relationships can only be understood and systematized by a science of terms and relationships, a modality of Design. AFS sees in philosophical invention, rather than a result of criticism, the effect of a conception of and in philosophy, which occurs when philosophy touches another discipline. The Design, rather than a method external to the philosophy, allows it to manifest its construction in its links to the other knowledge, doctored or indoctrinated. Philosopher among scientists (EPFL, INSA, INRA, MinesParisTech), more recently philosopher among artists (vimeo film Letre, Philosophical Scripts for a festival of lost films (Gwangju), collaborations with Robin Mackay, Benoît Maire, Alice Lucy Rekab, Gallien Déjean, Ivan Liovik Ebel). A specialist in Poincaré and editor of Russell and Couturat, she has taught philosophy and epistemology at the University of Paris Ouest Nanterre, and mathematical logic at the University of Geneva. She has been teaching at the New Center of Research and Practice since 2016. Her problem is the question of how to avoid exclusions, exclusions of emerging scientific methods in science in view of what she saw in laboratories and research centers, exclusion of philosophies in the name of the supremacy of one of them. To this end, she has manifested the hypotheses of classical epistemology and has made extensions of them to take into account the generalized interdisciplinarity of contemporary sciences (in collaboration with Jean-Marie Legay, biologist, Muriel Mambrini-Doudet, biologist, Armand Hatchuel, management sciences, Nicole Mathieu, geographer, Maryse Dennes, Russian philosophy). At the same time, she works on a philosophical style not in but with philosophies considering their multiplicity (Philo-fiction, La revue des non-philosophes).

The article presents the outline of a linguistic model that is part of a methodology for identifying and analyzing emerging or referentially unstable namings, such as cultural appropriation, street harassment, climate refugee or ecocide. The model and the method are intended to guide the interpretation – manual or semi-automatic – of the referential expressions, according to the semantic-cognitive type of the designated entity (human entity, social process, event, etc.), but also taking into account interdiscursive negotiations that affect the choice of terms and their uses. The proposed approach is original and is based on several guiding ideas: (1) take into account the complexity of the naming and the entanglement of his different facets which are categorization, meaning, performativity and valuation (desirability, preferences, social norms), (2) target the development phase of the naming (observe how speakers deal with the unstable): for this purpose, we will use the notion of identification between weak or identified entities and strong or reference entities, (3) report in an integrated way the referential elaboration of knowledge, the lexical and semantic elaboration of expressions, and the expression of intersubjective attitudes. The scientific framework combines three main disciplinary areas: automatic language processing (construction and representation of knowledge, reference), semantics (elaboration of meanings) and discourse analysis (interdiscursive elaboration of concepts and terms).

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The impact of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) on the world has been partially controlled through different measures of social isolation and prophylaxis. Two new SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered) models are proposed in order to describe this spread through different countries of Europe. In both models the infectivity of the asymptomatic period during the exposed stage of the disease will be taken into account. The different transmission rates of the SEIR models are calculated by considering the different locations and, more importantly, the lockdown measures implemented in each region. A new classification of these intervention measures will be set and their influence on the values of the transmission rates will be estimated through regression analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to build a modern scientific discourse about painted caves? The digital revolution and progress in physico-chemical analysis allow the specialist to propose a more effective scientific discourse. Completeness and objectivity are now reached better and more quickly, while respecting the conservation of painted caves. However, specialists in cave art still have to develop a vocabulary and a common methodology, without losing sight of the fact that the base of everything remains the drawing and the fieldwork, even if it is more and more limited, as to preserve the quality of the cave environment. Because we are working in “dirty” caves, having undergone many alterations, we have developed protocols and a specific methodology, of which we give some examples here. Identify Paleolithic lines and translate the reality of the wall—its volume, relief or taphonomie—are our objectives. With a major condition: still working with drawings, at the base of our work.

Collected memories are composed of digital or digitized ancient documents that are editorialized so as to produce a composite document. They are published on the web in order to tell a story of a past event. Their emergence on the web, from 2005, is favored by the progress of the digital, the availability of open archives and corpora valorized in the context of digital humanities projects. As testimonies of “public uses of past”, they are likely to become an object for memory studies. Being produced outside of any institution, they are currently neither indexed nor preserved. The document description models (EAD, Dublin Core) are not adapted to these composite documents, whose textuality relies on the way their pre-existing documentary elements are structured. Based on examples, this paper proposes the principle and the primitives of a model for the description of these composite documents. The model relies on the characterization of the selection, the scheduling and the visualization of the documentary units composing the collection. We conclude that elaborating criteria for the formal analysis of the marks of authority of the sites is a main point by which to qualify their degree of reliability. This model aims to better understand these editorial forms in order to list them and to preserve their structure.

The concrete constitutes a material of prime importance which is widely used in different works and infrastructures. Among the raw materials component the concrete are the aggregates which take the first place. It is widely acknowledged that the consumption of natural aggregates increases with the growth in the amount of concrete needed. It has recently emerged that concrete waste can be recycled and reused in civil engineering works after a series of treatments. Moreover, in order to protect the environment and based on the principles of sustainable development, it was considered urgent to produce a High Strength Concrete incorporating recycled materials in addition to silica fume and a high-efficiency superplasticizer. This would certainly help to establish a harmonious sustainable development that guaranties the ecological balance and environmental protection, and prevents the depletion of natural resources. This study is part of a larger research program that that seeks to recover, recycle and valorize construction and demolition wastes. The main objective sought in this article is firstly to use aggregates from demolition concrete in the manufacture of a new concrete with high mechanical and rheological performance, and secondly, to model the behavior of this type of concrete using the Finite Element Method. This modeling aims to evaluate the maximum compressive strengths and compare them with those obtained experimentally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to provide an experience which implements STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) practices with 12 and 13 year old students in a global climate change scenario. We present a Project-Based Learning (PBL) methodology through a research project on the regeneration of vegetation after a high-severity fire using remote sensing and field work. The experience illustrates how to provide a context for the subjects involved, shows interdependencies between disciplines and models systems as complex as ecosystems. The objectives focus on STEM skills and social awareness about climate change. Regarding the implementation of the experience, we specify the set of actions and protocols developed within the collaboration between secondary and higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extracorporeal CO2 removal within a continuous renal replacement therapy circuit offers multiple advantages for the regulation of the CO2 extraction. The authors review the impact of the dialysate solution, the buffer, and the anticoagulation on CO2 removal. They propose a theoretical model of the ideal circuit for the optimization of CO2 extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Signata is the property of Presses Universitaires de Liege and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Linguistics: Germanic & Romance Studies / Kalbotyra: Romanu ir Germanu Studijos is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Granite rock has powerful alterations at several meters of depth. The clayed sand resulting is commonly known as jabre. This “in situ” mixture of cement-stabilized soil requires a laboratory formula. Even when the test section is correctly verified, the mechanical properties of the homogeneous mixture of jabre exhibit high degrees of dispersion. The laboratory work undertaken included particle-size analysis and screening, defini­tion of liquid and plastic limits, compressive strength, dry density and moisture content over stabilized samples, modified Proctor, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and the determination of the workability of the hydrauli­cally bound mixtures. The stress resistance curve was analyzed by means of a multilinear model of unconfined compressive strength (UCS). Since practical engineering only requires UCS for 7 days, in order to gain greater knowledge of the material, other UCS transformations were used at other curing times such as 7, 14 and 28 days.

Carbonation is a deleterious concrete durability problem which may alter concrete microstructure and yield initiation of corrosion in reinforcing steel bars. Previous studies focused on the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for the prediction of concrete carbonation depth and to minimize the need for destructive and elaborated civil engineering laboratory tests. This study aims to provide improved accuracy of simulation and prediction of carbonation with an ANN architecture including eighteen input parameters employing alternative Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG) function. After ensuring a promising value of the coefficient of correlation as high as 0.98, the influence of proposed input parameters on the progress of carbonation depth was studied. The results of this parametric analysis were observed to successfully comply with the conventional civil engineering experience. Hence, the employed ANN model can be used as an efficient tool to study in detail and to provide insights into the carbonation problem in concrete.

Nowadays, different kinds of modelling settled down in most areas of human activities. Often, it is not easy to design and create a model of an existing systems, because equations linking its components are not known. This article describes an approach allowing to identify system components interaction based on run-time monitoring and analysis of system behavior. Described method is shown on a simple system that will be turned in to a system dynamics mode by automated equations definition and results will compared to initial analytic model for the same system.

Copyright of Algerian Journal of Arid Environment (AJAE) is the property of University of Kasdi Merbah Ouargla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• We examined the genotoxic potential of 27 HAPs. • Genotoxicity was evaluated with the γH2AX assay and was modelled with the Hill equation. • We developed for each compound, in each cell line, Genotoxic Equivalent Factor. • These new equivalent factor for PAHs may improve cancer risk assessment. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) form a family of compounds that are generally found in complex mixtures. PAHs can lead to the development of carcinogenesis. The Toxicity Equivalent Factor (TEF) approach has been suggested for estimating the toxicity of PAHs, however, due to the relative weakness of available data, TEF have not been applied for the risk characterization of PAHs as food contaminants in Europe. The determination of new TEFs for a large number of PAHs could overcome some limitations of the current method and improve cancer risk assessment. The present investigation aimed at deriving new TEFs for PAHs, based on their genotoxic effect measured in vitro and analyzed with mathematical models. For this purpose, we used a genotoxicity assay (γH2AX) with three human cell lines to analyze the genotoxic properties of 27 selected PAHs after 24 h treatment. For 11 compounds, we did not detect any genotoxic potential. For the remaining 16 PAHs, the concentration-response for genotoxic effect was modelled with the Hill equation; equivalency between PAHs at low dose was assessed by applying constraints to the model parameters. We developed for each compound, in each cell line, Genotoxic Equivalent Factor (GEF). Calculated GEF for the tested PAHs were similar in all cell lines and generally higher than the TEF usually used. These new equivalent factors for PAHs should improve cancer risk assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electric power production operators have adopted a new strategy to digitize its industrial processes. This is achieved by integrating connected sensors into equipment to collect data and enable real-time process monitoring, which ensures effective remote control and driving. In this context, our project is to optimize the operating parameters of the steam management and distribution process of Medium Pressure and Low Pressure at the level of a real thermoelectric plant, in order to maximize the production of electrical energy. After collection, we clean, filter and consolidate the data in such a way as to have a database containing all the necessary variables of the process. We have built a predictive model that enables the production of electrical power using a machine learning approach. This model, will be exploited for the development of a decision-making application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) on the world has been partially controlled through different measures of social isolation and prophylaxis. Two new SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered) models are proposed in order to describe this spread through different countries of Europe. In both models the infectivity of the asymptomatic period during the exposed stage of the disease will be taken into account. The different transmission rates of the SEIR models are calculated by considering the different locations and, more importantly, the lockdown measures implemented in each region. A new classification of these intervention measures will be set and their influence on the values of the transmission rates will be estimated through regression analysis.